Pienza

 

Pienza is an Italian town of 2 076 inhabitants in the province of Siena in Tuscany. Located in Val d'Orcia, it is not far from the Cassia state road and from the other two important centers of the valley, San Quirico d'Orcia and Castiglione d'Orcia. The historic center was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1996.

 

Monuments and places of interest

Much of the significant historical-artistic heritage of Pienza is concentrated in the suggestive square dedicated to Pope Pius II, a personality who gave so much to the town, trying to make it his "ideal city" of the Renaissance. His projects, entrusted to Bernardo Rossellino, were only partially completed, but still remain one of the most significant examples of rational urban planning of the Italian Renaissance.

The Renaissance Cathedral is immediately isolated and clearly visible; in front, the Town Hall and next to it Palazzo Borgia and Palazzo Piccolomini.

The Hermitage is a complex of rooms dug into the sandstone by hermit monks and is located near Pienza. In a cave there is a sculpture of a Madonna with six fingers, linked to a miracle of Saint John Damascene, testifying to the monks' relationships with Eastern Christianity.

 

Religious architecture

Pienza Cathedral
Church of San Francesco
Monastery of Sant'Anna in Camprena
Church of San Bernardino in Castelluccio di Pienza
Parish Church of Saints Leonardo and Christopher in Monticchiello
Parish Church of Santa Maria dello Spino in Monticchiello
Chapel of San Regolo (Palazzo Massaini)
Church of Mercy
Church of San Giovanni
Church of Santa Caterina
Parish Church of Saints Vito and Modesto in Corsignano
Hermitage
Abbey of San Pietro in Campo
Parish Church of Santa Maria in Cosona
Chapel of Cosona castle
Church of San Niccolò in Spedaletto
Borghetto Chapel
Palazzone Chapel

 

Civil architecture

Piccolomini Palace
Town Hall
Palazzo Borgia, home of the Diocesan Museum
San Carlo Conservatory
Gonzaga Simonelli Palace
Pincelli Palace
Villa Benocci
Villa Fregoli
Villa del Borghetto
Massaini Palace

 

Military architecture

Walls of Pienza
Spedaletto Castle
Cosona Castle
Castelluccio Bifolchi
Palazzone Tower
Tarugi Tower

 

Natural areas

Lucciola Bella nature reserve
Checche Oak

 

How to get

By plane
The closest airports to Pienza are:
Florence: "Amerigo Vespucci" Airport
Perugia: "Sant'Egidio" Airport
Pisa: "Galileo Galilei" Airport
Rome: "Leonardo da Vinci" Airport

By car
A1 Autostrada del Sole: exit at Chiusi/Chianciano Terme, take the SS 146 for Chianciano Terme, Montepulciano, Pienza.

On the train
Chiusi - Chianciano Terme railway station, on the Rome - Florence line.

 

Shopping

An excellent olive oil is produced in its territory; Pienza is part of the national association of oil cities.

1 Porta della Cavina (Palazzo Ammannati), Corso il Rossellino 53, ☎ +39 0578749906, info@botteghe-aperte.com. Mon-Sun 10am-1.30pm, 2.30pm-7pm. Room perfumery, gift items, clothing accessories, bags.
2 Bottega Verde, Corso Rossellino 36, ☎ +39 0578748345.

 

Where to eat

Modest prices
1 From Fiorella, Via Condotti 11, ☎ +39 0578749095, dafiorella@libero.it.

Average prices
2 La Buca di Enea, Via della Buca 10, ☎ +39 0578 748653.

 

Where stay

Average prices
1 Relais Il Chiostro di Pienza, Corso Il Rossellino 26, ☎ +39 0578748129, fax: +39 0578749107, info@relaisilchiostrodipienza.com.
2 Hotel Residence San Gregorio, Via della Madonnina 4, ☎ +39 0578748059, fax: +39 0578 748354, info@sangregorioresidencehotel.it.

 

Safety

Combined hospitals of Valdichiana (Nottola Hospital), Via Provinciale 5, Nottola, ☎ +39 0578713111. The nearest hospital is located in the municipality of Montepulciano in Nottola. Combined hospitals of Valdichiana.

 

Territory

Seismic classification: zone 3 (low seismicity), PCM 3274 Ordinance of 20/03/2003
Climate classification: zone E, 2113 GR / G
Atmospheric diffusivity: high, Ibimet CNR 2002

 

Climate

The climate of Val d'Orcia and Pienza has moderate continental characteristics, more accentuated in the valleys due to the frequent phenomenon of thermal inversion. Summers are hot and

 

 dry, while winters are moderately cold. Precipitation, rather irregular, is contained thanks to the location of the windward area with respect to Monte Amiata which blocks or attenuates the humid south-western winds.

The table relating to the data of the Pienza Meteorological Station shows the average values ​​recorded in Pienza and which can be considered reliable for most of the Val d'Orcia.

 

History

The city until 1462 was nothing more than a small village called Corsignano. The event that changed the fortunes was the birth in 1405 of Enea Silvio Piccolomini who 53 years later became Pope Pius II. It was precisely a journey of the pontiff to Mantua that led him to cross the place of his birth and the degradation he found led him to decide to build a new ideal city above the ancient village, entrusting the renovation project to the architect Bernardo Rossellino: it lasted about four years and brought to light a harmonious town with typically fifteenth-century shapes. The premature death of Pope Pius II also closed the history of the new city, which has undergone limited changes since then.

Due to the beauty of its Renaissance historic center, Pienza became part of the UNESCO natural, artistic and cultural heritage in 1996, followed in 2004 by the same valley area in which it stands: the Val d'Orcia.

 

Natural history

In 2003, in the natural reserve of Lucciola Bella, the fossil remains of an Etruridelphis giulii (marine mammal similar to a dolphin) that lived in the area over 4.5 million years ago re-emerged, in a period in which the current badlands were the seabed of the Tyrrhenian Sea. The fossil has been considered by scholars of great scientific value, because it is the most complete find of the species existing in the world.

 

Society

Foreign ethnic groups and minorities

According to ISTAT data as of 31 December 2010, the resident foreign population was 152 people. The most represented nationalities based on their percentage of the total resident population were:
Romania 57 2.61%

 

Traditions and folklore

Since 1960, the Palio del cacio al melto has taken place in the main square in the first week of September. A spindle is positioned in the center of the square, and from it concentric circles are drawn, with an increasingly larger radius and lower score. There are six teams; each team has six members and any reserves. The competitors roll a wheel of cheese on the paved floor of the square trying to get it as close as possible to the spindle. Each member has three shots available, the team that obtains the highest score wins the Palio designed by local artists.

 

Anthropic geography

The municipal territory of Pienza is made up, in addition to the capital, of the hamlet of Monticchiello, the only inhabited center with the status of a hamlet of the municipality. Other smaller towns are Camprena, Castelluccio, Cosona, Palazzo Massaini and Spedaletto.

 

Economy

Craftsmanship

As far as craftsmanship is concerned, terracotta and wrought iron workmanship is still active, widespread and renowned.

 

Industry

Particularly renowned in the food sector is Pecorino di Pienza aged in PAT certified barriques.

 

Sport

Soccer

The main football team in the city is the Società Polisportiva Dilettantistica Pienza 1969 which plays in group D of Promozione Toscana. She was born in 1969.