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Kurgan is the administrative center of the Kurgan
region. In accordance with the decision of the Kurgan City Duma
dated September 16, 2009 No. 255 "On the date of foundation of the
city of Kurgan", the date of foundation of Kurgan is considered to
be 1679. Previously, 1662 was considered the date of foundation of
Kurgan.
It is believed that the settlement was founded by the
peasant Timofei Nevezhin. The first name - Tsarevo Settlement - the
settlement received on Tsarevo mound. In the 20th century, the mound
was unearthed by an expedition led by the Ural archaeologist
Konstantin Salnikov. It was established that the mound belongs to
the III-IV centuries AD. e., was a grave that was first plundered
shortly after the burial, and by our time almost nothing remains.
In 1695, the settlement was moved 8 miles downstream of the
Tobol and received a new name - Tsarekurganskaya
(Tsarevo-Kurganskaya) settlement. On December 19 (30), 1782, by
decree of Empress Catherine II, the Kurgan Sloboda became the city
of Kurgan.
On February 6, 1943, the Kurgan region was formed,
Kurgan became its administrative center.
On June 14, 1982, by
the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR,
Kurgan was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor in
connection with the 200th anniversary of obtaining city status and
for success in the national economy.
House of Trans-Ural Masters (1906, architect
Vanyukov), ul. Klimova, 47
House of Foreign Monopoly (1900), str.
Kuibysheva, 139
House with mezzanine, ul. M. Gorky, 80
Dom
Andreeva (1900), ul. Sovetskaya, 88
Dom Ikonnikov (late 20th
century), str. Sovetskaya, 123
Dom Babykina (photo #1), she is
Kuibysheva, 65
Vasilieva's house (here in 1917-1920 was the Kurgan
Revkom), ul. Sovetskaya, 104
House of lawyer Gladkova (1907/08), ul.
Sovetskaya, 66 k1
Dom Danilushkina (1892), str. M. Gorky, 170
Dom
vracha Derzhavina (b. 20th century), ul. Sovetskaya, 149
Dom Dunaeva
M.M. (1895), he Kuibysheva, 46
Dom kuptsa Duranova, ul. Klimova, 50
Dom Ikonnikov (late 20th century), str. Sovetskaya, 123
Dom
Kargapolova V.M., str. Gogol, 23
Korniltseva's House (beginning of
the 20th century, the Kurgan Komsomol organization was founded here in
November 1919), str. Sovetskaya, 81
Dom Kochesheva A.I. (1900), it is
Sovetskaya, 92
House engineer F.F. A master, he is. Pushkina, 85
Dom Decembrist A.E. Rosena, she is. Sovetskaya, 67
Dom Rylova (1885),
str. Sovetskaya, 95
Dom kuptsov Smolinykh (1880s), st. Kuibysheva,
122
Dom Stevena so skladom (1880), st. Sovetskaya, 98
Dom kuptsa
Shilova, ul. Kuibysheva, 58
Dom Shubskogo G.P., str. Sovetskaya, 22
Dom Yudina K.A. (here in 1923 Kurgan pioneer organization was
established), ul. Kuibysheva, 67
Fire station No. 9 (1881), str.
Kuibysheva, 62
Pray
Orthodox
Cathedral of St. Alexander Nevsky,
st. Volodarsky, 42
Church of the Epiphany, st. Klimova, 3
Church
of the Epiphany, st. Pushkina, 2a
Church of St. Trinity, st.
Chernyakhovsky, 191
Church of St. Spirit, trans. Small, 12
Church
of the Port Arthur Icon of the Mother of God, st. Yastrzhembskogo, 41a/1
Church of St. Serafim Sarovsky, st. Gogol, 128/1
Muslims
Cathedral Mosque, st. Siberian, 2/2
Old Believers
Prayer
house, Sovetskaya, 22
Jews
Community, st. M. Gorky, 35
Baptists
Light of Truth, st. Lermontov, 8a
Word of Life, st.
Shevchenko, 7
Seventh Day Adventists
Church, st. D. Poor, 15
Mormons
Community, st. Sukhe-Bator, 6a
Evangelists
Community, ave. Mashinostroiteley, 38
Go to the museum
House-Museum of V.K. Kuchelbeker, st. Kuibysheva, 19
House-Museum of
the Decembrists, st. Klimova, 80a
Kurgan Regional Museum of Local
Lore, st. Pushkin, 137
Kurgan Regional Art Museum, st. M. Gorky, 129
Aviation Museum, st. Gagarina, 41
Museum of the history of the city,
st. Kuibyshev, 59
Museum of the History of the RNC WTO G.A. Ilizarov,
st. M. Ulyanova, 6 k2
Regional cultural and exhibition center, st.
Gogol, 30
Go to the theater
Kurgan State Drama Theatre, st.
Gogol, 58
Puppet theater "Gulliver", st. Soviet, 104
Philharmonic,
Trinity Square, 1
By plane
Kurgan Airport (Kurgan International Airport IATA: KRO,
ICAO: USUU), st. Gagarina, 41d. ☎ 8(3522) 478–333. At the beginning of
2018, flights are operated only from Moscow.
By train
The
railway station is located in the city center.
Highways:
Trans-Siberian Railway: Chelyabinsk - Kurgan - Petropavlovsk
(Kazakhstan) - Omsk
Yekaterinburg — Kurgan
Kurgan - Troebratsky
(Kazakhstan) - Novoishimsky (Kazakhstan)
By car
On the highway
M51 "Irtysh" (Chelyabinsk - Kurgan - Petropavlovsk (Kazakhstan) - Omsk)
On the highway P345 (Ekaterinburg - Kurgan)
On the way Tyumen -
Isetskoye - Belozerskoye - Kurgan
On the road Kostanay (Kazakhstan) -
Ubagan (Kazakhstan) - Zverinogolovskoye - Kurgan
By bus
Bus
station, Sobanin Square, 1. ☎ +8 (3522) 458533. 5:30–23:00. Located in
the city center next to the train station. From the Kurgan bus station
there are daily flights to Tyumen, Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Surgut,
Khanty-Mansiysk and many other cities. Also from the bus station you can
go to Koltsovo, Balandino or Roshchino airports.
On the ship
The Tobol River is not navigable.
Public transport is developed in the city of Kurgan. The city is covered by a network of bus routes.
The Kurgan brewery produces beer drinks of both common brands, such
as Zhigulevskoye, as well as local brands Kurganskoye, Isetskoye, Vaclav
Gampl.
Cheap
Cafe "Pancake Pan" Also in the city, mainly at
large bus stops, there are stalls selling fast food.
Doshevo
Ivango (2600-2800 rubles), Kuznetsova, 6
Aquatoria
(1800-2700 rubles), st. Pugacheva, 108
Atrium (2200-3300 rubles), st.
Pushkina, 83a
Atrium-2 (1700-2500 rubles), st. Dzerzhinsky, 41
Visit (900-1600 rubles), ul. Sovetskaya, 39
Dvoryanskaya (2000-3400
rubles), ul. Sovetskaya, 71
Zer Gut (1400-3000 rubles), ul.
Traktovaya, 4p
East House (1500-2500 rubles), street Ordzhonikidze,
34 k2
Comet (550-3500 rubles), ul. Omskaya, 171b k1
Kurgan
(1500-3800 rubles), prospekt. Constitution of the USSR, 52
My cozy
house (1500-4000 rubles), ave. Constitution of the USSR, 31a
Moscow
(3 ***, 900-4300 rubles), ul. Krasina, 49
Na Shorsa (1200-3500
rubles), ul. Shorsa, 92
Omichka (1500-2900 rubles), ul. Omskaya, 145
Profsoyuznaya (4 ****, 700-1500 rubles), ul. Gogol, 153
Sibir
(1200-2500 rubles), ul. Omsk, 171 p
Traktir on Dvoryanskoy (2500-2510
rub.), st. Sovetskaya, 123a
Tri bogatyrya (1500-1510 rub.), prosp.
Constitution of the USSR, 25a k2
Flora (1350-1950 rubles), street
Nekrasova, 53 k5
Akva Vita (1200-2600 rubles), ul. Tsiolkovsky, 63 k5
Family (1500-3900 rubles), street Suhe-Batora, 8/1
Hostel (700-1000
rubles), st. Karbysheva, 52
XXX (950-1250 rub.), str. Gritsevtsa, 10a
7 i Ya (1700-3500 rubles), str. Omsk, 140
Average cost
Academy
(2400-7000 rubles), ul. K. Myagotina, 100
Zauralye (2500-5000
rubles), ul. R. Sorge, 110
Cosmos (2700-7900 rubles), ul. Gagarina,
41 p
Lyubimaya (4 ****, 3000-5000 rubles), ul. Nekrasova, 24
Nostalzhi (3000-4000 rubles), ul. Volodarskogo, 37
Nostalzhi
(3000-5000 rubles), ul. Sovetskaya, 72
Slavyanskaya (3 ****,
4000-6700 rubles), ul. Pushkina, 185
Expensive
Paddock (4
****, 2,500-9,000 rubles), str. Omskaya, 82a
Avenue Park (4000-9000
rubles), ul. K. Marksa, 58/1
mobile connection
tele2 (Formerly "South Ural Cellular Phone"
(YuUST), later "Utel" later "Rostelecom").
MTS
Vimpelcom (Beeline)
Megaphone
motive
The city of Kurgan is one of the twenty criminal cities in Russia, 17th place (2008) - data from the Center for Economic Research RIA-Analytics.
It is mentioned in the middle of the 17th century as the Tsarevo Settlement Settlement, it is also Kurganskaya Sloboda, Tsarevo-Kurganskaya Sloboda or Tsareva Sloboda. The names are based on the mound located six miles from the settlement, which was called Tsarev mound for its size. In 1782 the settlement was transformed into the county town of Kurgan.
XVII-XVIII centuries
The journal "Science and Life" in No. 6
for 1978, referring to the "Complete Collection of Laws of the
Russian Empire", refers the founding of the city to 1553. According
to the book "Lists of populated places of the Tobolsk province" of
1904, Kurgan was founded in 1633. In the 1960s, the date of
foundation was considered to be 1662: on December 1, 1962, the 300th
anniversary of the founding of the city was celebrated in Kurgan. In
1982, the date of foundation was considered to be the assignment of
city status in 1782: on June 14, 1982, Kurgan was awarded the Order
of the Red Banner of Labor, in honor of the success of Kurgan
machine builders and in connection with the 200th anniversary of the
city. In accordance with the decision of the Kurgan City Duma dated
September 16, 2009 No. 255 "On the date of foundation of the city of
Kurgan", the date of foundation of Kurgan is considered to be 1679.
It is believed that the foundation of the settlement was laid by
the peasant Timofei Nevezhin, who cut down a hut for himself on the
banks of the Tobol near the ancient mound. The first settlers were
drawn to the picturesque bank of the river and the fertile land.
Soon a prison and a settlement grew up. The first name - Tsarevo
Settlement - the settlement received on Tsarevo mound. In the 20th
century, the mound was unearthed by an expedition led by the Ural
archaeologist Konstantin Salnikov. It was established that the mound
belongs to the III-IV centuries AD. e., was a grave that was first
plundered shortly after the burial, and by our time almost nothing
remains. During its history, the city burned to the ground many
times and was reborn anew. Since the 1660s, it has been constantly
listed in historical documents. In July 1691, the steppes attacked
the settlement, partially burned it and took many prisoners.
In 1695 the settlement was moved 8 versts downstream of the Tobol.
The documents use both the name "Tsarevo Settlement" and "Tsarev
Kurgan", which are synonyms. In 1738, in connection with the
construction of the Ishim defensive line, the fortification was
abolished. In the parish registers of the Church of the Nativity of
Christ located in the settlement, the name Tsarevo Gorodische
(Tsarevogorodishchenskaya Sloboda) is used until 1775, since 1776 -
Kurganskaya Sloboda. On December 19 (30), 1782, the Kurgan Sloboda
became the city of Kurgan.
19th century
In 1804-1898, the
city of Kurgan was the administrative center of the Kurgan district
(Kurgan district) of the Tobolsk province (in 1822-1882 it was part
of the West Siberian Governor General). At the beginning of the
century, the first educational institution, the first city hospital,
a fire station with an observation tower were opened in the city.
Given the remoteness from the center of Russia, the city was
used by the authorities as a place of exile. Over time, the city
becomes a center of trade in agricultural and livestock products
(bread, lard, meat, butter, leather). Industry was represented
mainly by enterprises processing agricultural raw materials. In 1856
there were 3576 inhabitants in Kurgan, two stone churches, seven
stone houses. At the end of the century, a telegraph station, the
first photographic institution, an insurance company, an orphanage,
a doss house, a canteen for the poor were opened.
Since June
2, 1898, the city of Kurgan has been the administrative center of
the Kurgan district of the Tobolsk province (since April 5, 1918 -
the Tyumen province; the White Guards, who took power in the
province in June 1918, used the old administrative division). With
the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway, the city began to
grow rapidly. In May 1894, a telephone was set up for the needs of
the city police.
From 1900 to late 1930s
At the beginning
of the 20th century, workers' strikes took place in the city, the
Kurgan branch of the RSDLP was founded. Later, the leadership of the
department will be arrested. Cinemas are founded and closed after a
while. On April 15 (May 1), 1914, the first power plant was put into
operation.
In connection with the outbreak of the First World
War, all German and Austrian citizens living in the city were
arrested. By 1917, the population of Kurgan numbered about 40
thousand people. The city was a developed industrial and cultural
city. There were 49 enterprises with 6,000 workers; There were two
hospitals with 100 beds. Education was provided by men's and women's
gymnasiums, parochial and vocational schools, county and parish
schools. A public library was opened, which was visited by more than
a thousand people. There was also a theater, a circus, two electric
theaters (cinemas), five photographs, two printing houses, and two
bookstores.
On November 23, 1917, the Kurgan Soviet of
Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies seized power in the city. On
December 1, 1917, the newly elected executive committee issued a
second decision on the taking of power by the Soviet. After that,
the Socialist-Revolutionaries and Mensheviks withdrew from its
composition.
On May 28, 1918, the Bolsheviks created a
military headquarters to organize the defense of the city from parts
of the Czechoslovak Corps. On June 2, fighting began and by the
morning of June 3, about 150 Reds surrendered, the rest fled. All
members of the executive committee were arrested. On August 13, the
city was occupied by units of the Siberian Volunteer Army.
Exactly one year later, the combined cavalry detachment of the 3rd
Army of the Red Army under the command of N. D. Tomin defeated the
units of the Russian army defending the city. Within a year, Soviet
power was finally established. Due to the unstable political and
economic situation, many enterprises and factories suffered, and
fires were not uncommon. The main part of the industry was restored
only after a few years.
On August 27, 1919, the Kurgan
district from the Tyumen province was transferred to the Chelyabinsk
District Administration as a provincial body subordinate to the
Siberian Revolutionary Committee. On November 3, 1923, the Ural
Region was formed, including the newly formed Kurgan District. On
January 17, 1934, the Kurgan region became part of the Chelyabinsk
region. Since June 29, 1940, Kurgan has been a city of regional
subordination.
The Great Patriotic War
In the first years
of the Great Patriotic War, twenty-two evacuated enterprises were
located in the Trans-Urals and began to work. Along with them
arrived about one hundred and fifty thousand people of the evacuated
civilian population from the Ukrainian SSR, the Byelorussian SSR and
the western regions of the RSFSR.
On June 22, a rally was
held at which the teams of the machine plant and the meat processing
plant decided to go to work on Sunday and transfer all the money
earned to the country's defense fund. Many enterprises of the city
joined the action in the future. During the year, five hospitals
were organized for combatants. The 32nd training reserve ski
regiment and the 165th rifle division were formed. On the territory
of the Kurgan airport of the civil air fleet, the 73rd training
squadron of the Civil Air Fleet, formed at the end of 1940 (since
1943 - the Kurgan Aviation School of Civil Air Fleet Pilots), was
based. The school has trained over 1000 pilots to replenish the
flight personnel of the Red Army Air Force. Initially, in 1941, the
Luginsk military school of aircraft mechanics was relocated to the
same place. However, due to the lack of premises in July 1943, the
school of aircraft mechanics was transferred to the city of
Shadrinsk, where by that time the Tambov Red Banner Cavalry School
named after. 1st Cavalry Army and the Moscow Red Banner
Military-Political School. IN AND. Lenin. In 1942, the Stalingrad
Military Tank School arrived in Kurgan, which was stationed in the
city until July 1944. In less than two years of its activity in the
evacuation, the educational institution has trained more than two
thousand tank officers for the front.
On February 6, 1943,
the Kurgan region was formed from thirty-two districts of the
Chelyabinsk and four districts of the Omsk regions, Kurgan became
its administrative center. On its territory there were 478
industrial enterprises, 2010 collective farms and state farms. In
September, regional radio began broadcasting.
Postwar decades
On March 24, 1947, the Council of Ministers of the USSR adopted a
resolution "On measures to improve the urban economy of Kurgan." It
was of great importance for the development of the city, and it was
in 1947-1952 that the current look of the city center was formed.
On July 15, 1960, the television center was put into operation,
the first programs of Central Television went on the air. In 1962, a
new city development plan was approved, providing for its expansion
to 275,000 inhabitants.
On February 11, 1971, the first BMP-1
rolled off the KMZ assembly line. The plant staff was awarded the
Order of the Red Banner of Labor. In 1983, the plant switched to the
production of the BMP-2 and its modifications. In 1987, production
of the BMP-3 began, which had been adopted by the Soviet army a year
earlier.
On June 14, 1982, by the Decree of the Presidium of
the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Kurgan was awarded the Order of the
Red Banner of Labor in connection with the 200th anniversary of
obtaining city status and for success in the national economy.
post-soviet time
In March 1998, the modern coat of arms and
flag of the city were adopted.
In 2008-2013, CHPP-2 was under
construction.
Kurgan is located in the central part of Eurasia, 1973 km east of
Moscow.
Geographical coordinates: 55°27′ north latitude, 65°20′
east longitude. Height above sea level - 75 m.
The city is
located on the West Siberian Plain along the banks of the Tobol (mainly
on the left (northern) bank).
The geographical position of the
Kurgan is extremely advantageous and, over the course of history, has
favorably influenced the development of the city. The main transport
routes from European Russia to Siberia (the Trans-Siberian railway and
the Irtysh federal highway) pass through Kurgan.
Kurgan, like the entire Kurgan region, is located in the MSC + 2 time zone. The offset of the applicable time from UTC is +5:00[11]. In accordance with the applied time and geographic longitude[12], the average solar noon in Kurgan occurs at 12:39.
The climate of the city is temperate, according to general
characteristics it belongs to temperate continental (transitional from
temperate continental to sharply continental), characterized by features
characteristic of the forest-steppe zone of the entire Southern Urals
(with cold winters with little snow and hot dry summers). The Ural
Mountains, preventing the passage of humid air masses, increase the
continentality of the climate. A characteristic feature of the climate
is insufficient moisture with recurring dryness. South and southwest
wind prevails. Strong hurricanes also happen: August 26, 2007, June 14,
2010, April 7, 2020, October 26, 2020.
The absolute minimum air
temperature of -47.9 °C was in January 1943 and February 1951, the
absolute maximum of +40.5 °C was in July 1952. The driest year was 1910
(152 mm of precipitation) and the wettest was 1938 (583 mm of
precipitation); in August 1899, 87 mm of precipitation fell in a day.
The earliest snowfall was on the night of September 20-21, 1977, with a
snow cover of up to 9 cm; the earliest snowfalls were on September 21,
1956 and September 24, 1954. The latest snowfall was on June 6, 1992,
the thickness of the cover reached 10 cm.
Rivers
Rivers flow through the territory of Kurgan
Tobol
Chernaya (Zaykovo microdistrict, Zaozerny, Severny, Ryabkovo districts)
Middle Utyak (east of the Shepotkovo microdistrict)
Most of the lakes are the oxbow lakes of Tobol.
Orlovskoye
Reservoir - west of the Energetiki district
Bezdonnoye - southwest of
the Energy District
Bityovka (old woman of Tobol) - north of the
modern channel, in the area of the Central Park of Culture and
Recreation. 50th Anniversary of October (TsPKiO)
Vaskovo - west of
the Shepotkovo microdistrict
Blue Lakes (an artificial reservoir, a
recreation area popular with local residents) - north of the Ryabkovo
district
Goreloye - northwest of the Zaozerny district
Istok (old
woman of Tobol) - Tyunin highway
Levashovo - north of the Zaozerny
district
Small Karaulnoye (the Tobol oxbow lake) - south of the
modern channel, in the area of the Youth Residential Complex (MZhK)
"Solnechny Boulevard"
Nanaevo (old woman of Tobol) - south of the
modern channel, in the Western area
Novosevernoye (actually 2 lakes
connected by a channel) - Severny district
Tobolnoye - north of the
Poplar microdistrict
Usovo 2nd - south of the Utyak microdistrict
Black (popular name: "Glass") - Zaozerny district
Chigirim (old woman
of Tobol) - south of the modern channel, in the area of the Zatobolny
microdistrict
Noise - northeastern part of the city
Swamps and
other bodies of water
Swamp Ostrovskoe - west of the Zaozerny
district
Bog Hollow - between the lakes Small Karaulnoye and
Tobolnoye
The main harmful substances in the atmosphere of Kurgan are soot and
formaldehyde.
According to experts, about 65 thousand tons of
production and life waste are dumped into the Kurgan waters every year.
The problem of waste disposal in Kurgan is very acute. Only 30 small
enterprises in the Trans-Urals are engaged in this type of activity. A
small positive shift in this area was the opening of Medical Waste
Management Center LLC. About 50 tons of medical waste is generated per
year.
The situation with municipal solid waste (MSW) in the city
of Kurgan: the only Shukhov landfill meets all the standards and
requirements for these types of facilities under the legislation of the
Russian Federation and is included in the unified state register.
The description of the coat of arms of the city reads: “In the green
field of the heraldic shield on the silver ground, there are two silver
barrows (hills), while the left one arises from the right one.” Shield
holders: an azure marten with a golden muzzle, chest and the same
tongue, holding a banner with the coat of arms of Kurgan in 1785, a
composite shaft (green and silver), a spearhead, fringe and cords with
tassels - gold; and a black sable with a scarlet tongue, having a golden
crown with five pointed visible teeth around its neck, holding a similar
banner with the coat of arms of Kurgan in 1878; foot - two green mounds
(hills). The heraldic shield is crowned with a gold tower crown with
five teeth with three teeth on each tooth and is supplemented with a
ribbon of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. The motto: "To life" -
is inscribed in black letters on a silver ribbon. The heraldic right
side is to the left of the viewer, the left side is to the right. On May
15, 2003, the coat of arms of the city of Kurgan was entered into the
State Heraldic Register of the Russian Federation.
The flag of
the city of Kurgan is a rectangular panel, the width and length of which
are related as 2:3, divided horizontally into two equal stripes (from
top to bottom) - emerald (green) and white (approved on July 18, 2001).
In the roof of the flag (in the upper corner of the flag near the
flagstaff) on an emerald (green) strip there is a mound emblem, composed
of two equal white hills, one after the other - the right one comes out
from behind the left one. The image of mounds (hills) is stylized: each
of them is an isosceles triangle with a base 2/9 of the length of the
flag and a height of 1/6 of its width. The triangles are separated by an
emerald (green) outline 1/60 of the flag's width in such a way that the
common base of the mound emblem is 1/3 of the flag's length. The
conditional rectangle into which the barrow emblem fits is 1/9 of the
length of the flag from the staff, and 1/6 of its width from the top
edge of the flag.
In 2015, the city budget received 4904.8 million rubles of income.
Budget revenues increased by 9 million rubles, which is 0.2% more than
in 2014. At the same time, tax and non-tax revenues amounted to 2170.0
million rubles, which is 285.1 million rubles or 11.6% less than in
2014.
The amount of personal income tax received by the city
budget (1,241.0 million rubles) is 25.7 million rubles, or 2.1% more
than in 2014.
The city budget expenditures amounted to 4887.8
million rubles, which is 1% less than in 2014. The largest share of
expenses was spent on housing and communal services (11.4%, an increase
of 35.1% due to an increase in expenses for the resettlement of citizens
from emergency housing stock), national issues (7.0%, an increase of
3.5%) , social policy (6.4%, an increase of 6.2%).
In 1900, 321 workers worked at 46 enterprises in the city. With the
construction of the railway across Kurgan and the influx of population,
its role on the scale of the whole of Siberia increased dramatically,
the importance of local industry rose, trade expanded, and a working
class appeared.
The most important sectors that determine the
development of the industrial complex are mechanical engineering and
metalworking, electric power, and the medical industry. The city has
such machine-building enterprises as:
"Kurgan Bus Plant" (buses),
"Kurgan Machine-Building Plant" (BMP-2, BMP-3),
"Kurgan plant of road
machines" (road construction and municipal equipment),
"Kurgan
trailers" (light trailers),
"Kurgan Electromechanical Plant" (oil
transformers, photorelay),
"Kurganselmash" (milking machines),
"Kurgankhimmash" (equipment for oil and gas, nuclear and other
industries),
"Corvette" (oil and gas equipment),
"Kurganpribor"
(electrochemical protection equipment),
"Kurgan Cable Plant"
(heat-resistant oil submersible cables),
"Kurgan Plant of Electrical
Products" (electrical products),
"Kurgan Hardware Plant" (bolts,
nuts),
"Kurgan Valve Plant" (pipe fittings),
"Kurgan plant of
non-standard equipment" (drilling machines, snow and swamp vehicles),
"Kurgan Machine-Building Plant of Conveyor Equipment" (belt conveyor);
metalworking - "Kurganstalmost" (bridge metal structures);
metallurgy
- "Zauralsky Forging and Foundry Plant" (caterpillars and parts for
tractors and combines);
medical - "Synthesis" (drugs), LLC
"Velpharm";
power industry:
Energokurgan (transmission and
distribution of electrical energy),
"CHPP-1" (production of thermal
and electric energy),
"CHP-2" (production of thermal and electric
energy).
Light and printing industries are developed in the city.
The largest enterprises in the food industry:
"Kurgan Winery"
(cognac),
"Kurgan Yeast Plant" (dry yeast),
"Zauralskie drinks"
(beer, mineral water),
"Digidon" (juice),
"Kurgan Meat Processing
Plant"
"Bakery No. 1",
"Milk of the Trans-Urals".
Kurgan is a major transport hub of the Russian Federation, the
federal highway M51 Irtysh passes through the city, connecting the
cities of Chelyabinsk, Omsk and Novosibirsk. The P327 highway connects
Kurgan with Kostanay, and the P354 highway connects with Yekaterinburg.
There is a developed suburban and intercity bus service. The
Trans-Siberian Railway passes through the city, connecting the cities of
Moscow, Chelyabinsk, Omsk, Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk and Vladivostok.
There is currently no navigation along the Tobol River, which flows
through the city, but on May 19, 1871, the steamship "Blagodat" from
Tyumen arrived in Kurgan.
Passenger air transportation from
Kurgan is carried out through Kurgan Airport, located on the eastern
outskirts of the city. Regular airlines have been operating in the city
since May 15, 1940. In 2007, the Russian Ministry of Transport and the
Federal Air Transport Agency allowed Kurgan Airport to receive
foreign-made Airbus and Boeing aircraft. In 2011 Kurgan Airport served
33,400 passengers. In addition, 27 kilometers from the city there is a
sports airfield Lagovushka.
Kurgan is a major railway junction of
the Ural Federal District. Central and Prigorodny railway stations
operate in the city. Kurgan is the center of the Kurgan region of the
South Ural Railway, a branch of Russian Railways OJSC. The project of
the railway Chelyabinsk - Kurgan - Petropavlovsk - Omsk - Novonikolaevsk
- Krasnoyarsk - Vladivostok was approved in 1890. Railway lines passing
through Kurgan provide a link between Central Russia and the Urals and
Siberia. A branded passenger train "Zauralie" runs between Kurgan and
Moscow. The passenger traffic of the Kurgan railway station is about 5
thousand passengers a day.
On the territory of the city is the
Kurgan bus station. Suburban, intercity and interregional buses depart
daily from the bus station. By bus from Kurgan you can get to
Chelyabinsk, Tyumen, Yekaterinburg, Tobolsk, Surgut, Priobye,
Khanty-Mansiysk, Nizhnevartovsk, Ishim, Kostanay, Rudny, Pavlodar,
Sibay, Nizhny Tagil, Shadrinsk, Shumikha and other cities.
Kurgan
bus is one of the types of public transport in the city of Kurgan. Until
March 2007, the operation of the city bus system was carried out by
MPGPT - the Municipal Enterprise of City Passenger Transport,
established in December 1992 as a result of the merger of
Avtokolonna-1855 and MUP Trolleybus Administration. The fleet consisted
of buses Ikarus, LiAZ, LiAZ, LAZ, KAVZ, MARZ, Mercedes-Benz, Hainje, Den
Oudsten, Setra, Scania. The busiest routes were served by buses
Ikarus-280.33. In addition to regular routes, there were express routes
that duplicated regular routes, but at the same time had fewer stops. In
early 2006, the MPGPT was declared bankrupt. Since 2007, the routes
previously served by MPGPT have been replaced, and the routes have been
transferred to the enterprise OAO RegionAvtoTrans-Kurgan, which replaced
the MPGPT, but existed until 2009 and was also closed due to the lobby
of owners of private minibuses interested in obtaining profitable
routes. Since 2009, all city routes have been given to private carriers.
In 2021, the public organization Union of Transport Workers of the
Kurgan Region began to work actively, it included most of the major
carriers of the administrative center. On the basis of the Union,
carriers were able to form a unified position on issues of interaction
with civil society, local governments, regional and federal authorities.
The Kurgan trolleybus is one of the former types of public transport
in the city. On November 24, 1965, the first trolleybus line was opened
in Kurgan. On the same day, 4 ZIU trolleybuses entered the line,
carrying the first passengers along the KZKT-Khimmash route. It was from
that time that regular trolleybus traffic began in Kurgan. By the
opening of the trolleybus traffic in the city, two traction substations
with a capacity of 3600 kW were built. The length of the contact network
was 26.4 km. The trolleybus fleet consisted of 10 cars. The movement was
carried out along three routes: "KZKT - Khimmash", "KZKT - EMI", "KZKT -
KSM". In the 1980s, new trolleybus lines were introduced that connected
the city center with the outskirts. So, traffic was launched to the
Sintez plant, to Marshal Golikov Avenue, to the airport and to the
village of Sirenevy. On April 29, 2015, the trolleybus traffic was
closed due to the shutdown of the main substation and the bankruptcy of
the enterprise, and in September 2016, the contact network was
completely dismantled and the rolling stock was disposed of.