White Mountain National Forest

White Mountain National Forest

 

Location: New Hampshire, Maine  Map

White Mountain Headquarters
(603) 447 5449
Warning:
Mt. Washington recorded highest velocity of winds on April 12th, 1934 at 231 mph. Temperatures often drop to low 50's even in summer. History recorded over 100 fatalities. Wear worm clothes and expect rough weathers at the summit.

 

Description of White Mountain National Forest

White Mountain National Forest lies in the heart of the White Mountains. Most of White Mountain National Forest is located in New Hampshire with parts extending into Maine. It covers 800,000 acres of birch, maple, fir and pine. Its highest point is 6288 foot high Washington mountain. It is the highest peak in the American Northeast and from the top on a clear day you can see New Hampshire, Maine, Vermont and Massachusetts. Here in 1934 fastest winds on the surface of the Earth have been recorded at 231 mph (372 km/h) or 100 m/s. The White Mountain National Forest is also a home of a symbol of the state- the Old Man of the mountain. Despite its collapse in 2003 it is still quiet visited. A system of trails can range from a half- mile Covered Bridge Nature Trail to the Appalachian trail that stretches from Maine to Georgia. Additionally 23 campgrounds are offered by forest services, yet it can be crowded on summer weekends.

 

Legend of Doctor Thomas Benton

The area of White Mountains have been settled by Europeans centuries ago. It is natural that several stories have emerged over a fairly long time. One of the most popular local legends is that of Doctor Thomas Benton. He was born in the late 18th century in Benton, New Hampshire formerly known as Coventry. He went to study medicine in Heidelberg, Germany. There he met Professor Stockmeyer, an intelligent and eccentric man who was shunned by many of his colleagues for his strange attempts to find a key to eternal life. After his death in 1779, Thomas Benton inherited all the documents of his professor. Once receiving his diploma Thomas Benton attempted to establish his private practice. Unfortunately he was forced to leave London and Boston after he was accused of illegal experiments. He escaped prison, but forced to find a quieter and smaller settlement. He chose Benton, New Hampshire in the White Mountains for its pristine mountains and relative remoteness.
Everything was going great for the young doctor. His business was thriving and he earned respect of the local folks. In 1816 something happened and doctor abandoned Benton and moved to small shack on the slopes of mount Moosilauke overlooking the town. Some say he was rejected by a woman, other claim his fiancé died young. Whatever was the reason for this strange behaviour life of the small town was changed. Soon after Dr. Benton departed, local farmers started discovering dead animals. The only thing all these animals had in common was a tiny red swelling with a white pinprick in the centre. Before you knew it humans began to disappear. Local residents naturally blamed the strange doctor who lived the life of a hermit in the mountains. A search party was organized, but his hamlet was found empty. The doctor disappeared. At first they assumed that Thomas Benton himself fell victim to unknown killer due to his remote location. They were proven wrong in November 1825 then a 6- year- old girl was snatched by a man in a black coat, black cap and long white hair. Girl's husband heard his wife scream and rushed after an assailant. He followed him into Little Tunnel Ravine, a dead end canyon that had no way out. Father finally reached a wall. He heard horrible laughter and looked up. There Dr. Thomas Benton covered in black clothes held a girl in one hand while trying to scale a cliff of a canyon. Father begged for return of his little daughter. Madmen let go off a girl. She fell and died instantly upon impact.
Strange occurrences did not there. In 1860 two loggers disappeared. One was discovered nearby with a red swelling behind his left ear and a white pinprick, another logger was never seen again. In 1901 Mr. Tomaso, a worker on a local logging railroad, was found with the same mark. It is hard to say how many people might have had the same signature. Many people disappeared in the White Mountains without leaving a single trace behind them.
Among recent events that are attributed to the ghostly Thomas Benton are attacks on local students of Dartmouth College, the smallest Ivy League school. He reported hiking solo through the woods of mount Moosilauke. There he attempted to climb a small cliff. Suddenly someone's hand pushed him. Student did not get a chance to see the assailant, but he did remember seeing black clothes and long white hair. Fortunately for him fall did not kill him. Bruised and cut, with a fractured skull and in a state of shock he was discovered by other hikers. The students was moved to Ravine Camp and then to a hospital to Hanover. Another claim come from 2003. Another student was hiking in the area. He dropped something and turned around to look for his missing item. He came back to the same spot he passed just 10 minutes ago. There he found a big footprint of and old- fashion boot with nails on the bottom. Fearing he might be followed young men quickly retreated from the area.

 

Toponymy

The White Mountains were named White Hills by Governor John Winthrop in 1642. They got their name from their brilliant appearance or snow-capped peaks. They have also been known as Agiocochook, Crystal Hills, Wa-wo-badenik and Waumbekketmethna.

 

Geomorphology

The White Mountains are part of the same geomorphological zone as the New England region. They formed more than 100 million years ago when the North American tectonic plate and the New England hot spot overlapped. The glaciers that covered the valleys gradually melted and cut the slopes of the mountains, forming gorges and defiles. The rock of the mountains is mainly composed of granite, mica and quartz.

 

Tourism

As early as the 1860s, people who wanted to get away from the industrial towns of New England came to the mountains for long stays to enjoy nature in the posh surroundings of grand hotels. The arrival of the railway greatly contributed to the development of tourist activity in the White Mountains. Nowadays, the White Mountains remain a very popular tourist destination for those who wish to practice hiking, climbing or even skiing during the winter period. The majority of the range is open to the public, including White Mountain National Forest and a large number of state parks. There are many hiking trails through the White Mountains, the best known being the Appalachian Trail which crosses thirteen states up the East Coast of the United States. The mountain range is also famous for its system of mountain huts for hikers.

These mountains are a privileged place for climbing thanks to the many steep walls. The Appalachian Mountain Club, founded in 1876, started the Four Thousand Footer Club in 1957 to encourage hikers to explore some of the lesser-known sections of the mountains. You must climb on foot to the top of each peak on the list. When you've done them all, you can apply to be a member of the club. The club has over 8,000 members, but only 300 of them have climbed them in the winter.

The White Mountains have many natural attractions such as the Old Man of the Mountain. Nicknamed the Great Stone Face or the Profile, the Old Man was a natural rock formation perched nearly 400 meters above Profile Lake. It consisted of five rocky protrusions arranged horizontally to form the profile of a man. The profile was 15 meters high and 8 meters wide. Held in place by an anchor system, the freezing and thawing of the ice on the escarpment finally got the better of it and the old man collapsed on May 3, 2003. It remains today the symbol of the State of New Hampshire.

Another remarkable place is the Bassin (The Basin), a granite crucible 6 meters in diameter fed by a waterfall. It is a popular swimming spot, although the water is freezing.

 

Architecture

The constructions of the White Mountains are mainly made of wood. The Mount Washington Hotel, the largest wooden structure in New England, was the work of Joseph Stickney who set out to build the most elegant hotel in the mountains. Built in a Spanish Renaissance style, it opened its doors in 1902. In 1944, the hotel was chosen to host the famous Bretton Woods monetary conference which established the monetary standards of the post-war world.

Another peculiarity of the White Mountains is the large number of covered bridges that have been built there to span the rivers. Built in the 19th century, they are now replaced by concrete structures. At the time, it was necessary to cover the decks, firstly because the roof prevents water from reaching the joints which could freeze in winter or rust in summer. Second, the weight added to the bridge made the structure more stable, allowing farm animals to cross calmly. In addition, the roof prevents the bridge from drying out and the expansion of the joints, which would cause it to sag, and protects the bridge from the snow that falls in large quantities in winter.

 

Art

The steep mountains of the White Mountains have inspired several hundred artists more or less connected to the current known as the School of the White Mountains. Over four hundred artists are known to have painted views of the White Mountains in the 19th century, including Benjamin Champney, Albert Bierstadt, Thomas Cole, Sanford Robinson Gifford, Samuel W. Griggs, and William Hart and Thomas Hill.

However, the name School of the White Mountains is controversial, in particular because it is considered that all artists do not have the same style.

Literature
Nathaniel Hawthorne chose the White Mountains for his short story The Great Carbuncle.

 

Permits

There is no permit for hiking. Parking fees are $5 a week and $20 a year.

 

Trails

Presidential traverse
Distance: 25.8 mi (41.5 km)
Duration: 4 days
Difficulty: hard
Start- End point: Crawford Notch- Pinkham Notch

Boldface & Carter Ranges
Distance: 20.2 mi (32.5 km)
Duration: 3 days
Difficulty: medium- hard
Start- End point: North Chatham

 

Camping

(603) 374 2272
AMC Crawford Youth Hostel
(603) 466 2727

AMC Dinkham Notch Headquaters
(603) 466 2727

Eastern Slope Camping Area
(603) 447 5092