Třešť (German: Triesch) is a town located in the west of Moravia,
in the central part of the Vysočina region. It lies on the Třešť
brook, which is a right-hand tributary of the river Jihlava, 13.6 km
southwest of the regional town of Jihlava and 11.5 km northeast of
the town of Telč. The altitude of the town is between 540 m above
sea level (Třešťský stream) and 600 m above sea level (near the
chateau).
The origins of the city, which has a population of
approximately 5,700, date back to the 13th century. The first
written mention dates from 1349. Třešť is known today mainly for its
nativity scenes. The historic core is a city monument zone.
The neighboring villages of the seat are Otín, Suchá, Dolní Cerekev,
Hodice, Batelov, Jihlava, Růžená, Panenská Rozsíčka, Jezdovice,
Kostelec, Pavlov and Vílanec.
Parish Church of St. Martin
Church of St. Catherine of Siena
Lock
The former synagogue
Jewish cemetery
Monument in the
Prison Yard
J. A. Schumpeter's birthplace, Třešť Nativity Museum
Cemetery Chapel
Marianum
Stations of the Cross - Calvary
Baroque sculptures on the Embankment
Třešť is located in the Jihlava district of the Vysočina Region. It
is located 16 km southwest of Jihlava, 8.5 km west of Stonařov, 13 km
north of Telč and 7.5 km southeast of Batelov. Geomorphologically, the
area is part of the Czech-Moravian subprovince, specifically Křižanovská
vrchovina and its sub-unit Brtnická vrchovina, within which it falls
under the geomorphological district Otínská pahorkatina. The average
altitude is 545 meters. The highest point, Velký Špičák (734 m above sea
level), lies north of the city. To the west of the city are Trojanův
kopec (608 m), Lovětínský vrch (617 m), Kaz (638 m) and Na písku (616
m), to the north Malý Špičák (673 m), Velké javoří (679 m) and Jelení
skok (657 m) and to the east, Masterský kopec (699 m), Šejby (678 m) and
Farský les (655 m).
The Třešťský stream flows through the city,
on its course in the southern part of the city lies the Vaňovský pond,
into which a nameless stream flows from the east, on which the Střelecký
pond and the Vymvejr pond are located. The Valcha stream flows into the
Vaňovský pond from the west, strengthened by the water of the Valcha and
Korečník ponds. A nameless stream flows into the Třešťské stream in the
northern part of the city from the right, on which there is a system of
ponds - Horní, Štrění and Dolní Obora, Komora and Stupník. The northern
edge of the cadastre reaches the Jezdovický pond, through which the
Třešťský stream flows. The western edge of the cadastre passes the Sovův
potok with the Sovovka pond. The Lovecký stream flows through the
southeastern part of the cadastre, on which there are ponds Jezírko,
Stonařovský rybník, Radkovec, Lovetínský rybník, Okrouhlice, Duchák and
Petrchák.
The Třeště cadastre includes the Velký Špičák national
nature reserve with the protection of the original woody composition of
the forest and the Rybníky V Poustích natural monument. There are a
number of memorial trees in Třešt and its immediate surroundings - the
40-meter Buk nad myslivnua (200 years old), where there is also a row of
11 yew-leaved Douglas firs. Another four Douglas firs (Douglasky u
křížku) grow in the forest 700 m southeast of the Velký Špičák
elevation. The 33-meter-tall Douglas fir stands 100 m from the Radkovec
pond in the Poustě forest complex, where there is also a 29-member stand
of summer oak. There are 24 of them also growing on the left side of the
road from Jezdovice to Třeště. To the east of the Třešť-Stonařov road
around the city reservoir to the forest under Jelení skok stands a row
of 20 summer and winter oaks. An avenue of 179 trees grows between the
gas station northeast of Špičák hill and the intersection of forest
roads, among which are winter, summer and red oaks and hornbeam. Two
white fir trees grow in the forest on the north bank of Lovetín Pond in
Poustice. A small-leaved linden stands in the courtyard of Agrozet. A
25-meter large-leaved linden tree grows at the crossroad opposite the
agricultural cooperative on the road to Čenkov. In the row of trees east
of the castle park, there is a 31-meter large-leaved linden tree called
"u Ovčačka". The row of trees on the Stations of the Cross includes 10
trees – a large-leaved linden, a small-leaved linden and a white birch.
A 45-meter tall spruce grows at the crossroads of the forest paths to
Otova Dvor and Špičák, another spruce is located near the pond near
Otova Dvor, behind which stands "Smrk na Šumperk" on the cadastre.
The name evolved from the variant Triesc (1349), Trzest (1355), Trzyestye, Trzestye and Trzest (1358), Trzesty (1385), Trzesczy (1406), from Strzesstye (1447), Třešczi (1490), Trzesstcze (1493), Trzesst (1513), from Trzesscze (1528), Trisch (1555), to Trzesstij (1571), to Tržessti (1593), Tržesstie (1596), Drisch and Tresst (1633), Triesch (1678, 1718, 1720), Trisch (1751). from the personal name Třešek or its diminutive Třěs.
The parish village of Třešť was founded in the 13th century, but
the first written mention of Třešť dates back to 1349. In 1872, the
first Czech bourgeois school in Moravia was founded in Třešť, and in
1901 Třešť was elevated to a town. At the end of the Second World
War, there was an uprising here (it took place from May 5 to May 7,
1945), which was suppressed by an SS unit and then 57 local citizens
were executed.
Buková and Jezdovice became local parts of
Třeště on April 1, 1980, then Panenská Rozsíčka, Třeštice and Růžená
were added to the city as local parts on January 1, 1986. On the
contrary, Růžená became independent on February 27, 1990, and
Jezdovice, Panenská Rozsíčka and Třeštice became independent on
December 31, 1991. In 1998, the city was granted the right to use
the city flag.
Owners of the Třešť estate:
1358–1493 The
Šternberks
1493–1626 Wencelík family
1626–1657 Herbersteins of
Carinthia
1657–1669 Gayers of Edelbach
1669–1831 Herbersteins
of the Austrian line
1831–1844 estate under official
administration
1844–1945 The Sternbachs
In the years
2006–2010, Ing. Vladislav Nechvátal, since 2010 this function has
been performed by Ing. Vladislav Hynk.
A legend about the
founding of the city
Once a knight and his servants rode through
this country. He was looking for a place for his new settlement.
Back then, the woods were still deep and seemed endless, and perhaps
that contributed to the knight and his party getting lost in the
woods. Since the knight was already quite tired, he decided to take
a short rest at a forest well under a stout oak tree. When the
knight fell asleep for a short while, he had a strange dream about a
beautiful fairy who had a basket in her hand and was scattering
little houses from it over the countryside. Then when the knight
awoke, he remembered his dream and thought that perhaps it was a
sign. So he decided to establish a village in this place. Around the
oak, under which he fell asleep, he had the forest cut down and
built the first house in the village from the oak itself. And in
memory of his dream – his mere crackling, he named it Tree.
(cracking - dreaming)