Lutherstadt Eisleben is the second largest city in the district
of Mansfeld-Südharz in the eastern Harz foreland in Saxony-Anhalt.
It is known as the place of birth and death of Martin Luther. In
honor of the city's greatest son, Eisleben has been nicknamed
"Lutherstadt" since 1946. The Luther memorials in Eisleben and
Wittenberg have been UNESCO World Heritage Sites since 1996.
Eisleben belongs to the Federation of Luther Cities. The Luther
sites in Eisleben and Wittenberg were combined to form the Luther
Memorials Foundation in Saxony-Anhalt.
Eisleben extends over
an area of about 25 by 10 kilometers, as several surrounding
communities have been incorporated. The largest district is Helfta
with the 1999 revitalized monastery.
The core city is 30 km
west of Halle (Saale) in a long lowland tongue, the so-called
Eisleben lowland in the south-eastern part of the district. The
urban area through which the evil seven flows is dominated by
agricultural land. Between Unter- and Oberrißdorf the landscape
rises to the Mansfelder Platte, a low mountain plateau, the urban
area covers the main part of the Platte. The southern part of the
urban area is traversed by the wooded ridge of Hornburger Sattel,
the southernmost district of Osterhausen is almost in the Helmetal.
The Eisleben Theater was founded on July 13, 1945 as the first German post-war theater and has operated under the name Landesbühne Sachsen-Anhalt since 1990. Due to a massive reduction in funding by the state of Saxony-Anhalt, which was linked to additional requirements, the Theater Eisleben will in future concentrate on cultural mediation as Kulturwerk Mansfeld-Südharz. At the end of 2018, the state government – probably also as a result of protests – corrected the cuts in subsidies somewhat. For 2019 to 2023 there is a little more than five percent of the money. In addition, the state assumes higher personnel costs insofar as they are caused by wage increases.
Martin Luther's Birthplace is a mid-15th-century town house where
Martin Luther was born on November 10, 1483. In 1693 the city set up a
memorial for Martin Luther and the Reformation there. This makes
Luther's birthplace one of the oldest museums in the German-speaking
world. In 1817, on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of the
Reformation, a separate building was built on the adjacent site to house
the Luther School. Both buildings have belonged to the Luther Memorials
Foundation in Saxony-Anhalt since 1997. In 2007 they were supplemented
by a connecting building and an entrance building on the opposite side
of the street.
The Luther poor school, a foundation of the Prussian
King Friedrich Wilhelm III, is part of the building complex of the
birthplace.
Martin Luther's death house is a late Gothic patrician
house and was built around 1500.
Regional history collections, dating
back to the Bergrat Carl Friedrich Ludwig Plümicke at the beginning of
the 19th century. Viewing for trade visitors on request, photos of the
exhibits will be published online one after the other.
St. Petri-Pauli is a three-nave hall church and was first mentioned
in 1333. The western tower was built in 1447-1513. The tower dome in its
current form dates from 1562. Luther was baptized there on November 11,
1483, one day after his birth.
The St. Andrew's Church is a late
Gothic hall church with a three-nave choir on a Romanesque predecessor.
Martin Luther delivered his last four sermons there in 1546.
St.
Anne's Church, laying of the foundation stone in 1514, with Augustinian
hermit monastery and vicarage from 1670.
St. Nicolai Church, first
half of the 15th century
The Old Gertrudiskirche was built in 1865 as
the first Catholic church in Eisleben after the Reformation. After the
church had become too small, it was replaced by a new building on the
monastery square. The old church was sold and used as a gym.
The
Catholic St. Gertrude Church, inaugurated in 1916, is the replacement
building for the Old Gertrude Church.
Helfta Monastery
St.
Spiritus Chapel, inaugurated in 1885, the successor to a 13th-century
church demolished in 1882 at the Heilig-Geist-Stift
The former
synagogue in Eisleben was inaugurated in 1814 and rebuilt in 1850. In
1938 she was violated. Since 2001 it has been restored.
The crown cemetery, in the style of a Camposanto, was inaugurated in
1533 as a hereditary burial place for rich families from Eisleb.
The
Soviet cemeteries are the resting place for 124 prisoners of war and
deported civilians.
The city's cultural monuments are included in the list of cultural
monuments in Lutherstadt Eisleben.
The Luther monument was
created by Rudolf Siemering in 1883 and stands on the market square.
The Lenin Monument was created in 1926 by the Russian sculptor Matvei
Maniser and stood in Pushkin until 1942. It was brought to Eisleben by
the Wehrmacht for metal extraction, but was not melted down. So after
the war it could be placed in a prominent place in Eisleben. It was
removed in 1991 after the Peaceful Revolution, and after restoration it
is now on loan to the German Historical Museum in Berlin.
The comrade
Martin, also called "Bergmannsroland", is the symbolic figure of the
legal independence of the new Eisleben from the old town. It is
attributed to the statues of Roland in Saxony-Anhalt.
The Carl Eitz
stone was erected in honor of the teacher and acoustician.
The
memorial trees are two rows of linden trees that were planted on March
17, 1864 to mark the 50th anniversary of the Battle of Leipzig.
The
marathon runner (1911) by the sculptor Max Kruse is reminiscent of the
teachers' seminar that was located in Eisleben from 1826 to 1926.
The
Gate of Admonition in the city park was designed by the sculptor Richard
Horn to commemorate the victims of the First World War and was
inaugurated in 1932.
The Friedrich Koenig monument commemorates the
Eisleb inventor of the high-speed press Friedrich Koenig and was created
in 1891 by the sculptor Fritz Schaper.
The Ernst Leuschner monument
was created in 1903 by the sculptor Carl Seffner in memory of the
Oberberg and Hüttendirektor Ernst Leuschner (1826-1898).
According to
the inscription Ante 1843 (= before 1843), the Plümicke-Stein survey
monument on the Stadtterrassen, former mining school garden, was
possibly used as an adjustment table for the Markscheider training
course at the Eisleben mining school.
The town hall of the old town was built in 1508-1532.
City Palace
of the Counts of Mansfeld
Count's Mint, Renaissance building
The
old grammar school was built between 1563 and 1564 as a "common Latin
school". After the town fire in 1601, it was rebuilt in 1604. The
religious songwriter Martin Rinckart worked there from 1610 to 1611. In
1883 the now Royal Prussian Gymnasium moved to the new school building
on Schlossplatz.
The old superintendent was built on three floors at
the beginning of the 16th century. Under Johannes Agricola, Magister
Islebeius, it was a boys' school in 1525. In 1546, according to the
Luther treaty, it was also called the "Fortunate Latin School". A fire
in 1601 caused severe damage, but the remarkable late Gothic portal
survived.
The old scale was rebuilt between 1840 and 1877 in its
current, late classical form on the east side of the market square. It
was originally built in the 16th century to replace an earlier
department store.
Old Vicariate
The old mountain school is a
baroque building that originally housed the hospital of the
Katharinenstift. From 1817 to 1844 the Eisleber Bergschule, founded in
1798, was located in the house.
The Town Hall of the Neustadt
(Eisleben) (Old Court) was built in 1571–1589.
The Mohrenapotheke was
set up in 1817 in what used to be the Oberaufseherhaus in Electoral
Saxony.
million bridge
The house of the administrator of the
Katharinenstiftgut was built in 1723 in the baroque style with a
magnificent gable, mansard roof and stuccoed entrance.
The district
court of Eisleben was built in 1913.
In the GDR, an artists' plein air organized by the Mansfeld combine
took place in Eisleben from the mid-1970s.
The Eisleber Wiesenmarkt,
the largest folk festival in Central Germany,[68] takes place every
third weekend in September and dates back to 1521, when Emperor Charles
V granted permission for a cattle and ox market to be held. Furthermore,
the spring meadow takes place every year.
Culture night in the Helfta
monastery
Lutherstadt Eisleben is located in an area where the Mansfalter
dialect is spoken. This border dialect between Thuringia and Upper
Saxony can also be heard with variations in the surrounding villages.
The core town of Eisleben lies within the Mansfeld dialect in the
dialect of the actual Mansfeld dialect. As a special feature, there are
slightly purer vowels in the city than in the surrounding area. There
used to be slightly different pronunciations in the individual districts
of Eisleben. In particular, the dialects of the old town and the new
town were distinguishable.
Characteristic of what is actually
Mansfeldic are u. a. the sound shifts from o to u (Uhstern instead of
Easter), ei to ä (railway instead of legs), e to i (sihre instead of
very) and äu to ai (baime instead of trees). In the literature, an
example sentence of what is actually Mansfeldic is called in Eisleben: I
can't hear anything in one ear anymore.
The towns of Lutherstadt
Eisleben are also mainly home to what is actually Mansfeld. In contrast
to the core city, however, there is a slightly coarser pronunciation. As
early as 1886 it was noted that the dialect of the region was becoming
more and more adulterated and forgotten.
The dialect has recently
gained regional recognition through the comedy duo Elsterglanz from
Eisleben, which performs skits in the town's dialect. Two movies have
even been made.
The Mansfelder SV Eisleben is a sports club from the Lutherstadt
Eisleben. The sports facility is the 5,000-seat municipal sports field
with two grass pitches and one artificial grass pitch and a covered
grandstand.
The KAV Mansfelder Land is a club from the city and
competed in the 1st Bundesliga wrestling from 2013 to 2015.
by car
Eisleben is located almost 15 kilometers north of the A38
Halle - Göttingen motorway and is connected via the exit of the same
name and the B180. The B180 will be bypassed to the east of the city.
The B80, which once crossed Eisleben in an east-west direction, has been
graded into a state road since the opening of the largely parallel
autobahn.
by train
Eisleben is on the Halle - Sangerhausen -
Kassel railway line, and all regional trains on the line stop there.
Regional express trains run to Halle every hour, on working days there
are also RB trains; Travel time from Hall 35 to 40'. Eisleben train
station is about a kilometer south of the city center and slightly up
the hill.
by bus
Eisleben can be reached by bus from the
surrounding area (e.g. Aschersleben, Hettstedt, Querfurt), usually every
hour on weekdays and every two hours on weekends. The Eisleben bus
station is north of the center and about half an hour's walk from the
train station.
on foot
The Saxony-Anhalt Luther Trail
leads from Unterrissdorf through Eisleben, the next town is Mansfeld.
Stations are the St. Petri-Pauli Church, the house where he was born,
St. Andrew's Church, the house where he died and St. Anne's Church (see
Sights).
In the historic center, distances are short and you can (and should because of the fewer parking spaces in the sometimes narrow streets) walk. Suburbs and the train station, which is a bit out of the way, are connected by buses that go further afield. The central transfer point is at the bus station, not at the train station.
As a medium-sized center, Eisleben plays an important role in
supplying the local population. You get goods for everyday needs, in the
city center the typical small town Diech, Fiel, Ross and Tengelmann
mixture. On the arterial road in the direction of Halle, there is a
large commercial area with a large retail area.
1 REWE Center,
Herner Str. 7, 06295 Eisleben. Tel.: +49 (0)3475 7256964. Open: Mon –
Fri 7 a.m. – 10 p.m., Sat 7 a.m. – 8 p.m.
2 Kaufland, Hallesche
Strasse 77, 06295 Eisleben. Tel.: +49 (0)3475 71170. Open: Mon – Fri 7
a.m. – 10 p.m., Sat 7 a.m. – 8 p.m.
1 Steakhouse Virginia, Kuestergasse 3, 06295 Eisleben. Phone:
+49(0)3475 680646, email: info@steakhouse-virginia.de. Menu with a huge
selection. Open: Sun–Thu 11 a.m.–2 p.m. + 5.30 p.m.–10.30 p.m., Fri +
Sat 11 a.m.–2 p.m. + 5.30 p.m.–11.30 p.m.
2 Restaurant Metaxa,
Landwehr 1, 06295 Eisleben. Tel.: +49(0)3475 654910. Restaurant with
Greek specialties. Open: daily 11 a.m. – 2.30 p.m. + 5 p.m. – midnight.
3 Pizzeria Milano, Sangerhäuserstrasse 33, 06295 Eisleben. Tel.:
+49(0)3475 2079849. Italian cuisine as well as Indian specialties are on
the menu here. Open: Mon 4pm - 10pm, Tue - Fri 11am - 2pm + 5pm - 10pm,
Sat 4pm - 10pm, Sun + public holidays 12pm - 10pm.
4 Council Chamber,
Markt 12/13, 06295 Eisleben. Phone: +49(0)3475 602971, fax: +49(0)3475
711946, email: kontakt@ratsstube-eisleben.de. Open: Tue – Thu 11 a.m. –
11 p.m., Fri + Sat 11 a.m. – 1 a.m., Sun 11 a.m. – 6 p.m.; from 01.04. –
30.09. with beer garden.
5 Lutherschenke Eisleben, Lutherstrasse 19,
06295 Eisleben. Phone: +49 (0)3475 614775, email:
info@lutherschenke-eisleben.de. Bohemian specialties right next to
Martin Luther's birthplace. Slightly higher price level. Beer garden
available. Open: Mon – Fri 11 a.m. – 3 p.m. + 6 p.m. – 10 p.m., Sat 11
a.m. – 10 p.m., Sun 11 a.m. – 5 p.m.
Molotow Lounge & Cocktailbar, Markt 57, 06295 Eisleben. Open: Wed 6 p.m. – 1 a.m., Thu 8 p.m. – midnight, Fri + Sat 8 p.m. – 3 a.m., Sun – Tue closed.
1 Deckert's Hotel, Friedensstrasse 2, 06295 Eisleben. Phone:
+49(0)3475 6690, fax: +49(0)3475 669221, email: info@deckerts-hotel.de.
Price: single room €49, double room from €72 (each including breakfast).
2 Hotel "Alter Simpel", Glockenstrasse 7, 06295 Eisleben. Phone:
+49(0)3475 696507, Fax: +49(0)3475 663398, Email:
hotelaltersimpel@hotmail.com. Right in the center (near the market
square), there is a pub in the house. Check in: 14:00 - 20:00. Check
out: 10:30 am. Price: Single room from €38, double room from €55 (each
including breakfast).
3 Hotel "Graf von Mansfeld", Markt 56, 06295
Eisleben (city centre/next to the town hall/on the market square).
Phone: +49 3475 66300, fax: +49 3475 250723, email:
info@hotel-eisleben.de. A restaurant with German cuisine is also located
in the house. Open: 24/7. Check-in: 3:00 p.m. Check out: 11:00 am.
Price: Single room from €70, double room for single use from €75, double
room from €100, suite from €130. Accepted payment methods: Mastercard,
VISA, American Express, Cash.
4 Hotel Garni – Pension Zur
Lutherstadt, Göthestraße 46, 06295 Eisleben OT Helfta. Tel.: +49 3475
6315535, fax: +49 3475 6315537, e-mail:
sleeping@pension-lutherstadt-eisleben.de. Feature: pension. Price:
double room for single use from €40, double room from €55 (breakfast
plus €5).
5 Pension "Zum Poldi", Hauptstraße 44, 06295 Eisleben OT
Helfta. Tel.: +49 3475 719409, e-mail: hart.werner@web.de. The kitchen
offers a small menu with mostly German dishes. Feature: pension. Open:
Restaurant: Wed–Sun 3:00 p.m.–11:00 p.m., Mon–Tues are days off. Price:
Overnight stay from €25 per person (plus €5 breakfast per person).
Police station, Friedensstrasse 7, 06295 Eisleben. Phone: +49 (0)3475 6700.
Hospital
1 Helios Clinic, Hohetorstrasse 25, 06295 Eisleben.
Phone: +49 (0)3475 900.
Pharmacies
2 Helpide pharmacy,
Hallesche Str. 77, 06295 Eisleben. Phone: +49 3475 714580, fax: +49 3475
714582, email: helpideapo@web.de. Open: Mon - Wed 8 a.m. - 7.30 p.m.,
Thu + Fri 8 a.m. - 8 p.m., Sat 8 a.m. - 4 p.m.
3 Glückauf Pharmacy,
Schillerstrasse 40, 06295 Eisleben. Phone: +49 3475 716288, fax: +49
3475 7259004, email: info@glueckauf-apo.de. Open: Mon - Thu, Fri 8 a.m.
- 6 p.m., Wed 8 a.m. - 4 p.m., Sat 8.30 a.m. - 12 p.m.
4 Löwen
pharmacy, Markt 18, 06295 Eisleben. Phone: +49 3475 602274, fax: +49
3475 602277, e-mail: loewen.apo.eisleben@t-online.de. Open: Mon - Fri 8
a.m. - 6 p.m., Sat 9 a.m. - 12 p.m.
5 Mohren Pharmacy, Markt 34,
06295 Eisleben. Tel.: (0)3475 02305, fax: (0)3475 602318, e-mail:
Mohrenapotheke.eisleben@t-online.de. Open: Mon - Fri 8 a.m. - 6 p.m.,
Sat 9 a.m. - 11.30 a.m.
Tourist Information Lutherstadt Eisleben, Markt 22, 06295 Eisleben. Tel.: +49 3475 602124. Tourist Information Lutherstadt Eisleben & Stadt Mansfeld e.V. Open: Mon 10 a.m. – 5 p.m., Tue 10 a.m. – 6 p.m., Wed – Fri 10 a.m. – 5 p.m., Sat 10 a.m. – 2 p.m.
In the 3rd to 5th centuries,
the time of the great migrations, Suebian tribes, fishing and
warning from the Holstein, Schleswig and Mecklenburg area moved
south. West of the Elbe and Saale as far as Thuringia, this path can
be traced by the endings of the place names “-leben”. For example,
between Haldensleben and Erfurt, around 100 towns and villages with
this ending in the place name emerged. According to Hermann
Großesler, the word “life” in this context means heritage or genetic
material. The front part of this place name refers to the clan of
the landlords.
In the 5th century, the immigrants had mixed
with the resident Hermundurs and belonged to the Thuringian Empire,
which was ended in 531 by the Franks. Northern Thuringia was settled
as a result of the defeat by Saxony. In the further course of
history, Franconian kings settled Swabian, Hessian and Frisian
farmers in some regions. Dormer designations such as Schwabengau,
Hassegau and Friesenfeld were created.
The
moated castle on Faulen See
In the 9th and 10th centuries, a
moated castle was built on the west bank of the so-called "Lazy
Lake". On November 23, 994 Eisleben is in a document of the later
Emperor Otto III. named as one of six places that had previously
received market privileges including coinage and customs rights. The
market town, which developed at the intersection of two trade routes
and under the protection of the royal moated castle, was a royal
table goods in which the taxes from the surrounding villages were
received.
In 1081, the Saxon princes in Eisleben confirmed the election of Hermann von Luxemburg (1053-1088), Count von Salm, to be the anti-king of Henry IV while he was in Italy. Hermann resided in the Eisleber moated castle and was besieged by Heinrich's troops from Friesland. Count Ernst von Mansfeld came to the rescue and defeated the Frisians. For a long time the battlefield was called Friesenstrasse, today Freestrasse. After Hermann could not collect enough support to enforce his claim to the throne until 1084, he left the city. Since a lot of garlic is said to have grown in front of the walls of the castle at that time, he was called the "king of garlic". On the north wall of the town hall there is a sandstone sculpture which, according to tradition, represents the king. Today he is an image figure in tourism advertising.
In 1069
the Mansfeld family, which had their ancestral castle in Mansfeld,
received the office of count from Emperor Heinrich IV. Eisleben soon
developed into the capital of this county. From 1121 the Counts of
Mansfeld appointed a city bailiff for the city's government. It was
not until 1809 that Eisleben had an independent mayor who had not
been appointed by the authorities. Around 1150, the draining of the
"Faulen See", a wetland on the eastern edge of the settlement area,
began. Bishop Wichmann of Magdeburg had called in Frisians and
Flemings for the construction of drainage ditches and dams, which
were then settled in the later Nicolaiviertel. The traces can still
be read today by means of many ditches and dams, for example on the
Landwehr.
In the middle of the 12th century, the construction
of the first city wall, which encompassed the market and the
surrounding streets, began. The wall was built by the townspeople,
and each craft guild was responsible for maintaining and defending a
section. Guarding the gates was the responsibility of the city
servants paid by the city. This wall only surrounded the market and
a few surrounding streets.
In 1180 Eisleben was first
mentioned as a city (civitas) with twelve councilors (consules)
under the direction of the town bailiff. The townspeople were liable
to pay taxes to the Counts of Mansfeld, and the town had lower
jurisdiction. The oldest known coinage of the Eisleber coin dates
back to 1183. There were two parishes, St. Andreas and St. Gotthard.
Around the year 1200, a copper ore deposit was discovered for the first time on the Kupferberg in Hettstedt; according to legend, by the miners Nappian and Neucke, who are the symbolic figures of the Mansfeld mining industry to this day. At first the farmers were still digging on their own land, but it soon developed into a trade. The Bergrecht (Bergregal) granted Emperor Friedrich II. The Mansfeld Counts in 1215; In 1364 it was confirmed by Charles IV. Mining changed the economic structure and became the basis for the wealth of both the counts and the city.
The Cistercian monastery of St. Maria was
founded by Count Burchard I of Mansfeld in 1229 and was initially
built near Mansfeld Castle. This also included the
Katharinenhospital in Eisleben. In 1234, Count Burchard's widow
relocated the monastery to the current desolation of Rossdorf
(northwest of Eisleben, near Katharinenhölzchen, written Rodhersdorf
in 1229, last mentioned as Rostdorff in 1579), whose location close
to Castle Mansfeld was of course not wisely chosen. But Rossdorf
also turned out to be an unfavorable place due to the great lack of
water.
In 1258, at the instigation of Abbess Gertrud von
Hackeborn, the monastery was moved to Helfta, today's district of
Eisleben. The abbess had bought the piece of land in Helfta from her
brothers Albrecht and Ludwig, who held the castle and rule in
Helfta. As early as 1284, however, the monastery was plundered by
Gebhard von Querfurt.
During the unsuccessful siege of the
city by the Duke of Braunschweig in 1342, the surrounding villages
and thus the monastery were destroyed. Then the fifth extension of
the city wall began. The monastery was moved to the edge of the city
fortifications on today's monastery square in Eisleben. But this
should not be the last hike of the convent, because in 1525 the
monastery of Neuen Helfta was devastated by the rebellious peasants
during the Peasants' War, whereupon the abbess Katharina von
Watzdorf and the nuns first fled to Halle before they at the orders
of the emperor Karl V. were sent to Moravia to re-establish an
abandoned monastery there. But already in the same year they
returned to Alt-Helfta at the request of Count Hoyer, who had the
monastery restored. The nuns had no permanent home there either.
The Reformation forced the introduction of Protestant worship in
1542. When all efforts to convert the women under the last abbess
Walburga Reubers to Protestantism failed, the monastery was
dissolved under the Protestant Count Georg von Mansfeld-Eisleben in
1546. The nuns left. The last documented mention of the monastery
was dated June 19, 1542. Many farmers from the destroyed villages
now settled, with the Count's permission, south of the city wall,
beyond the Bad Seven (at that time still Willerbach). Today the
typical arable houses are in Rammtorstraße.
The monastery
subsequently fell into disrepair and was used as a warehouse in GDR
times. Its reconstruction began in 1998 after some initiatives under
the art teacher Joachim Herrmann had campaigned for it since 1988.
The Cistercian women now also run a guest house and an educational
establishment.
A century of
steady growth followed. During the Halberstadt bishop's feud in
1362, the city fortifications proved their worth against the
besiegers. The Heilig-Geist-Stift was first mentioned in documents
in 1371 and in 1408 the first stone town hall was built. In 1462 the
choir of the St. Nicolai Church was consecrated, which had been
built on the foundation walls of the Gotthard Church. In 1433 a
department store and clothing store with scales was mentioned on the
market square; the location corresponds to the house Markt 22. In
1440 the town had 530 house owners and around 4,000 inhabitants. The
construction of the towers for St. Petri-Pauli began in 1447, for
the Nicolaikirche and the Andreaskirche in 1462.
In 1454 the
city council acquired the lower courts within the Petrification from
the Counts of Mansfeld as pledge for 900 Rhenish guilders. The
counts could never redeem the pledge.
Martin Luther was born
on November 10, 1483 in Langen Gasse (suburb of Brückenviertel,
trans aquam), today's Lutherstrasse. The next day, Martin's Day, he
was baptized in the Church of St. Petri Pauli. The Luther family
only stayed in Eisleben until the spring of 1484. Through his
baptism, Luther remained connected to the city throughout his life.
City administration and tourism have endeavored in recent years to
work out this link more intensively; this is especially true for
2017, the anniversary year of the Reformation.
A second city
wall was built between 1480 and 1520. The suburbs Petriviertel
(farmers), Nicolaiviertel (Frisians) and Nussbreite (miners) came
into the city. In 1498 a devastating fire devastated the city within
the first wall ring. In addition to the many residential buildings,
the town hall burned down and St. Andrew's Church was damaged. Only
through a five-year tax exemption from the Mansfeld counts could a
drastic migration of the population be averted.
After the devastating city fire of 1498 within the oldest
city wall (Andreas- / Marktviertel), reconstruction began on August
17th, 1498, based on the privilege of the Mansfeld Counts. This
initially took place comparatively quickly, with late Gothic
architectural elements being used in the first phase. For the
inclusion of the suburbs in the expanded wall ring and the water
supply it proved to be beneficial that 1480–1566, when the Magdeburg
archbishops were also administrators of Halberstadt, the Mansfeld
counts for market district (Diocese of Halberstadt) and suburbs
(Archbishopric of Magdeburg) only one Person as feudal lords.
1520–1540 the Reformation was carried out in several steps in
Eisleben and the county of Mansfeld, including a Protestant boys'
school founded under Agricola in 1525, which became the forerunner
of the Latin school (grammar school) established in accordance with
the Lutheran Treaty of 1546.
The transition from late Gothic
to Renaissance styles can be seen at the town hall in the old town,
the Hinterort seat (1500/1589) and the furnishings in the St.
Andrew's Church. Berndinus Blanckenberg (around 1470–1531), who was
councilor from 1507 and city bailiff from 1518, played a special
role in the reconstruction of the city; his Renaissance epitaph,
created by Hans Schlegel in 1540, is in the St. Andrew's Church. In
the church there is the tomb tumba (1541) of Count Hoyer VI by the
same artist.
After 1530, due to the crisis in the Mansfeld
mining industry, construction was no longer carried out with the
same intensity as in the first third of the 16th century, but the
Campo Santo was built in 1538/1560, the Latin school was built in
1564, and the renaissance tower dome of the St. Paul Church, 1568 of
the economic building of the Katharinenstift, 1571–1589 of the
Neustadt town hall and 1585–1608 the completion of the Annenkirche.
After the city fire of 1601, which destroyed, among other
things, the Renaissance moated castle, the Mittelort city seat, the
grammar school, the weighing machine and numerous town houses, no
such remarkable reconstruction could take place. This resulted, for
example, from the sequestration of the Mansfeld Counts in 1570, the
permutation recessions 1573/1579, in which the Electorate of
Halberstadt and Magdeburg exchanged Eisleben with its suburbs, the
burdens of the Thirty Years' War and the decline of mining and the
industry that was dependent on it until his release of mining in
1671 by the Elector of Saxony. In addition to the existing complex
administrative structures (there was also a count's administration
until 1780), all of this led to an economic decline in the city,
which lasted until the end of the 18th century and was also evident
in the building work.
In 1501 the
house of the Counts of Mansfeld split into the Mansfeld-Vorderort,
Mansfeld-Mittelort and Mansfeld-Hinterort families. At the beginning
of the 16th century, each of these families built a city residence
in Eisleben. Count Albrecht IV (1480–1560), a scion of the Hinterort
branch, settled miners and ironworkers from other areas of Germany
west of the old town to revitalize the mining industry and also
granted this settlement town charter. They were called "New Town
near Eisleben", today "Neustadt" or "Annenviertel".
The
Neustädter Rathaus was built on today's “Breiten Weg” from 1571 to
1589, into which the regional and municipal court moved in 1848 and
then the district court until 1853. This is why the house is also
known as the "Old Court". In 1514, Emperor Maximilian I asked
Albrecht to cancel the town charter. Albrecht, however, opposed this
demand and instead founded the Annenkloster mit Kirche, an
Augustinian hermit monastery, where he met Luther in 1518. In 1520,
the Augustinian General Convention in the Annenkloster decided in
favor of Luther's teaching. In 1523 the monastery dissolved.
While the Counts of Mansfeld-Vorderort adhered to their Catholic
faith, the representatives of the Mansfeld-Hinterort family under
Gebhard VII and above all Albrecht VII, who was a close friend of
Luther, joined the idea of the Reformation. In 1525 they
introduced Protestant teaching and decided to found a Protestant
school next to St. Andrew's Church. Yet they treated their subjects
no better or worse than their Catholic relatives did. When the
peasant wars, in which many dissatisfied miners from Eisleben took
part, devastated large parts of the Mansfeld county, Albrecht VII
had the rioting bloody and mercilessly put down. The turmoil of the
wars of the Reformation even meant that related Mansfelders faced
each other as opponents on different sides. During the peasant war
the Benedictine monastery in wooden cells and the Helfta monastery
were also devastated, the nuns were driven out. In 1529, hundreds of
ice livers died of the plague. Count Hoyer IV of Mansfeld-Vorderort
died in 1540, one of the most influential opponents of the
Reformation in the Mansfeld region (grave tumba in St. Andrew's
Church). Luther personally tried several times to settle the
disputes among the counts - especially about the new town. In 1546
he came to the city for the last time. On February 16, he and Justus
Jonas signed the deed of foundation for the first Latin school,
today's Martin-Luther-Gymnasium. Martin Luther died in Eisleben on
February 18, 1546. The house where Martin Luther died is dedicated
to the memory of this event. Due to his commitment to the
Reformation, Emperor Charles V imposed the imperial ban on Count
Albrecht VII in 1547. It was lifted again in 1552.
In 1550
another plague epidemic killed around 1,500 people. Many miners left
the city, so that in 1554 some of the shafts had to be closed. Wage
cuts caused civil unrest and work stoppages. In 1562 the
Katharinenkirche burned down and was not rebuilt. In 1567, the Saxon
Elector August closed an Eisleber printing works that had printed a
pamphlet against his preachers and had the printer arrested. The
numerous inheritance divisions, excessive expenses and the poor
economic situation led to the bankruptcy of the Mansfeld counts in
1570. They lost the sovereignty of Saxony, which sent a supervisor
to Eisleben. Due to the lack of labor in the mining industry,
emigration was made a criminal offense.
The century began in 1601 with the worst fire disaster in the city's history. In the city center, the fire could spread quickly under the half-timbered houses lined up closely together. 253 residential buildings, the superintendent's office, the scale, the towers of St. Andrew's Church and the city palaces of the Counts of Mansfeld were destroyed. The social grievances from which the miners had to suffer led to the siege of the house of the mint master Ziegenhorn on the Breiten Weg on February 8, 1621. 1000 miners demanded the end of counterfeiting. In 1626 there was another plague epidemic with hundreds of deaths. In 1628 the Thirty Years' War came to Eisleben with Wallenstein, and the city was devastated by the mercenaries of the Catholic League. As a result, mining also came to a standstill. In 1631 troops from both war camps marched through the city several times and forced quarters and provisions. When the Saxon Elector Johann Georg I concluded a separate peace with Emperor Ferdinand II in 1635, thanksgiving services were held in all churches. But already in 1636 the city was sacked by the Swedes. The raids lasted until 1644. In 1653, another city fire destroyed 166 houses, and in 1681 900 people were killed by the plague. Luther's birthplace burned down to the ground floor in the city fire of 1689.
In 1671, the Saxon elector allowed mining in the Mansfeld region to be “released”. This was the prerequisite for the further development and industrialization of mining. In 1691 the weighing house was rebuilt. Luther's birthplace followed in 1693 and was now used as a school for the poor and as a museum.
The house of the patrician family Rinck was rebuilt after the city fire in 1498 at the beginning of the 16th century as the city seat of the Vorderort line, from 1563 it housed the count's office and was completely rebuilt after the fire of 1689 1707. From 1716 the chancellery also performed the tasks of the Prussian part of the county of Mansfeld, which had been released from sequestration, was closed in 1780 because of the feudal fall and from 1789 was the seat of the electoral Saxon governor. On July 14, 1798, on the initiative of the government of the Electorate of Saxony, the Bergschule zu Eisleben was founded as an educational institution for technical mine officials.
After
the defeat of Prussia in the war against France near Jena and
Auerstedt in 1806, French troops occupied the city, although
Eisleben had not belonged to Prussia, but to the Electorate of
Saxony. In spite of posters in the city that assured "The entire
Electoral Saxon state is neutral", all supplies were requisitioned.
In 1808, King Friedrich August of Saxony ceded a large part of the
County of Mansfeld with Eisleben, which was under Saxon sovereignty,
to the newly formed Kingdom of Westphalia under Napoleon's brother
Jérôme, as a thank you for letting the Cottbus district lease.
Thus serfdom was abolished here too, and freedom of trade, the
separation of powers, equal rights for Jews, the civil code and the
keeping of church records were introduced. The new town was
incorporated into the old town. The abolition of the old regulations
enabled Jewish traders to settle in the city, who were able to
inaugurate their first synagogue in Langen Gasse, today's
Lutherstrasse, in 1814.
After Napoleon's defeat in the Battle
of Leipzig in 1813, Westphalian rule ended in Mansfeld. The
Westphalian coats of arms were replaced by Prussian eagles. Eisleben
took part in the Wars of Liberation by founding a voluntary pioneer
battalion under the command of the Mining Captain of Veltheim
(1785-1839).
In 1815 the former county of Mansfeld was incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia as a result of the Congress of Vienna. From 1816 the municipality of Eisleben belonged to the Mansfelder Seekreis, which had its district seat in the city. In 1817 a new building was built for the Luther school in the courtyard of Martin Luther's birthplace. The city received its first post office in 1825 as the so-called Land-Fußbothen-Post next to the Petrikirche. In 1826 the Eisleber teachers' seminar was founded on the site behind the Petrikirche. In 1910 it was given a new building in the upper city park, which today houses the Martin Luther Gymnasium. The seminar existed until 1926 and used the Luther School as a practice school. In 1827, with the expansion of Halleschen Chaussee between the Heilig-Geist-Tor and the Landwehr, the fortification of the Eisleber streets began. In 1835 the new city hospital was completed. In 1847 a famine led to social unrest, which the authorities put down through the use of the military. Because the prayer room had become too small for the steadily growing Jewish community, the building was rebuilt and the now expanded Eisleber synagogue was inaugurated in 1850.
In 1852 the five Mansfeld mining companies
merged and formed the Mansfeld copper-slate-building union. In 1858
the last remains of the city fortifications were demolished. In 1863
work began on the Halle-Kassel railway line. The first section to
Halle was put into operation in 1865. After the closure of the Ober
and Mittelhütte, mining began in the west of the city in 1870 in the
Krughütte and the Kupferrohhütte. The first cable car in Europe was
built in 1871 between the Martinsschacht and the Krughütte. It was
used to transport ore and spoil. On the occasion of the 400th
birthday of the reformer, the Luther monument created by Rudolf
Siemering was erected and inaugurated on the market square in 1883.
In 1892 the water of the Salty Lake began to penetrate the
mining shafts below, which meanwhile reached below the city center.
To save them, the lake was pumped out from 1893 and thus disappeared
from the map. As a result, there was also threatening subsidence in
the city of Eisleben. By 1898, more than 440 houses had been damaged
as a result, and many had to be demolished. The damage and the
renovation measures can still be seen on numerous houses today. The
damage to the shafts forced mass layoffs. Together with the
resentment about the slow and unjust compensation for the mountain
damage, there was ultimately unrest among the population. In 1896
the Mansfeld copper-slate-building union made 500,000 marks
available to compensate the house owners.
Between 1908 and the GDR district reform in 1950, Eisleben was a separate urban district.
The century began with the commissioning of the
first section of an electric tram in Eisleben. On June 12, 1900, the
700 year anniversary of the mining industry was celebrated with a
large parade in the presence of Emperor Wilhelm II and his wife. Due
to the flourishing mining industry, the city's general prosperity
increased in the period before the First World War. The population
rose to over 25,000, and Eisleben became a district-free city,
leaving the Mansfeld lake district. New public facilities were: a
new building for the mountain school (1903), a new hospital (1904),
sewerage and municipal sewage treatment plant, the new secondary
school on Stadtgraben (today's primary school "Geschwister Scholl"),
the new girls' elementary school in Katharinenstrasse (1911) , the
new building of the teachers' college (1911) and the regional
history museum (1913). In 1909 the miners won the right to form
trade union associations.
According to official information,
575 inhabitants of the city died during the First World War.
In the elections to the Prussian state parliament
on February 20, 1921, the parties of the left in the Central German
industrial area received a majority. For fear of a Communist
takeover, police units of the Prussian police, newly organized by
Wilhelm Abegg, were sent to Hettstedt and Eisleben on March 19, 1921
in order to maintain control of the factories. In the course of the
March fighting in central Germany, around 100 workers were killed.
Since 1931 the copper production was subsidized by the state in
order to prevent the closure of the Mansfeld operations, on which
the region was largely economically dependent.
On February 12, 1933, when an
SA troop attacked the office of the KPD sub-district leadership at
Breiten Weg 30 (during the GDR era, “Street of the Victims of
Fascism”), numerous people were seriously injured and four were
killed. Since then one speaks of the ice liver Blood Sunday.
On November 9, 1938, the night of the pogrom, members of the SA and
SS in plain clothes broke into the synagogue and destroyed the
prayer room. Jews were mistreated, Jewish property was destroyed.
As everywhere in Germany, the Jews were discriminated against,
so that many left the city or even the country. In 1938, 42 Jews
were named in the city, of whom at least 24 were murdered in the
Shoah.
The most famous Nazis were the later lieutenant
general of the Waffen-SS Ludolf von Alvensleben and the later
SS-Standartenführer and camp commandant of the Majdanek
concentration camp Hermann Florstedt.
In addition to
political opponents, clergymen also offered resistance to the Nazi
regime, according to Pastor Johannes Noack from the Confessing
Church, who was sentenced to prison for "state agitation", as a
result of which he died in 1942. 913 inhabitants of the city were
killed in the Second World War.
Until the end of the war, the
city remained almost untouched by the war, although it was in the
midst of not insignificant mining and industrial operations. All
schools and hospitals served as military hospitals for thousands of
wounded soldiers. The American armed forces reached the town of
Eisleben while bypassing the Harz fortress in the south on April 13,
1945, and it was surrendered without a fight. Units of the 1st US
Army immediately set up a prisoner-of-war camp on the north and east
side of the heap of the Hermannschacht near Helfta. German soldiers
and civilians were interned in the open air on an area of around
80,000 m². At times there were 90,000 prisoners here, of whom 2,000
to 3,000 died, mainly from the inhumane conditions. The camp was
disbanded on May 23, 1945, and the prisoners were taken to other
cities. The remains of the deceased have not been found to this day.
On May 20, 1995, a prisoner of war memorial was erected and
inaugurated in Helfta in memory of these people.
On July 2, 1945, the Soviet army marched into Eisleben. Due to the 1st London Zone Protocol of 1944 and the decisions of the Yalta Conference, it became part of the Soviet zone of occupation. As a greeting, Eisleber communists put a Lenin monument on the plan. On August 1, 1945 - in front of a sold-out house with 714 seats - the curtains of the Eisleben Citizens' Theater were raised; it was the first German post-war theater. It was founded and managed by Ralph Wiener, the pseudonym for Felix Ecke.
In 1946, on the 400th anniversary of Martin Luther's death, the
city was given the name "Lutherstadt". On March 22, 1949, more than
2,000 residents demonstrated for the unity of Germany. In 1950
Eisleben celebrated the 750th anniversary of the Mansfeld mining
industry in the presence of the President of the GDR Wilhelm Pieck.
The great circle created in 1950 was dissolved and the circles
Eisleben and Hettstedt were formed. From 1951 the city area was
expanded to include the Ernst-Thälmann-Siedlung and the
Wilhelm-Pieck-Siedlung. In 1963, the progress shaft, the last copper
slate shaft in Eisleben, was closed. The mining era in the Mansfeld
Mulde finally came to an end by 1969. The Mansfeld Combine was
transformed into a production facility for tools and consumer goods.
For example, the Mansfeld Process Controller series of computers was
manufactured in Eisleben between 1985 and 1990. At the same time,
the mining and metallurgical engineering school was developed into
an engineering school for electrical engineering and mechanical
engineering.
To make room for a department store, the
remaining keep of the old moated castle was blown up on the corner
between Freistrasse and Schlossplatz. Between 1973 and 1975
subsidence occurred again in the urban area, especially in the area
of seven heat. Prefabricated buildings with 640 apartments were
built on Sonnenweg and the Old Cemetery.
The celebration of
Luther's 500th birthday in 1983 was long and lavishly prepared and
celebrated with guests from 36 countries. The GDR Post Office
(November 9, 1982 and October 18, 1983) and the Federal Post Office
(October 13, 1983) issued special stamps on this occasion. The
Luther sites had been restored and the facades of the houses on the
market renewed.
In autumn 1989 demonstrations for democracy and
social change took place in Eisleben as well. Eisleben has been part
of the state of Saxony-Anhalt since German Unity Day on October 3,
1990. In 1994 the district of Hettstedt and the district of Eisleben
were merged to form the district of Mansfelder Land with the
Eisleben administrative center. The Luther houses have been a UNESCO
World Heritage Site since 1997. In the course of the district reform
in 2007, Eisleben lost its status as a district town to
Sangerhausen.
On May 25, 2009, the city received the title
“Place of Diversity” awarded by the federal government.
In
2016 Eisleben was awarded the honorary title of “Reformation City of
Europe” by the Community of Evangelical Churches in Europe.
The population has been decreasing continuously since the mid-1960s due to emigration and declining birth rates, although the urban area has been steadily enlarged by incorporations. The expiry of copper slate mining in the area of the Mansfeld Mulde at the end of the 1960s and its relocation to the Sangerhäuser Revier played an important role.
The core city is located 30 km west of Halle (Saale) in a long stretch of lowland, the so-called Eisleben lowland in the south-eastern part of the district. The urban area through which the evil seven flows is dominated by agricultural land. Between Unter- and Oberrißdorf the landscape rises to the height of the Mansfelder Platte, the urban area covers the main part of this landscape. The southern part of the urban area is crossed by the wooded ridge of Hornburger Sattel, the southernmost district of Osterhausen is almost in the Helmetal.
Neighboring communities are Gerbstedt in the north, Lake Mansfelder Land in the east, Farnstädt and Querfurt (both Saalekreis) in the south, and Allstedt, Bornstedt, Wimmelburg, Hergisdorf, Helbra and Klostermansfeld in the west.
Lutherstadt
Eisleben is divided into a core city and 11 incorporated localities.
The majority of the population lives in the core city and in the
immediately south-west bordering town of Helfta.
The core
city consists of various settlements, the so-called city quarters.
These emerged at different times. The old town of Eisleben consists
in its center of the market district, which is also named after the
city church St. Andreas Viertel. It is enclosed by the
Nikolaiviertel in the north, the Petriviertel in the southeast and
the so-called New Village in the west. The latter should not be
confused with the Neustadt of Eisleben, which was built around 1511.
This is located on the area near the Breiten Straße and the St.
Annen Church and is located west of the New Village, bordering the
old town. To the north of the old town of Eisleben are the suburbs
of Nussbreite and Freistraßenviertel, to the south the Siebenhitze
and to the southeast the Parkviertel.
The most recent city
extensions emerged in the GDR with the large housing estates
Ernst-Thälmann-Siedlung and Wilhelm-Pieck-Siedlung and Helbraer
Straße. Furthermore, the residential areas Neckendorf and Oberhütte,
which are already in the surrounding countryside, belong to the core
city.
The incorporated localities of Eisleben are located in
the Eisleber lowlands in the east and on the adjacent heights of the
Mansfelder Platte and in and south of the Hornburger Sattel.
Lutherstadt Eisleben is located in the regional geological unit of
the Mansfelder Mulde. This is limited in the north by the
Halle-Hettstedter mountain bridge, in the south by the Hornburg saddle
and in the west by the transition areas to the Harz Mountains. The
Mansfeld Mulde forms a so-called syncline, i. H. Younger rocks
progressively bite out from the outside inwards. On the outside are the
limestones and mudstones of the Zechstein (Permian), further on the
inside are the limestones, sandstones and mudstones of the Triassic
units Buntsandstein and Muschelkalk. In contrast, in the Hornburger
Saddle, which still belongs to Eisleben, relatively older sandstone and
conglomerates of the Rotliegend bite out (the red Liegende of the
Zechstein).
Eisleben lies within this trough in a depression that
was created by the erosion of an underground salt dome. This salt dome
is assigned to the Permian (Zechstein) and called Teutschenthaler
Salzsattel. The processes that contributed to the formation of this
lowland continue to this day, which is why sinkholes can occur around
Eisleben. In the past there was a chain of lakes and swamps in the
center of the Eisleber lowlands, which was descriptively called
Faulensee. In order to make them arable, drainage systems were laid in
the past by the Frisians settled by the sovereigns, so that agriculture
is still practiced in their area today.
Two geological features
were of particular importance for the formation of Eisleben. Significant
copper, silver and other metal sulfide deposits were formed in the
Mansfeld Mulde due to the damming effect of the basal Zechstein mudstone
(known as copper slate), which were mined in the so-called Mansfeld
district, documented since 1200, until 1960 and brought strong
prosperity to the region in the past. There are many smaller and
medium-sized heaps around Eisleben as evidence of this mining, as well
as three pointed cone heaps over 100 m high, of which progress shaft I
is clearly visible from Eisleben (see Pyramids of Mansfeld Land). The
second geological feature for a favorable development of Eisleben are
the Pleistocene loess soils and black earth, which are widespread
throughout the Mansfeld region and extremely favorable for the
cultivation of agricultural crops.
According to the Ministry for
Science, Energy, Climate Protection and the Environment in
Saxony-Anhalt, the entire urban area of Eisleben is a radon prevention
area. To protect the population from this radioactive inert gas, which
leaves the underground there for natural reasons, protective measures
have been required by law in basement rooms and work rooms on the ground
floor since December 31, 2020 in accordance with Section 121 of the
Radiation Protection Act.
Several brooks flow in the urban area, for example the Böse Sieben in the city center. It arises as the confluence of seven brooks from the Vorharz and is called evil because its floods used to be particularly devastating. The bad seven flows east to the sweet lake. Another river is the Schlenze in the north, it rises in Polleben and then flows northeast to the Saale. The Schlenze can also rise sharply during high water. The Glume, which rises south of Helbra and flows east of Eisleben into the Böse Sieben, and the Laweke, which rises in the Hedersleben district and then flows off to the east, are to be mentioned as smaller streams. The valley of the Hegebornbach south of Volkstedt is beautifully landscaped, this brook rises west of Volkstedt, then flows through the village and then flows east of Eisleben into the Glume. The most important body of water in the south is the Rohne, which begins near Bornstedt and flows through the Osterhausen district.
The average air temperature in Eisleben-Helfta is 8.5 ° C, the annual precipitation 509 millimeters. It is so low that it falls into the lower twentieth of the values recorded in Germany. Lower values are registered at only 2% of the measuring stations of the German Weather Service. The driest month is February, with the most rainfall in June. In June there is 1.9 times more rainfall than in February. The precipitation hardly varies and is very evenly distributed over the year. Lower seasonal fluctuations are recorded at only 7% of the measuring stations.
road traffic
East of Eisleben, the eastern section of federal
highway 80 ends at the intersection with federal highway 180. The latter
was relocated out of the city in the 2000s to a 15 km long bypass. In
the western direction, the B 80 was deconsecrated and is now routed as
Landesstraße 151 via Sangerhausen in the direction of Nordhausen. South
of the city is the "Eisleben" junction of the federal autobahn 38 on the
bypass of the federal highway 180.
The street network of the main
town of Eisleben itself consists of three tangents of thoroughfares. One
runs northwest through the new town, one touches the east of the old
town and one runs south through the Wilhelminian suburbs. The arterial
roads of the city branch off from these tangents in all directions. The
rest of the city area is mainly accessed by residential streets. Some of
these are still paved with old pavement from the Prussian era, e.g. B.
in the new town. Most roads are now paved. There are only a few cycle
paths on arterial roads, e.g. B. on Hallesche Strasse or Magdeburger
Strasse.
In the old town there is a traffic-calmed area on the
market square and in Sangerhäuser Straße. This is not specifically a
pedestrian zone.
railway traffic
The RE8/RE9
Halle–Leinefelde–Kassel and the S7 Halle–Lutherstadt Eisleben lines on
the Halle–Hann railway line stop every hour at the city’s train station,
which was built in 1865 near Rathenaustrasse. mouths. With a view to the
Reformation anniversary in 2017, the building has been renovated since
December 2015 by a private cooperative founded in 2013. If you want to
become a member, you have to pay a share of at least 200 euros. Further
funds come from the local transport service Saxony-Anhalt, Abellio Rail
Mitteldeutschland and the city. It is the only train station in
Saxony-Anhalt to date that has been renovated by a cooperative.
bus transport
Local public transport is provided, among other things,
by the PlusBus of the Saxony-Anhalt state network. The following
connections run from Lutherstadt Eisleben:
Line 410: Lutherstadt
Eisleben ↔ Volkstedt ↔ Siersleben ↔ Hettstedt ↔ Aschersleben
Line
420: Lutherstadt Eisleben ↔ Benndorf ↔ Klostermansfeld ↔ Mansfeld ↔
Hettstedt
Line 700: Lutherstadt Eisleben ↔ Bischofrode ↔
Rothenschirmbach ↔ Querfurt
Urban and regional bus services are
operated by Verkehrsgesellschaft Südharz mbH. The city's central bus
station is located at Klosterplatz, which has been extensively renovated
since 2013.
Former tram
Between 1900 and 1920, the Mansfeld
electric narrow-gauge railway operated as a tram in Eisleben. From the
market place there were four branches of the route, to the new cemetery,
to Helfta, to the train station and to Wimmelburg. From the latter, a
route continued over the Mansfelder Grund to Klostermansfeld, Mansfeld
and over the Wipper valley to Hettstedt. Only a few remnants of the
small electric railway can be found today, such as old catenary masts
and a railway embankment that has been converted into a cycle path along
Hallesche Straße.
educational institutions
Martin Luther Gymnasium Eisleben
Catherine School (1960–1994 POS John Schehr)
Thomas Müntzer School
(Primary School)
Elementary school at Schlossplatz
Elementary
school Torgartenstrasse
Sibling Scholl Elementary School
Vocational school Mansfeld-Südharz
Former educational
institutions
Royal Teachers' College
Bergschule Eisleben later
Engineering School Eisleben
Gymnasium on Bergmannsallee (now part of
the Martin-Luther-Gymnasium)
Grabenschule (now part of the
Katharinenschule)
Secondary school at Rühlemannplatz