Berovo (Берово) - a city in the eastern part of the Republic of Macedonia, which is located on the slopes of the Maleshevo Mountains, whose municipal boundaries cover an area of 598 km2. Near it is Berovo Lake. Berovo is located 161 km from Skopje, 47 km from Strumica and 52 km from Kocani.
There are two versions of how Berovo got its name.
According to the first, it got its name from the name of a
cattle breeder Bero. An argument for this is the existence of the
so-called Berovo meadow, in the area between the villages Machevo
and Robovo, which is considered to belong to this cattle breeder.
According to the second version, which is more probable, the
name Berovo came from the fact that people gathered at that place.
The question arises where the population came from. From the old
settlements in the locality of Turtela, Selca, Ribnica, Razdolo,
Klepalo, Dobri Laki and others, and later from the other Maleshevo
villages.
Berovo is located in the eastern part of Macedonia in the area of Maleshevo, ie the Maleshevo Valley at 846 meters above sea level. A wealth of beech, pine, oak forests was determined by its name "malesh - mountain". The municipal center Berovo and the rural settlements are located on the outskirts of the valley. Near Berovo is the artificial Berovo Lake, which due to its untouched nature and clean air is a favorable place for tourism development and several tourist facilities have been built around the lake.
In the Ottoman tax registers of the non-Muslim population of the
Malesheva vilayet from 1621-1622, the village of Berova was recorded,
which together with the Jewish neighborhood had a total of 55
households. In 1830, a cell school was opened in Berovo, where Petar
Klisarov from Shtip taught.
In the village of Razlovci near
Berovo, in 1876, the famous Razlovci Uprising took place, led by the
legendary Macedonian revolutionary from this area, Dimitar Pop-Georgiev
Berovski, who was born in the town of Berovo.
Berovo, which is part of the Maleshevo Valley, has a
temperate-continental climate with climate modification in the high
mountainous and lowland parts.
Berovo has significantly lower
average annual air temperature from the areas at the same altitude
in the wider part of this valley. At an altitude of 800 m, the
average annual temperature is 11.1 ° C, and in Berovo 8.7 ° C. The
coldest month is January with an average temperature of -10 ° C, and
the warmest month is July, with an average temperature of + 18 ° C.
The average annual minimum temperature is 2.8 ° C and the average
maximum temperature is 15.3 ° C. The most precipitation is in May
and June, as well as in November, and the driest months are August
and September. The average annual rainfall is 672 mm / m3. The main
maximum falls in May, averaging around 76.8 mm / m3, and the
secondary maximum in November -64.3 mm / m3. The main minimum is in
August, with an average of 37.6 mm / m3, and the secondary in
February. The number of rainy days per year is 118. In the average
annual amount of rainfall, the snow occupies about 15% and occurs
from October to May. On average, there are 42.2 days a year under
snow cover.
Relative humidity decreases from January to
August, then increases from December, and the average humidity is
76%. The average annual duration of solar radiation is 2,347 hours
or 6.4 hours per day, with a maximum in July of 10.2 hours per day,
and a minimum in December of 3 hours per day. In the Berovo Valley
fog is rare, there is only 8.4 foggy days. The appearance of hail is
rare, on average 2.9 days occur with hail. Frostbite is less
frequent and occurs 70 days a year, from September to May. Winds
from all 8 world directions occur in the Berovo Valley, but the
northern one prevails, with a frequency of 147% and a speed of 2.4 m
/ sec., Which is most present in January, February and March.
Berovo has four churches, two chapel churches plus
one church in the locality of Turtela, where the nuns from the
monastery "St. Archangel Michael" owned monastery property, where
they kept goods, and in the church they performed worship or prayer
rites. The Berovo Monastery of St. Archangel Michael and the nunnery
played a major role in the spirituality, enlightenment and
liberating ideas of the people in Maleshevo. The oldest of the four
churches is the monastery, which is located in the complex "St.
Archangel Michael". Then, in the extreme upper part of the city is
the church "Holy Mother of God", and in the center there is also a
beautiful church named "Holy Mother of God". In the very northern
part of the city, near the city cemetery is the church "St. Todor",
and the two chapel churches are also located in the extreme
southeastern part of Berovo, "St. George" and "St. Bogorodica". All
churches were built in the 18th and early 19th centuries. The most
arranged in the inner part is the church in the monastery complex
"St. Archangel Michael". The iconostasis were made by the famous
woodcutters Acko Arnautov, Atanas Sokolov and Kosta Pavlov. The
icons are the work of the far famous painter from Berovo Gavril
Atanasov, who studied the craft in Mount Athos. In 2013, the
cornerstone of the church "St. Gavril Lesnovski ".
Monastery
of St. Archangel (nunnery)
The monastery "St. Archangel" located
in Berovo is the only monastery in our country where monastic life
has been going on continuously for 153 years, just as old as the
lodgings. The monastery is for women, and the monasticism was
started by sister Evgenija in 1848. A legend is told in Berovo about
the construction of the church "St. Bogorodica" and the beginnings
of the sisterhood in the monastery, which even the church says is a
real event.
Monastery of the Assumption of the Most Holy
Mother of God (male monastery)
In this place there was a church
dedicated to the Assumption of the Most Holy Mother of God which was
restored and adapted for monastic life, and thus was transformed
into a Monastery. In 2002, a three-member fraternity moved here from
the Vodoчкиотa Monastery with the blessing of Bishop Nahum. Thus,
for the first time in Berovo, the beginnings of male monasticism
were set. The site itself has a special meaning for the people of
Berovo, as a place of worship and prayerful respect for the Most
Holy Mother of God.
Museum of the city of Berovo
This building, to which the residents
of Berov are sentimentally attached, because it is one of the
recognizable elements of the city. it was built at the end of the 19th
century, so until the eighties of the last century it had a different
purpose, always connected to a part of the city's administrative
functions - school, court, library. Unfortunately, after that, it was
left to the teeth of time, which turned it into an unpleasant sight in
the very center of Berovo, a dangerous zone for pedestrians due to
falling elements, and it was only a matter of time before the building
collapsed. But in cooperation with the non-governmental organizations
Ambrosia and Berani, funds were first secured for reconstruction through
the World Bank project "Development of Municipalities and Culture". Now
the building has all the attributes that a museum deserves
The
House of Culture "Dimitar Berovski"
The House of Culture "Dimitar
Berovski" is the only institution in the field of culture and the main
driver of all developments in the field of cultural and entertainment
life in the municipality of Berovo. After the liberation in 1946,
"Workers' University" and "National Library" were established in Berovo
for the needs that arose. Evening schools were organized for the
literacy of the population, various courses for the needs of labor
organizations, lectures and tribunes were held on socio-political
relations and developments in the country.
Through the workers'
university, which was named "Mosha Pijade", there were folklore groups
and individuals who, on the occasion of important public holidays,
performed in Berovo and the populated areas in the municipality, and
quite rarely outside in other cities in Macedonia. Later, the first
cinema was opened in Berovo as part of the Workers' University "Mosha
Piade". "Malesh" cinema as it was named first started working in the old
Sokolana hall as it was called before the war, then renamed "Partizan".
In 1953, a cinema hall was built with voluntary work, which still
exists today, and in which, in addition to rare cinema performances,
concerts, theater performances and other similar events are held.
At the end of the sixties, the first public broadcasting station in
the municipality "Radio Berovo" was opened, which operated as part of
the House until the end of the seventies, when it separated and operated
as an independent legal entity.
Birch - a
settlement from late antiquity;
Peaks - necropolis - tumuli from
the Iron Age;
Gradishte - settlement and necropolis from late
antiquity;
Dolno Gradishte-Jablanica - a settlement from Roman
times;
Kelaklevec - a settlement from late antiquity;
Kovacilnica - a fortified settlement from the Iron and Late
Antiquity and the Middle Ages;
The house - a settlement from
Roman times;
Linako - a settlement from late antiquity;
Pashailov Preslap - a settlement from late antiquity;
Popov Reed
- a site from late antiquity;
Saint Archangel Michael - medieval
pits;
Selca - a settlement from Roman times;
Shabano Gradishte
- a town from the late antique time; and
Shirok Dol - mounds from
late antiquity.
According to the statistics of Vasil K'nchov ("Macedonia, Ethnography
and Statistics") from 1900, 2,940 inhabitants lived in Berovo, of which
2,300 Macedonian Christians, 600 Macedonian Muslims and 40 Roma.
In the first organized census of SFR Yugoslavia in 1948, there were
18,144 inhabitants in the Berovo region, of which 3,619 in the city of
Berovo, 1,687 in Pehcevo, and 12,838 in the villages of the Maleševija
area. From an ethnic point of view, the population consisted of 17,538
(96.6%) Macedonians, 313 (1.72%) Roma, 152 Serbs, 81 Turks and 60
others.
According to the 2002 population census, the city had
7,002 inhabitants and belonged to the group of small cities.
The population in the city and the entire Maleševo district is mostly engaged in agriculture. Due to the specificity of the land in Maleševija, mostly potatoes are grown, for which Berovo is widely known. Berovo is also known for Berovo white cheese. The plan for the construction of a border crossing to Bulgaria, which would connect Berovo with Sandanski, would significantly improve the economy of the entire region.
The city of Berovo is located in the eastern part of the Republic of
Macedonia and is connected to the country's traffic system only by road
network systems and intercity passenger traffic. The municipality of
Berovo is connected to two regional road routes towards the interior of
the Republic of Macedonia, with:
R-527-Kočani-Vinica-Berovo-Klepalo (border crossing) and
R-523-Delcevo-Pehchevo-Berovo-Strumica and
R-524-Berovo-Klepalo
(border of the Republic of Bulgaria), which is not active due to the
incompleteness of the structure by the Republic of Bulgaria, but has
approved funds from the European Union and since October 2005,
construction has begun.
R-603-Berovo-Podaresh-Radovis is in the form
of design. All rural settlements of the municipality are connected to
the city of Berovo by asphalted local roads. Local roads have a total
length of 26.4 km and 109.94 ha, of which 14% are unpaved dirt roads. Of
the city streets, 27.94 km are paved and cover an area of 175.8 m2.
The main street network of the city of Berovo consists of st.
"Marshal Tito", which stretches in the eastern part of the city and runs
along its entire length and is part of the regional road route R-524
Berovo-Klepalo; "Novoprojektirana" street is the bypass road located
northwest of the city and is part of the regional road direction R-523
Delchevo, Pehchevo, Berovo, Strumica; "Boris Kidrich" street; "Goce
Delchev" street; "Partizanska" street; "23rd August" street and
"Ilindenska" street. Local transport between Berovo and surrounding
settlements is carried out by public bus transport, taxi transport and
bicycles or motorbikes. The intercity bus station is located in the city
center. Berovo is connected to other cities in the country and beyond
through intercity bus transportation. With the opening of the border
crossing to the Republic of Bulgaria, the frequency of buses and
passengers is expected to increase
Born in Berovo
Grandfather Iljo Maleshevski (1805 - 1898),
Macedonian ajdut and revolutionary
Dimitar Pop Georgiev Berovski
(1840 - 1907), Macedonian revolutionary
Nikola Maleshevski (1852 -
1935), Macedonian revolutionary
Atanas Razdolov (1872 - 1931),
Macedonian revolutionary and poet
Dimitar Acev (1893 - 1923),
Macedonian communist
Konstantin Pop Georgiev, Macedonian
revolutionary
Marija Pop Georgieva, Macedonian ajdutka, sister of
Dedo Iljo Maleshevski
Nikica Klincarski (1957 - 20??), former player
of Partizan and the Yugoslav national football team
Nikola Pehchevski
(1976 - 2001), Macedonian defender
Died in Berovo
Aco
Karamanov (1927 - 1944), a partisan died near the place called Prevalec