Senj (Latin Senia or Segnia, Greek Athyinites (Αθυινιτες), German and Hungarian Zengg, Italian Segna) is the oldest city on the upper Adriatic, and was founded in pre-Roman times some 3000 years ago (Senia) on the hill Kuk. It was the main center of the Illyrian tribe of Japod. The current settlement is located at the foot of the slopes of the Chapel and Velebit. The symbol of the city, the Nehaj Fortress, also known as the "Nehaj Tower", is located on the hill Trbušnjak, often called Nehaj, was completed in 1558 and has been the seat of the Uskoks until they were expelled from the city in 1617 after that the Habsburg Monarchy made peace with the Venetians. It is located in Lika-Senj County, and also belongs to the Gospić-Senj Diocese and the Archdiocese of Rijeka (metropolis) within the Roman Catholic Church.
latnici who with their work and parts of Senj created
one of the most important foci of Croatian culture, which by its
importance stands alongside Dubrovnik.
Southeast of the city,
General Ivan Lenković built the massive fortress of Nehaj in 1558,
which dominates the landscape and from which a green grove and a
Greek well can be seen to the southeast. It is the so-called
Abbot's. It is assumed that the monastery of St. George, the patron
saint of the town of Senj, was located there in the 12th century.
At the beginning of the 16th century, refugees immigrated to
Senj from the areas conquered by the Ottomans, who together with the
people of Senj successfully fought against the Ottomans and later
Venice, and were called Uskoks. During the reign of Ferdinand III,
in 1652, Senj became a free city, and a century later it became part
of the Austrian Littoral as part of the Military Border until 1871,
when it was returned to Ban Croatia.
As a destination point
of Jozefinska cesta, Senj was the largest Croatian port until the
construction of the railway to Rijeka in 1873. Since that time the
glory of its economic importance.
Senj was fortified against
defensive walls during the 15th and 16th centuries before the
Ottoman threat, and the narrower town center was built with
recognizable coastal architectural features: narrow winding streets,
harmonious small shops and a series of houses with picturesque
details.
The castle with a cylindrical and quadrangular
tower, the former seat of the Frankopans and Senj captains, is
located on the square Cilnica - Velika placa. Of church
architecture, the Romanesque cathedral is significant, later
baroqued with a crypt and a new bell tower from 1900. Of the
Franciscan church from 1559, only the bell tower remained after the
bombing in 1943.
Nehaj
Fortress
City Museum, exhibition of sacral heritage
12th
century cathedral
City walls and defensive towers
Ožegovićianum, dormitory for poor students, founder Bishop Mirko
Ožegović
Bura, extremely strong and cold wind, they say that he
was born in Senj, lives in Rijeka, dies in Trieste
Remains of the
church of Sv. Francis, Uskok mausoleum, tomb of the Frankopan family
Church of St. Marija od Arta, the votive church of Senj sailors and
fishermen, models of ships
remains of the Senj tablet, around
1100, written in Glagolitic
monumental square Cilnica
city
port
Senj humor, the first and oldest humorous paper in Croatia
- Broom and schwacera, the official gazette of the current
masquerade government in Senj, the newspaper with the longest
continuity
The Great Gate, the end of Josephine Road and the
entrance to the City. They bear markings of the distance between
Senj and other cities expressed in German miles, adorned with the
crown of the Habsburgs.
Catacombs, tombs below the Cathedral
Uskočka street, a beautiful, untouched example of medieval
architecture
The bell tower of the cathedral, the highest bell
tower in the Gospić-Senj diocese and the entire Rijeka metropolis
Sacral heritage, a collection of portraits of bishops of Senj from
the 16th to the 20th century, a collection of books (incunabula), an
exhibition of gold and silver, the bishop's staff of Bishop
Christopher, a collection of furniture and Mass vestments, and
others.
City Museum
Sundial built on the Adriatic highway in
the northern part of the city due to the fact that the city of Senj
lies on the 45th parallel
Pijavica Cave is one of the two caves
in Croatia where the effect of blueness has been observed
In the
old church outside the city there is a relief plaque on which is the
Aragonese coat of arms of Princess Louise of Aragon, wife of
Bernardin Frankopan.