Maryina Roshcha is a district of Moscow north of the Garden Ring in the North-Eastern Administrative District, as well as an intracity municipality of the same name.
Meshchanskaya Sloboda
Peace Avenue
1 Church of Philip the
Metropolitan in the Meshchanskaya Sloboda, st. Gilyarovsky, 35.
Pereyaslavskaya Sloboda
Riga
2 Znamenskaya Church in
Pereyaslavskaya Sloboda, 2nd Krestovsky per. 17.
3 Solodovnikov's
house.
Gravity
Dostoevskaya
4 Temple of the Trinity
Sloboda, 2nd Troitsky per. 8.
Marina Grove
Marina Grove
5 Church of the Descent of the Holy Spirit at the former Lazarevsky
cemetery, st. Soviet army, 12.
6 Tryphon Church in Naprudny, st.
Trifonovskaya, 38.
Palikh
Novoslobodskaya Mendeleevskaya
7 Church of the Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of God in Sushchevo, st.
Tikhvinskaya, 13.
Novo-Dmitrovskaya Sloboda
Novoslobodskaya
Mendeleevskaya
8 Church of St. Pimen the Great in Novye Vorotniki ,
Novovorotnikovsky per. 3.
9 Sorrowing Monastery, Novoslobodskaya st.
58/9.
Tverskaya-Yamskaya
Belarusian
10 Church of St.
Nicholas the Wonderworker near Tverskaya Zastava, st. Butyrsky shaft,
8/3.
11 Church of the Life-Giving Trinity at the former Cherkasy
almshouse, 16 Leningradsky Prospekt. Built in 1857-1858.
Petrovsky park
Dynamo Petrovsky Park
12 Petrovsky Travel
Palace. It was erected in 1776-1780 according to the project of the
architect Matvey Kazakov and is an example of Russian neo-Gothic
architecture. It served as a residence for noble persons after a long
journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow, hence its name - "travel".
Currently, the first floor of the palace can be visited on a guided
tour, for which you need to sign up for it a few weeks in advance, and
besides, a fairly large group should form.
13 Petrovsky park. During
the restoration of Moscow after the war of 1812, the territory near the
Petrovsky Palace was turned into a landscape park. Later, most of the
park was set aside for the construction of the Dynamo stadium, built
here in 1928. Jun 2018 edit
14 Church of the Annunciation of the
Blessed Virgin in Petrovsky Park, st. Krasnoarmeyskaya, 2. Built in
1844-1847.
15 Black Swan Villa, Naryshkinskaya Alley, 5, building 1.
Built in 1909 according to the project of architects V.D. Adamovich and
V.M. Lighthouse for the famous Moscow merchant and philanthropist
Nikolai Pavlovich Ryabushinsky.
Museums
1 Central Museum of the Armed Forces, st. Soviet Army, 2.
2 House-Museum of V.M. Vasnetsova, per. Vasnetsova, 13.
3
House-Museum of M.S. Shchepkina, st. Shchepkina, 47, building 2. ☎ +7
(495) 688-5853.
Theaters
4 Central Academic Theater of the
Russian Army (Red Army Theatre).
5 Moscow Music and Drama Theater
"Romen", Leningradsky Prospekt, 30.
6 Figaro Puppet Theatre, 30
Leningradsky Prospekt, building 2. ☎ +7 (903) 152-05-97. Performances
are held on weekends at 12:00 and 14:00. Children's theatre.
Parks
7 Botanical garden "Aptekarsky garden", Prospekt Mira, house
26, building 1. Mon–Sun 10:00–20:00. 200 rub. Squeezed by modern
high-rise buildings, the garden occupies one block in the very center of
the city - between Mira Avenue and Botanichesky Lane. The entrance to it
is not obvious: you can get into this paradise only from Mira Avenue,
passing through a modern glass building. The garden was founded in 1706
on the outskirts of the city by the decree of Peter I, who then planted
the Siberian larch that still exists today. By the way, it is somewhat
younger than the oldest tree in the center of Moscow, located right
there in the white willow garden. At first, only medicinal plants were
grown here, but by the 19th century, having collected a collection of
hundreds of plants, the Pharmaceutical Garden turned into a full-fledged
botanical garden. In 1805, Moscow University bought this site and moved
its own botanical garden from Mokhovaya here. An arboretum, ferns,
aquatic plants, coniferous hills - this is an incomplete list of the
local collections in the open air. Plus, greenhouses - with palm trees,
succulents, agaves and cacti. Three major festivals are held annually in
the garden - Colors of Autumn (September-October), the Orchid Festival
(December-March), and the Flower Festival (April-May).
Sports
objects
8 Dynamo Stadium (VTB Arena - Dynamo Central Stadium). Built
in 1928. It is now closed for renovation until the end of 2018.
1 Holiday Inn (Lesnaya), Lesnaya st. 15 (5 Belarusian).
2 Marriott
Tverskaya, 1st Tverskaya-Yamskaya st. 34 (2.5 Belarusian).
3 Sovetskaya, Leningradsky prospect, 32/2 ( 2 Dynamo). ✉ ☎ +7 (495)
960-2000. From 7900 rub.
There are several versions of the origin of the name:
According to
one, the area adjacent to the settlement of Maryino at the beginning of
the 15th century was named after the noblewoman Marya, a woman of
extraordinary beauty, the wife of the son of the boyar Fyodor Koshka
Fyodor Goltyay, who owned these lands.
According to another version,
the name is given by the name of the chieftain Marya, who commanded the
robbers, since until the 18th century, Maryina Grove was part of a large
forest area where robbers lived.
Maryina Roshcha is a district in the North-Eastern Administrative
District of Moscow. The border of the district runs along Mira Avenue
from the border with Ostankinsky and Alekseevsky districts to
Sushchevsky Val Street, along which the border of the district reaches
Soviet Army Street, then turning to the theater of the Russian Army (not
inclusive). From Krestovsky Bridge to the theater of the Russian Army,
Maryina Grove borders on the Meshchansky District of the Central
Administrative District of Moscow. After the theater, the district is
adjacent to the Tverskoy district of the Central Administrative
District. Further, the border changes direction, passing along
Dostoevsky Street. Then the border passes along Tikhvinskaya Street and
again goes along Suschevsky Val, reaching the middle of the Savelovskaya
flyover, where the borders of five districts and three districts
converge at one point: Maryina Roshcha (SVAO), Tverskoy (CAO), Begovoy
(SAO), Savelovsky ( SAO) and Butyrsky (SVAO). After that, the border
line passes through the Savelovskaya platform, stretching along the
railway track to Skladochnaya Street, passing along it, and then along
the Kopytovka River to another railway track. Here, Maryina Grove
borders on the Butyrsky District of the North-Eastern Administrative
District. Along this path, the border runs parallel to Murmansky passage
(after the Sheremetyevskaya overpass) to Prospekt Mira. On this site,
the neighbor of Maryina Roshcha is the Ostankino district of the
North-Eastern administrative district. Then Maryina Roshcha borders on
the Alekseevsky district of the North-East Administrative Okrug, and
then again on the Meshchansky district of the Central Administrative
District.
Maryina Grove is the southernmost of all the districts
of the North-East Administrative Okrug.
Since ancient times, the Vyatichi Slavs lived on the territory of
this area. Maryinsky forests changed their owners many times. During the
reign of Empress Anna Ioannovna, they were owned by Prince Cherkassky,
then Count Sheremetiev.
Among the forests was the village of
Maryino. The first mention of the village of Maryino dates back to the
end of the 16th century. In the 17th century, a settlement already
existed here. In 1742, not far from the village of Maryino, the
Kamer-Kollezhsky shaft was carried out, at that time it was the border
of Moscow. The forest around the rampart was cut down, and the remaining
untouched groves became a favorite place for folk festivals for many
years. The Moscow "Almanac" in 1829 wrote: "The density of the grove,
completely dressed in greenery, offers a pleasant walk, here are several
miles in a circle with all the charms of untinted nature."
In
1750, by decree of Elizabeth Petrovna, the first cemetery in Moscow
appeared here. In the 19th century, quite a lot of household people of
the Sheremetevs lived here. In the village of Maryino lived the Mochalin
family of iconostapists, the Mandrygin family, one of whom, Ivan
Sergeevich, gilded the furniture of the Ostankino Palace.
In the
first half of the 19th century, Maryina Roshcha briefly became a
fashionable summer cottage - local residents began to rent their houses
for the summer to the townspeople.
By the time Tsar Alexander II
arrived in Ostankino in 1856, the peasants of Maryino laid a highway
from the Troitskaya road to Ostankino, which was called Tsarskoye.
In the second half of the 19th century, the Eldorado Garden was
located in Maryina Roshcha, which was closed in the early 1860s.
After the Peasant Reform of 1861, land in Maryina Roshcha began to be
leased out. This had a bad effect on the fate of Maryina Grove. The
“land society”, which received the Maryinoroshchinsk lands from the
Sheremetevs on a long-term lease, cut down the trees, and began to lease
the land to small owners.
Maryina Grove was built up with one-
and two-story houses for the poor. Traditional folk festivals have
stopped. After the construction of the Moscow-Petersburg railway,
Maryina Grove was cut off from Ostankino. Early in the morning and at
sunset, a large Moscow herd passed along the old road (now
Sheremetyevskaya Street), destroying the last islands of greenery. The
Vindavskaya line, the construction of which began in the 1890s, finally
cut the Maryinoroshchinskaya lands, and Maryina Roshcha turned into a
city dead end.
The situation changed after the construction of a
bridge across the railway, connecting both parts of Maryina Grove. This
gave impetus to the beginning of the industrial development of the area.
Krotov and Meteltsov built a hosiery factory on Suschevsky Val. Not far
from her, Gusarov set up the Patronka shot-casting plant, Meshchersky -
a lithograph. German Gustav List - a plant for the production of pumps
on the bend of the Vindava road (now the Borets plant). The appearance
of Maryina Grove gradually changed. Streets were paved, water supply and
sewerage were laid. Officially, Maryina Grove entered the city limits at
the end of the 19th century.
In 1897, the building of the
Imperial Moscow Engineering School of the Department of Railways was
built on the site of the former Eldorado Garden.
During the reign
of Emperor Nicholas II in 1903, the temple of Unexpected Joy was created
on Sheremetyevskaya Street. At the same time, the building of the Empire
cinematograph appeared in Maryina Roshcha.
In the 1910s, fish
warehouses appeared on the 4th street of Maryina Grove. Maryina Grove
was very popular with criminals, so there was a saying "In Maryina
Grove, people are simpler."
During the First World War, most of the men from the village of Maryino were drafted into the army.
During the NEP, the people of Maryinsk plowed 50 acres of land for
vegetable gardens and took up floriculture, which in those years brought
a good income.
In the 1930s and 1940s, the area of Maryina
Roshcha developed as an industrial appendage of Moscow. It was part of
the Dzerzhinsky district of Moscow. There were the Borets plant, the
hard alloy plant (M.K.T.S.), the Stankolit plant and others. From the
first days of the Great Patriotic War, these enterprises switched to the
production of military products, ammunition, weapons. An artillery
regiment was formed in the building of the current school No.
In
the late 1950s, five-story residential buildings began to be built. Also
in the area there are "Khrushchev", Brezhnev high-rise buildings, houses
of the modern era.
District education
In 1991, temporary
municipal districts Sheremetyevsky and Maryina Roshcha were created,
which were part of the North-Eastern Administrative District of Moscow.
After the adoption on July 5, 1995 of the law "On the territorial
division of the city of Moscow", this territory was included in the new
district of Moscow, called "Maryina Roshcha"
Currently, new buildings of two kindergartens and a
new building of the International Academy of Business and Management
(MABiU) on the 5th passage of Maryina Roshcha have been built.
Sheremetyevsky overpass. One-way are the 2nd street of Maryina Roshcha
(driving north until the intersection with the 3rd passage of Maryina
Roshcha), the section of the 5th passage of Maryina Roshcha (from the
2nd street of Maryina Roshcha to the 1st Streletsky passage, movement to
the west. On Many business centers are currently being built on
Suschevsky Val.
There are several schools. Secondary school No.
237 (physical and mathematical bias, form - crimson jacket), No. 242,
No. 259, No. 1414, Gymnasium No. 1572 (Slope in English, form - black
jacket, black trousers, white shirt), No. 1956 (aesthetic bias , form -
green jacket). All these schools form the complex GBOU School of Maryina
Roshcha im. V. F. Orlova.
In Maryina Grove there was a synagogue
built in 1926. The synagogue burned down in 1993, now the Moscow Jewish
Community Center stands in its place. The educational complex "Beit
Shvidler" operates at the center, within the framework of which the
Jewish school "Mesivta" operates.
Moscow Youth Center "Planet
KVN" (formerly the cinema "Havana"). Theater "Satyricon" (previously in
this building there was a cinema "Tajikistan", built on the site where
the once famous folk festivals took place).
In November 2005, a
tunnel was opened on Suschevsky Val Street.
On June 19, 2010, the
Maryina Roshcha metro station was opened.
Square on the 9th passage of Maryina Roshcha
The
square with an area of about a hectare is located between the 8th and
9th lanes of Maryina Roshcha. It was improved in 2015-2016. The
infrastructure of the square is made up of playgrounds (one for younger
children, the second for older children), workout areas with exercise
equipment and horizontal bars, as well as quiet recreation areas.
Square of family, love and fidelity
The park was built on a
wasteland near house 26 on Sheremetyevskaya Street in 2018. It was
dedicated to the theme of family, love and fidelity, and across the
street from it is the Temple of the Icon of the Mother of God
"Unexpected Joy". Topiary figures were installed in the square,
depicting a family of three bears and a pair of storks in a nest - this
bird is a symbol of the family. In addition, benches with topiary
borders were installed and flower beds were planted - tulips were
planted here and a vertical flower bed in the shape of a heart was
installed.
Fight Square
The former name of the square is
Alexandrovskaya, it got its name from the Alexander Institute for Noble
Maidens, founded here in 1891. In 1918, it was renamed in memory of the
October armed uprising in Moscow, several battles of which took place in
this area. The square is a small square with flower beds and two
monuments dedicated to the heroes of the poem "Moscow-Petushki" by
Venedikt Erofeev - Venichka and his girlfriend. The monuments were moved
here in 2000, on the tenth anniversary of the death of the writer - the
monument to Venichka was moved to the square from the Kursk railway
station, and his girlfriend - from the city of Petushki.
Square
on Polkova Street
The park with an area of about a hectare is located
between Polkovaya Street and Proektiruemyy proezd No. 1191. In 2021, the
infrastructure in the park was updated. There are three recreational
areas here - for adults there is a walking space with benches for
relaxing and ping-pong tables, for events there is an indoor stage with
a two-story amphitheater and space for relaxation, and for children
there are playgrounds for different ages.
On May 19, 1828, A. S. Pushkin visited the festivities
in Maryina Grove before leaving for St. Petersburg.
N.V. Gogol and
Governor-General Prince Dolgorukov also came here for folk festivals.
The writer F. M. Dostoevsky lived in the southern part of the district.
A street and a metro station are named after him.
At the beginning of
the 20th century, S.P. Korolev, General Designer of spaceships, lived on
Oktyabrskaya Street for a time.
The clown L. G. Yengibarov and the
illusionist I. E. Kio lived here.
A. A. Vainer spent his childhood.
In 1982, A. I. Raikin and K. A. Raikin moved the Leningrad Theater of
Miniatures to Moscow on Sheremetyevskaya Street. In 1987 it was renamed
into the Moscow Satyricon Theatre.
Akhmatova called Khardzhiev's
eight-meter room in Maryina Roshcha (Aleksandrovsky per., 43, apt. 4)
the "refuge of poets." Whoever found shelter in the 30-40s of the XX
century in this "wooden box"! This room was visited by Pasternak,
Kruchenykh, Narbut, Zenkevich, Kharms, Vvedensky, Oleinikov, Malevich,
Tatlin, Churilin, Suetin, Punin, Mandelstam and many many others. Here,
in early June 1941, Anna Akhmatova and Marina Tsvetaeva met, after which
Akhmatova said: “But still, I’m a heifer in front of her.”
From 1964
to 2014 Russian human rights activist Valeria Novodvorskaya lived here.