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Český Krumlov (German: Böhmisch Krumau, or Krummau) is a town in the
South Bohemian Region in the Český Krumlov district, 22 km southwest
of České Budějovice. It lies under the crest of the Blanské les and
the Vltava River flows through it. It is a tourist and cultural
center of southern Bohemia. Approximately 12 thousand inhabitants
live here.
In the past, Český Krumlov was the seat of many
powerful Czech families - the Vítkov family, the lords of Krumlov,
the Rožmberk family, the Eggenberg family and the Schwarzenberg
family, who purposefully took care of its construction and
representative character. Český Krumlov was also the main
administrative center of the Rožmberk Dominion and, until 1918, of
the Krumlov Duchy and the Schwarzenberg Dominion.
The
medieval center of the city, which surrounds the meanders of the
Vltava, has been a city heritage reserve since 1963 and has been
inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List since 1992[4]. In 2003,
the suburb of Plešivec (south of the historic core) was declared a
city monument zone. Český Krumlov has also become the scene of
several films, and during the year the city hosts a number of
cultural events and festivals - Five-leaf Rose Festival, MHF Český
Krumlov, Český Krumlov Rally.
Together with other towns in
the Šumava foothills, such as Sušice, Vimperk, or Prachatice, it is
often called the Gate of the Šumava Mountains. At the turn of the
19th and 20th centuries, Český Krumlov was perceived, especially
among Šumava writers and poets, as the capital of Šumava, which in
1918 Český Krumlov briefly became during the existence of Šumava
County.
Cesky Krumlov Castle
Cesky Krumlov Castle is located on a rocky bank above Vltava River. First historic records about its existence date back to 1240. Historians believe that Cesky Krumlov Castle was constructed by the Vitkovich dynasty. Subsequent owners of the citadel changed the appearance of the fortress several times. It has elements of Gothic, Baroque and Renaissance architectural styles. In 1992 complex of Cesky Krumlov Castle including towers, bridges, castle theater and other facilities were included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
Upper Castle is located in the third courtyard of the Cesky Krumlov Castle. It was constructed in stages between 14th and 18th centuries under supervision of architects Eritsera Vlach, Baltazar Maggi of Arogno and artist Gabriel de Blonde. Cesky Krumlov Caslte lost much of its original military importance so their alteration to the overall citadel were decorative in nature.
The main building of the Upper Castle is a Palace of the Rosenbergs surrounded by two squares. Cesky Krumlov Castle is constructed on a rocky outcrop that serves as a foundation of the palace. Stone base is honeycombed with underground passages that served for storage. Elements of the Gothic style are only preserved in the Eastern part of the Upper Castle. It includes Saint George and Saint Catherine Chapel and Romanesque House.
Castle Theatre (Městské divadlo)
Kaplicka 2, Horni Brana
Tel. +(420) 380 711 775
Official site
The Castle Theatre of Cesky Krumlov Castle is small theatre that was constructed in the 5th courtyard of the Cesky Krumlov Castle. It is connected with the Cloak Bridge via a covered corridor that leads from the Masquerade Hall to the royal box of the Castle Theatre. The building that houses Castle Theatre was renovated in 1993 adding new technologies while keeping its 500 year old charm. Today the theater is open to the public. Its season lasts from September to June holding performances of various genres: drama, plays, musicals, operettas and others. City Theater is not very big by size. It holds only 280 spectators with a total of 20,000 visitors each year.
Church of Saint Vitus
Constructed: 1340
The main church of Cesky Krumlov is Saint Vitus Cathedral that was constructed in 1340. It stands on the bank of the Vltava river on the hill opposite side of the Cesky Krumlov Castle. Church of Saint Vitus is 44 meters long, 20 meters wide and high. It was consecrated a full century after its construction began. Over a course of several centuries the church was rebuilt and reconstructed several times.
The main altar of Church of Saint Vitus was added in 15th century along with beautiful frescoes that surround it. Just to the left of the altar you can see a small chapel of Saint John of Nepomuk with red marble tombstones and the burial place of the Rozhemberk family as well as Scwarzenberg dynasty.
Former Jesuit Seminary (Cesky Krumlov) (Bývalý jezuitský seminář)
Horni 152
Former Jesuit Seminary is a former Roman Catholic University intended to prepare new Catholic priests. Original education complex was consisted of six Baroque buildings that were constructed in 1650- 1652. After the dissolution of the Jesuit order in 1773 Jesuit Seminary was abandoned by the church and instead it was nationalized by the state. In 1950 government of Cesky Krumlov turned Former Jesiut Monastery into a vast historic museum that holds a collection with nearly 34,000 artifacts dedicated to the history of Cesky Krumlov and the surrounding lands. This include items discovered during archaeological digs, ethnographic tools, artistic masterpieces and many others. One of the most famous artifacts is a unique ceramic model of the historical center of Cesky Krumlov as it existed in 1800. All the buildings of the time period were made at a scale of 1:200.
The name Krumlov comes from the German Krumme Aue (crooked river in Czech), which refers to the city's location between the ace-shaped bends of the Vltava River. Among other things, the name of the Austrian river Kamp, on which the town of Krumau am Kamp is located, whose name also comes from the similar Old High German krump, is derived from a similar Celtic base kamb. In the first surviving mention from 1253, Krumlov is referred to as Chrumbenowe, in Latin documents it is then called Crumlovia or Crumlovium. The name Krumlov nad Vltavou also used to be used. The suffix Český began to be added to the name of the town as early as 1439 to clearly distinguish it from Moravian Krumlov. In the German language, the name Böhmisch Krumau was not used much in the past, as it could not be confused with Krumlov in Moravia (Kromau in German). Officially, however, the name Český Krumlov was only used by a decree of the Ministry of the Interior from April 30, 1920. During the German occupation in 1938–1945, the word Český was removed from the name, and the city was officially called Krummau an der Moldau (Krumlov nad Vltavou in Czech) during that time.
The provably oldest settlement in the region, and by extension also
in South Bohemia, is evidenced by finds from the Dobrkovická Cave dating
back 35 to 50,000 years. The oldest settlement directly on the territory
of today's city was documented in the so-called New Town (Neustadt) from
14,000 years ago. The settlement of the first farmers from the 5th
millennium BC was also identified on the same site in today's Lower
Manor Garden. At that time, the hill on which the castle was later
founded was also demonstrably inhabited. The first fort was built on
this rock promontory as early as the 4th millennium BC and, like the
Maiden's Stone, it was gradually used by different cultures. From the
5th to the 1st century BC, the region was dominated by the historical
Celts, whose main centers included the nearby oppidum of Třísov. From
the last century BC, at the time of the likely departure of the Celts
from Bohemia under the onslaught of the Germans, there is also evidence
of the existence of a Celtic settlement on today's castle hill.
Slavs settled Pošumaví in several waves since the 6th century AD. The
main migration took place during the so-called Second wave of settlement
in the course of the 7th century, when the Boletic and Doudleb tribes
arrived in southern Bohemia, which, in contrast to the other Slavic
tribes settling the rest of Bohemia, came from the south from the
territory of the Avars, controlled by Pannonia. However, the presence of
the Slavic community in the city is not documented until two centuries
later. Among the most important settlements of that time is the nearby
Slavic hillfort near Kuklov.
In the 10th century, according to Kosma, the surrounding area
allegedly fell under the rule of Slavníkovci. After their extermination,
the Přemyslovs fell into the possession of one of the oldest and most
powerful Czech families - the Vítkovs - as part of the settlement less
than two centuries later. The so-called the ancestor of the family Vítek
from Prčice came to South Bohemia in the second half of the 12th century
and gradually controlled or founded all important settlements and
castles in the area. At the end of his life, Vítek divided the family
property (the so-called Division of Roses) among his sons, who
subsequently founded separate Vítek clans - the Lords of Krumlov,
Rožmberk, Hradec, Landštejn and Třeboň, from Ústí and from Stráž. The
territory of Krumlov fell to the second-born son – Vítek II. to the
elder, who probably founded the so-called Hrádek, the oldest part of
today's castle, on the left bank of the Vltava sometime between 1230 and
1239. The legend about the founding of the city is also related to this
event.
The first written mention of the existence of a settlement
in Krumlov comes from 1240 by Oldřich of Liechtenstein, in whose
autobiographical poem Der Frauendienst it is mentioned under the name
Krumbenowe. According to this contemporary source, a great knightly
tournament was supposed to take place in Krumlov. It can therefore be
assumed that the residence of the lords of Krumlov there had to be
sufficiently representative and at the same time able to accommodate a
large number of knights and their retinues - i.e. well supplied. The
town itself was founded in the bend of the Vltava river around 1274, and
the presence of Czech and German settlers is documented from the very
beginnings of the town. Sipota, a locator from Bavaria in the service of
lords from Krumlov and Rožmberk, became the first ever mayor of the
city.
Many lords from Krumlov achieved important positions within
the Czech Kingdom, although they strenuously resisted the efforts of the
Přemyslovians to control their territories. During the first revolt of
the Vítkovs against the king, even Český Krumlov was probably briefly
occupied by the Czech king Přemysl Otakar II. A typical and at the same
time the most famous representative of the lords from Krumlov was Záviš
from Falkenstein. However, the Krumlov branch of the Vítkov family died
out already in 1302. The inheritance of the Krumlov family, with the
permission of King Wenceslas II. they were taken in by their close
relatives, lords from Rožmberk, and immediately afterwards they moved
from Rožmberk Castle to Krumlov. At the same time, the arrival of the
Rožmberks heralded the city's biggest boom and construction development.
Český Krumlov joined the two Vítkov territories and became the main
seat of an extensive estate, for which the name Rožmberské Dominium was
later adopted, which brought extraordinary growth to the city. Already
during the first Rosenbergs, in addition to the rebuilding of the
castle, almost a hundred stone houses were built. Meat shops and regular
fairs appeared, and the city was also granted many city rights. Under
Peter I of Rožmberk, who was considered the most powerful nobleman in
the kingdom, the church of St. He also welcomes St. Jošta and religious
orders and Jews were invited to the city. In the course of the 14th and
15th centuries, the city, as well as the entire Rožmberk family, gained
such importance that it could, as was customary in the Vítkov families,
resist the centralist efforts of the Czech rulers, which culminated in
the double imprisonment of Wenceslas IV. in 1394 and 1402 at Krumlov
Castle.
At the time of the Hussite revolution, Oldřich II. from
Rožmberk first sided with the Hussites, but later he radically
re-evaluated his position and became their staunch opponent, making
Krumlov the center of the Catholic opposition and intelligentsia in
southern Bohemia. Thanks to its importance and zero damage during the
Hussite Wars, Český Krumlov was an important center of the Renaissance
in the Czech Kingdom.
Even after the end of the Hussite period,
the Rožmberk estate continued to expand along with the economic rise of
the city. Gold and silver mining began in the 15th century, followed by
a significant influx of miners from German regions. Mining activity
peaked in the 16th century – a silver smelter was in operation, on the
Vltava under the church of St. A paper mill was founded in Vita and
Krumlov was called a free mining town. Many farms and ponds were also
established on the estate.
Since the 15th century, the city has
been governed by the so-called great city council consisting of 12
aldermen, from whom the supreme burgomaster was regularly elected. Next
to the Great Council, there was a so-called small council, and until
1555 the Lateran functioned as an independent unit with its own mayor
and representatives. Candidates for the highest positions always had to
be approved by the Rožmberk ruler.
The magnificent reconstruction of the castle into a Renaissance
castle from the second half of the 16th century took place during the
reign of William of Rožmberk. This most famous Rožmberk, the highest
royal burgrave, Czech viceroy and two-time candidate for Polish king,
raised the Krumlov residence to the level of European royal courts.
Krumlov Castle was completely rebuilt and the city was given its current
Renaissance form by an unprecedented construction boom. In addition to
Italian artists, the most famous alchemists of their time also worked at
Vilém's court.
After the death of the childless Vilém, his also
childless brother Petr Vok from Rožmberk inherited the domain. However,
the Rožmberk estate was on the verge of collapse due to Vilém's previous
generous projects, and Petr Vok was forced to sell the family estates,
including the estate Krumlov. In 1601, Krumlov came under the ownership
of Emperor Rudolph II, thereby temporarily losing the importance of a
residential town. Rudolph II however, he removed his left-hand man and
only son, Julius Caesar, to Krumlov Castle, who lived here as a prisoner
after the murder of his lover.
However, 10 years later in 1611,
the last Rožmberk, Petr Vok, intervened once again in the history of the
city, when it was conquered and occupied by the troops of the Passau. In
order to protect the city and its surroundings from further plundering,
he paid off the Passau conquerors to leave. However, this definitively
ends the Rožmberk era over the Krumlov estate.
At the beginning of the 17th century and during the Thirty Years' War, the city was plundered three times - first by the Passov, then by the imperial troops and finally by the Swedes. However, in 1622, Ferdinand II donated the entire Krumlov estate for his support of Jan Oldřich of Eggenberg, who is granted the title of duke in 1628, thereby establishing the Duchy of Krumlov within the Czech lands. Only Jan Kristián I of Eggenberg begins the first Baroque reconstruction of the castle as the official seat of the Czech branch of the family. A large number of Italian and German artists are once again coming to Český Krumlov.
Due to the sudden extinction of the Czech branch of the Eggenbergs,
the Duchy of Krumlov passed into the ownership of a new family in 1719 -
the Schwarzenbergs, who made Krumlov their capital city for the third
time in history. During the reign of Joseph I. Adam of Schwarzenberg,
the castle was again monumentally rebuilt, today's baroque theater was
built, and the unique Mantle Bridge and Masquerade Hall were given their
current form. The Krumlov court was not to be confused with the imperial
court in Vienna. However, Josef I. Adam was also responsible for the
beginning of the Schwarzenberg economic miracle by introducing the
necessary reforms. For example, lead mining was started in Krumlovsk
and, above all, the so-called Schwarzenberg pension fund for employees
was established, which was unprecedented in its time and thanks to which
in the following centuries it was possible to ensure the economic and
social prosperity and stability of the entire region even in pre-war
times.
John Nepomuk I and Joseph II. from Schwarzenberg continued
with the reforms. They played a significant role in the economic
development of the region and the entire Šumava through the construction
of the Schwarzenberg Canal and a targeted economy in the fields of
agriculture and forestry. The Schwarzenberg Dominion thus supplied wood
to the two largest cities of the monarchy – Prague and Vienna. The
so-called Economic Institute, i.e. a school for future manor employees,
was founded in the city. John Adolph II carried out thorough
modernization and mechanization of the infrastructure, forestry, water
management, as well as industry and mining (graphite in the Krumlov
region) throughout the estate. After the abolition of serfdom in 1848,
which brought the Dominium to 2/3 of its original area, efforts to
streamline were even more pronounced to ensure the continued prosperity
of business and industry.
Although the Krumlov castle remained in the hands of the
Schwarzenberg primogeniture after 1848, the main seat was de facto moved
to the Hluboká castle. Nevertheless, Krumlov retained its status as the
symbolic ancestral seat of both branches of the Schwarzenbergs. Český
Krumlov subsequently became a district town and the former lordly
offices were replaced by state ones, while the remaining Schwarzenberg
properties in the region were transformed into princely estates. In the
19th century, there were two schools, a barracks, an orphanage, one
princely and one municipal brewery, mills and two paper mills in the
town. The biggest change in the appearance of the city was the
demolition of the city walls and historic gates, of which only the
youngest - Budějovická - has been preserved. In the entire region, Jan
Nepomuk II was then. a railway network was built from Schwarzenberg.
It was not until the turn of the century that the development of
industry represented the history of the city itself, which is
particularly associated with two names - Ignác Spiro and Arnošt Porák.
Ignác Spiro founded a paper mill in Větřní, which became the most
important paper mill in Austria-Hungary (in 1911, the largest paper
spinning machine in the world was launched here) and, after the creation
of Czechoslovakia, the largest in the republic. The Spir family also
played a large part in life in the city, the founding of the Jewish
association in Český Krumlov and the construction of the Krumlov
synagogue. Arnošt Porák was engaged in graphite mining in the Krumlov
region, while in 1885 he founded a paper mill in Loučovice and financed
only the second electrified railway in Bohemia. To his memory, one of
the bridges in the city still bears his name. In 1900, the interiors of
the castle were made available to the public by Adolf Josef from
Schwarzenberg, and a hospital was built in the town.
In the second half of the 19th century, 8,300 inhabitants lived in Český Krumlov (72% speaking German, 18% speaking Czech). In 1900, the population rose to 9,600. The first significant national differences between Czechs and Germans in Krumlov date back to the second half of the 19th century. German-speaking citizens joined together in German associations and Czech-speaking citizens in their own - Reader's Forum from 1879, Craftsmen's Unity, Včela workers' association and from 1892 the first Czech school. The exceptions were the factories, workers' unions and Schwarzenberg enterprises, in which the policy of impartiality and, if possible, half-and-half representation in the management was essential. The highlight of the German-Czech battle for the city was the unveiling of the monument to Emperor Joseph II, which the local German settlers wanted to use for national proclamations. Although Prince Adolf Josef of Schwarzenberg strongly condemned the whole event and refused to contribute to the monument in any way, the statue was unveiled on July 20, 1890 near the Plešivec district.
The First World War significantly affected the city. A non-negligible
number of men fell on the front, and the city's coffers were burdened by
the financing of infirmaries and sanatoriums for soldiers, which were
purposefully established in the city as an official hospital city in
Bohemia. Among the Czechoslovak legionnaires there were also 200
Krumlovans. In 1917, there were the first major manifestations of
disagreement with the war policy of the monarchy. Three joint workers'
demonstrations of Czechs and Germans took place, and on July 17, a
thousand workers from Český Krumlov gathered in the square.
With
the end of the war approaching, a Czech national committee was
established in the city, which immediately began to negotiate with the
city council regarding the co-optation of Czech representatives among
its members. However, the German majority of the Šumava population
responded to the creation of Czechoslovakia by declaring an independent
Šumava County with its capital in Český Krumlov. After the declaration
of accession to Austria, the Czechoslovak government decided on an
immediate military intervention in the border area. Although the Český
Krumlov National Committee spoke out against the intervention of the
army at the request of the city council, on November 29, 1918, the city
was occupied without a fight by the newly established Czechoslovak army.
The following year, in the first regular municipal elections, a new
mayor, Dr. Tannich and Czech representatives also sat in the council,
who were subsequently offered the position of deputy mayor. In 1928, a
commemorative plaque to the founder of the republic, T.G., was unveiled
in the city. Masaryk and the 1930 memorial to the victims of the First
World War. In 1929, a new Czech school was opened.
In the 1920s,
Krumlov prospered economically and culturally. In 1937, President Edvard
Beneš even visited JUDr. Adolf Schwarzenberg, who ceremoniously donated
1,000,000 CZK to him to strengthen the defense of the Czech-German
border against the Nazi threat.
Due to the preponderance of the population of German nationality,
however, the city was to be ceded to the German Empire in 1938 according
to the Munich Dictatorship. The so-called the battle for Krumlov from
October 1 to 2, when light tanks were also deployed, represented one of
the most serious battles of retreating Czechoslovak units protecting
Czechoslovak citizens and German anti-fascists from attacks by Nazi
gunmen and fanatics. The city suffered considerable damage as a result,
and Czechoslovak power could not be restored in the city until the
arrival of the Wehrmacht on October 8, 1938. Subsequently, on October
20, Adolf Hitler triumphantly entered the city. However, his stay was
not too triumphant because, despite the insistence of the Nazi
authorities, JUDr. Adolf Schwarzenberg refused to welcome him and
forbade him to enter the Krumlov castle.
During World War II, the
city suffered further. Democracy in general as well as communal
democracy was completely suppressed. Germans and remaining Czech
residents (approx. 350 persons of Czech nationality from mixed
marriages) had to join the German army units en masse very soon,
regardless of personal attitudes, and go to the front, where most of
them perished. Due to public anti-Nazi attitudes, JUDr. Adolf
Schwarzenberg was put under forced administration as early as 1940.
JUDr. Adolf Schwarzenberg fled with his family – his brother, authorized
representative of the family in Bohemia JUDr. However, Jindřich
Schwarzenberg was arrested and sent to a concentration camp. During the
occupation, Czech residents were second-class citizens with no real
rights, and the Czech language was forbidden. However, it is also
necessary to add that there were no documented attacks by local German
residents against fellow Czech citizens in the city.
In 1945,
Český Krumlov was liberated by the American army without a fight, and
Czechoslovak citizens could return to the city after five years.
Although the Krumlov National Committee intended to deport only true
collaborators with Nazism, in 1945-1946 the German-speaking population
was deported en masse as part of a nationwide policy. The city thus lost
most of its population, which was gradually replaced by immigrants - in
1946 there were already 4,550 new Czech settlers. As part of the
honoring, all monuments bearing German names in the city were destroyed.
In 1947, all the Schwarzenberg property of the Krumlov-Hlubock branch
in Czechoslovakia, including all businesses in Krumlov and the Krumlov
castle, was unconstitutionally expropriated by the so-called Lex
Schwarzenberg law and placed in the hands of the state. As was JUDr.
Adolf Schwarzenberg was forbidden to return to Czechoslovakia from the
USA, and most of the famous industrialists who fled from Nazism were not
allowed to return home to Krumlov from exile - for example, the Jewish
Spir family.
After 1948, the nationalization of local enterprises
led to the development of new industries, especially textiles (the Jitka
and Otavan plants), woodworking and food processing (the South Bohemian
Dairy plant). New functionalist housing estates were built – Plešivec,
Špičák, Vyšný, Dubík, Domoradice, Havraní Skála and Mír, a new hospital
building and a new office (especially after the creation of the modern
Český Krumlov district in 1960). A road bypass of the city center
(Objížďková street) was also built, while a large number of historic
houses were destroyed.
Buildings from this era, however, did not
significantly affect the historical core of the city, as happened, for
example, in nearby Prachatice or Kaplica. In 1963, the center was also
declared a city conservation area. During the period of totalitarianism,
however, monument care was not at a significant level, therefore, until
1989, many important monuments of the city were unsightly, some even in
very bad condition. The fact that trucks and buses passed through it
also had a bad effect on the historic center. Even then, however, the
run-down town attracted not only visitors, but also filmmakers (e.g. Hop
- a je tu ape ape 1977).
During the invasion of Czechoslovakia by
Warsaw Pact troops in 1968, many protest actions and demonstrations
against the occupying forces took place in Krumlov, as in other Czech
and Slovak cities. There were protest strikes in businesses, civic
meetings were held on Svornost Square, and the locals tried their best
to prevent the movements of the occupying troops, who penetrated the
city and occupied important buildings, such as the Krumlov barracks.
Citizens, businesses and likewise the local committee resolutely refused
to collaborate with the occupying forces. By 1969, however, the process
of so-called normalization was initiated in Czechoslovakia, which
excluded any further mass manifestations of disapproval of the
occupation.
Cultural life in the era of totalitarianism could not
be compared with the culture of pre-war Krumlov. Fortunately, it was
possible to preserve many things, for example the institution of the
Music School at the church of St. Víta, or the tradition of historical
celebrations (1909, 1968, 1969), from which the Five-leaf Rose Festival
arose after the revolution.
After the Velvet Revolution in 1989, Krumlov became one of the most
important destinations for foreign tourists in the Czech Republic. Civil
and cultural life was restored and many civic associations and cultural
institutions were founded, the Five-leaf Rose Festival was renewed and
many music festivals were established. Substantial funds were invested
in the restoration of historic buildings, and Český Krumlov today ranks
among the most beautiful cities in the Czech Republic, Europe and the
world. In 1992, the town and castle were included in the World Cultural
and Natural Heritage List - UNESCO.
Within the framework of
European regional policy, Český Krumlov is significantly involved in
mutual Czech-German-Austrian understanding, from student exchange stays
to cultural events and exhibitions (Zemská výstavsta žíchní Czechy -
Upper Austria 2013).
The city has also been visited by several
important personalities, such as the Danish Queen Margaret II, the
Swedish King Carl XVI Gustaf or the British King Charles III.
Czech and German residents have lived side by side since the city was
founded. With the development of mining already in the Middle Ages,
German quickly began to prevail in the town, which is why in the 19th
century, 72% of the town's 8,300 inhabitants spoke German and 18% Czech.
However, the Second World War ended the sometimes wild, sometimes
peaceful coexistence of Czechs and Germans in Český Krumlov after 700
years. In 1938, the majority of the Czech population had to leave the
city, after 1945, on the contrary, the vast majority of the German
population.
As of September 24, 2007, of the 14,056 inhabitants,
14.7% were under the age of 15. According to census data, 26% of the
city's residents were religious. Approximately 93% of the population
claimed Czech nationality, 2% Slovak nationality, and 1% German
nationality.
The transformation of the economy after 1989 meant the demise of some
Krumlov racing enterprises, e.g. the OTAVAN clothing factory. On the
other hand, thanks to the tourism industry, many jobs have been created
in services, especially in accommodation and hospitality. Today, tourism
is the basis of the local economy. It focuses on Czech and foreign
visitors, participants of local festivals and boaters on the Vltava. The
main tourist season takes place in the summer months.
In the
north of the city, on the outskirts of Domoradic, a new industrial zone
was established in the 1990s. Among the food businesses operating in the
city are bakeries, a branch of South Bohemian dairies Madeta and the
local Krumlov brewery, formerly known as Eggenberg.
Unemployment
in the city was 3.61% as of April 30, 2018.