Location: Tryavna, Gabrovo Province Map
Official site
Tryavna (spelling until 1945 Trѣvna) is a town in the Gabrovo region, Central Northern Bulgaria. It is the administrative and economic center of the municipality of the same name, Tryavna. The population of the city according to the 2021 census is 7,396 inhabitants, which makes it the third largest settlement in the district. The preserved Renaissance architecture and cultural heritage of this period attract many tourists.
In Tryavna is located the Specialized Museum of Carving and Painting
Art, one of the sights from the Hundred National Tourist Sites of
the Bulgarian Tourist Union, uniting eight museum sites: "Daskalova
House", "Raikova House" (the native house of Prof. Pencho Raikov -
the first Bulgarian chemist), Angel Kanchev House Museum, Old
School, Museum of the Icon, Slaveykova House (the native house of
the writer Pencho Slaveykov), Kazakov Gallery and the Museum of
Asian and African Art. Other preserved ancient buildings with a
museum focus are the "Kalincheva House" (with the "Gabenski" Art
Gallery), the house of Pope Koyu Vitanov, the Clock Tower, the
Popangel House, etc.
Temples
"St. Archangel Michael" -
prot. Petar Petkov Petrov - phone: 0677/6 34 42; GSM 089/668 7402.
"St. George" - prot. Petar Petkov Petrov - phone: 0677/6 34 42; GSM
089/668 7402.
Cradle of Revivalists
Tryavna is the hometown of
Pencho Slaveykov and Angel Kanchev, Captain Petko Voivoda also lived
there. It is one of the centers of the Bulgarian revival, icon
painting, carving, carpentry, enlightenment, church and national
liberation struggles. The houses with revival architecture and the
works of the Trevna school of icon painting have been preserved. The
most notable architectural monuments and museums in the city are the
Slaveykovo (Old) School (1836), the churches "St. Archangel Michael"
(1819) and "St. Georgi" (1848), Clock Tower (1814), Daska House
(1804), Slavey House (1830), Angel Kancho House (1805), Raikova
House (1846), Kalinch House house (1830), the Royal Chapel of
Tsaritsa Joana (1943, designed by architect Yordan Sevov) - Museum
of the Icon, Old Bath (early 20th century) - Museum of Asian and
African Art, Gallery of the Trevnen Icon Painting School in the
Tsar's children's sanatorium, the Thracian sanctuary (IV century
BC), the Thracian rock sanctuary from the Early Iron Age - "Sechen
Kamak", the Kilia Caves inhabited in the II-I millennium BC, the
very nearby Bozhentsi, the village of Skortsite preserved icon
paintings by Zahari Zograf, the 12th century Strinava Fortress near
the village of Tsareva livada, the Dryanovski monasteries (12th
century) with the Bacho Kiro cave - 300 m from it, Kilifarevski
(1348) and Sokolski monasteries (1833), The Roman Transhemian Road
(III-IV centuries AD), etc.
Nightingale holidays
Festival "The Balkans sings and tells" is
held on a rotating basis in the Balkan cities of Elena, Dryanovo,
Kotel, Tryavna, Tvarditsa and Gurkovo.
Celebration of Baba Marta
Sports
The city's football team is called FC Tryavna.
A Kyokushin Karate sports club is also located and developing in the
city of Tryavna. The club is called SK Daimyo.
Herb mushroom soup
The people of Trevnen are proud that the
expression "as simple as mushroom soup" came from the method of
preparing this soup. It is prepared from several types of forest
mushrooms. Only rice (noodles), onion, taro (tarragon), ground black
pepper and salt to taste are added. By mixing several types of
mushrooms, a very spicy mushroom aroma is obtained, which is
preserved precisely by the lack of many spices. No fat is used.
The city is located in the valley extension of the Trevnenska Reka, at the northern foot of the Trevnenska Planina, 20 km east of the city of Gabrovo, 226 km from the capital Sofia, 152 km from Plovdiv, 259 km from Varna and 207 km from Burgas. The districts of the city are: Bozhkovtsi, Dimiev Khan, Kisiiska Mera, Radantsi, Svetushka, Stoyanovtsi, Hitrevtsi.
Thracian settlement
Highly cultural Thracian settlements are
evidenced by a Thracian sanctuary from the Hellenistic and Roman
eras in the town of "Elova Mogila" near the village of Popovtsi (now
the village of Chernovrakh). The sanctuary is located about 7 km
northeast of the city, on a clearly defined, dominating the
surrounding terrain hill. In plan, it is a circular stone structure
with a stone platform in the middle. It is connected with the cult
of the sun, worshiped by the Thracians in the 1st millennium BC and
its personification - the deity found in the written sources under
various names - Sabazius, Zagreus, Orpheus. The sanctuary was built
in the 4th century BC and lasted until the 1st century BC, when its
activity died down due to the Roman conquest of Mysia. The cult site
was revived in the middle of the 2nd century and functioned until
the second half of the 4th century. The majority of the finds
discovered during archaeological excavations are from this period.
The bronze bells predominate, which have a ritual purpose - through
their ringing, the aim is to attract the attention of deities and
the visitor to beg what he came for.
The Verey road
Later,
through the Trevna old mountain passes, the Roman road passed from
Diskoduratera (present-day Gostilitsa) through the mountain to
Augusta Traiana (present-day Stara Zagora), known among the local
residents as the Vereiska Drum - it connected the Danube through the
Roman provinces of Mysia and Thrace with the White Sea and
Constantinople.
In the time of Khan Krum
On the night of
July 25-26, 811, in the Trevnenski, Varbishki and Rishki passes of
Stara Planina, Khan Krum inflicted a devastating defeat on the
Romans and killed the Byzantine emperor Nicephorus.
During
the time of Asenevtsi
In 1190, here the Bulgarian kings Asen and
Peter defeated the troops of Emperor Isak II Angel in the battle in
the Trevnen Pass, who, after the Uprising restored the Bulgarian
kingdom, decided to wipe out Bulgaria again and embarked on a
large-scale campaign, which ingloriously ended after an unsuccessful
siege of Tarnovo with this defeat. After the victory, Tsar Peter
withdrew from the administration of the state and handed it over to
Tsar Asen I, and in honor of the great Bulgarian victory, the oldest
church in the city was built - "St. Archangel Michael". According to
legend, during the time of Tsar Ivan Asen II, above the nearby
village of Tsareva livada around Neychevtsi hamlet, there was the
summer palace of the tsar, from where "the royal sabers and other
royal things" were dug up. To this day, the place is called the city
and is a frequent object of mining raids. Again, according to the
legend, the horses of Asenevci grazed on the meadows in the slope
below the village. The name of today's Trevna village - Tsareva
livada - came from there. The plateau next to it is the historic
area of Strinava. It is more difficult to access and in the Middle
Ages it was fortified as a strategic stronghold. Today there are
preserved remains of fortress walls and foundations of buildings.
One of the fortifications found in the area - 2 km north of the
village of Tsareva livada - has been identified with the Strinava
(Kingdom) fortress, mentioned by Byzantine writers in connection
with battles that took place there. Here is the legendary place
where the brothers Asen and Peter were born to a Kuman mother and a
Bulgarian father, and later they asked the Byzantine emperor to
allow them to build their fortress, and his refusal gave the formal
occasion for the Bulgarian uprising, and after the victory, the
Asene people they often came to rest and hunt in Strinava, which was
their summer residence. Together with three more fortresses
belonging to the fortified area - Boruna, Kuklata and Kaleto - it
played an important role in the defense of the Second Bulgarian
State. Some of these fortresses have a triple row of walls up to 2
meters thick. Coins, arrows, spears, swords, a padlock weighing 13
kg were found in the vicinity. These are indisputable evidences of
an intense life. Around the Strinava plateau with an area of about
5-6 square kilometers, the area all the way to Tryavna abounds with
place names such as Tsar Asenik, Tsar Kaolyanik, Tsaryuvi bahchi,
Tsarskoto, Sternata, Tsar Asenova trail, the villages of Tsarevi
livadi, Kumani, Voynitsi, Skortsi and so called.
At the end of the 14th century, dramatic events occurred again, the
Turkish invasion reached the lands around the capital city. In 1393,
Tarnovo fell under Ottoman rule. Legends say that here and in the
surrounding villages, Velentsi (from "velya" - I command), Popovtsi (now
Chernovrakh) and Tsarevi Livadi, representatives of the spiritual clergy
and boyars who fled from Tarnovo settled. A legend written down by the
local teacher Hristo Daskalov tells of many boyars who sought refuge in
the Balkans, and many settlements in the area connect their origin and
their names precisely with these turning points in the history of the
Bulgarian people.
The oldest official information about Tryavna
is from the time of Ottoman rule - XV-XVI century. In the region of
today's city, a population from the surrounding highland settlements
settled, serving in the XIII-XIV centuries. the roads through the
mountain and ensured the security of the passes. Tryavna is structured
as a Derventji village of people performing paramilitary functions. This
state was regulated by a special Sultan's decree of April 8, 1565, in
which the name Tryavna was mentioned for the first time. The order says
that there is a place in the mountain called Tarnava, where it is
appropriate to establish a settlement, whose inhabitants, in return for
the duty of guarding and guarding the pass from robbers, should be
exempted from state burdens and customary levies. This provides
residents of Trevna with tax privileges and complete freedom.
In
the 16th and 17th centuries, Tryavna grew rapidly. Immigrants from
Odrinsko, Teteven, etc. are moving to the city. The lack of fertile
lands pushed people to seek other livelihoods and opportunities, such as
trade. Gradually, with hard work and enterprise, the inhabitants of
Tryavna developed and turned into their main livelihood the artistic
crafts of icon painting, wood carving, kazaslak, as well as muftachism,
kuyumjiism, gaitanjiism, construction, etc. In addition, until the end
of the 17th century, and later, the people of Trevna were engaged in
sericulture and rose production. The goods of the local artisans reached
the most distant markets of the Ottoman Empire, and even beyond its
borders - to Austria, Wallachia and Russia. The economic prosperity, the
abundance of stone and wood and the proximity to examples of Tarnovo
medieval art are the reasons for the birth of the oldest of the
Renaissance art schools in the city in the middle of the 17th century -
the Trevne school, which includes three main areas of artistic and
creative activity: icon painting , wood carving and construction. The
founder of the Trevnen Art School is Vitan Karchov, who worked in the
first half of the 17th century.
Participation in the struggles
for national liberation
Many people from Trevna join the struggle for
national liberation. They actively participate in helping the Russian
troops during the battles at Shipka - Sheinovo, many of them, like
Mincho Stari, are their scouts, guides in the mountains and suppliers of
food. Levski's associate, Angel Kanchev (1850 – 1871), was also born in
Tryavna. Vasil Levski himself visited the city several times to organize
revolutionary activities. Tryavna is among the settlements that took
part in the April Uprising. On April 25, 1876, a messenger from
Panagyurishte arrived in the city with a letter from the apostles of the
IV Plovdiv Revolutionary District, Georgi Benkovski and Zahari Stoyanov,
calling for an immediate rebellion. The local activists, led by the
chairman of the revolutionary committee, the painter Tsanyu Zahariev,
gathered a group of 50 people in ten days. Led by Voivode Hristo Patrev,
the insurgents captured the city on May 5 without encountering any
resistance. On May 9, the detachment, which had already grown to 110
men, confronted the Bashibozuk and regular army near the village of Nova
Mahala. Thanks to the chosen convenient position and their organization,
the people of Trevna managed to repulse the attacks of the Ottomans
three times. However, they experience problems due to hunger and
insufficient ammunition and decide to split up and retreat. Many of them
were captured and executed or sent into exile. During the Russo-Turkish
war of liberation from 1877-1878, more than 200 citizens of Trevan took
part.
Tryavna welcomed its freedom on St. Peter's Day 1877.
From the beginning of December 1892, the Petko voivode lived here as
an internee until the fall of Stambolov, after which on May 18, 1894 he
returned to Varna. The citizenry treats the voivode with deep reverence
and respect.
The people of Trevnen participated massively in the
five wars for the unification of Bulgaria, which were fought between
1885 and 1945.
Former artisan workshops grew into small furniture
and textile enterprises. In the second half of the 20th century, modern
enterprises for the production of woolen textiles, knitwear, furniture,
mechanical engineering and military production grew here. But the people
of Trevna have been making good use of the natural resources of their
beautiful region since the beginning of the 20th century. Tourism and
resort activities are developing in Tryavna. The first tourists in 1896
were greeted with a bit of distrust, but soon the spirit of modernity
and innate enterprise took over. In 1910, the Society for the Cultural
and Economic Upliftment of the Town of Tryavna was established, which,
together with the town administration, made great efforts to improve the
settlement and create amenities for vacationers who come here for the
beautiful nature and healthy Balkan air. In 1927, a book about the
Tryavna resort and postcards were published, a film about the nature and
sights of the city was also distributed. Thus, in 1937, Tryavna received
the status of a "rest place" by Order of the Main Directorate of Public
Health.
In 1963, Tryavna was officially declared a resort.
Trevna art school
During the Renaissance, an art school was
established in Tryavna. The founder of the Trevne art school is Vitan
Karchov, who worked in the first half of the 17th century. The Trevnen
School of Art is known mostly for its woodcarvers and painters.
The unique appearance of Tryavna is due to Neinat’s self-made
architecture, to the generations of mystory builders, they built a
church, a bridge, a school, they created an original and beautiful
Tryavna kashta. Vozrozhdensk street ensembles “Petko R. Slaveykov”
and “Asenevtsi”, in Kachaunskata mahala, have preserved their
authenticity and romance. Dvukatnye kashchi from the publishing
house of the street erkeri and wide eaves will attract admirers to
the native architecture. One of the most impressive and
representatives of the Tryavna family is Daskalovata. It was built
between 1804 - 1808, under the surname Daskalovi, and is a typical
example of early Renaissance housing architecture, combining utility
and originality in the exterior. Kashta ima is traditional and rich
in uredba. Nai-impressive elements in the interior of the sa,
rezbovani tavani in the two guests of the flock, from the form to
the slantsa - shedyovri on the Bulgarian darvorezba from the epohat
on Vozrazhdaneto. In the region, a pole of the Trevna family works
for the icon painter, which for two centuries has been creating
masterpieces for icon painting - thinning the type of renaissance
icon, combining tradition with medieval iconography and dogmatics,
and innovating in modern times - realism, spirituality, richness of
color tag. Tryavna icon painters swear by Tryavna with glory and
blyask, work and in the far-distant katcheta on the Bulgarian land,
prokarvayki by Tozi began to suggest to their own art to sarceto on
the habits of people. Trevnenskie rezbari pokrivat domovoi and
tsarkvi with graceful si darvorezba, sometimes strict and uniform
proportions on private and public sgradi, naysayy on tozi began more
than toplin and splendor in the interior. Maystori-builders,
rezbari, icon painters will achieve exceptional mastery and
virtuosity in their work, and this assertion is exceptionally high
and appreciating the prestige of Vozrazhdane. According to the
tsyalat of the Bulgarian lands, those lands create and leave behind
the generations inescapable material and spiritual values -
churches, manastir, icons, kashchi, schools, bridges, cheshmi,
cambanaria and nay-veche unique beauty. Prez 18th and 19th century
Tryavna has turned into a single center of culture from the
watershed in Bulgaria, a middle ground, in some way inherited from
the middle ages ce transformer in the beginning, is in line with the
new society and economic reality. Taka with time will be remembered
and Tryavna will be called “altan”, i.e. golden.
Among the
masterpieces on the ancient architectural heritage of the sa kashte,
grades from Dimitar Sergyuv. Kalinchevata kashta (1830), Dobrevata
(1834), Sergevat (1841), Raykovata (1846), Kirevata (1851), among
other architectural creations on the basis of the Tryavna builder.
Nai-typical and Khubavi specimens on the Tryavnenskaya kashta sa
Kalinchevata and Raikovata (monument on kulturat with national
significance). Look for a similar volume-spatial solution -
two-storey, with a representative facade, a street line; dukyan otkm
street; erkerno naddavane on the second floor, housing floor above
the first floor (something razchupva façade and mekchava strictness
on kashtata); golyam chardak on the second floor, the open room is
wide open courtyard.
In the year of alien dominion, the
tryvnentsi do not show themselves such talented maistori, but they
also organize such a native place, in some way they live, that until
today, wake up admiration and create a reason for national pride in
the architectural complex in the center of the city, including some
significant monuments on this is an art of construction, testifying
to the enterprising spirit of the trynovenets, striving for beauty
and self-expression.
In the center of Tryavna all over the
world there is only one reserved area in Bulgaria, with an adjoining
one near the fence. It is unique in terms of urban planning and
solution, which somehow allows you to gather for a multitude of
chorus on various occasions. Almost all fences, closing up the areal
space and imat whitewashing architecture. Buildings in different
times from different mystories, the talent for revival architecture
is undeniable. Dyado Nikola Square is very significant, unique and
dreadfully reserved for the vzrozhdenka square - an ensemble from
the reading of the chapel kula to the city, spomenavan and from
Slaveykov (which is the main reason for the pride of the
tryvnentsi), "Slaveykovoto (Staroto) Shkolo", from diasno to square,
a real art gallery and museum at the Tryavnaskat Rezbar school, from
the ancient church "St. Archangel Michael" before him, the street
and the old stone "Givgiren Bridge" (Garbavia Bridge), drawing the
charshiyat from the square.
Representative of the castle on
the square from the chapel kula e Tryavnenskoto school. Schools and
environments open secular schools in Bulgaria. Be active and
enterprising, try not to stay back from projecting ideas on
Vazrazhdaneto and with the efforts of the village community of
Tryavna, a city was built, in which it was organized from the first
secular school in Bulgaria, where teaching in modernist pedagogical
methods. It was built in the period of 1836 - 1839, the building was
taken out, on the right plan, from the premises from the
countryside, the yard was filled with negoli. Plant on the fence
like a manastirskite complex from the commodity of time. In the
early years of notoriety, he was beaten by the teacher golemyat
Bulgarian sings, writer, publicist, social and political activist
Petko R. Slaveikov. The house, in which the family used to live, is
now turned into a museum. Here is sezhda and negoviyat sin Pencho
Slaveykov - one from the best you can see Bulgarian sing and
cultural deutsi.
Harmoniously blended with the surrounding
architectural environment and appearance, a stone bridge was built
on Tryavna, built by Dimitar Sergyuv Prez in 1844-1845. It brings an
additional charge for the unique atmosphere in Tryavna.
Chasovnikovata kula (1814): “Send here the Tryavna sahat…” – the
chronicler of Tryavna pop Yovcho wrote down. The legend of the
story, so get permission from the Ottoman authorities for building
on the kulata, the jackets will shake it and they will refuse and
wear the traditional nakit for the head, sokay, resembling beautiful
royal tiaras. The watchmaker's mechanism was worked out and set up
in 1815 by the Gabrovskite maistori Kanyu and Genya Radoslavov. Dnes
Chasovnikovata Kula is one of the symbols of Tryavna. A slender
silhouette is stone, the syakash has remained imperishable for a
year, a bronze kambanaria looked up from the soil on the mountain,
someone’s kamban ringing the death of time and the belly of the
belly.
Seek in the architectural reserve sa saved the
authenticity and view from the Rezbarsk laborers and dukyans, and
twist sa from the stone of the shoulder. In the same style, and
Cherkvat na hail (as if I’ll cut the watchman’s kula).
The
beauty of this composition is setting the churches on the city. In
honor of the bitkat in the Tryavna passage, 1185, the church in
Tryavna was fenced - the church “St. Archangel Michael". Cherkvata
is an indivisible element from the composition to the old square
from the chapel kula. Data on the citizen is not known. Prez 1798,
the church was fired from kardzhaliite and re-renewed from the
previous prez 1819. In the plan, representing a tricorabna, a single
apse pseudo-basilica with a narthex. The icons on the temple and the
iconostasis were made by representatives of the Vitanovskata
surname, in the period 1820 - 1821.
Another town church e
"Saint Georgi". Churchvata is located in "Dolnata" waved at the
castle. It was built in the period 1848 - 1852 by the headmaster
Dimitar Sergyuv. The iconostasis on the temple was made by Dimitar
Doykovcheto - one of the most talented Trevna maistori rezbari.
Representatives on Vitanovskat surname write iconite, and mural sa
deed on zografi from Zaharievskat surname and surname on pop Dimitar
Kanchov.
Prez 1938 of the spouse of Tsar Boris III, Tsaritsa
Yoanna Daryava, sister-in-law Zestra for building the Children's
Tsar's Sanatorium for the treatment and prevention of white
diseases, which he opened the prez of 1943. In it, idvat and se
lekuvat and revitalize the child from all over the edge in Bulgaria
.
In the vicinity of the picturesque villages of Bozhentsi (Bozhentsi), Skortsite, Velentsi, Kumanite, Voynitsy, Popovtsi (Chernovrakh), Genchovtsi, Enchovtsi, Bozhkovtsi, Bizhevtsi, Radantsi, Plachkovtsi. The Balkandzhiite characterizes the humor of the region near Gabrovo and Tryavna Tsentar on the nay-zevzesh settlements of the names in Bulgaria, tuk sa: Dupinite (Nikolaevo), Sarbogzite, Gzurnitsite (Lyubovo), Prdlevtsi and Dupelite (sitting on the predhodnoto), Tarsigzi (Tarsiite, Andreevo) , Bag of Lies, Khitrevtsi, Kreslyuvtsi, Barbortsi, Kiselkovtsi, Mrazetsi, Trapeskovtsi, Svirtsi, Kisiytsyte, Malchovtsi, Bahretsi, Kartipnya, Parzhigrah, Bangeytsi, Chakalyte, Bardeni, Pobk, Vrabtsyte, etc. Near sa Varkhovete Golyam Bedek and Malak Bedek, parklisite and ekopitekite km vrah Bazovets and vrah Golyam Krastets, cave Zmeyuva dupka (Zmeeva, Zmeyova dupka) to the city of Tryavna and Marina (Parova) dupka at the village. Genchovtsi, National Natural Park “Bulgarka” with Vikanata Rock and Studiya Kladenets. The geographic center of Bulgaria - the locality of Uzan in the central Stara Planina is not very far away.
Kmetov from 1991
1991 - Ludmil Ivanov.
1995 - Todor
Sharlandzhiev (Pre-election coalition of the BSP, BZNS Aleksandar
Stamboliisky, PK Ekoglasnost) went to the first round with 62% cross
Nikola Bonev (SDS, NS-BZNS).
1999 - Stefan Danailov (ODS plus) won
the second round with 50% cross Todor Sharlandzhiev (BSP, PK
Ecoglasnost).
2003 - Stefan Danailov (Coalition "For Tryavna") wins
the second round with 60% cross Alexander Atanasov (BSP).
2007 -
Dragomir Nikolov (Initiative Committee) crossed Stefan Danailov
(Coalition "For Tryavna") with 51.98% in the second round.
2011 -
Dragomir Nikolov (KP Vazrazhdane) crossed Lyudmil Buchev (KP PROMYANA)
to the second round with 51.76%.
2015 - Doncho Zahariev ("GERB").
2019 - Silvia Krasteva (PP "VMRO - BND")
Community council
Dispute of the Law for local self-government and local administration of
the administration of the City of Tryavna was appointed by the mayor and
community council from the 17th councillor. For every four years, a new
communal council and committee has been elected, as a result of the
election of foresight for the year 2023.