Povorino is a city (since 1954) in Russia, the administrative center
of the Povorinsky district of the Voronezh region. The municipality
forms the urban settlement of the city of Povorino as the only
settlement in its composition.
It is the easternmost city in the
region.
Population - 16,417 people. (2021).
Due to the importance of the mountain railway station. Povorino came
up with the idea for her workers to create a monument to the railway
worker. Soon, local artist and sculptor Ivan Yurkov created a
three-meter sculpture, which is located on the territory of the
locomotive depot.
Not far from the Povorinskaya route, a monument
to the heroes of the Great Patriotic War was erected.
The Alley
of Heroes was opened on Komsomolskaya Square in 2019. Busts were
installed: twice Hero of the Soviet Union Alexei Prokhorov, Heroes of
the Soviet Union Georgy Konev, Nikolai Perevozchenko, Fedosey
Rogozhnikov, Vasily Sterligov, Dmitry Teplyakov, Alexey Troshin, Vasily
Shatilov, full holder of the Order of Glory Peter Ovsyankin and Hero of
Socialist Labor Viktor Shebordaev.
The city of Povorino is a junction of roads and railway lines Gryazi - Ilovlya of the Volga Railway and Rtishchevo I - Liski of the South-Eastern Railway. Junction railway station Povorino.
The city is located 6 km from the border with the Volgograd region, 236 km from Voronezh. Located in the southeastern part of the Oka-Don Plain, on the left bank of the Khopra River (a tributary of the Don), southeast of Voronezh. A junction of railway lines (to Ilovlya, Liski, Gryazi, Balashov) and highways.
The climate of Povorin is moderate continental, with fairly cold winters and hot, dry summers. The annual range of temperatures is greater than in Voronezh, and precipitation falls significantly less.
It arose as a village at the Povorino station (opened in 1870); name
from the neighboring village of Povorino (aka Rozhdestvenskoye). Oikonym
presumably from the Russian dialect povora “fence, spinning town.”
Perhaps the nickname Povorok allows us to reconstruct the anthroponym
Povor, from which we can assume the formation of the toponym Povorino.
According to 1887 data, there were 7 buildings in the village, and
the number of residents was 52 people.
On June 15, 1893, the
regulations on the formation of the South-Eastern Railway Society were
approved, the charter of which included the construction of the
Balashov-Kharkov road. The road was built quickly and began operating on
December 17, 1895. It passed through Povorino, making the station a hub
and thereby predetermining the further growth of the settlement.
At the time of the 1897 census, Povorin had 13 buildings and 223
inhabitants. The buildings were considered station buildings. The bulk
of the population lived in them - 182 people. Not far from the station
buildings there were 6 houses of peasants from the village of
Rozhdestvenskoye. Also, in 1897, there was already a wine shop and 5
small shops in Povorin.
In 1905, Povorinsky railway workers
joined the general strike movement. They demanded improved living
conditions, shorter working hours, freedom of speech, press, unions,
strikes and meetings. The struggle of the Povorin workers was led by the
Bolshevik Social Democratic group.
On the eve of the Great
October Socialist Revolution of 1917, in the village of Povorino there
were already about 70 houses, 4 of them two-story, which belonged to a
butcher, an innkeeper, and a bakery owner. The population was close to
half a thousand.
In 1917, shortly before the so-called Kornilov
rebellion, Povorino station was occupied by Cossack units loyal to
Kornilov, which gave rise to a conflict between Kornilov and the
Provisional Government. Subsequently, during the civil war, Povorino as
a strategically important point (road junction) passed from hand to
hand.
Bloody events took place in Povorino and surrounding areas
at the end of 1918. Here was one of the sections of the southern front.
The Whites were rushing north, towards Moscow. To fight them, the
Borisogleb and Povorinsky railway workers formed the Povorinsky
Regiment. The Whites concentrated well-armed forces. On December 21,
1918, they occupied Povorino. The Povorinsky regiment, located to the
north, was preparing for the attack. On January 6, 1919, after stubborn
fighting, Borisoglebsk was liberated. Having left this city, the whites
sought to stay in Povorino. The soldiers of the Povorinsky regiment
under the command of Piskunov fought for four days. And Povorino was
released. Retreating, the Whites caused great damage to the railway, but
by the forces of the Povorinites, the road was restored and in April
1919, traffic began along the Povorino-Tsaritsyn line.
In the
summer of 1919, Denikin’s attack on Moscow began. At the beginning of
July, the Whites captured Povorino and Borisoglebsk. Units of the Red
Army concentrated in the forests near Khoper, carrying out raids on the
whites. Povorino changed hands several times. It was only on November 1
that the Whites were finally driven out.
In 1923, 698 inhabitants
lived in Povorino.
In 1926 the population was 1245 people.
Since
1938, Povorino has had the status of a workers' village.
During
the Great Patriotic War, the Povorinsky junction played an important
role in providing Soviet troops with ammunition and food during the
Battle of Stalingrad. The station was bombed several times. Two
evacuation hospitals were deployed here. In the Victory Park of the
mountains. Povorino founded a war memorial. Soldiers of various units of
the Soviet Army are buried here. Most died in 1942-1943. from wounds in
military hospital No. 3238, located at the Povorino railway station.
Some of those buried died during the bombing of hospital No. 1095,
located here, and during the bombing of railway trains at the station.
In 1954, Povorino was transformed into a city. The growth of the
city continued to be associated with the development of railway
transport.
By 1974, there were 70 deputies of the City Council in
Povorino, 36 of them were workers and specialists from railway
organizations.
There is a junction railway station, a sports complex, a hosiery factory, a factory for the production of building materials, and there are no other businesses that have a significant impact on the development of local infrastructure, social development and the economy of private businesses. The provision of medical care in Povorino is carried out by the BUZ VO Povorinskaya RB, located at the address Voronezh region Sovetskaya 43, in a former hotel building, where renovations were carried out for several years in a row, and the building of the city clinic was transferred to the NPO CHUZ Russian Railways-medicine. Health care institutions in the city of Povorino often do not have the ability to provide the required medical care, under the state guarantee program for some categories of services, due to the lack of specialists such as ENT specialists, while the provision of assistance to the children's population is also limited due to the lack of pediatric specialized medical specialists. There is dissatisfaction among the population with the provision of medical care. There is no cinema. The opening of pharmacies and beer stores has become widespread; in the city park, in the warm season, alcoholic beverages are regularly consumed and people are in Victory Park at night, which has a potential criminal danger in the central area of the city.
Romanov, Yuri Borisovich (1945-2015) - Soviet and Russian composer,
teacher, artistic director of the Voronezh Girls ensemble, People's
Artist of the Russian Federation (1997), born in Povorino;
Shavurin,
Pyotr Ivanovich (1918-2002) - pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union,
accomplished a feat in the vicinity of Povorino.
Retunsky, Vladimir
Nikolaevich (born 1950) - Soviet and Russian serial killer and rapist
who committed 8 proven murders and rapes of girls in the Voronezh and
Volgograd regions in 1990-1996, mainly in the Povorinsky district of the
Voronezh region, and currently lives in the mountains Povorino
Kazartsev, Vasily Anatolyevich (born 1979) - Russian football referee of
the All-Russian category. Since 2000, he worked as an assistant referee,
and since 2001, as the chief referee in the KFK tournament. In the
second division he made his debut as chief referee in 2003. Since 2007,
he has officiated at first division matches. In 2012-2014, he played 12
matches as the chief referee in the Russian Championship (Premier
League). Candidate for master of sports in mini-football. Born in
Povorinsky district.