Stendal, Germany

Stendal is the largest city in the Altmark. It lies on the Uchte, which flows north parallel to the Elbe, which is only a few kilometers to the west. Stendal is known as the city of brick Gothic and is called the "heart of the Altmark". The city was a member of the Hanseatic League. Today Stendal is the district town of the district of Stendal. The city's most famous son is Johann Joachim Winckelmann, founder of scientific archeology and custodian of ancient antiquities in and around Rome. The Winckelmann Museum is dedicated to his life and work.

Stendal was founded in 1151 by Albrecht the Bear, received, like most of the towns in the Slavic region, Magdeburg law and gained various privileges under the following margraves, for example, in 1215, the exemption from the court of the burgrave, although the whole of the northern march came under the suzerainty of 1196 Archdiocese of Magdeburg was advised. When the Mark was divided between the brothers Johann I and Otto IV in 1258, Stendal became the seat of the older (Stendal) line of the House of Ascania, which died out in 1320 with Heinrich von Landsberg. At that time, Stendal was one of the most important cities in the Mark and, as mentioned, joined the Hanseatic League. In the 15th century the city was at the head of a league of the cities of the Altmark. In 1530 the Protestant doctrine found its way here, but was violently suppressed by Joachim I; the Reformation was only carried out in Stendal under Joachim II.

 

Sights

Monuments, burial and memorial sites

Monument to Johann Joachim Winckelmann
Bust monument for Gustav Nachtigal
Memorial plaque in Stendal Cathedral for the fallen soldiers and officers from Stendal during the Franco-Prussian War
Traditional monument to commemorate the centenary of the Magdeburg Hussar Regiment No. 10, Altedorfstrasse (unveiled in 1923)
Memorial stone for the fallen of the First World War of the parish of the Katharinenkirche (former monastery church, now Musikforum Katharinenkirche)
War memorial 1914-18 with the figure of a kneeling praying soldier in the northern aisle of the Jacobikirche
Regimental memorial 1914-18 for the soldiers of the Magdeburg Hussar Regiment No. 10 garrisoned in Stendal who died in World War I
War memorial 1914-18 in the district of Börgitz, on the main road
War memorial for the fallen of 1866 and 1914-18 in the district of Staats
War cemetery for victims of the Second World War in the municipal cemetery (“Bahnfeld” next to the railway line): “We commemorate our fallen soldiers with honor”. There are 448 names on eight plaques (165 of them with a date of death after May 8, 1945). The inscription on a plaque reads: "The Germans expellees commemorate with reverence the victims of flight and expulsion and their fallen soldiers".
Large mass grave (now a lawn) for civilian bomb victims from Stendal in the municipal cemetery, with a memorial from 1966 “DIE TOTEN MAHNEN. 1945". Explanations or nameplates are missing.
Burial site (comrade's grave) for the 31 deceased who were transferred to the municipal cemetery in 1995 from the hospital at the Borstel air base
Memorial plaque in the Petrikirche for all victims of both world wars
Memorial stone from 1969 in August-Bebel-Park for the victims of fascism
Commemorative plaque from 1951 at Arneburger Straße 27 (in GDR times Robert-Dittmann-Straße) in memory of the communist Nazi opponent Robert Dittmann, who was murdered in 1942 in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp. The plaque was removed after 1989.
Soviet cemetery of honor in the Röxe district for 262 Red Army soldiers, Soviet prisoners of war and forced labourers

 

Stumbling blocks

There are six stumbling blocks in the city, two on Hallstrasse, two on Grabenstrasse, one on Breite Strasse and one on Karlstrasse. It is unusual that the lawyer Julius Charig has both a stone in front of his former office (Karlstraße) and his house (Grabenstraße 4). There is a commemorative plaque for the synagogue on the corner of Bruchstrasse and Ostwall. The building still exists and is used as a residence.

 

Theatre

The cultural center of the city and the entire region is the Altmark Theater. It was founded in 1946 and is heavily involved in children's and youth theatre. In addition to its own theater performances, guest performances from various music and dance theaters regularly take place. There is also a symphony concert series and theater balls, conferences and other events are organised.

In addition to the Altmark Theater, the Kunstplatte has existed as a cultural center for young people in the Stadtsee district since 1998. Cooperation agreements have existed between the two houses since 2005.

Around 100 events, including chamber and symphony concerts, choir and soloist concerts, concerts from the rock and pop scene, folk concerts and cabaret events, take place in the Katharinenkirche Music Forum every year.

 

Museums

The Winckelmann Museum is located in the old town, on the site of the birthplace of Johann Joachim Winckelmann, and is also the seat of the Winckelmann Society. Biographical documents, editions of works, drawings and prints as well as Greek sculptures (plaster casts) and antique small art are exhibited. There are regular special exhibitions on archeology and art history, especially from the 18th and 19th centuries to modern art.
The Altmark Museum shows exhibits on the history and cultural history of the city of Stendal and the Altmark, ranging from prehistory and early history to the present day. These include prehistoric finds from the region, exhibits on the culture of the Hanseatic city, sacred sculptures, Romanesque cabaret and archaeological finds from the city.
The Saxony-Anhalt State Fire Brigade Museum presents the development of firefighting from leather buckets to modern fire engines. The focus is on fire engines of the German Democratic Republic.

 

Zoo

The approximately six-hectare zoo on the Stadtsee was reopened in 1952.

 

Buildings

Several buildings in the brick Gothic style are worth seeing:
Collegiate Church (“Cathedral”) of St. Nicholas
Marienkirche
Jacobi Church
St. Peter's Church
St. Anne's Church of the former Franciscan convent, built in the second half of the 15th century
City Hall with statue of Roland.
Stendal City Library in the refectory of the former Franciscan monastery
Catherine's Church and Monastery ♁, today the "Musikforum" concert hall and Altmarkisches Museum, 1456 Benedictine nuns, 1469 Augustinian nuns, after 1500 Protestant Benedictine nuns
The Uenglinger Tor and the Tangermünder Tor are preserved from the medieval city fortifications and can be visited.
Pulverturm, fortifications as a remnant of the old city fortifications, built around 1450 in the ramparts on a base of boulders. It served as a powder magazine from 1722 and was renovated in 1990.
The St. Gertrude Hospital in front of the Uenglinger Tor with a Gothic church was built in the 14th century.
Half-timbered houses from the 17th/18th century in the old town
Ramelow department store in the Bauhaus style

 

Stendal as a pseudonym

The French writer Marie-Henri Beyle (1783–1842) used the pseudonym Stendhal from 1817, possibly to express his admiration for Johann Joachim Winckelmann, who was born in Stendal. The town twinning with Grenoble reflects this fact, because Marie-Henri Beyle was born there.

 

Regular events

The "Rolandfest" takes place once a year in June.

The "Children's and Family Festival at the Stadtsee" takes place once a year in September.

The Christmas market takes place once a year in December.

 

Leisure and sports facilities

The football club 1. FC Lok Stendal plays in the "Stadion am Hölzchen" (Wilhelm-Helfers-Kampfbahn) (6,000 seats, including 1,000 seats). In the 1950s and 1960s, the then BSG Lokomotiv Stendal belonged to the GDR Oberliga for a long time. In addition, the "Stendaler Hanse-Cup", an international athletics event for senior all-around athletes, has been taking place in the "Stadion am Galgenberg" since 2013. The organizer is the Stendaler LV 1892.

 

Getting in

By plane
Stendal is right in the middle. It takes about 3 hours by public transport to get to the following commercial airports.

Berlin Brandenburg Airport (IATA: BER) , about 165 km
Leipzig/Halle Airport (IATA: LEJ) , about 170 km
Hannover-Langenhagen Airport (IATA: HAJ) , about 180km
Hamburg Airport (IATA: HAM) , about 220 km.
If you want to try it yourself: The 1 Stendal-Borstel Airport (IATA: ZSN) is north-east of the city, which is used not only by private sports aviation but also by business pilots.

By train
Stendal is a railway junction. This is where the Berlin-Hanover and Magdeburg-Schwerin long-distance trains cross via Wittenberge. Some ICE and Intercity trains stop here.

In addition to these two routes, there is also the single-track and electrified railway from Uelzen via Salzwedel ("America Line") and the branch line from Tangermünde on the Elbe, which is of no interest for the journey.

The Stendal Hbf train station, Bahnhofstraße 34, 39576 Stendal is 1.5 km southwest of the old town.
Another stop of the S-Bahn Stendal-Stadtsee, Körnerstraße 1, 39576 Stendal on the route to Wittenberge is 2km west of the old town. Feature: no WiFi.

On the street
Stendal does not yet have a motorway connection. The plan is to expand the A14 from Magdeburg via Stendal to Schwerin. This route has been completed from Schwerin to Karstedt. In the south, a section near Colbitz is finished and a subsequent section to Dolle is under construction. At the moment you are often hampered on the B 189 by the construction work. The risk of accidents is high due to the numerous deer crossings and risky overtakers on curves and bumps. Another federal highway, the B 188, runs in an east-west direction from Rathenow to Gardelegen and on to Wolfsburg. Both federal highways generously bypass the city.

 

Get around

The city center and in particular its sights can be reached on foot.
The local public transport is developed within the city by the Stendalbus GmbH with 6 lines (lines 901 to 906). However, the cycle times are mostly quite long at 2 hours.
The Stendalbus also runs regional buses on 35 lines (lines 910 to 973).
But you can also get everywhere by bike. If you don't have your own bike with you, you can borrow one.

 

Hotels

camping
1 mobile home parking space, Nordwall, 39576 Stendal (on the Schützenplatz). There are 20 free parking spaces available on the Schützenplatz. Supply and disposal by Holiday Clean system, no toilet, no shower, no electricity. Features: no wifi, dogs allowed.
2 RV parking spaces at the position system, Gardelegener Straße 120 f, 39576 Stendal. Mobile: +49 (0)1575 1055837, email: stellplatz-stellungssystem@online.de. Paid parking space for 8 Mobile on the outskirts of OT-Röxe, space without any supply and disposal, no electricity, no water. Open: all year round, 08:00-22:00. Price: €8/n.

Cheap
3 Pension Friese, Weinbergstrasse 16, 39576 Stendal. Tel.: +49 (0)3931 214672, mobile: +49 (0)151 70522162, email: info@pension-friese.de. Features: Guesthouse, Free WiFi, Garden. Check-out: until 12:00 p.m. Price: double room from €35/night, possibly plus breakfast €5/p.

Medium
4 Altstadt-Hotel, Breite Str. 60, 39576 Stendal. Tel.: +49 (0)3931 69890, fax: +49 (0)3931 698939, e-mail: info@ah-stendal.de. Feature: free wifi. Check-in: from 3 p.m. Check-out: until 11:00 a.m.
5 Hotel Schwarzer Adler, Kornmarkt 5-7, 39576 Stendal. Tel.: +49 (0)3931 41840, fax: +49 (0)3931 418490, e-mail: info@adler-stendal.de . Modern and at the same time traditional hotel in the house built 400 years ago with 41 rooms and suites, directly on the Stendal market square. Features: Parking, WiFi, Bar, Conference Room, Restaurant. Check-in: from 2 p.m. Check-out: until 11:00 a.m. Price: double room from €89/BB.
6 Hotel Anna, Marienkirchstrasse 7, 39576 Stendal. Tel.: +49 (0)3931 718908, Mobile: +49 (0)173 1633078, Fax: +49 (0)3931 710291 . Hotel located in the old town, with a view of the Marienkirche. Features: Wifi, Cafe, Dogs Allowed. Check-in: from 2 p.m. Check-out: until 11:00 a.m. Price: Double room from €85/night (possibly an additional €15/dog).
7 Hotel am Bahnhof, Bahnhofstrasse 30, 39576 Stendal. Tel.: +49 (0)3931 252990, fax: +49 (0)3931 25299299, e-mail: info@hotelambahnhof-stendal.de. Hotel with 30 rooms, centrally located directly at the train station. Features: bar, conference room, restaurant, beer garden. Check-in: from 2 p.m. Check-out: until 11:00 a.m. Price: double room from €86 per night.
8 Am Uenglinger Tor (Hotel Stendal), Moltkestrasse 17, 39576 Stendal. Tel.: +49 (0)3931 68480, fax: +49 (0)3931 684856, e-mail: rezeption@hotelstendal.de. Hotel with 14 rooms and 3 apartments in the immediate vicinity of the city center. Features: ★★★, Garni, free WiFi, parking space, dogs allowed. Check-in: from 3 p.m. Check-out: until 11:00 a.m. Price: Double room from €85/night.

 

Security

Stendal Police Station, Uchtewall 3, 39576 Stendal. Phone: +49 (0)3931 6850, Fax: +49 (0)3931 685290 . Open: 24/7.

 

Health

Pharmacies
1 Löwen pharmacy, Markt 5+6, 39576 Stendal. Tel.: +49 (0)3931 212692, Tel. toll-free: +49 (0)800 0212692, Fax: +49 (0)3931 714570, email: service@loewenapothekestendal.de.
2 Roland Pharmacy Stendal, Dr.-Kurt-Schumacher-Str. 23, 39576 Stendal (In the Roland medical center). Tel.: +49 (0)3931 491491, fax: +49 (0)3931 491499, e-mail: info@roland-apotheke-stendal.de .
3 Marien Pharmacy, Bruchstraße 5-6, 39576 Stendal. Phone: +49 (0)3931 700224, email: marien-sdl@t-online.de.
4 Altmark Pharmacy Stendal, Breite Str. 2, 39576 Stendal. Phone: +49 (0)3931 212876, fax: +49 (0)3931 689118, email: info@altmark-apotheke-stendal.de.

Doctors
5 Roland Medical Center, Dr.-Kurt-Schumacher-Strasse 23, 39576 Stendal. Tel.: +49 (0)3931 211502, fax: +49 (0)3931 211510. The Roland medical center was a polyclinic until 1990 and was purchased by the resident doctors in December 1993, completely modernized by March 1995 and replaced by a in the new building completed in 1996. In the complex there is a large number of medical practices and medical facilities of various disciplines. A list with contact details and office hours can be found here.

 

Hospitals

Johanniter Hospital Genthin-Stendal, Wendstr. 31, 39576 Hanseatic City of Stendal. Phone: +49 (0)3931 660, fax: +49 (0)3931 217112, email: krankenhaus@sdl.johanniter-kliniken.de. The Johanniter Hospital Genthin-Stendal is one of the most important health centers in the region. Hospital with 24 hour emergency room. Open: 24/7.

 

Practical hints

Tourist Information, Markt 1, 39576 Hanseatic City of Stendal. Phone: +49 (0)3931 651190, fax: +49 (0)3931 651195, e-mail: touristinfo@stendal.de.

 

History

Middle Ages to the 20th century

Archaeologists have discovered a wooden box fountain in Rathenower Straße, which dates to the year 889 and indicates a suburban settlement.

A document allegedly issued by Emperor Heinrich II in 1022, in which the village of Steinedal appears among the possessions of the Michaeliskloster in Hildesheim, is a forgery from the 12th century. The original document from Heinrich II. (No. 479) does not contain this place name. The Brandenburg Margrave Albrecht the Bear founded a market in his village of Stendale around 1160 and granted the town Magdeburg rights. Excavations have confirmed that the construction on land in the area of ​​the market south of the "Old Village" in Stendal began around 1160.

In the 12th and 13th centuries there was an approximately 60-meter-long brick department store on the market square, which is considered the oldest department store and one of the largest and most important north of the Alps.

The parish of St. Jacobi was founded in the 12th century. The construction of a Franciscan monastery at Mönchskirchhof began in 1230. In the 13th century, the Stendal Seafarers' Guild was formed, which traded with its own ships in the Baltic and North Sea region. The oldest written mention of the merchant church of St. Marien comes from the year 1283. Around 1300 Stendal received city walls, at the same time the Tangermünder Tor was built. The field stone substructure is still preserved today as the foundation of a newer gate structure. In 1338 a Latin school was built on Brüderstraße, which later became a grammar school, whose famous pupil in the 18th century was the later archaeologist Johann Joachim Winckelmann. He attended high school from 1726 to 1736.

There is evidence that Stendal belonged to the Hanseatic League from 1358 to 1518. Alongside Brandenburg an der Havel, Stendal was the oldest mint in the Mark Brandenburg. In the margraviate of Brandenburg, several cities, including Stendal, paid the margrave a one-time settlement and were given the right to mint the so-called Eternal Penny.

In the 14th century the refectory of the Franciscan monastery was built at the Mönchskirchhof, which today houses the city library. At the place where the Stendal Castle still stood in 1215, construction of the Stendal Cathedral began in 1423. In 1440 the Uenglinger Tor was built. In the 15th century the town hall was built in various stages with a Gewandhaus, choir and side wing. The St. Catherine's Monastery (foundation of Elector Friedrich II for Augustinian women, today Altmärkisches Museum and Musikforum) was built in 1456. In 1462 the carved wall that is still preserved was completed in the town hall festival hall.

From 1488 Joachim Westfal, the first printer of the Mark Brandenburg, worked in Stendal. In the same year, the citizens of Stendal revolted against the beer tax. In 1502, the Brandenburg Elector Joachim I married Elisabeth (1485–1555) in Stendal, the daughter of the Danish King Johann I. In 1518, Stendal left the Hanseatic League together with Berlin, Brandenburg, Frankfurt (Oder) and Salzwedel. The Stendaler Roland was erected in 1525. In 1539, through the Reformation, Lutheran teaching became an official religion in the Altmark. Luther's pupil and colleague Konrad Cordatus was the first Lutheran superintendent on site from 1540. In 1535, 1540 and 1549 Achim von Zehmen, married to Margarete von Lüderitz, was named mayor of Stendal. In 1682 1,205 people (including 537 children) died of the plague in the city. From 1771 to 1830 the city fortifications were partially demolished, the turning tower, the gate tower, the Arneburg gate and the cattle gate were demolished.

The Magdeburg – Stendal – Wittenberge railway line was opened in 1849. At the same time as the Berlin-Lehrter Railway, the Stendal Central Station was opened in 1871, and construction began in 1869. In 1873 the main railway workshop was built, which in 1881 was transferred to the Royal Prussian Railway Administration and after 1920 became the Stendal Reichsbahn repair shop (RAW Stendal). The Altmark Museum was founded in 1888. In 1906 a fountain was built on the Sperlingsberg in memory of the honorary citizen Friedrich Hermann Haacke, which is popularly known as "Sperlings-Ida". The Stendaler horse-drawn railway ceased operations in 1926 after 34 years.

In 1909 Stendal left the Stendal district and formed its own urban district. The city was reintegrated into the district in 1950.

 

First World War

On August 3, 1914, the first squadron of the hussars stationed in Stendal (Magdeburg Hussar Regiment No. 10) entered the First World War. The first wounded, around 160 soldiers, arrived in the city's hospitals on September 8, 1914. In December 1916, more than 11,000 prisoners of war were housed in the team prisoner camp at the Stendal parade ground. In 1917 two bells from the cathedral and one bell from St. Mary's Church were dismantled and handed over to the "Metal Mobilization Office". In the course of the November Revolution, on November 8, 1918, a “workers and soldiers council” took over police power in Stendal. After the Compiègne armistice was signed on November 11, 1918, a scattered collection point was set up in the hussar barracks. In addition, the prisoner of war camp was almost completely cleared by January 1, 1919 and converted into a transit camp for released German prisoners of war.

 

Second World War

During the Second World War, the city came increasingly into the focus of Allied bombing attacks, mainly because of the armed forces stationed there. There were frequent aerial battles over Stendal, in which Allied bombers also crashed over the city or nearby. Stendal and the fighter squadrons stationed there at the Stendal-Borstel air base (including Jagdgeschwader 301 "Wilde Sau") were directly in the flight path of the bomber groups that had been assigned to Berlin as a target. On February 22, 1945, an attack by the 8th US Air Force with 73 "flying fortresses" Boeing B-17s on Stendal (with 214 tons of bombs) killed 300 people in the Röxe district alone. The main train station was also hit. On April 8th of that year, another attack by the US Air Force with 73 B-17s and 179 tons of bombs hit St. Nicholas Cathedral, which was partially destroyed: especially the cloister, frescoes, tracery and lattice friezes. The medieval stained glass windows had previously been relocated and were thus saved. In April 1945 one of the most controversial companies of the final phase of the Second World War, the Elbe Special Command, started from the Stendal-Borstel airfield.

On April 13th, Mayor Karl Wernecke, who was a member of the NSDAP, handed the city over to the American armed forces. Thereupon Joseph Goebbels called Stendal "because of cowardly handover" as "dishonorable". On May 4, 1945, the German 12th Army (Wenck Army) surrendered under General Maximilian von Edelsheim in the Stendal town hall. British troops took over the administration in Stendal on June 12, but were replaced by the Soviet Army on July 1. The Red Army brought the former mayor Wernecke to the Sachsenhausen special camp, where he died in December 1945. As a result of the flow of refugees, Stendal housed around 65,000 residents on June 16, 1945; at the beginning of the war there were only around 34,000 inhabitants.

 

SBZ and GDR

In the GDR, Stendal was the most important industrial location in the north of the Magdeburg district, including the Reichsbahnausbesserungswerk (RAW) Stendal, the VEB Dauermilchwerk Stendal, the steel furniture and heating equipment factory (STIMA) Stendal and the VEB Geological Exploration / VEB Geological Research and Exploration Stendal. Stendal was also the seat of the District Veterinary Institute (BIV) Stendal, which emerged from the Animal Health Office (TGA) and the District Veterinary Clinic and was converted into the State Veterinary and Food Inspection Office after 1990.

In 1974, construction of the Stendal nuclear power plant began north of Stendal, but it never went into operation and was canceled after reunification.

 

After the turn

At a public hearing on September 27, 2009, 78% of the residents voted to rename the city to “Hanseatic City of Stendal”. The name change came into effect on January 1, 2010.

Stendal as a garrison town
In 1640 Stendal became a garrison town for the first time. As a result, an old Prussian regiment founded in 1715 was stationed in Stendal on foot until 1806. From 1860 Stendal was again the location of troops, including from 1884 location of the Magdeburg Hussar Regiment No. 10, which was disbanded in 1919. In its tradition, from 1919, the 3rd Cavalry Regiment stood in the city, which withdrew in 1937. In 1936, the first German paratrooper troop was founded at the Stendal-Borstel airfield, of which Max Schmeling was a member. There was also an infantry regiment (No. 93) and various Luftwaffe fighter squadrons in the city.

 

Until the fall of the Berlin Wall, Stendal was the seat of the border command north of the GDR border troops and also the location of the 207th Motorized Rifle Division (MotSchtzDiv) of the group of Soviet armed forces in Germany.

At the end of 1994, the last Russian troops withdrew, which ended Stendal's time as a garrison town.

 

Population development

The population development began to decline during the First World War. However, the city quickly recovered from this and reached almost 37,000 inhabitants shortly before the outbreak of World War II. After the Second World War, it grew to over 40,000 inhabitants for the first time due to the immigration of displaced persons from the former German eastern territories. In the period from 1950 to 1964 the city lost over 4,600 inhabitants and in 1964 its population fell to the pre-war level. With 35,931 inhabitants, Stendal reached an all-time low in the post-war period in 1964.

From 1965, the city grew steadily, mainly due to the construction of the large settlements Stadtsee and Stendal Süd, and on December 31, 1989, it reached its all-time high with 51,461 inhabitants. Since 1990, the city's population has declined sharply due to emigration and the surplus of death rates, and by mid-2007 it fell back to around the level of 1964. The resulting vacancy rate for rented apartments has been counteracted since 2000 by demolishing, dismantling and accompanying renovation of the prefabricated housing estates. By resolution of the city council, with the area-based integrated action / urban development concept (SEK) adopted on February 18, 2002, the complete demolition of an entire residential area (Stendal-Süd) was initiated for the first time in Saxony-Anhalt. The city's two major landlords - Stendaler housing association and Altmark housing association - demolished around 6,000 apartments between 2000 and 2013. With its infrastructure, Stendal is preparing for a population of 35,000. Since 2014 there has been a slight stabilization of the population development. Due to the regional reform of Saxony-Anhalt in 2009-2011, Stendal became a unified municipality on January 1, 2010. The incorporation of ten communities that took place on this day increased the population from 35,900 to 40,974 (figures from December 31, 2008).

 

Geography

Stendal is not far west of the Elbe in the south-eastern Altmark. Berlin is around 120 kilometers away, Hanover around 150 kilometers. Leipzig is around 160 kilometers and Hamburg around 180 kilometers away. Stendal is about 55 kilometers north of Magdeburg on the Wolfsburg – Berlin axis.

 

Climate

The annual mean precipitation is 493 mm and is therefore relatively low. Lower values are registered at only 2% of the measuring stations of the German Weather Service. The driest month is February, with the most rainfall in June. In June there is twice as much rainfall as in February. Precipitation varies only minimally and is extremely evenly distributed over the year. Lower seasonal fluctuations are recorded at only 3% of the measuring stations.