Dobrich Province, Bulgaria

Dobrich Province(also Dobrichka Region) is a region in Bulgaria. It occupies 4719.7 km2, has a population of 150,146 people. The postal codes of the settlements in the Dobrich region are from 9300 (for the city of Dobrich) to 9699. Its vehicle code is TX.

 

Cities

Dobrich

Balchik Municipality
Albena, Balchik, Bezvoditsa, Bobovets, Briastovo, Gurkovo, Dropla, Dabrava, Zmeevo, Karvuna, Kranevo, Kremena, Lyahovo, Obrochishte, Prespa, Rogachevo, Senokos, Sokolovo, Strazhitsa, Trigortsi, Hrabrovo, Tsarichino, Church

General Toshevo municipality
Alexander Stamboliyski, Balkantsi, Bezhanovo, Vasilevo, Velikovo, Vichovo, General Toshevo, Gorica, Gardens, Dabovik, Ziten, Zograf, Izvorovo, Yovkovo, Kalina, Kardam, Konare, Kraishte, Krasen, Kapinovo, Loznitsa, Lyulyakovo, Malina, Ograzhden, Petleshkovo, Pisarovo, Plenimir, Preselentsi, Prisad, Pchelarovo, Ravnets, Rogozina, Rosen, Rositsa, Sirakovo, Snop, Snyagovo, Spasovo, Sredina, Sarnino, Uzovo, Chernokovo

Municipality of Dobrich
Dobrich

Municipality of Dobrich-selska
Altsek, Samuilovo, Batovo, Bdintsi, Benkovski, Bogdan, Bojurovo, Branishte, Vedrina, Vladimirovo, Vodnantsi, Vratarite, Vrachantsi, General Kolevo, Geshanovo, Debrene, Pobeda, Dobrevo, Dolina, Donchevo, Draganovo, Dryanovets, Enevo, Zhitnitsa, Zlatia, Prilep, Primortsi, Pchelino, Pchelnik, Colonel Minkovo, Rosenovo, Svoboda, Slaveevo, Smolnitsa, Sokolnik, Colonel Ivanovo, Stefan Karadzha, Stefanovo, Stozher, Sliventsi, Tyanevo, Feldfebel Denkovo, Hitovo, Tsarevets, Cherna

Municipality of Kavarna
Belgun, Bilo, Bojurets, Bulgarevo, Vidno, Vranino, Irechek, Kavarna, Kamen bryag, Krupen, Mogilishte, Neikovo, Poruchik Chunchevo, Rakovski, Sveti Nikola, Selce, Septevriitsi, Topola, Travnik, Hadji Dimitar, Chelopechene

Krushari municipality
Abrit, Alexandria, Bistrets, Gaber, Dobrin, Corporal Bakalovo, Zagortsi, Zementsi, Zimnitsa, Captain Dimitrovo, Koriten, Krushari, Lozenets, Ognyanovo, Colonel Dyakovo, Lieutenant Kurdzhievo, Severnyak, Severtsi, Telerig

Tervel municipality
Angelarii, Balik, Bezmer, Bojan, Bonevo, Brestnitsa, Voynikovo, Glavantsi, Gradnitsa, Guslar, Zeglartsi, Zarnevo, Kableshkovo, Kladentsi, Kolartsi, Kochmar, Mali Izvor, Nova Kamena, Onogur, Orlyak, Colonel Savovo, Popgruevo, Professor Zlatarski, Sarnets, Tervel, Chestimensko

Shabla municipality
Bojanovo, Vaklino, Gorichane, Gorun, Granicar, Durankulak, Ezerets, Zahari Stoyanovo, Krapets, Prolez, Smin, Staevtsi, Tvarditsa, Tyulenovo, Chernomoretsi, Shabla

 

Location

Dobrichka region consists of eight municipalities: Dobrich - city, Dobrichka, Balchik, Shabla, Kavarna, Tervel, General Toshevo and Krushari. the Unava hilly plain on the Dobrudzhan plateau. It borders the Republic of Romania to the north, the Black Sea to the east, the Varna Region to the south, the Shumen Region to the southwest, and the Silistre Region to the west. On the territory of the district are the Durankulak and Jovkovo border crossing points.

 

History

Dobrich Province, known in Bulgarian as Oblast Dobrich, is situated in northeastern Bulgaria and forms part of the historical Southern Dobruja region. It borders the Black Sea to the east, Varna Province to the south, Shumen and Silistra provinces to the west, and Romania to the north. The province covers an area of approximately 4,700 square kilometers and is divided into eight municipalities: Dobrich (the administrative center), Balchik, General Toshevo, Dobrichka (rural), Kavarna, Krushari, Tervel, and Shabla. With a population of around 186,000 as of the 2011 census, it is an agriculturally rich area often called the "granary of Bulgaria" due to its fertile plains. The province's history is deeply intertwined with the broader Dobruja region, marked by ancient settlements, medieval invasions, Ottoman rule, and repeated territorial shifts between Bulgaria and Romania in the 20th century.

Prehistoric and Ancient Periods
Human activity in the Dobrich region dates back to the prehistoric era, with the earliest evidence of settlement emerging in the 4th or 3rd century BC. Archaeological finds, including artifacts from the Neolithic Age and Chalcolithic periods, indicate Thracian tribes inhabited the area, engaging in early agriculture and trade. During the Roman era, the region was part of the province of Moesia Inferior. A notable Roman settlement known as Abrittum existed near present-day Dobrich, serving as an important city and even a suffragan bishopric under the metropolitan see of Marcianopolis (modern-day Devnya). Ruins from the 2nd to 4th centuries AD, including fortifications and burial sites, have been uncovered, highlighting Roman influence in infrastructure and administration.
By the 7th to 11th centuries, the area saw Bulgar influences, with necropolises revealing pagan graves that provide insights into early Slavic-Bulgar burial practices. An ancient Bulgarian settlement is documented from the 8th century, reflecting the integration of Proto-Bulgars who arrived in the late 7th century. However, much of the prehistoric and ancient material culture was disrupted by later invasions.

Medieval Period
The medieval history of Dobrich Province is characterized by instability and depopulation. In the 11th century, Pecheneg invasions ravaged the interior of Dobruja, leaving many settlements abandoned during the era of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185–1396). The plains of Dobrudzha were nearly depopulated, with surviving communities struggling amid nomadic incursions. By the 14th century, the region gained prominence under the rule of Dobrotitsa, a medieval Bulgarian lord who governed the Despotate of Dobruja (also known as the Dobrudzha Despotship). This semi-independent principality, centered in the area, resisted Ottoman expansion and Byzantine influences, marking a period of relative autonomy. Dobrotitsa's legacy is so significant that the region—and later the city of Dobrich—was named after him. The Despotate fell to the Ottomans in the late 14th century, integrating the province into the expanding Ottoman Empire.

Ottoman Period (15th–19th Centuries)
Ottoman rule over Dobrich Province began in the 15th century, transforming the area into a key agricultural and trade hub. The modern precursor to the city of Dobrich emerged in the 16th century as Hadjioglu Pazardzhik, founded by a Turkish merchant of the same name at a crossroads of ancient routes from the Danube to the Black Sea and from Eastern Europe to the Balkans. By the mid-17th century, Ottoman records describe a thriving town with over 1,000 houses, 100 shops, three inns, three baths, 12 mosques, and 12 schools. The settlement grew as a center for handicrafts, including weaving, homespun tailoring, coppersmithing, leatherworking, and agriculture, exporting wheat, linseed, wool, and cheese.
The population swelled in the early 19th century to around 12,000, bolstered by Bulgarian refugees fleeing eastern regions after the Russo-Turkish Wars of 1806–1812 and 1828–1829. A large fair established in 1851 attracted merchants from Varna, Ruse, and Shumen, enhancing economic ties. Cultural developments included the construction of the first Orthodox church, Saint George, in 1843, and a monastic school in 1844. Urban infrastructure advanced in the 1860s with a town park (now Sveti Georgi Park), a telegraph link to Varna, a post office, and a hospital. Despite Ottoman dominance, Bulgarian national revival sentiments grew, setting the stage for liberation.

Liberation and Early 20th Century
The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 ended Ottoman rule in the region. Russian forces under General Zimmerman liberated Dobrich on 27 January 1878 with minimal damage. In 1882, at the residents' request, the town was renamed Dobrich by decree of Prince Alexander I, honoring the medieval ruler Dobrotitsa. The province became part of independent Bulgaria, but territorial disputes soon arose.
The Balkan Wars (1912–1913) drastically altered borders. After the Second Balkan War, the Treaty of Bucharest in 1913 ceded Southern Dobruja, including Dobrich Province, to Romania. The city was renamed Bazargic (a Romanian adaptation of Bazardzhik, its Ottoman-era name) and became the center of Caliacra County. Romanian administration lasted until 1916, when Bulgarian, Ottoman, and German forces recaptured it during World War I in the Battle of Dobrich (5–7 September 1916), known as the "Dobrich Epic." However, the Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine in 1919 reaffirmed Romanian control, leading to another period of occupation until 1940. During this time, Bulgarian resistance persisted, including cultural and political efforts to reclaim the region.

World War II and Communist Era
In 1940, amid World War II, the Treaty of Craiova returned Southern Dobruja to Bulgaria without conflict. Bulgarian troops entered Dobrich on 25 September 1940, an event now celebrated as the city's holiday. This marked the end of Romanian rule and solidified the province's place in Bulgaria. However, the transition involved population exchanges; many Romanians were expelled to Romania, while Bulgarians from northern Dobruja resettled southward.
Post-1944, under Soviet influence, Dobrich was renamed Tolbukhin in 1949 after Soviet Marshal Fyodor Tolbukhin, who led the 1944 invasion of Bulgaria. The Communist era brought rapid industrialization and urbanization, with agriculture collectivized and industries like flour milling, vegetable-oil extraction, textiles, and machinery parts developed. Large-scale demolitions in the 1960s and 1970s erased much of the old town, replacing it with Brutalist architecture, wide squares for rallies, and prefabricated housing. Cultural projects included the Old Dobrich ethnographic complex (built from 1973) to preserve traditional crafts and the 1981 monument to Khan Asparuh for Bulgaria's 1300th anniversary. Despite ideological suppression, such as omitting the 1916 Battle from history books, the province prospered as an agricultural powerhouse.

Post-Communist Period and Contemporary Developments
Following the fall of Communism, a presidential decree on 19 September 1990 restored the name Dobrich to the city and province. The 1990s and 2000s focused on economic transition, emphasizing agriculture, tourism (near Black Sea resorts like Balchik and Kavarna), and cultural preservation. The province retains a multi-ethnic character, with Bulgarians, Turks, and Roma communities. Modern challenges include depopulation due to migration, but it remains a key grain-producing region. Archaeological sites, museums, and natural attractions like Shabla and Durankulak lakes draw visitors, highlighting the area's rich heritage from Neolithic times through the Middle Ages.

 

Geography

The Danube plain is characterized by lowland and hilly-plateau relief and little precipitation.
Peculiarities of the climate in the area are determined under the influence of the proximity of the Black Sea. It is characterized by a hot summer - in the beginning, large amounts of precipitation are observed, while towards the end of the summer - a characteristic drought. Winter in the region is cold with strong winds. There are often snowstorms and snow drifts, which lead to traffic difficulties.

There are two serious deposits of minerals on the territory of the district. Europe's largest manganese deposit near the village of Obrochishte and the village of Church. Two local quarries for limestone mining are also operating on the territory of the district. Momchil quarry - cut stone, gravel and Lyahovo quarry - blasted rock mass.
In the municipality of General Toshevo, there is a deposit of bentonite clay, which is currently not exploited. From renewable natural resources, the district has several mineral springs.

 

Economy

The main branches of the economy are the food industry, tourism, agriculture, light industry and mechanical engineering, vegetable production and plant breeding.
The advantages of the district are the well-organized infrastructure, the absence of industrial pollution, the fertile lands and the proximity to the Black Sea resorts.

In addition, many wind generators operate on the territory of the district.

 

Landmarks

The places of interest are extremely numerous and varied: the Botanical Garden and the Palace in the city of Balchik, the tekke in the village of Obrochishte, Cape Kaliakra, the architectural-historical complex "Yaila", the Bird's Bay, the prehistoric necropolis "Temple of Cybele" dating from 3 in BC, Lake Shablen and Lake Durankula, numerous protected areas, dams, hunting farms.

 

Transportation

The road and communication network of the district is in excellent condition and provides access to all points of the region and other parts of Bulgaria. The roads to the Black Sea coast, Romania and international roads to Poland, Ukraine and Russia pass through the territory of the region. The only exception is the international road E-87, connecting the CIS countries and Finland with Turkey.

The railway also passes through Dobrich region. the Constanta - Varna line, which is also a connection between Russia, Ukraine and Moldova with the Republic of Turkey. An important part of the district is occupied by coastal cities such as Balchik, Shabla and Kavarna.