Timpanogos Cave National Monument

Timpanogos Cave National Monument

 

Description of Timpanogos Cave National Monument

Location: Wasatch mountains, Utah county, UT    Map

Hwy 92, American Fork

Tel. (801) 756-5238

Open: mid-May- mid-Oct: 7am- 5:30pm daily

Open: May- Sept

Closed: Nov- mid-May

Average temperature: 46 F

Official site

Area: 250 acres (1 km2)

 

Timpanogos Cave National Monument is situated in Wasatch mountains in Utah county, Utah state of United States. Martin Hansen discovered Hansen's cave in October 1887, while following a puma trail near the American Fork Canyon. Unfortunately many formations were damaged in this chamber before the national monument was created. Timpanogos Cave National Monument covers an area of 250 acres (1 km2). Timpanogos Cave National Monument is usually closed between November to mid- May due to heavy snow that might make roads difficult to access. Once you reach parking lot of the Timpanogos Cave you have to follow a 1.5 mile trail to the entrance of the underground passageway. Timpanogos Cave National Monument covers three underground systems including Hansen Cave, Middle Cave and Timpanogos Cave that are interconnected by a manmade tunnels. These passageways were blasted away by the civil engineers in the 1930s of the Works Progress Administration.

 

Fees and permits

There is a $6 per vehicle entrance fee that must be paid when entering Timpanogos Cave National Monument via American Fork Canyon.

There are several passes for groups traveling together in a private vehicle or individuals on foot or on bike. These passes provide free entry at national parks and national wildlife refuges, and also cover standard amenity fees at national forests and grasslands, and at lands managed by the Bureau of Land Management and Bureau of Reclamation. These passes are valid at all national parks including Timpanogos Cave National Monument:

The $80 Annual Pass (valid for twelve months from date of issue) can be purchased by anyone. Military personnel can obtain a free annual pass in person at a federal recreation site by showing a Common Access Card (CAC) or Military ID.
U.S. citizens or permanent residents age 62 or over can obtain a Senior Pass (valid for the life of the holder) in person at a federal recreation site for $80, or through the mail for $90; applicants must provide documentation of citizenship and age. This pass also provides a fifty percent discount on some park amenities. Seniors can also obtain a $20 annual pass.
U.S. citizens or permanent residents with permanent disabilities can obtain an Access Pass (valid for the life of the holder) in person at a federal recreation site at no charge, or through the mail for $10; applicants must provide documentation of citizenship and permanent disability. This pass also provides a fifty percent discount on some park amenities.
Individuals who have volunteered 250 or more hours with federal agencies that participate in the Interagency Pass Program can receive a free Volunteer Pass.
4th graders can receive an Annual 4th Grade Pass that allows free entry for the duration of the 4th grade school year (September-August) to the bearer and any accompanying passengers in a private non-commercial vehicle. Registration at the Every Kid in a Park website is required.
In 2018 the National Park Service will offer four days on which entry is free for all national parks: January 15 (Martin Luther King Jr. Day), April 21 (1st Day of NPS Week), September 22 (National Public Lands Day), and November 11 (Veterans Day weekend).

To enter the cave a tour ticket is required. To purchase advance cave tour tickets, call +1 801 756-5238 from 8AM to 5PM. Anyone under 16 years of age must be accompanied by an adult. Cave tours prices are:

Standard Cave Tour - Adults (age 16 and older) - $8, Junior (age 6-15) - $6, Child (age 3-5) - $4, Infant (age 0-2) - Free, Senior/Access (Golden Age/Access) pass holders - $4.
Introduction to Caving Tour - Age 14 and up only, $15 per person.
Cave tour tickets frequently sell out, especially on weekends and holidays. Tour tickets may be purchased up to 30 days in advance with a major credit card by calling the visitor center at 801-756-5238. A non-refundable $0.50 transaction fee is added to each ticket sold in advance over the phone. Tour tickets may also be purchased in person at the visitor center up to the day of the tour, if still available. Tickets must be purchased at the visitor center before hiking to the caves, tickets cannot be purchased at the cave entrance. Gift certificates are available.

 

The park

The park is located in the particularly steep American Fork Canyon of the Wasatch Range, a mountain range in the Rocky Mountains. The slope on which the caves are located ranges from about 1600 to over 3000 m. Even on the surface, the park area is particularly diverse given its small size. In the valley of the American Fork River stands a riparian forest of cottonwood poplars and ash maples. The vegetation then changes with increasing altitude from subalpine to alpine plant communities. The wildlife of the valley ranges from mountain goats to bighorn sheep and pumas to black bears.

In the limestone there are fossils of rugosa, crinoids and brachiopods both on the surface and in parts of the cave.

 

The caves

The cave system consists of three larger and several smaller caves that were artificially connected by tunnels. The Hansen Cave was found in 1887 by the settler Martin Hansen while felling wood. He was fascinated by the diverse stalactite formations and led visitors into the cave. After a few years the cave was looted, the stalactites and sinter curtains found their way into museums and private collections or were processed into handicrafts.

The Timpanogos Cave was discovered in 1915 and initially forgotten. In 1921 it was rediscovered and a third cave was found - called the "Middle Cave". Initiatives now arose to protect the caves, and the very next year US President Warren G. Harding placed the caves under the provisional protection of the United States Forest Service before the national monument was taken over by the National Park Service in 1933.

The Hansen Cave today contains few notable formations, but is important for the constant climate in the caves because of its underground lake. In the middle cave curtains of tufa stand out and the adjoining "Great Room" shows a great variety of tufa formations.

The core of the cave system is the Timpanogos Cave. Here hangs the "Heart of Timpanogos", which has grown together from several stalactites, and here large parts of the walls are covered with Excentrique (French for "eccentric"). These are the finest structures of calcite that form outgrowths that curve in all directions. The origin is completely unclear, since the forms are unaffected by gravity. Some eccentrics are hollow, so capillary effects can come into play. In the case of the more frequent massive eccentrics, this attempt at an explanation is insufficient.

 

Tourist facilities

The Timpanogos Cave National Monument is a small protected area and consists only of a visitor information center in the valley and the actual caves in the mountain. A 2.4 km long, steep path leads to the entrance. In the caves only small differences in height have to be overcome.

Visitors are guided by rangers in groups of no more than 20, spaced at least 10 minutes apart. In summer it is advisable to make a reservation, as there may be waiting times of several hours due to the capacity limit being reached.

There are no accommodations in the park itself, but there are several US Forest Service campgrounds in the valley of the American Fork River. There are motels in the towns west of the mountains, hotels in Salt Lake City and suburbs.