New Canyon Tank Wreck (Aqaba)

New Canyon Tank Wreck (Aqaba)

Location: Aqaba Gulf

 

Description

The New Canyon Tank Wreck, often referred to as “The Tank” within the Aqaba Marine Reserve (AMR) in Aqaba, Jordan, is a prominent artificial reef and dive site located near the New Canyon dive site along the Gulf of Aqaba’s Red Sea coastline. Scuttled on September 1, 1999, by the Jordanian Royal Ecological Diving Society (JREDS), this M42 Duster anti-aircraft vehicle rests at a shallow depth of approximately 5–6 meters, making it accessible to divers, snorkelers, and freedivers of all skill levels. Situated just 20 meters from shore near South Beach, close to the Seven Sisters coral reef and the C-130 Hercules wreck, The Tank is a vibrant marine habitat covered in corals and teeming with fish, serving as a popular safety stop for divers exploring nearby sites like New Canyon.

 

History and Establishment

The Tank, an American-made M42 Duster anti-aircraft vehicle originally used by the Jordanian Army, was deliberately sunk in 1999 as part of JREDS’s efforts to create artificial reefs in the Gulf of Aqaba. The initiative aimed to enhance marine biodiversity, divert diver pressure from natural coral reefs, and boost Aqaba’s growing dive tourism industry. The M42 Duster, a self-propelled anti-aircraft gun developed in the 1950s for the U.S. Army and later exported to allies like Jordan, was stripped of hazardous materials—fuels, oils, lubricants, and electrical wiring—by the military to ensure environmental safety before scuttling, as noted in sources like Dive Magazine and Arab Divers.

The Tank’s placement in shallow waters near South Beach, within the AMR’s 7-kilometer protected coastline, was strategic. Established in 1997 as the Aqaba Marine Park and reclassified as a marine reserve in 2020, the AMR is managed by the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority (ASEZA), which oversees conservation and tourism under By-Law No. 22 (2001). The Tank’s proximity to other artificial reefs, such as the C-130 Hercules (scuttled 2017) and the Cedar Pride (1985), reflects Jordan’s long-standing commitment to wreck diving, championed by the royal family, particularly King Abdullah II, a keen diver.

The Tank’s sinking followed the success of the Cedar Pride, scuttled at King Abdullah II’s request, and preceded the 2019 Underwater Military Museum, which added 19 military vehicles, including tanks and helicopters, to the AMR. The Tank’s location near New Canyon, a coral-walled dive site discovered after the 1983 Aqaba earthquake, enhances its appeal, as divers often combine visits to both during a single dive, using The Tank for safety stops. This integration into Aqaba’s dive ecosystem has made The Tank a landmark, as described by Arab Divers as “a true landmark for all divers in Aqaba.”

 

Ecological Role and Biodiversity

The Tank, resting on a sandy seabed at 5–6 meters depth, has transformed into a thriving artificial reef over its 26 years underwater. Its shallow placement, warm waters (21–27°C), gentle currents, and excellent visibility (20–30 meters) have fostered significant coral growth and marine life colonization, creating a vibrant ecosystem.

Key Ecological Features:
Coral Growth: The Tank is encrusted with hard and soft corals, including Acropora, Porites, and Dendronephthya, which have rendered its structure “virtually unrecognizable,” per Wonders Travel. Sponges and gorgonians add texture, with soft corals dominating the hull and turret, as noted by Dive Magazine.
Fish Species: The wreck attracts a diverse array of reef fish, including lionfish (Pterois volitans), scorpionfish (Scorpaenidae), anthias (Pseudanthias squamipinnis), damselfish (Pomacentridae), and trunkfish (Ostraciidae). Schools of fusiliers and sergeant majors swirl around the structure, while moray eels (Gymnothorax) inhabit crevices, per Arab Divers and Deep Blue Dive Center.
Invertebrates: The Tank hosts cleaner shrimp, sea urchins, and juvenile invertebrates, with occasional nudibranchs and crabs hiding in coral heads. The surrounding seagrass beds (Halophila stipulacea) nurture juvenile fish, enhancing biodiversity, as described by Snorkeling-Report.
Macro Life: The wreck’s shallow depth and intricate surfaces make it ideal for spotting macro species like pipefish and juvenile corals, attracting underwater photographers, per Evendo.
Environmental Conditions: The Gulf’s stable conditions—mild currents, warm temperatures, and high visibility—support The Tank’s ecological success. Its sandy bottom placement avoids damaging natural reefs, aligning with ASEZA’s conservation goals.
The Tank’s ecological role extends beyond its immediate habitat. By drawing divers and snorkelers away from fragile natural reefs like Seven Sisters, it reduces physical damage to corals, a critical function given tourism pressures noted in Tripadvisor reviews. Its proximity to New Canyon, a deeper site with scorpionfish, stonefish, and octopuses, creates a complementary dive experience, balancing shallow and deep ecosystems. However, reports of litter and fishing nets near South Beach, as cited on Tripadvisor, suggest ongoing threats to the wreck’s environment.

 

Diving and Snorkeling Experiences

The Tank’s shallow depth (5–6 meters), shore accessibility (20 meters from South Beach), and proximity to New Canyon make it a versatile dive and snorkel site, ideal for beginners, freedivers, and photographers. Its integration into multi-site dives, often as a safety stop after New Canyon or the C-130 Hercules, enhances its popularity, as noted by Wonders Travel and Arab Divers.

Snorkeling:
Access: A 1–2-minute swim from South Beach’s sandy shore, with a gentle entry over seagrass and small corals. Beware of fire corals near the shore, per Arab Divers.
Highlights: Snorkelers view The Tank’s coral-encrusted hull, turret, and resident fish like lionfish and anthias from the surface (3–5 m). The wreck’s compact size (6 meters long) allows full exploration, with clear waters enhancing visibility of soft corals and schools of fish.
Equipment: Masks, fins, and snorkels (~5–10 JOD) are rentable at dive centers like Nemo Dive Center. Life vests ensure safety for novices.
Duration: 30–60 minutes, often combined with Seven Sisters (a short swim away).

Scuba Diving:
Access: Shore entry from South Beach or boat dives via centers like Deep Blue Dive Center or Aqaba International Dive Center. The wreck is marked by its visibility from shore, requiring minimal navigation.

Highlights:
Explore the hull, turret, and engine bay, where corals and sponges thrive. Moray eels and scorpionfish hide in crevices, per Dive Magazine.
The Tank’s shallow depth allows extended exploration (45–60 minutes) with low air consumption, ideal for training dives or PADI Wreck Specialty courses.
Night dives reveal bioluminescent plankton and nocturnal species like octopuses, with the wreck’s silhouette creating a dramatic backdrop, per Arab Divers.
Photographers capture macro life (nudibranchs, shrimp) and wide-angle shots of fish schools, as noted by Evendo.
Conditions: No currents, 20–30-meter visibility, and 21–27°C water temperatures ensure comfort. A 3–5mm wetsuit suffices year-round.
Equipment and Training: Dive centers provide gear (~30–50 JOD per dive) and courses (~300 JOD for PADI Open Water). Guided dives enforce conservation rules (no touching corals or wreck).
Duration: 20–30 minutes as a safety stop or 45–60 minutes as a dedicated dive, often paired with New Canyon (12–35 m) or the C-130 Hercules (17 m).

Freediving:
The Tank’s 5–6-meter depth is perfect for freedivers, with mild currents and warm waters allowing relaxed breath-hold dives. Abood Freediver recommends warm-up shallow dives and buddy diving for safety, capturing unique images of the wreck’s corals.

Other Activities:
Glass-bottom boat tours (~15–25 JOD) offer views of The Tank for non-swimmers, though its shallow depth is less dramatic than deeper wrecks like the Cedar Pride, per Coral Vision Glass Boat reviews.
Tripadvisor reviews praise The Tank’s “gorgeous” marine life and accessibility, but some note overcrowding during peak seasons (summer), recommending early morning visits to avoid dive groups.

 

Cultural and Environmental Significance

The Tank is a microcosm of the AMR’s conservation and ecotourism goals, with significant cultural and environmental roles:

Conservation Impact: As an artificial reef, The Tank diverts diver pressure from natural reefs like Seven Sisters, reducing coral damage, as noted by ASEZA’s Abdullah Abu-Awali. Its placement on a sandy bottom avoids harming existing ecosystems, aligning with the AMR’s 2020 reserve status and Sustainable Development Goals.
Biodiversity Hub: The wreck’s coral and fish populations enhance the AMR’s biodiversity, part of the Red Sea’s WWF “Global 200 Eco-Region.” Its shallow ecosystem supports juvenile fish, contributing to reef health, per UNESCO’s AMR profile.
Ecotourism Draw: The Tank’s accessibility and vibrant marine life attract global divers, boosting Aqaba’s economy, a duty-free zone with projects like Ayla Oasis, per TIME’s 2023 “World’s Greatest Places” list. Its proximity to wrecks like the C-130 Hercules makes it a must-visit, per Dive Magazine.
Cultural Symbol: The Tank reflects Jordan’s royal commitment to diving, initiated by King Abdullah II’s support for artificial reefs. Its inclusion in the AMR’s “Underwater Military Museum” narrative ties it to Jordanian military history, as noted by Saguaro Scuba.
Scientific Value: The Tank’s coral growth offers insights into artificial reef development, supporting the AMR’s goal to become a global marine research hub, per X posts from 2021. Its shallow depth facilitates studies on coral-fish interactions.
Educational Role: Dive centers use The Tank to teach conservation, though limited signage, per Tripadvisor, hinders broader awareness. Its accessibility makes it a training ground for novice divers and photographers.
The Tank’s significance is tempered by challenges, such as pollution from Aqaba’s port and tourism, which threaten its ecosystem, per UNESCO’s AMR report. Its prominence also risks overshadowing natural reefs, requiring careful management.

 

Accessibility and Visitor Information

Location: Within the AMR, near South Beach, 6 miles south of Aqaba city center (approx. 29.5246957, 34.9994635). The Tank is 20 meters offshore, near Seven Sisters and the C-130 Hercules, close to New Canyon.
Access:
By Air: King Hussein International Airport (AQJ), 10 km from Aqaba, with taxis to South Beach (~15–20 min, ~5–10 JOD).
By Road: From Amman, a 4–5-hour drive (330 km) via the Desert Highway. JETT buses (~7 JOD) or taxis (~50–70 JOD) reach Aqaba; taxis to South Beach (~3–5 JOD) or local buses. From Aqaba, drive along King Hussein St., turn left onto Prince Mohammed St., and follow signs to The Tank’s parking area.
By Sea: Ferries from Taba/Sharm El Sheikh (Egypt) to Aqaba port; taxis to South Beach (~10–15 min).
Opening Hours: South Beach is open daily, ~7:00 AM–6:00 PM; dive centers may extend hours for night dives. Confirm via ASEZA or operators like Deep Blue Dive Center.
Admission: Free beach access; snorkeling (~10–20 JOD for gear/guide), diving (~30–50 JOD per dive), glass-bottom boats (~15–25 JOD). Book via Nemo Dive Center or Aqaba International Dive Center.
Best Time to Visit: Spring (March–May) and fall (September–November) for air temperatures of 20–30°C (68–86°F) and water at 22–26°C (72–79°F). Summer (June–August) is hot (up to 50°C/122°F), but water is comfortable (26–28°C). Winter (December–February) requires 5mm wetsuits (15–20°C/59–68°F air).
Visit Duration: 30–60 minutes for snorkeling; 20–60 minutes for diving, often as a safety stop after New Canyon or C-130 Hercules. Multi-dive days (4–6 hours) combine sites.
Nearby Attractions: Seven Sisters, C-130 Hercules, Japanese Garden (within AMR); Aqaba Fortress (10 km); Sharif Hussein Bin Ali Mosque (10 km); Wadi Rum (60 km); Petra (125 km). Bedouin Garden Village offers dining/camping near South Beach.
Accessibility Features: South Beach’s sandy shore is accessible, but rocky entry points challenge mobility-impaired visitors. Dive centers support disabled divers. Restrooms, shaded areas, and parking are available; bring water/snacks, as vendors are limited.
Tips: Book dives/snorkeling via https://deepbluedivecenter.com or https://diveaqaba.com. Use reef-safe sunscreen, water shoes, and rash guards. Follow conservation rules (no touching corals/wreck). Early morning dives avoid crowds. Negotiate taxi fares upfront. Check for festivals via https://www.visitjordan.com.