Mozart House (Vienna)

Mozart House (Vienna)

Official site

 

Description

The Mozarthaus Vienna, located at Domgasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria, in the heart of the Innere Stadt (1st district), is a historic museum dedicated to the life and work of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791). Housed in the only surviving Viennese residence of the composer, where he lived from 1784 to 1787, this building—known as the Figaro House—is where Mozart composed some of his most celebrated works, including the opera The Marriage of Figaro. Managed by the Wien Museum since its opening as a museum in 1941, Mozarthaus Vienna offers an immersive exploration of Mozart’s life, his music, and 18th-century Vienna through historical artifacts, multimedia exhibits, and interactive displays across four floors and a basement.

 

History

Mozart in Vienna (1781–1791)
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart moved to Vienna in 1781 at age 25, seeking independence from his Salzburg patron, Archbishop Colloredo, and greater opportunities as a composer and performer. Vienna, the cultural and musical capital of the Holy Roman Empire, was the ideal stage for his genius. From 1781 to his death in 1791, Mozart lived in 12 different apartments in the city, but the residence at Domgasse 5 (then Schulerstraße 8) was his most significant:

1784–1787: Mozart rented a spacious first-floor apartment in the Camesina House, a Baroque building owned by the Camesina family. This period marked the peak of his career, with high earnings, frequent performances, and prolific composition. He lived here with his wife, Constanze, and their sons, Karl Thomas and Johann Thomas, hosting musical evenings and social gatherings.
Key Works: During his time at Domgasse 5, Mozart composed The Marriage of Figaro (1786), Piano Concertos Nos. 17–25, the Haydn Quartets, and the Prague Symphony, among others. The apartment’s large rooms facilitated his work as a composer, pianist, and teacher.

The Building’s History
17th Century: The Camesina House was constructed as a Baroque townhouse, typical of Vienna’s aristocratic residences.
1784–1787: Mozart’s tenancy made it a cultural landmark. The apartment, one of the grandest he occupied, included seven rooms, a kitchen, and ample space for entertaining.
19th–20th Century: The building fell into disrepair, with the apartment subdivided and altered. In 1906, a commemorative plaque was installed to mark Mozart’s residence.
1941: The Salzburg Mozarteum opened a small memorial room to mark Mozart’s 150th death anniversary, displaying minimal artifacts due to World War II constraints.
1945–2004: The Wien Museum managed the site, expanding it into a full museum. Limited space restricted exhibits to one room and a neighboring apartment.
2004–2006: A major renovation, costing €8 million, transformed the entire building into Mozarthaus Vienna, opening on January 27, 2006, for Mozart’s 250th birthday. The project, led by Barthold & Barthold architects, restored historical elements and introduced modern exhibition spaces.

Key Historical Context
Mozart’s Vienna: The city was a hub of musical innovation, with composers like Haydn and Gluck, and institutions like the Burgtheater shaping cultural life. Mozart’s residence at Domgasse 5 coincided with the height of Viennese Classicism.
Post-Mozart Legacy: The house’s preservation reflects Austria’s reverence for Mozart, paralleling efforts at Salzburg’s Mozart Geburtshaus and Tanzmeisterhaus.
Modern Museum: The 2006 relaunch positioned Mozarthaus Vienna as a global pilgrimage site for Mozart enthusiasts, complementing Vienna’s musical heritage alongside the Haus der Musik and Staatsoper.

 

Architecture

Camesina House
The Mozarthaus Vienna is housed in the Camesina House, a Baroque townhouse built in the 17th century. Its architecture reflects the period’s aristocratic style, with a focus on elegance and functionality:

Facade: The exterior is understated, with a pale yellow finish, simple window frames, and a commemorative plaque. The narrow Domgasse alley enhances its historic charm.
Structure: The building spans four floors and a basement, with a central courtyard typical of Viennese townhouses. The first floor, where Mozart lived, is the most historically significant.
Restoration: The 2004–2006 renovation preserved original elements like wooden beams, stucco ceilings, and floorboards while modernizing the interior for museum use. The architects balanced historical authenticity with contemporary design, using glass and steel for exhibition spaces.

Museum Layout
The museum occupies the entire building, with exhibits organized across multiple levels:

Basement: Temporary exhibitions and the Bösendorfer Hall, a 70-seat concert venue.
Ground Floor: Ticket office, shop, and café (Wiener Fiaker).
First Floor: Mozart’s apartment, with restored rooms and historical exhibits.
Second and Third Floors: Thematic displays on Mozart’s life, music, and Vienna.
Access: Elevators and ramps ensure accessibility, with a modern staircase connecting floors.

Key Architectural Features
Mozart’s Apartment: The first-floor apartment, comprising four rooms, a kitchen, and two cabinets, is partially restored to its 1780s appearance. Original features like wooden floors and stucco work are highlighted, though furnishings are replicas due to the loss of Mozart’s possessions.
Bösendorfer Hall: A modern addition in the basement, this intimate venue features a Bösendorfer grand piano and hosts chamber concerts, lectures, and workshops.
Courtyard: A small, enclosed courtyard offers a quiet space for reflection, visible from the café.
The architecture blends Baroque authenticity with minimalist modern design, creating an intimate yet informative setting for exploring Mozart’s world.

 

Exhibits and Floors

Mozarthaus Vienna spans approximately 1,000 square meters of exhibition space, offering a multifaceted look at Mozart’s life, music, and 18th-century Vienna. The museum avoids overcrowding with artifacts, instead using multimedia, facsimiles, and immersive installations to evoke the era. Below is a detailed breakdown of the exhibits by floor:

Basement: Temporary Exhibitions and Bösendorfer Hall
Temporary Exhibitions: Rotating displays explore specific aspects of Mozart’s life, such as his operas, contemporaries, or influence on later composers. Recent examples include focuses on Don Giovanni or Mozart’s Freemasonry.
Bösendorfer Hall: A 70-seat venue hosting concerts (e.g., chamber music, fortepiano recitals), lectures, and children’s workshops. The hall’s acoustics and Bösendorfer piano make it ideal for historically informed performances.
Significance: The basement adds flexibility, allowing the museum to stay dynamic with fresh content and live music.

Ground Floor: Entrance, Shop, and Café
Ticket Office: Modern and efficient, with audio guides available in 13 languages (e.g., English, German, Spanish, Japanese).
Shop: Offers Mozart-themed souvenirs, including CDs, scores, books, chocolates (Mozartkugeln), and figurines. Prices range from €5–€50.
Café Wiener Fiaker: A cozy café serving Viennese coffee, pastries, and light meals, with views of the courtyard. Open during museum hours.
Significance: The ground floor provides a welcoming entry, setting the tone for the historical journey.
First Floor: Mozart’s Apartment
Focus: The restored apartment where Mozart lived from 1784 to 1787, known as the Figaro House due to the composition of The Marriage of Figaro.

Exhibits:
Restored Rooms: Four rooms (including a music room and salon) feature period-appropriate decor, with wooden floors, stucco ceilings, and replica furniture (e.g., a fortepiano, writing desk). The kitchen and cabinets are also displayed.
Artifacts: Limited original items survive, but facsimiles include letters, scores, and portraits. A highlight is a reproduction of Mozart’s fortepiano, evoking his compositional process.
Multimedia: Touchscreens and audio stations play excerpts from Figaro, Piano Concertos, and other works composed here, with commentary on Mozart’s daily life.
Historical Context: Panels detail Mozart’s social circle (e.g., Lorenzo Da Ponte, Joseph Haydn), his financial success (earning up to 10,000 florins annually), and his role as a Freemason.
Significance: The apartment offers an intimate connection to Mozart, though some visitors note the sparse original artifacts can feel underwhelming compared to expectations.

Second Floor: Mozart’s World
Focus: Mozart’s life, personality, and relationships in Vienna.
Exhibits:
Biography: Displays cover Mozart’s childhood prodigy years, his Salzburg struggles, and his Viennese career. Key documents include facsimiles of his letters to his father, Leopold, and wife, Constanze.
Family and Friends: Exhibits highlight Constanze’s role as his partner, his children, and friendships with figures like Haydn and Baron Gottfried van Swieten.
Freemasonry: A section explores Mozart’s involvement with the Freemasons, reflected in The Magic Flute. Artifacts include Masonic symbols and documents.
Interactive: A touchscreen “Mozart Game” lets visitors explore his compositions, while audio stations play his chamber music and operas.
Significance: This floor humanizes Mozart, emphasizing his wit, financial ups and downs, and social context, though some find it text-heavy.

Third Floor: Vienna in Mozart’s Time
Focus: The cultural, social, and musical landscape of 1780s Vienna.
Exhibits:
Viennese Society: Displays depict the Habsburg court, aristocratic salons, and public theaters like the Burgtheater, where Mozart premiered many works.
Musical Life: Panels explore Viennese Classicism, with references to Haydn, Gluck, and Salieri. A model of 18th-century Vienna shows the city’s layout.
Theater and Opera: A highlight is a diorama of the Burgtheater, with audio excerpts from Figaro and Don Giovanni. Facsimiles of librettos and costume designs add depth.
Immersive Installation: A darkened room with projections and music creates an “emotional” experience, simulating Mozart’s creative process.
Significance: This floor contextualizes Mozart’s achievements within Vienna’s vibrant cultural scene, though some visitors find the abstract installations less engaging than the apartment.

Additional Features
Audio Guide: Included in admission, offering detailed commentary in 13 languages. A children’s version in 8 languages engages younger visitors with stories and music.
Concerts: The Bösendorfer Hall hosts regular performances, often featuring Mozart’s chamber music or fortepiano recitals. Check www.mozarthausvienna.at for schedules.
Educational Programs: Workshops for schools and families, including composing exercises and guided tours, foster interactive learning.

 

Cultural and Historical Significance

Mozart’s Legacy
Mozarthaus Vienna is a pilgrimage site for Mozart fans, preserving the only surviving Viennese residence where he lived during his most productive years. The apartment’s connection to The Marriage of Figaro and other masterpieces underscores Mozart’s role as a cornerstone of Viennese Classicism, alongside Haydn and Beethoven.

Vienna as Music Capital
The museum reinforces Vienna’s identity as the “City of Music,” complementing institutions like the Haus der Musik, Sammlung alter Musikinstrumente, and Staatsoper. Its focus on 1780s Vienna highlights the city’s role as a hub for opera, chamber music, and patronage under Emperor Joseph II.

Preservation and Modernization
The 2006 renovation transformed a modest memorial into a world-class museum, balancing historical authenticity with multimedia innovation. The use of facsimiles and digital displays compensates for the scarcity of original artifacts, though some critics argue it lacks the “lived-in” feel of Salzburg’s Mozart Geburtshaus.

Critical Perspective
Mozarthaus Vienna excels in contextualizing Mozart’s life and Vienna’s cultural milieu, but its reliance on replicas and multimedia can disappoint visitors expecting tangible relics. The apartment’s restored rooms are a highlight, yet the upper floors’ abstract installations may feel disconnected for casual visitors. Compared to the Haus der Musik’s interactive vibrancy, Mozarthaus is more scholarly, appealing to music historians and dedicated fans. Its 4-star Tripadvisor rating reflects praise for its atmosphere but mixed views on content depth.

 

Visitor Information

Location and Access
Address: Domgasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
Public Transport:
Subway: U1 or U3 to Stephansplatz (3-minute walk).
Tram: 1, 2, D, 71 to Kärntner Ring or Opernring (7–10 minutes walk).
Bus: 1A, 2A to Stephansplatz.

Walking Directions:
From St. Stephen’s Cathedral: 3 minutes via Domgasse.
From Hofburg Palace: 7 minutes via Graben and Stephansplatz.
Parking: Kärntnerstraße Garage or Operngarage (limited).

Hours and Admission (2025, Subject to Change)
Hours: Daily, 10 a.m.–6 p.m. (last entry 5:30 p.m.). Closed on select holidays (e.g., December 24–25). Extended hours during peak seasons possible; check www.mozarthausvienna.at.
Admission:
Adults: €12.
Students/Seniors: €10.
Children (under 14): €5.
Children (under 6): Free.
Family Ticket: €25 (2 adults, up to 3 children under 14).
Combined Ticket: €18 with Haus der Musik (valid for one visit each within one year).
Vienna Pass: Free entry; audio guide included.
Audio Guide: Free, available in 13 languages (adult) and 8 languages (children).
Guided Tours: €50–€80 for groups (book via office@mozarthausvienna.at). Public tours in English/German on select days.
Tickets: Purchase online (www.mozarthausvienna.at, GetYourGuide, Viator) or at the entrance. Online booking recommended during peak seasons (summer, December).

Visiting Tips
Duration: 1–1.5 hours for a full visit; 2 hours with a concert or workshop.
Best Time: Morning or late afternoon to avoid crowds. Weekdays are quieter than weekends.
Photography: Non-flash photography permitted; no tripods or video recording.
Accessibility: Fully accessible via elevators and ramps. Wheelchair-friendly toilets and audio guides for visually impaired visitors available.
Family-Friendly: Children’s audio guide and workshops make it engaging for ages 6+. The Figaro Game (interactive composing) appeals to younger visitors.
Combined Visits: Pair with Haus der Musik (5 minutes away, combined ticket), St. Stephen’s Cathedral (3 minutes), or Sammlung alter Musikinstrumente (10 minutes) for a music-focused itinerary.
Concerts: Book Bösendorfer Hall performances in advance (online or at the ticket office). Arrive early for prime seats.
Dining: Café Wiener Fiaker on-site offers coffee and pastries. Nearby Café Frauenhuber (Himmelpfortgasse 6) is Vienna’s oldest coffeehouse, frequented by Mozart.
Etiquette: Use headphones for audio guides; maintain silence in the apartment to respect the historical ambiance.

Nearby Attractions
St. Stephen’s Cathedral: Gothic landmark, 3 minutes away.
Dom Museum Wien: Art and history museum, 3 minutes away.
Haas Haus: Postmodernist building, 3 minutes away.
Haus der Musik: Interactive music museum, 5 minutes away.
Hofburg Palace: Kaiserappartements and Sisi Museum, 7 minutes away.

 

Cultural and Historical Context

Mozarthaus Vienna is a testament to Mozart’s enduring legacy and Vienna’s status as a global music capital. The apartment at Domgasse 5 captures a pivotal moment in his career, when he was at the height of his creative and financial success, shaping the course of Western classical music. The museum’s focus on 1780s Vienna illuminates the city’s role as a crucible for opera, chamber music, and patronage, connecting Mozart to contemporaries like Haydn and Salieri.

The 2006 renovation reflects Vienna’s commitment to preserving its musical heritage while embracing modern museology. Unlike Salzburg’s Mozart museums, which focus on his early life, Mozarthaus Vienna emphasizes his mature years, offering a complementary perspective. Critically, the museum’s reliance on facsimiles and multimedia, while necessary due to lost artifacts, can feel less visceral than sites with original objects, like the Sammlung alter Musikinstrumente’s Mozart clavichord. However, its atmospheric apartment and engaging concerts make it a “must-visit” for music lovers, earning a 4-star Tripadvisor rating and Travelers’ Choice status.