Ryazhsk is a city in the south of the Ryazan region and a large railway junction. Even by the standards of surrounding cities, Ryazhsk is quite poor in attractions, but it is an important transit point and a starting point for visiting several surrounding estates.
1 Ryazhsky cannery, Komsomolskaya st. 29. Monumental and abandoned
red brick buildings of the early 20th century.
2 Assumption Church,
Vladimirovka street. Cemetery church from the 1860s.
3 Sovetskaya
Square. One of the two square squares of the city, in the center of
which there once stood as many as four buildings of shopping arcades.
Fortunately, several old houses have been preserved on the square and in
its surroundings.
4 Okayomova House, Okayomova Street, 2. Singer
A.I. was born in the house in 1905. Okayomov. The house itself stands
next to the second square square of the city - Freedom Square - where
Karl Marx Street leads from Soviet Square.
5 Church of St. Nicholas
the Wonderworker at the station, st. Ilyich, 43. Former station church
of the late 19th century, rebuilt in Soviet times.
6 Water tower of
Ryazhsk station.
7 Depot No. 400 of the Ryazan province of the
zemstvo government. Somewhere in the bowels of the city, perhaps, there
are still the ruins of a depot built during the interwar period. It's
worth looking for a mosaic inside.
8 Church of the Nativity,
Sovkhoznaya street. Not the most interesting local church was built in
1822-1840. The declared style of classicism in the building is difficult
to discern.
9 Krasnaya street. Several pre-revolutionary buildings
have been preserved on the street, for example, houses 16, 25.
By train
There are many southbound trains on the Ryazan–Michurinsk
line, but only a few of them stop in Ryazhsk. It takes 5 hours to travel
from Moscow. In addition, there are trains: 5 times a day to Ryazan (2
hours) and twice a day to Michurinsk (2 hours), from where, in turn, it
is easy to go to Tambov or Lipetsk.
In the latitudinal direction
runs the historical line of the Syzran-Vyazemskaya railway, which
currently does not have serious transport significance. To the west, a
rail bus runs once a day to Uzlovaya (3 hours) via Skopin (1 hour), and
to the east you can go by commuter train to Morshansk (2 hours, twice a
day) or by long-distance train to Penza.
1 Ryazhsk-I station.
The main station where long-distance trains stop and where all trains
depart. The station building was built in the second half of the 19th
century. The station's finest hour came in 1875-1877, when the future
scientist-breeder I.V. worked there as a senior clerk. Michurin
(1855-1935).
2 Station “Ryazhsk-II”. On the eastern outskirts of the
city, only commuter trains to Morshansk stop.
By bus
Minibuses
and buses from Ryazan almost every hour, the journey takes 2 hours; many
of them go to the village of Aleksandro-Nevsky on the border with the
Tambov region. Some Moscow-Tambov buses call at Ryazhsk, but not all.
Others stop on the highway or don't stop at all. Local buses run three
times a day to neighboring Skopin; there is no stable connection with
other regional centers of the Ryazan region.
3 Bus station,
Proletarskaya st. 9. ☎ +7 (49132) 2-24-13. 6:00–17:00, break:
12:30–13:00.
By car
Ryazhsk is located not far from the P22
highway, 300 km from Moscow. You can also go through Ryazan, but it is a
little longer and longer. 110 km to Ryazan, 145 km to Lipetsk, 165 km to
Tambov.
Ryazhsky tea lovers club, st. Karl Marx, 50. A surreal place: a Chinese tea shop where the owner almost conducts tea ceremonies right in the middle of the city market.
1 Cafe “Aist”, st. Lenina, 35. Mon–Thu 9:00–19:00, Fri–Sun
12:00–23:00.
2 Cafe “Lukomorye”, st. Karl Marx, 35. Mon–Fri
9:00–16:00. Dining room.
3 Cafe “Oasis”, st. Freedom. Children's
cafe with playroom. There are also guest rooms, which visitors, however,
do not recommend due to the excessively high price.
1 Hotel “Beryozka”, st. Sovetskaya, 6. ☎ +7 (49132) 2-27-64.
Amenities are on the floor, but the rooms themselves seem to be quite
good.
2 Hotel “Uyut”, st. Engelsa, 1. ☎ +7 (910) 906-82-35. 7 rooms
with amenities, guests complain about inappropriately high prices.
3 Motel “Alexander Nevsky”, 326 km of the R-22 highway (33 km from
Ryazhsk). ☎ +7 (915) 605-87-35. Apparently, the most decent place in
this part of the route. Visitors also praise the local cafe.
Located 117 km south of Ryazan on the northwestern edge of the Oka-Don Plain, on the high and steep bank of the Khupta River.
The prevailing climate is moderate continental. July is the warmest
month of the year, with an average temperature of about 19.3 °C, and the
coldest month is January, with an average temperature of about −10.2 °C.
The average annual precipitation is 460 mm.
The primary form of the name - Ryassk (Ryaskoe city, Ryaskoe
fortified settlement, Ryaskoi) was motivated by geographical names with
the stem ryas-. In the 16th-17th centuries, between the Ranova and Ryasa
rivers (Voronezh basin) there was a Ryassky portage, passing through the
Ryasskoe field. This area was so named after a group of rivers with the
general name Ryasa (Cassock), which had clarifying definitions
(Stanovaya, Moskovaya, Yagodnaya, Gushchina, Rakovaya, etc.). The
hydronym arose from the popular geographical term ryasa - “wet place,
swamp.”
The subsequent weakening of the primary motivation for
the name of the city led to the emergence of a new semantic connection
with the word ryazh - a hydraulic structure in the form of a wooden
frame, which was reflected in the coat of arms of the settlement,
adopted in 1779. This was facilitated by the memory that the city of
Ryazhsk on the Khupta River previously played a defensive role on the
southern borders of the Russian state.
The city was first mentioned in historical documents in 1502 under
the name Ryasskoye Pole. It arose in the north of the Ryassky field as a
fortified point that controlled the portage that connected the basins of
the Oka and Don rivers. In the 16th-17th centuries it was part of the
Great Zasechnaya Line, protecting Russian lands from the attacks of the
Crimean and Nogai Tatars.
In 1778, Ryazhsk became a district
city, the center of the Ryazhsky district as part of the Ryazan
governorship, and from 1796 - a province.
In the second half of
the 19th century, the city turned into an important railway junction at
the intersection of the Ryazan-Ural and Syzran-Vyazemsk railways. In
1866, traffic opened on the Ryazan-Kozlov section. A year later, trains
went from Ryazhsk to Morshansk, and in 1870 to Skopin. The railway
village of Novoryazhsky, built in those days, is now part of the city.
In 1906, 12 industrial enterprises operated in Ryazhsk, including
flour mills, brick factories, and cereal factories.
In December
1917, bodies of Soviet power were created in Ryazhsk. In the village of
Petrovo in January 1918, a native of the village, I. F. Vyshegorodtsev
(1896-1971), organized a cell of the RSDLP (b). In March 1918, the
RSDLP(b) was renamed the Russian Communist Party (RKP(b)). At the same
time, Vyshegorodtsev was elected chairman of the Ryazhsky district
committee (ukom) of the RCP (b).
During the Civil War, the
Bolsheviks introduced surplus appropriation as part of the Soviet policy
of “war communism.” The decree of the Council of People's Commissars of
January 11, 1919 announced the introduction of food appropriation
throughout the entire territory of Soviet Russia; in reality, food
appropriation was carried out at first only in the central provinces
controlled by the Bolsheviks. Dissatisfaction with the grain procurement
policy pursued by the Bolsheviks against the background of abuses of
power and ignoring the interests of the peasantry, including the
introduction of anti-religious views into the life of the village, and
sometimes direct agitation against the church led to spontaneous
uprisings. At the end of May 1920, due to the actions of food
detachments, peasants in Ryazhsky district rebelled. The core of the
rebels was Agaltsov’s detachment (Afanasy Fedorovich Semyonov,
originally from the peasants of the village of Shchurovo). By May 1920,
the detachment had up to 400 people. At the end of May, about 15
thousand peasants from 4 suburban villages, accompanied by the ringing
of bells, went to Ryazhsk to overthrow Soviet power. Upon entering the
city, they staged a rally near the prison. But soon the food detachments
and the Cheka cavalry detachment located in the districts were pulled up
to Ryazhsk. Artillery opened fire on the rebels with shrapnel, after
which they fled and the peasant uprising was suppressed. After this,
another major uprising took place in the village of Neznanovo,
suppressed by a Ryazh detachment of Special Purpose Units under the
command of Yakov Vyshegorodtsev. At the beginning of July 1920, the core
of Agaltsov’s group, consisting of 5 people, was liquidated, and he
himself was killed.
During the Great Patriotic War, convoys of
cars carrying equipment from evacuated enterprises from the western part
of the country passed through Ryazhsk. At the end of November 1941,
German troops approached a distance of 15 km from the city. A state of
siege was declared in the city and a militia detachment was created,
which 3 thousand residents joined. German aircraft bombed strategically
important objects: the railway station, the bridge near the village of
Poplevina, Sheremetyevo station. At this time, a train with the 3rd
battalion of the 84th Marine Brigade arrived in Ryazhsk. Within one day,
Soviet units under the command of General S.I. Rudenko drove the
invaders out of the city of Skopin. Later, in December 1941, the 61st
Reserve Army, an assault aviation division under the command of
Lieutenant General of Aviation G.P. Kravchenko, was stationed near
Ryazhsk, which was covered from the air by air defense units of Major
General of Aviation P.M. Stefanovsky. For active participation in the
fight against the Nazi invaders, several thousand residents of Ryazhsk
and the region were awarded orders and medals. At the brotherly cemetery
of Ryazhsk there is an obelisk in honor of the fallen soldiers.
On February 8, 1962, the workers' settlement of Novoryazhsk was included
within the boundaries of Ryazhsk.