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Yakutsk (Yakut. Dyokuskay) is a city in the Russian Federation, the capital of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). It forms the urban district of the city of Yakutsk. It is the third city of the Far Eastern Federal District in terms of population (after Vladivostok and Khabarovsk). Yakutsk is the largest of the cities located in the permafrost zone.
Yakutsk was founded by the Yenisei centurion Peter Beketov on September 25, 1632. A detachment of Cossacks under his leadership laid the Lensky burg, only in 1647, renamed Yakutsk, 70 km north of the modern location of the city, on the right bank of the Lena River. One of the most important outposts of Russia in Eastern Siberia, Yakutsk became the trade and administrative center of the region, the base for numerous reconnaissance and, later, scientific expeditions of researchers from the Far East and the Far North. In 1822, Yakutsk acquired the status of a regional city, in 1851 it became the center of the Yakutsk independent region with the rights of a province. Since then, Yakutsk has been the permanent capital of the Yakutsk region, since April 27, 1922, the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, and since April 27, 1992, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Today, Yakutsk is a major administrative, industrial, cultural and scientific center, one of the most dynamically developing cities in the Far East.
By plane
Tuymaada Airport, st. Gagarina, 10. ☎ + 7 (4112)
14-006 (paid number). Regular direct flights from Moscow, St.
Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk, Khabarovsk and other
large cities of the country are being made to Tuymaada airport.
There are weekly international direct flights from Harbin (China).
Regular flights within the republic are also made in remote ulus
(district) centers. The new terminal was built in 2012.
The
airport is located within the city, adjoins from the northeast.
In winter, in Yakutsk there is often fog, sometimes lasting
several days or even weeks. The airport can be closed as a result,
or flights can be detained for several hours. Although Russian
airlines really land in a surprisingly poor visibility, sometimes
the conditions are so bad that even Russian pilots will not try to
do this. Often, passengers flying to Yakutsk find themselves instead
in Magadan or some other city, sometimes for several days. The
airline’s staff, as a rule, will be extremely useless in providing
information about when you can continue the flight to Yakutsk, and
they will not offer accommodation in the hotel or food to passengers
who were on thegorue. It is advisable to have at least some
emergency money with you in case you are stuck somewhere.
You
can get from the international airport to the city center at one of
the buses No. 4, 5 and 20 (30-40 min).
You can get to the
city center by taxi (15-20 minutes), and by buses No. 3, 4, 5, 20
(30-40 min.). The cost of a taxi to the city center is 250 rubles
(2017).
The airport is notable for the small but interesting
Museum of Aviation of Yakutia here. The flying people should take
into account that the departure zone is significantly larger and
more comfortable than the common entrance hall. It makes sense to
quickly go on an inspection and spit the time before the gate. At
departure there is an express coffee house, a cafe, a few good
souvenir kiosks.
Airport Magan, s. Magan, st. 40 years of
Victory, 1. ☎ +7 (4112) 406-404. Flights are made from the Magan
internal airport to ulus (district) centers, private aviation is
also based here. The airport is behind the city. You can get to the
city center by taxi (30-40 minutes), and by bus "Yakutsk-Magan"
(60-70 min)
By train
Since the end of July 2019, Yakutsk
was connected to the Russian railway network.
Nizhny Bestyakh
Station (Lower Bestykh Station). It stands on the right bank of
Lena, from the center of Yakutsk about 25 km, that is, you need to
cross Lena and take a bus/taxi to the station.
After Tynda
there is neither a compartment nor SV, only a reserved seat. This
train is usually very crowded. There are flights only to Tommot and
Neryungri, from where it will be necessary to transfer to another
train to the right cities.
Railway Tickets for any direction
in Russia (including the departure stations Tomotrot or Neryungri)
can be purchased in advance in Yakutsk in the railway The box office
of the Main Agency of Air Communications, which is located on the
street. Ordzhonikidze, 8. Or on the website of the railway roads of
Yakutia.
By car
The only year -round road connecting
Yakutsk with the outside world is the main federal road A360 Lena
Nevor -Yakutsk. The road has a gravel, in places improved cement, a
coating with a width of the carriageway of 7 m. The road takes place
in an eternal permafrost through almost the entire length. On the
highway there are numerous small rivers and lakes. More than half of
the bridges on the road are low -water, wooden with a lifting
capacity of less than 60 tons. In 2006, the track was recognized as
the worst road in connection with the deplorable state. In recent
years, the situation has been corrected, reconstruction work has
been underway, but still during rains in some places the road
becomes difficult in some areas (especially on the Uluu
-Kakachatsy). In the last section of 12 km - Nizhny Bessyak -
Yakutsk - passing through Lena, in the summer it runs with steam, in
winter they establish an ice crossing. In the offseason (May and
October) there is no passage.
By bus
Bus station, October
24. Mar 2016 Edit
Intercity Flight buses go to Yakutsk several
times a week from the railway Neryungri Stations (18-20 hours on the
road) and Aldan (12-14 hours on the road). There are also private
minibuses that run between cities as passengers fill.
Ship
River Station, Novoportovskaya, 1. ☎ +7 (4112) 49-65-51
Regular passenger flights from the Yakutsk Report are made in
Olekminsk, Lensk, Zhigigansk, Khandygu and several other ulus
(district) centers of Yakutia. Navigation on the Lena River begins
in mid -May (an interesting fact: the townspeople learn about the
beginning of navigation by the raised flag on the Lensky Shipping
Company building) and ends by the end of September. There is no
regular passenger message outside the republic, but there are
flights to Ust-Kut (Irkutsk region), where there is a railway
terminal. Active freight navigation through the North-Loast Ocean in
the ports of North-West Russia-Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, the so-called
Northern Formation. It should be remembered that the North Formation
is exclusively cargo, it is not allowed to take passengers
officially.
By bus
The main type of public transport. More than 20 routes
cover almost all areas of the city. There are suburban flights to nearby
settlements (departure from the bus station). The cost of the fare and
baggage transport in the city is fixed - 33 rubles. (January 2022).
Payment is made at the entrance. Children under 5 years of age are free.
By taxi
Many taxi services with calling on the phone. The cost is
not fixed, depends on the length of the route. The average cost of a one
-way trip within the city line is 160-200 rubles. It is possible to rent
a taxi with hourly payment - an average of 400 rubles/hour.
Yakutsk is a cradle for a taxi call
Indriver.
Available for iOS
and Android platforms. Yandex.Taxi also works in the city.
Architectural complexes and monuments
Old city. Reconstructed in
the architectural style of the XIX century. The city district is located
in the very center of Yakutsk and is limited by the streets of Ammosov,
Arzhakov and the Square of the Fallen Fighters. Paired by churbaki
streets with a limited movement of vehicles, cafeterias, shopping
centers, is a favorite resting place for citizens. There is also a
restored Preobrazhenskaya Church, a monument to the founding pioneers, a
memorial to the fallen fighters, a stele dedicated to the 375th
anniversary of the entry of Yakutia into Russia, as well as the Museum
of M.K. Ammosov, a prominent politician of the beginning. XX century.
Steel of Victory. Located on the same area. A multi -meter stele
dedicated to the victory in the Second World War, decorated with the
sculpture of the hero of the Yakut epic Olonkho Nyurgun Bootur.
Monument to Abakayada. Located at the intersection of the streets of
Kirov and Poyarkov. It is a sculptural group dedicated to the first
interethnic marriage between the Russian pioneer and the Yakut woman, as
well as their method-the symbol of the merger of our two peoples.
Monument to P.Ounsky. Located on the same area, also called the area of
Ordzhonikidze. It is a sculptural group from the figure of P. A.
Oyuunsky, writer, prominent public figure beginning. The twentieth
century, symbolizing the fertilizing the beginning of the human mind and
a metal arch in the form of the letter “P” with engraved quotes from the
works of the Oyunsky, personifying the fertile essence of nature.
Lensky Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve "Friendship". The
museum is located on the right bank of the Lena River and is located on
the site of the original foundation by the Russian explorers of the
Lensky prison - the future city of Yakutsk. The main exhibits of the
open -air museum are a copy of the Spasskaya Church of the famous
Sosaver’s prison and a copy of the person of the centurion Peter
Beketov, the founder of the prison. No less impressive and other ancient
examples of wooden architecture of the peoples of Yakutia. In the
restored buildings there are expositions dedicated to the culture and
life of the peoples of Yakutia: household items, cult, samples of
clothing and ammunition, funeral complexes, works of folk art. The
museum has a restaurant of Yakut cuisine; in the spring, ice slides are
built on the territory of the museum and festivities are held. One of
the most memorable attractions of the reserve is the observation tower
on the top of a nearby hill, from where exciting views of the Lena River
open.
You can get to private vehicles or on a regular minibus (about
2 hours on the road).
Address: Ust-Aldan ulus (district), village
Sotins.
Also in Yakutsk there is:
The restored towers of the
Yakut prison of the XVII century.
The treasury building of the XX
century.
Mine Shergina - the deepest private man -made mine in
permafrost
Monument to A.E. Kulakovsky, writer, prominent public
figure
Monuments to various political figures of the tsarist and
Soviet eras in different regions of the city: Lenin, Dzerzhinsky, Marx,
Kraft, Yaroslavl.
Two monuments to mammoth (at the Institute for
Merzlotovy and Circus)
Separate monuments of traditional wooden
Siberian architecture of the first half of the twentieth century. In the
area of the pledge, Saysar and many. DR.
Yakut State Museum of History and Culture of the Peoples of the North
named after Eat. Yaroslavsky, Lenin Ave., 5/2. ☎ +7 (411) 242-51-74.
10.00-17.00. The magnificent collection of artifacts of different
periods of the history of the Yakut land-from prehistoric times to the
events of the 90s of the twentieth century. Of particular interest is
the rich collection of stuffed animals of the North and a unique, one of
the few in the world, a complete skeleton of a mammoth.
Mamont
Museum, st. Kulakovsky, 48, 4th floor,. ☎ +7 (411) 236-16-47.
10.00-18.00. One of the most diverse collections of exhibits of the ice
age era in the world. The pearl of the collection is a cryocamer, where
the mammoth head is exhibited, preserved in the eternal permafrost in
its original form - with flesh and wool. Cryocamer is often at
exhibitions outside Yakutsk, clarify its presence in advance.
Museum
of Archeology and Ethnography Yaga, st. Kulakovsky, 48. ☎ +7 (411)
249-68-41. VT - PT: 10.00-17.00, Sat: 11.00-16.00. The history of the
peoples inhabiting Yakutia shown in the most interesting exposition of
household items and the cult of Sakha, Evens, Evenks, Yukagirov and
other Yakut ethnic groups since ancient times.
Underground Laboratory
of the Institute of Meriflant, st. Merzlotnaya, 36, 8 .. ☎ 33-44-76,
33-43-3. The only museum of permafrost in its kind. The descent
underground is accompanied by a thorough lecture on the essence of this
natural phenomenon, as well as a demonstration of exhibits stored in the
natural “refrigerator”. Warm clothing is necessary for visiting. It will
work on a preliminary order.
National Art Museum of the RS (Y), st.
Kirova, 12. From 10.00 to 18.00. A large artistic assembly includes the
works of Yakut, domestic, foreign masters of fine art of the XVI - NAC.
XXI centuries. The exposition also includes a rich collection of works
of traditional Yakut arts and crafts.
There are also others in
Yakutsk:
Memorial House Museum Maxim Ammosov
Museum of the History
of Communications
State Literary Museum. P.A. Oyunsky
International Museum of CHOMUSE (Vargan) Music
Museum of music and
folklore of the peoples of Yakutia
House-Museum "History of Political
Link in Yakutia"
Republican Museum of Achievements of Schoolchildren
Cocking room of the National Art Museum
Art gallery "SIMEH"
Art
gallery "Urgel"
Numismatic Museum Yaga
Museum of Physical Culture
and Sports
Museum of Company (Gokhran) "Treasury of Yakutia"
Sakha Academic Theater named after P. A. Oyunsky, st. Ordzhonikidze,
1. ☎ 34-13-31, 34-28-21. Dramatic productions in the Yakut language.
There is a synchronous translation into Russian.
State Opera and
Ballet Theater. Suorun Omollon, Lenin Ave. 46/1. ☎ 36-06-90, 36-14-12,
36-11-65. Opera and ballet productions of both world classics and works
of Yakut authors. Also concerts of local and touring artists, cultural
events.
State Academic Russian Drama Theater. Pushkin, Lenin Ave.,
21. ☎ 42-46-91. Dramatic productions in Russian. Classical and modern
works
Variety Theater, Musical Salon "Charoite", st. Kalandarashvili,
2. ☎ 32-11-72, 35-11-42. Musical evenings, concerts of Yakut artists.
Theater of humor and satire, address: st. Kirova, 25. ☎ 43-43-28,
43-35-90. Comedy performances and humorous programs in the Yakut
language. There is no synchronous translation. Musical evenings,
concerts of Yakut artists are also held.
Culture Center named after
Kulakovsky, st. Dzerzhinsky, 13. ☎ 44-24-96. Concerts of Yakut artists,
cultural events.
Ski and snowboarding of the base in Yakutsk season of winter sports lasts from February to early April. In the city and its environs 3 ski bases are “technical” (equipped with a lift, there are ski rental, snowboarding and sleds, address: 45 km. Pokrovsky tract, taxi travel (500 rubles), minibus from the Business station Yakutsk-Pokrovsk (150-200 rub., bus No. 202 from the bus station (c. 100 rubles), 40-50 min.), “Vilyui” (equipped with a lift, there is ski rental, address: Vilyuysky tract, taxi travel (150 rubles), bus No. 25, Ost. "Borisovka") and "Khatyn-Yuryakh" (there is a rental of snowboards, address: Khatyn-Yuryakh, Taxi travel (250 rubles), bus No. 25, Ost. "Final", hereinafter referred to as signs) and 2 The main skiers “Park” (there is no rental, buses No. 5, 35, Ost. “Stadium”) and “Green Meadow” (rolling skis - 100 rubles \ hour, buses No. 3, 35 Ost. “Marata Square”).
Circus, st. Poyarkova, 22. ✉ ☎ +7 (4112) 42-95-73, +7 (4112)
42-96-46. The state circus of the RS (I) is the title of the northern
circus in the world. The Yakut circus is a combination of traditional
Russian circus art with the national culture of the Far North. The
highlight of the main circus program is a troupe of acrobats who have
trained in China, laureates of many international competitions and
festivals. The tour of Russian circuses are also frequent.
Zoo,
Pokrovsky Trut, 50 km. ✉ ☎ +7 (4112) 22-52-59. 10: 00-17: 00 (winter)
10: 00-19: 00 (in summer). 250 rubles (adults), 200 rubles (children).
The Orto-Dudu zoo contains about 150 species of animals, from
invertebrates to large mammals, including Amur tigers, brown bears,
mountain rams. The basis of the exposition is the fauna of the North and
the Far East of Russia. There is a terrarium, aviaries with birds. Seven
types of collections are listed in the Red Book of Russia and Yakutia.
You can get to the zoo on a private highway, by bus number 202 or
minibus Yakutsk -Pokrovsk from the bus station.
Yysiakh the main city holiday - Yysiah, the National Yakut Feast of
Fertility, traditionally celebrated on the day of the summer solstice -
June 21. In different years, the exact date can shift. The popular
festivities in the area of the Us Khatyn gather tens of thousands of
people from all over the republic. The main event, as a rule, is a two
-day holiday - a colorful ceremony of the crop of the white shaman. The
sacred meaning that is no less important to the people carries the rite
of the meeting of the Sun in the early morning of the second day. The
festival is accompanied by competitions in national sports-jumping,
shooting from onions, pulling the sticks (mas-srestling), the struggle
"Hapsagai" and others, national arts-singing, the game on the Vargan,
the competition singed the Dance of Isuohai (circular dance), read the
tongue rods et al., contests of national dishes, costumes, for the best
design of a place for the holiday, etc., concerts of folklore and
popular groups and musicians.
Other
Day of Labor (May 1)
Victory Day (May 9)
City Day (second Sunday September)
Republic
Day (September 27)
New Year (January 1)
The International Festival
of Modern Ethno-Rock Musics "Tabyk" (annually in December, but due to a
lack of funding has not been held since 2005)
Yakutsk in one day
In the morning, it is best to have time to
inspect the Mammoth Museum and the Museum of Archeology and Ethnography.
From there, if the weather allows, take a walk along the embankment of a
warm lake, a favorite place to relax youth and meetings of lovers.
Bridges connect the shores of the lake - on one shore university town,
on the other - the area of ancient wooden buildings. In the summer,
floating fountains work in the water area of the warm lake, rinks are
organized in winter. Turning to the north-west at the intersection of
Lenin Ave. from the street. Kulakovsky you will hit the pl. Friendship
with the monument to A. E. Kulakovsky, the Opera and Ballet Theater and
the restored building of the Treasury of the times of Catherine II. Now
there is one of the branches of the National Art Museum. Go further to
the northeast along Lenin Avenue to the same square, from where you go
along Kirov Street to the southeast, focusing on the domes of the
Preobrazhenskaya Church, you will fall into the complex of the "Old
City". After examining the architectural attractions of the “Old City”,
try national Yakut cuisine in the restaurant of the Tyigyn Darkhan
Hotel. Immediately nearby, in the Kudai Bakhsa store, the widest
selection of Yakut souvenirs. After lunch, you can take care of the
spiritual food and go to the National Art Museum of the RS (Y), which is
right there, on Lenin Square. But it is worth considering that even a
cursory examination of the exposition will take one and a half to two
hours. The rest of the day can be devoted to a visit to the local
history museum, which is located a ten minutes walk from Lenin Square,
everything is in the same northeastern direction. It is best to make
dinner in the restaurant of the National Yakut and Russian cuisine
“Chochur Muran”, located in a picturesque area, which has its own museum
of household items of the 19th century. Here you can visit a unique
tourist object -the "kingdom of permafrost", which is the residence of
Supreme -the Lord of the cold. In the underground adit, which is in the
foot of the Chochur-Muran mountain, the temperature minus 10-12 degrees
Celsius remains all year round. Therefore, in winter there is warm, and
in the summer it is cold. There you can see the throne room of
Supremean, the cabinet of the archivist of the kingdom, the hall of
ceremonies, the ice bar, the museum of permafrost and ride from the ice
hill.
…two days
The first half of the second day is best
devoted to the descent to the underground laboratory of the Institute of
Merzlotovy, and in the second half, having visited the most interesting
museums of the Vargan and the Museum of Folklore and Music, to complete
the day of dinner at the Tamerlan restaurant and a visit to the
Sakha-theater performance.
…three days
The third day is best
to devote outside the city - in one of the ethnographic complexes - in
Orto Doydu with a zoo and a restaurant or in a “friendship” with an open
-air museum.
…four days
On the fourth day, if he falls on
Saturday or Sunday, you can go on a high -speed ship on the underwalls
(such as “Sunrise” or “Rocket”) on a one -day trip to the Lena pillars.
In the morning, the ship departs from the river station and in the
evening (around 20.00-21.00) returns. But it is better to first take
such a ticket to the Yakutsk travel agencies, since the ships leave as
they load and a one -day cruise can be postponed to another week.
Clothing, household items. The cheapest thing is to purchase
everything you need in one of the city markets - the "capital" or
"mannytaah". In the average price range, the choice is large in shopping
centers in the center: Atlant, Optimist, Favorite, Orange and MN. other
on Lenin Ave. boutiques and shops of leading brands are concentrated.
Food. The most affordable prices on wholesale bases selling retail in
the area of Chernyshevsky Street, and in network supermarkets located in
different areas of the city - Tokko and Sunny Tyumaada. Fresh local
products - meat, milk, eggs, vegetables - in the market "Peasant".
Delicious products can be purchased at Elisha and Poerry stores.
Roundary grocery stores are located in every quarter of the city, often
near bus stops.
Alcohol. Alcohol is stronger than 15 % not sold in
stores from 20 p.m. to 14 pm, this prohibition applies to drinking
establishments. In Yakutsk, several beer varieties are boiled - “Ellay”,
“Yakut”, etc., and also produced several varieties of vodka and alcohol
tinctures.
Tourist equipment. The widest selection of a variety of
tourist equipment in the shopping center "Mercury", the shopping center
"202 caliber", in the chain of stores "Bainaay", "Tsarist hunt".
Books, guides, maps. Literature of different genres and directions in
the chain of stores "Book Market", stores "Bookir", "Argys", "Signature
publications", "Yakut Book House". Maps, including detailed two
-kilometer cards of some areas of Yakutia, in the Globus store.
Fast food
1 Hesburger.
2 Subway.
3 KFC (on the 4th floor of
the ex -center). 10: 00-20: 00.
Cheap
4 dining rooms of the
Press House, St. Orzhonikidze, d.31. from 12 to 15 hours. The dining
room in the Press House, where the main state newspapers of the republic
are based, is famous for democratic prices (lunch first and ethnic-ups,
you can meet 70 rubles), in large portions and the Soviet spirit both in
the menu and in the interior. For the most non -language.
5
Operational "sandals" in the peasant market, Lermontov, 62/2 (at the
entrance to the market building). From 10 to 20 hours. Uncindelous in
terms of interior design and level of service, the snack is surprised by
its more than affordable prices for traditional Yakut cuisine: cow's cow
soup (60 rubles), slicing from boiled foals (70 rubles), Yakut pancakes
(10 rubles) , lingonberry fruit drinks (15-20 rubles), etc. The most
budget place to join the Yakut cuisine. Important! Do not confuse with
the Sandals restaurant in the neighboring building, there prices are an
order of magnitude higher.
6 cafes "Dүkeabil". (Jukebil) in the
building of the NVK "Sakha" along Ordzhonikidze Street. There are fried
crucians. Average account of a modest dinner 150-200 rub.
Medium
7 "Tamerlan", Lenin Ave., 8. From 12 to 24 hours. Yakut and Central
Asian cuisine, an interesting interior in the Mongolian style. The
highlight is a heat panel, where before your eyes you will be fried of
any dish that you make up from the proposed components. The prices are
average (business lunch-180 rubles., Average check from 180-400 rubles).
Expensive
8 “Tygyn Darkhan”, Ammosova, 9 .. 08.00-10.00,
12.00-15.00, 18.00-23.00. The best place where you can try dishes of
Yakut national cuisine. Crown dishes: Oyogos - a foal baked in the oven,
Salamat porridge and Indigirka salad - from frozen fish. Lunch - about
1000 rubles.
9 “Mouus Haya”, Petrovsky, 13 .. from 12.00 to 00.00
(from Thursday to Saturday - to 00.30). Restaurant in the university
area, the main hall with paths for bowling. It is designed by
photographs with the types of Yakutia (the author is the owner of the
restaurant - a well -known traveler and climber Yegor Makarov in the
republic). Four small halls (one of them with old utensils), where you
can get together with a large and small company. There is a business
lunch.
10 “Chochur Muran”, Vilyuysky tract, 6 km .. ✉ ✉ +7 (924)
661-61-00, fax: +7 (4112) 36-80-14 .. from 12.00 to 24.00. A suburban
restaurant in a picturesque area is located in the building of the Copia
of the Lensky prison tower. Specialization - fish dishes, Yakut cuisine.
An interesting interior, its own mini-museum, winter skating on dogs and
snowmobiles, ice sculptures, in the summer the opportunity to observe
the nests of ducks. Lunch - about 1000 rubles.
11 “Apartment on
Avenue”, 21 Lenina Ave. ☎ 89248611611. A restaurant stylized for the
apartment with European and Russian, home cuisine in the very center of
the city. A full place for a pleasant vacation in a cozy atmosphere for
business and romantic meetings, conducting leisure activities in Circle
of family or friendly gatherings.
1 Europe, Lenin Ave., 47. ✉ ☎ +7 (4112) 400-400. from 12.00 to 00.00.
An entertainment complex in a building on five floors with a restaurant,
night club and others.
2 garage, st. Novoportovskaya, 1. 20.00 to
7.00. There are two halls in the rock bar, a lively sound in the weekend
in the evening. Local gangs play, sometimes Russian rockers are touring.
Available bar (beer - 0.5l. From 80 rubles). Beer is often not fresh and
exhausted, there are suspicions that expired or diluted. With a large
number of people in the 2nd hall, it is very smoked, it seems that the
hood does not always work.
There is a clear problem with middle -level hotels in the city. Most
budget hotels or hostels have quite modest opportunities, and then two
expensive hotels next to the central square immediately go. It should be
remembered that in the warm season with the availability of rooms there
may be problems in any hotel.
Cheap
The average price in
numerous mini-hotels-from 1100 rubles/day. Look for ads in advertising
newspapers and signs on houses in the center.
1 mini-hotel
"Aurora", st. Arzhakova, 16. ✉ ☎ +7 (4112) 33-53-11. From 1300 rubles
(2013). Located in the old city - the center of the city of Yakutsk,
next to the green meadow.
Average cost
2 "Lena", Lenin Ave.,
8. From 2000 rubles/day per number. Downtown. Bar, hairdresser, exchange
exchange. Breakfast included.
3 "Holbos", Lenin Ave., 50/1. 1300
rubles/day per single number (2014). Downtown.
4 Bed & Breakfast
Bravo!, St. Ordzhonikidze, 49-64. ✉ ☎ +7 (924) 661-17-71, +7 (4112)
40-51-11. From 1900 rubles (2013). All 12 numbers are non -smokers,
drinking alcoholic beverages on the territory is prohibited, breakfast
is included. The rooms have: mini-chronicle, cable TV, free Wi-Fi,
hairdryer. Visa and Master cards are accepted for payment. Business
services (printing of documents, copying, scanning).
Expensive
5 "Tygyn Darkhan", st. Ammosova 9 .. from 3240 rubles. \ A day per
number. Downtown. Bar, restaurant, conference room, souvenir shop,
hairdresser, a sauna with a pool, a gym, a currency exchange point.
Breakfast included.
6 "Azimuth Polar Star", Lenin Ave., 24 .. from
5250 rubles. \ A day per number. In the center of the city, the former
hotel of ALROSA, since mid -2017, which has entered the network of
Azimuth hotels. Cafe, bar, restaurant, shopping center, sauna with a
pool, gym, business center, bowling, travel agency. Good Wi-Fi.
Breakfast included.
Telephone code: 4112. Cellular operators: MTS, Megafon, Beeline.
Population: 286.5 thousand people. Yakut time is ahead of Moscow by 6
hours (GMT +10). In the administrative-territorial subordination of the
city of 14 settlements.
Main Post Office, Dzerzhinsky, 4. ☎ +7
(4112) 507300. 08: 00-22: 00. There is an Internet access service, you
can send a fax. Postal Index: 677000
The city center where hotels, cultural institutions and main attractions are concentrated are concentrated quite safe at any time of the day, is well illuminated at night, regularly patrolls by the police. There are street robberies and pocket theft in public transport, but none of these phenomena accepts threatening scale. Show minimal prudence and do not visit at night such dysfunctional areas as a deposit, 17 quarter and sisars, as well as keep valuable things in domestic or fastening pockets in public transport, markets and other places of accumulation. It is also worth noting that an artificially inflated national question is just a myth. Yakutsk is a multinational, tolerant city, open to people of all nationalities and religions.
It was founded in 1632 by the Cossacks and was originally called the Lensky prison, then the Yakut prison. The first version of the toponym came from the hydronym "Lena", the second - from the horonym "Yakutia" and eventually became the main one in use. In 1708 he received the status of the city of Yakutsk, later - Yakutsk.
On September 25 (October 5), 1632, a detachment of the Yenisei
centurion Peter Beketov, exploring the banks of the Lena River, laid the
Yakut (Lensky) prison on the right bank of the river, 70 km downstream
from the location of modern Yakutsk on the land of the Bogon Yakuts.
From the very beginning, the prison was quite small. Its garrison
consisted of 30 Cossacks. In 1634 he survived a siege by the Yakuts. In
1635, local Cossacks received the right to be called Yakut Cossacks. In
1638, the prison became the center of the newly formed Yakut province.
In 1642-1643, the prison was moved to a modern place - in the Tuymaada
valley.
One of the oldest known images of Yakutsk is presented in
the “Drawing Book of Siberia” by Semyon Remezov in the following form:
firstly, at the bottom of the drawing is an oval place surrounded by a
tyn, with a bell tower on the left and several churches inside;
secondly, in the middle of the picture there is a wall with three
towers, of which two are at the ends, and one is in the middle; thirdly,
at the top of the picture, as if parallel to this wall, the second wall
is the same, but already with five towers, of which one is high, with an
eagle on a spoke, in the middle, and the remaining four - two from each
end, and the extreme ones are shown chopped from wood. Among this wall
there is, approximately in an octagon, a palisade, which, judging by the
nature of the buildings, encloses the main part of the city. The drawing
was drawn up only on the basis of the testimony of various other
persons, therefore it cannot be considered an accurate depiction of
Yakutsk; it gives only a rough idea of the appearance of the then city.
Yakutsk, being the military-administrative and commercial center of
the entire Lena Territory, since 1708 was subordinate to the Siberian
province, since 1822 - to the East Siberian Governor-General. In 1822,
Yakutsk became a regional city, and since 1851, Yakutia received the
status of an independent region as a province with the center in
Yakutsk.
Especially active development of Yakutsk is associated
with the period of governorship of I. I. Kraft (1907-1913). A power
plant, a telephone station were built in the city, a museum was opened,
and a department of the Imperial Geographical Society was founded. On
August 9, 1898, a free library-reading room was opened.
During
the Civil War, there were many battles in the Yakutsk region. At the end
of 1918, Soviet power was overthrown in Yakutsk. However, during the
Yakut anti-Kolchak uprising on the night of December 14-15, 1919, with
the decisive role of the Yakut local rifle team, Soviet power was
restored. The last major battle of this war in the Sakhyl-Sykhaa tract
(Lesinoye Pole), not far from the Amga settlement, also entered Russian
history: from February 13 to March 3, 1923, in severe frosts, there was
a battle between the Red soldiers defending the approaches to Yakutsk
under the command of Ivan Strod and the raid squad of the white Siberian
general Anatoly Pepelyaev. As a result of the battle, the last large
military unit of the Whites on the territory of the RSFSR was defeated,
the general himself was captured.
As a result of the Civil War,
Soviet power was established in the Yakutsk region. By October 1921, the
deputy chairman of the Yakutsk provincial committee, Platon Oyunsky
(since 1922, the head of Yakutia, chairman of the Council of People's
Commissars of the YASSR), drafted the Declaration of the Rights and
Duties of the Workers of the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
and the Regulations on the Autonomy of the Yakut Republic. By the
beginning of 1922, work on the creation of the republic was completed,
and on the basis of these documents, on April 27, 1922, the Yakut
Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was formed - the first statehood in
the history of the Sakha people. Yakutsk became the capital of the
republic.
In the 1930s, a research institute was first
established in Yakutsk, the republic reached a new level of public
education and science.
During the Great Patriotic War, the
headquarters of the air division and the Alsib air route were located in
Yakutsk, through which about 8 thousand fighters and bombers received
under Lend-Lease were delivered from the USA to the front. In the city
outside the district where the headquarters of Alsib was located in
wartime, the name Air Group is still preserved.
On December 27,
1991, the Yakut ASSR was renamed the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).
Yakutsk remained its capital.
On November 15, 2022, by the Decree
of the President of the Russian Federation, the city was awarded the
title "City of Labor Valor".
Geographical position
The city is located in the Tuymaada valley
on the left bank of the Lena River, in its middle course. It is located
somewhat north of the parallel of 62 degrees north latitude, as a result
of which in the summer there is a long period of "white nights", and in
winter (in December) - daylight hours last only 3-4 hours. The area is
122 km². Yakutsk is the largest city on planet Earth, located in the
permafrost zone. The distance to Moscow on public roads is about 8400
km. Yakutsk is the only major Russian city with a population of over
300,000 that does not have a year-round ground connection to the federal
road network.
Relief
Yakutsk is located in a flat area, in the
valley of the Lena River (Tuymaada Valley). On the territory of the city
there are many floodplain lakes and oxbow lakes, the largest of which
are: Beloe, Saysary, Teploe, Taloe, Khatyng-Yuryakh, Sergelyakh. The
shores are sandy, on the shallows overgrown with willow. The left root
bank of the Lena breaks off into the Tuymaada valley with a steep grassy
ledge, about a hundred meters high, covered with steppe vegetation. From
the side of the city, these cliffs resemble a mountain range, but in
reality they represent the edge of a slightly hilly plain covered with
pine-larch taiga and towering above the Lena valley. One of the side
spurs of this cliff, which has a sharp peak, is Mount Chochur-Muran.
The central part of Yakutsk is separated from the channel of the
Lena River by a wide grassy plain - the so-called "Green Meadow", which
is a floodplain of the Lena River and is flooded during the flood. Only
one of the channels of the Lena approaches the river port of Yakutsk -
the City Channel, which now, after the construction of the city dam in
the 60s. XX century., Turned into a backwater for the river port, the
so-called. "channel". Due to the deposition of river sands, this channel
is constantly shallowing, and to ensure navigation, its bottom is
regularly deepened by a dredger.
The climate of the city is
sharply continental.
The average annual temperature is −8.8 °C;
The average annual wind speed is 1.7 m/s;
The average annual air
humidity is 69%.
The climate is sharply continental, with little
annual precipitation (235 mm). Most of the precipitation falls during
the warm period. Winter in Yakutsk is extremely long and severe, the
average temperature in January is about -37 ° C, almost every winter the
temperature drops to -50 ° C, sometimes frosts can even cross the
60-degree mark (the last time such frosts were observed on January 2,
1951). The absolute minimum is -64.4 °С (recorded on February 5, 1891).
Winter lasts from October to April inclusive, spring and autumn are very
short. In the period from the second ten days of November to the
beginning of March, thaws were not recorded in the entire history of
meteorological observations. Frosts are possible throughout the year.
In contrast to winter, summer, despite its changeable nature, is
short and very hot. The felt temperature can reach almost +50 °C, which
is very high for a northern city. The average July temperature is about
+20 °С, and the absolute maximum is +38.4 °С. The annual amplitude of
Yakutsk is one of the largest on the planet, approximately equal to the
annual amplitude of the "poles of cold" - Oymyakon and Verkhoyansk, and
exceeds 100 °C (102.8 °C).
Timezone
Yakutsk is in the MSK+6
time zone. The offset of the applicable time from UTC is +9:00. In
accordance with the applied time and geographic longitude, the average
solar noon in Yakutsk occurs at 12:21.