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Hotels, motels and where to sleep
Ukhta (Komi Ukva) is a city (since 1943) in the Komi Republic of the Russian Federation. It forms urban district "Ukhta". It is the second largest city in the republic. Russia's first oil production began on the Ukhta River.
State Museum "Nature of the Earth", opened April 30, 1948; the museum
has a large collection of fish, shellfish and insects; the founder of
the museum was Kirill Fedorovich Sedykh;
Ukhta Regional History
Museum of Oil and Gas (Mira Street, 5b) with the office of A. Ya. Krems
(Krems Street, 3);
The complex of exhibition halls of OOO Gazprom
transgaz Ukhta (Prospekt Lenina, 50), opened on November 14, 2003;
Museum of memory of the Chernobyl disaster April 26, 1986.
Ukhta People's Drama Theater directed by Vera Mikhailovna Goy
(founded in 1934);
Theater-studio "Frescoes" (at Ukhta State
Technical University);
Ukhta Exemplary Theater "Rovesnik";
Theater
Studio "Friendship".
Surrounded on all sides by the spurs of Timan, Ukhta is beautiful in
its own way, especially that part of the city that was built in
1952-1958 according to the designs of imprisoned architects P. K. Murzin
and N. P. Zhizhimontov. The ensemble of Mira Street and the
neighborhoods adjacent to it, called the “Old Town” by the residents of
the city, captivates with its warmth, architectural unity, color scheme,
its special inclusion of architectural details, landscaping and
landscaping.
Separate buildings and structures fit into the
development of Ukhta as beautiful monuments: in 1946, according to the
project of L. I. Konstantinova, a mining and oil technical school was
built, in 1949, according to the project of N. F. Rybin, a railway
technical school.
According to the projects of N.P. Zhizhimontov
and P.K. Murzin, the Office of the Ukhtkombinat (1950) was built on the
sharp corner of Oktyabrskaya and Pervomaiskaya streets with a rotunda
and pylons, the Central House of Culture of Oil Workers (1951). In 1953,
according to the project of A.F. Orlov, the building of the city
executive committee was built with columns in the center and risalits on
the sides of the facade.
The building of the Palace of Science
and Technology (architect O. G. Ni) became one of the best built in
Ukhta at the beginning of the 21st century.
Sports and physical
culture
Swimming pool "Youth";
Swimming pool "Planet University";
Sports complex "Neftyanik";
Sports complex "Burevestnik";
Sports
complex "USK Ukhta";
Sports complex "Center of power sports of Ukhta"
TsVSU "";
"Ice Palace of Sports" named after S. Kapustin;
Municipal Institution "Sports School No. 1";
Municipal institution
"Sports School No. 2".
sports teams
MFC "Ukhta";
BC
"Planet-University".
Rocky outcrops of the Timan Ridge with remains of vegetation and
relic insects along the banks of the rivers Ukhta, Sedyu, Domanika,
Chuti.
Outcrops with minerals and fossils of the Devonian,
Carboniferous and Jurassic periods on the Ukhta, Domanik, Chut, Sedyu,
Syuzyu, Izhma, Badioli rivers.
Karst (karst hollows, sinkholes, caves
and disappearing rivers and streams) on the Timan, on the Chuti, Sedyu,
Izhma, Ukhta, Ukhtarka rivers.
Ukhta geological monument, created on
March 29, 1984. It is located along the Ukhta River from the Sirachoy
tract to the mouth of the river. The sediments of the lower part of the
Ukhta Formation of the Frasnian Stage of the Upper Devonian are
limestones and dolomites with interlayers of clays, siltstones, less
often sandstones. Has scientific value.
The Lyayolsky geological
monument is located in the middle reaches of the Lyayol River and in the
lower reaches of the Sedyu River - the left tributaries of the Izhma
River. The primary outcrops of the Frasnian stage of the Upper Devonian:
the Lyayolskaya suite, are represented by Domanik-type limestones,
bituminous marls. A unique co-occurrence of deep sea and normal marine
fossil fauna: ammonoids, brachiopods, ostracods, conodonts, spores and
pollen.
It has exceptional scientific value.
Neftyolsky geological
monument, established on March 29, 1984. It is located on the right bank
of the Ukhta River between the mouths of the Neftiel Creek and the
Yarega River. The stratotypical section of the Timan Formation of the
Upper Devonian is represented by variegated clays with thin lenses and
interlayers of organogenic limestone. Rich complex of brachiopods,
pelicepods, gastropods, ostracods, conodonts.
Chutinsky geological
monument, created on March 29, 1984. It is located on the right bank of
the Ukhta River near the mouth of the Yarega River, on the right bank of
the latter, 1 km from the mouth and on the left bank of its tributary,
the Chut River, in the area of the bridge. The section of the
stratotypical Upper Devonian Ust-Yarega Formation is represented by
deposits of greenish-gray clays with interlayers of knotty organogenic
limestones. A rich complex of fossil fauna of marine organisms:
brachiopods, ostracods, corals, etc.
The Chutinsky complex reserve
was established on October 24, 1967 to preserve favorable conditions for
the reproduction of valuable game animals. It is located in the upper
reaches of the Chut River, the left tributary of the Ukhta River. Spruce
and pine forests, bilberry, long moss and sphagnum forests predominate.
There are larch-blueberries. The height of the stand is 12–18 m, maximum
up to 30 m, the average diameter of pine is up to 22, spruce is 20–24,
larch is up to 24 cm.
Belaya Kedva, a complex reserve. It is of
particular value; multiple populations of rare species of plants,
lichens, vertebrates and invertebrates have been found on its territory.
Paraskina lakes, Ukhtarka, Ukhta, lake Ust-Ukhta.
Mineral springs
with healing water located near the city.
It arose in 1929 as a settlement of oil workers at the confluence of the Chibyu River into the Ukhta River and was first called Chibyu. In 1939, the village was renamed Ukhta, since 1943 - the city. The hydronym Ukhta has an ancient Finno-Yropian origin, as evidenced by the widespread use of the names "Ukhta" and its variant "Okhta" in the hydronymy of the North of the European part of Russia. Apparently, there was a term "Ukhta", meaning "river, channel".
In the Middle Ages, the lands of the current Komi Republic were part of the possessions of the Novgorod Republic, at the end of the 15th century they were transferred to the Moscow principality. The most important commodity exported outside the territory was furs. Due to the harsh climate and the lack of year-round communications, the territory remained sparsely populated for a long time, although oil finds here were known as early as the 15th century.
In Russia, the
first written mention of obtaining oil appeared in the 16th century.
Travelers described how tribes living along the banks of the Ukhta
River in the north of the Timan-Pechora oil and gas province
collected oil from the surface of the river and used it for medical
purposes and as oils and lubricants. Oil collected from the Ukhta
River was first delivered to Moscow in 1597.
The beginning of
the Ukhta oil fields, located on the Ukhta and its tributaries
Chuti, Yareg, Nizhny Domanik, Chibyu and Lyayol, was laid in the
1620s.
In 1745, the ore prospector G. I. Cherepanov “found”
an oil spring that flowed from the bottom of the river. Probably, on
its basis, the Arkhangelsk ore prospector Fyodor Savelyevich
Pryadunov founded the oil field. In 1745, the Berg Collegium,
established by Peter the Great in 1719 to manage mining, allowed the
foundation of the first oil "factory" in Russia on Ukhta, which in
1753 passed to the Vologda merchant A. I. Nagavikov, and then to the
Yaren merchant M S. Bazhenov.
Oil was
extracted periodically by scooping from the river surface and from
coastal pits. The annual collection ranged from 0.1 tons (1749) to
0.86 tons (1758). In total, up to 1767, 3.6 tons of oil were
produced. In 1748, oil from the Ukhta River was delivered to Moscow,
where it was distilled in the laboratory of the Berg Collegium.
In the 19th - early 20th centuries, most of the territory of the
current urban district was part of the Pechora district of the
Arkhangelsk province.
In 1868, at the expense of M.K.
Sidorov, the drilling of a well began, which was continued in
1872-1873 to a depth of 52.9 m. universities, museums, was used for
experiments, as fuel on steamships intended for sailing along the
Pechora River and the seas of the Arctic Ocean.
Revival came in 1907, when Captain Yu. A. Voronov drilled a well on
the Yarega River, and General A. I. Abakovsky and others on the
Chuti River.
In 1911-1913, an exploration expedition of the
Mining Department led by engineer V. I. Stukachev worked at the
Ukhta oil fields. She drilled 4 wells, along with oil received an
influx of gas.
In 1914, A. G. Gansberg created the so-called
Varvara field, where he drilled, produced oil and built an oil
refinery (kerosene) plant, which operated until 1924.
In
1914-1917, exploration was carried out by the Russian partnership
"Neft".
In 1918, the Ukhta oil fields were nationalized.
In 1920-1921, the Arkhangelsk Provincial Council of the National
Economy organized and established artisanal oil production from
wells.
During the years of Soviet power, with the formation
of the Komi Autonomous Region, the main part of the territory of the
region was part of the Pechora District, and when the Komi
Autonomous Region was zoned in 1929, these lands entered the
Izhmo-Pechora Region, then - Izhemsky. On July 31, 1939, the
Izhemsky District was divided into the Izhemsky and Ukhtinsky
Districts.
In 1929, the OGPU sent a large expedition to Ukhta. From
Arkhangelsk, the expedition arrived by sea on a steamboat at the
mouth of the Pechora, then by river boats to the village of
Shchelyayur, and then to the village of Izhma, where the equipment
was again overloaded, and the expedition set off up the Izhma and
Ukhta rivers.
On August 21, 1929, the expedition, which
included 125 people - prisoners (political, criminals, "household
workers"), dispossessed, exiled, civilian workers, security guards -
arrived at the mouth of the Chibyu River.
The construction of
the village began, which received the name Chibyu (since 1939 -
Ukhta).
By the time the expedition arrived, there were only
two old buildings on the shore. A 12-hour working day was introduced
without days off, logging for buildings was carried out, a telephone
line was laid to Ust-Ukhta.
In October and December 1929, 2
more stages of prisoners arrived, and by the beginning of 1930,
according to the Ukhta local historian and historian A. N. Kaneva,
there were about 200 people here. For six months, 2 barracks, a
kitchen, a punishment cell and other buildings were erected. In
November 1929, the camp power structure took shape; Ya. M. Moroz was
the head of the camp point. In official documents, the Chibyu Labor
Colony was called the Base of the Ukhta Expedition of the OGPU.
In October 1929, a prominent geologist N. N. Tikhonovich arrived
in Ukhta. The expedition drilled several shallow structural wells.
By the spring of 1930, a drilling rig (No. 5) was built. In the
autumn of 1930, the well produced a commercial flow of Devonian oil.
At the same time, a chemical laboratory was built 20 km from
Chibyu (now the village of Vodny), in which radioactive water,
natural and associated gases, and drilling processes were studied.
As a result, in 1931, it was possible to organize a fishery, in
which radium concentrate for the first time in world practice began
to be extracted from underground mineralized waters (the fishery was
called Water Fishery; later the word “fishery” fell out of use, the
settlement became known as the Water Village, and then officially -
the village of Vodny).
Soon the construction of the
Ust-Vym-Ukhta highway with a length of 260 kilometers was begun,
then the Kotlas-Vorkuta railway. Ukhta oil received access to the
industrial centers of the country.
On June 6, 1931, on the
basis of the Ukhta expedition of the OGPU, as a result of the
reorganization of the Administration of the Northern Camps of the
OGPU for Special Purposes (USEVLON, USLON, SEVLON), Ukhtpechlag was
created. According to the book by Algirdas Sherenas "Vorkuta death
camps", the head of the "Stalin camps of the Komi ASSR", the number
of UHTPECLag is about 90,000 people.
In 1932, a small power
plant was built to illuminate the village, the first school for
civilian children was opened, a working camp for special settlers
and colonized people was laid, a state farm 1 km from the mouth of
Chibyu (in Ydzhyd).
In 1936, Chibyu had two-story wooden
houses for civilians and colonized, barracks for prisoners, a
school, an educational building and a hostel for a mountain
technical school, a theater club (a theater troupe of prisoners was
organized in the camp), a park with a summer theater, a department
store, a stadium, canteen, hotel, water supply, sewerage, radio
network operated.
In 1937, there were 1,220 civilian
employees in Chibyu. On October 26, 1938, the village of Chibyu in
the Izhemsky district of the Pechora district of the Komi ASSR was
transformed into a working settlement; the camp authorities gave way
to the leadership of the civil administration.
1939-2008
In 1939-1940, according to A. Sivkova, the leadership of the Komi
ASSR put forward the idea of moving the capital of the republic from
Syktyvkar to Ukhta, 333 km northeast of Syktyvkar, in order to bring
the republican authorities closer to the northern regions, the
development of which was actively carried out in this time; it was
assumed that the transfer of the capital would contribute to the
"further advancement of culture to the north." The arrangement of
the new capital of the Komi ASSR was to be carried out in 3 years by
the forces of prisoners gathered from all the camps of the republic.
The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR postponed
consideration of this proposal until 1941, and the outbreak of war
prevented the implementation of the plan.
In the prewar
years, the first heavy oil mine was built at the Yaregskoye field.
Significant reserves of natural gas have been explored at the
Sedyolskoye field. In 1941, for the first time in the country,
industrial gas production began, as well as the industrial
production of channel soot at a plant near the village of Krutoy
(now the village of Verkhneizhemsky, Sosnogorsk district).
On
November 21, 1943, the working settlement of Ukhta received the
status of a city.
After the war, the oil and gas and
processing industries, the building materials industry and the
construction industry developed rapidly. Pipelines were built to
deliver oil and gas.
In 1959, the first large-panel house was
built.
At present, Ukhta has a developed industrial
potential, a diverse and well-studied resource base, its economy is
characterized by the predominance of processing industries, and a
well-developed industrial infrastructure.
How to get there
By plane
Daily negotiable flights from
Vnukovo airport. Weekly turnaround flight from Pulkovo on Wednesday.
By train
From Yaroslavsky Station of Moscow in the direction
of Vorkuta. The distance is about 1500 km. Travel time is 27 hours.
By bus
Intercity Bus Station, 169300, Komi Republic, Ukhta,
ul. October, 24. 24. +7 (8216) 76-34-96. There is a bus service in
the following directions:
Ukhta-Syktyvkar
Ukhta-Troitsko-Pechorsk
Ukhta-Vuktyl
Ukhta-Nizhny Odes
Ukhta-Voyvozh
Ukhta-Cheboksary
Ukhta-Kirov
On the ship
The city is located on the banks of two small rivers Ukhta and
Chibyu, therefore there is no sea and river traffic.
Average cost
Hotel Timan, 169300, Ukhta, st. Lenin, 4. ☎ +7
(8216) 745-986.
Hotel Chibyu, 169300, Ukhta, st. Lenin, d.38. ☎
+7 (8216) 727-830.
Hotel Severny, 169300, Ukhta, st. 30 years of
October, d. 27. ☎ +7 (8216) 750-995.
Hotel "On October", 169300,
Ukhta, st. October, the house. 23. ☎ +7 (8216) 74-00-44
Tele2, Megaphone, Beeline, MTS
Located in the central part of the Komi Republic.
It borders
on the districts and districts "City of Sosnogorsk", "Izhemsky
District", "Knyazhpogostsky District", "Ust-Kulomsky District",
"Ust-Tsilemsky District", "Kortkerossky District".
It stands on a
gently sloping, hilly plateau, dissected by rivers and streams of the
Izhma River basin. The largest tributaries of the Izhma are the Ukhta,
Sedyu, Tobys, and Kedva rivers. Watershed spaces are swampy.
The
urban area lies on the watershed and in the valleys of the Ukhta River
and its tributary Chibyu within the lower part of the Timan Ridge, 314
km northeast of Syktyvkar.
Ukhta has a continental subarctic climate with long cold winters and
short warm summers. Compared to areas at a similar latitude, winters are
less extreme, but still much longer than summers and very cold by
European standards. The city of Ukhta is equated with the regions of the
Far North. The climate of the Ukhta region is temperate continental. The
average annual air temperature is minus 1.1 °C with the amplitude of
average monthly values being 22–23 °C. Summer is warm, but not hot - the
average monthly temperature of the summer months is plus 12-15 ° C, the
warmest, July - plus 15.7 ° C. The average temperature of the winter
months varies from minus 13 to minus 17 °C, while the coldest month,
January, is minus 17.3 °C.
The duration of the heating season is
261 days a year.
The average long-term precipitation is 700 mm,
of which 30% falls on the cold season, 70% on the warm season (24 mm -
minimum, observed in February; 64 mm - maximum, in August and
September).
Snow cover appears on average in the first decade of
October. The formation of a stable snow cover is observed in the last
week of October, and its destruction, on average, falls on the last week
of April. The final snowmelt occurs in mid-May. The average number of
days with snow cover is 188-193 days.
The depth of soil freezing
is up to 2.0-2.1 m; no permafrost.
On average, there are 32 foggy
days per year.
Unfavorable and dangerous weather phenomena:
snowstorms, thunderstorms, hail and ice. On average, there are 43 days
with snowstorms, 17-19 days with thunderstorms, and up to 55 days with
icing of all types per year.
The basis of the city's economy is the gas and oil industry.
Ukhta
is located within the Timan-Pechora basin, an important oil and gas
producing region. Oil fields are located south of the city. Some of the
Ukhta oil is processed locally, but most of it is transported via
pipelines to refineries between St. Petersburg and Moscow. The main
sectors of the economy are the oil, woodworking and metalworking
industries. Since the 1990s, several gas pipeline explosions have
occurred at a distance of eight kilometers from the city.
TPP "Lukoil-Ukhtaneftegaz" is the largest oil and gas production
enterprise in the south of the Timano-Pechora oil and gas province, part
of LLC "Lukoil-Komi"
The northern branch of OOO
Lukoil-Severo-Zapadnefteprodukt is the largest branch of OOO
Lukoil-SZNP, which operates 88 filling stations in four constituent
entities of the Russian Federation: in the Komi Republic, the
Arkhangelsk Region, the Nenets and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrugs.
LLC Lukoil-Ukhtaneftepererabotka (Lukoil) with a processing capacity of
3.2 million tons of oil per year.
OOO Gazprom transgaz Ukhta is a
subsidiary of Gazprom PJSC.
Transneft North JSC Transneft PJSC
(Usa-Ukhta Main Oil Pipeline) End facilities of the Ukhta-1 oil pumping
station - Ukhta PSU (Ukhta-Yaroslavl Main Oil Pipeline)
LLC Gazprom
Pererabotka is an enterprise for the complex processing of gas and gas
condensate
Ukhta Experimental Mechanical Plant
Ukhta clay brick
factory
Railway station as part of the Sosnogorsk branch of the Northern
Railway
Ukhta airport. Commercial passenger transportation is carried
out by the airlines Severstal, Komiaviatrans, UTair.
Buses - urban,
suburban, intercity routes.
Intercity buses run from the city: Ukhta
- Syktyvkar, Ukhta - Kirov, Ukhta - Ufa, Ukhta - Cheboksary, Ukhta -
Nizhny Odes, Ukhta - Vuktyl, Ukhta - Troitsko-Pechorsk.
Suburban
buses: Ukhta - Sosnogorsk, Ukhta - Yarega, Ukhta - Shudayag, Ukhta -
Borovoy, Ukhta - Vodny, Ukhta - Sedyu, Ukhta - First Vodnensky dachas.
Ukhta - Irayol - Izhma, Ukhta - Izhma - Ust-Tsilma.
The designers
of the new general development plan propose to introduce trolleybus
traffic in the city.
Mobile communications operators MTS, MegaFon, BeeLine and Tele2 form
the basis of mobile communications. The entire territory of the city and
nearby villages has good 3G coverage. The city has cable TV and
high-speed Internet from GSP, high-speed Internet, telephone and digital
TV from Rostelecom, high-speed Internet from Centr.LAN.
Monitoring and environmental protection
Regular observations of the
chemical composition of precipitation in Ukhta began in June 1992.
The acidity of precipitation, measured in total average monthly
samples, in 1992 in Ukhta was 6.5 (the norm is 5.7).
The average
annual value of sediment mineralization in Ukhta in 1993: sulfates -
20.14 mg/l; carbonates - 28.49 mg / l.
Emissions of pollutants
from stationary sources in Ukhta in 1993: sulfur dioxide - 0.708;
solids, 2.129; carbon monoxide - 3.734; nitrogen oxides - 5.429;
hydrocarbons - 79.772; in total - 110,641.
Federal state budgetary healthcare institutions in the Komi Republic:
City Hospital No. 1, located in the suburban village of Shudayag
(formerly Sangorodok)
Ambulance Substation
Children's City
Hospital
children's Hospital
Republican Center for Eye
Microsurgery
Ukhta Physiotherapy Polyclinic (formerly Mud Bath)
City polyclinic (two buildings in Ukhta - "Polyclinic No. 1 and No. 2" +
women's consultation - a division of the city polyclinic, Polyclinic No.
2 - Yarega village, Polyclinic No. 3 - Vodny village)
dental clinic
Ukhta interterritorial maternity hospital
Dermatovenerological
dispensary
Ukhta blood transfusion station
Ukhta
Psychoneurological Dispensary
Ukhta psycho-neurological boarding
school
General and additional education
The education system of the
municipality of the city district "Ukhta" is represented by various
types and types of educational institutions:
43 preschool
educational institutions
1 primary school-kindergarten
2 primary
comprehensive schools: one in the village of Yarega, the second - a
non-state school for disabled children named after. Trokhanovich
1
non-state basic comprehensive school "Rostok"
1 basic comprehensive
school in the village of Yuger
3 lyceums: technical lyceum named
after G. V. Rassokhin, humanitarian and pedagogical lyceum, lyceum of
information technologies.
1 gymnasium – Gymnasium of foreign
languages
3 secondary schools with in-depth study of individual
subjects
17 secondary schools
1 evening (shift) general education
school
1 special (correctional) general education school of the VIII
type
1 municipal educational institution for children in need of
psychological and pedagogical and medical and social assistance "Center
for Psychological and Pedagogical Rehabilitation and Correction";
3
institutions of additional education: the center of young technicians in
Ukhta, the children's art center, the center of children's creativity
named after G. A. Karchevsky;
I and II children's music schools,
children's art school;
Sanatorium boarding school No. 4 village.
Shudayag
More than 10 thousand people study in educational
institutions.
Technical schools and schools
Ukhta Industrial
and Economic Forest College
Ukhta Medical College
Ukhta College of
Railway Transport
Ukhta Mining and Oil College
Ukhta Industrial
College
Ukhta Pedagogical College
Training and production center
of OOO Gazprom transgaz Ukhta
Higher education
Ukhta State
Technical University - founded in 1958 as an educational and consulting
center of the Moscow Institute of Petrochemical and Gas Industry named
after I.M. Gubkin