Narym (from the village. Nyar - swamp) - a village in the Parabel district of the Tomsk region, in the past a city, prison. The administrative center of the Narym rural settlement.
The village is located on the banks of the Ob, near the confluence of the Ket River, 30 kilometers north of the village of Parabel and 425 kilometers from Tomsk. Narym is surrounded by swamps on all sides.
After the prince of the Pied
Horde Vonya in 1595 refused to pay yasak to the Russian kingdom,
Boris Godunov decided to send a detachment of Cossacks from Berezov
and Khanty-Mansiysk to the lands of the Vonya tribe to build a
Russian fortress under the leadership of the voivode T. Fedorov,
through whose efforts there in 1598 (according to other sources - in
1596), the Narym prison was built, which became the first, among the
Russians founded, a settlement on the territory of the present Tomsk
region. Then the prison was moved several times to a new place - in
1613 and 1619 (at present, the place of the original position is
indicated only tentatively). It was moved to the present place,
behind the unnamed Ob channel, below the northernmost branch of the
Keti, which was later called the Narym channel, was moved in 1632.
This place, like the previous ones, was abundantly washed away by
the waters of the Ob, which destroyed several dozen residential
buildings and a church, so the city began to develop towards a hill
known as Colin Bor.
In 1601, the Narymsky prison received the
status of a city. At the same time, the Narym district was created.
In 1602, in the middle reaches of the Ket River, the second
prison was built - Ketsky.
The first Narym church was built
in 1618, a year later it burned down during a citywide fire.
By the decree of Peter I of 1708, the state was divided into 8
provinces, the city of Narym became part of the Siberian province.
In 1819, the Narym City Duma submitted a petition to the Tomsk
civil governor to abolish it due to the lack of collected city
revenues. The petition was granted, and one town hall was left from
the city administration. In 1822 Narym became a provincial town in
the Tomsk province, and in 1834 the town hall was closed and the
management of the town passed to the headman.
Many merchants
and entrepreneurs lived and did business in Narym, including: the
Rodyukov dynasty of merchants (the most influential of which was
Dormidont Ivanovich), Kvitnilion Pryanishnikov and
N.I.Schepetilnikov.
Almost from the very beginning, Narym was
a place of political exile. Decembrists, participants in the Polish
uprisings, populists, revolutionaries, and the repressed came here
to settle.
By the decision of the All-Russian Central
Executive Committee of June 6, 1925, Narym was deprived of the
status of a city and recognized as a village.
All the main objects of interest to tourists in Narym are related to
the topic of political exile. Most of them are concentrated on the
street that now bears the name of one of the local exiles -
V.V.Kuibyshev. There are located:
Narym Museum of Political
Exile (branch of the Tomsk Regional Museum of Local Lore). The
original name is “Narym Museum named after I. V. Stalin”. The
decision to found the museum was made in 1938 by the Novosibirsk
Regional Committee of the CPSU (b). Three years later, the main
building of the museum (house 33) in the style of a peasant hut was
completed, but the exposition was opened for visitors only in 1948.
Next to the main building of the museum, the Alekseevs' house (house
33a), which was specially transferred there, was installed, in which
Stalin, who was serving his exile, rented housing, and the building
of the convict prison (house 33b), in which the exiles V.V.Kuibyshev
and Ya.M. Sverdlov were kept. According to the order of the Ministry
of River Fleet of the USSR, all passenger steamers plying by the
Narym pier had to stop there for at least three hours in order to
visit the museum for their passengers. In 1956, after the
personality cult of the "leader of the peoples" was exposed, the
museum was temporarily closed, but two years later, by the decision
of the Tomsk Regional Committee of the CPSU, it was reorganized into
the Memorial Museum of political exiled Bolsheviks of the Narym
Territory. Under this name, the institution first opened its doors
to visitors on March 27, 1960. The museum underwent its last
reorganization in the late 1980s, when it received its current name.
Unlike the previous ones, the modern exposition of the museum pays
attention not only to the Bolsheviks, but also to other political
prisoners of the Narym region;
The manor house with the house of
the police department (house 1), in which the exiles were obliged to
periodically mark their presence;
The shop of the merchant
Rodyukov (house 15) - a brick building where the exiles not only
stocked up on food, but also received illegal correspondence from
the foreign bureau of the Central Committee of the RSDLP;
Huts
where other political exiles lived (houses numbered 2, 5, 6, 8, 9,
10, 11, 12, 18, 20, 24, 26, 28, 32, 42, 44, 50)
Other
attractions in Narym include:
A wooden house built by exiled
participants in the Polish uprising (current address is Sibirskiy
Lane, 6);
A cemetery with the graves of political exiles who died
while serving their exile in Narym;