Gevgelija

 

Gevgelija (Гевгелија) - a city in the southeastern part of Macedonia, located in the Gevgelija-Valandovo Valley, Bojmija district, in the immediate vicinity (3 km) on the border with the municipalities of Kilkis and Meglen in Aegean Macedonia, today in Greece.

 

Tourism and hospitality

Smrdliva Voda is a tourist spot on Kozhuf Mountain, located at an altitude of 850 m and 24 km from the city of Gevgelija. It is known for its mineral water and its medicinal properties for stomach ailments, as well as stomach and kidney ailments. In the wooded areas, 400 holiday homes and a hotel have been built for the accommodation of guests.
Negorski spas are located 4 km from Gevgelija and represent an established tourist and recreational center due to the healing mineral water. Previous tests and experiences confirm that mineral water is suitable for treating rheumatic diseases, sterility, gastrointestinal diseases, diseases of the cardiovascular system, inflammation and other diseases of the peripheral system, as well as of the skin. The spas are surrounded by a forest and in them there is an opportunity for the preparation of sports teams from the country and abroad, even in the winter period due to the mild climate. This complex has 300 beds in three hotels, a swimming pool, a physical therapy department, as well as medicinal drinking water.

Ski center Kozhuf is a ski center on the mountain of the same name, in the immediate vicinity of the town of Gevgelija. The ski fields of this center extend into two natural amphitheatres, which are called Markovo Ezero and Porta. Each of the amphitheatres has 600 hectares, and the total area is somewhere around 1200 hectares. Both amphitheatres extend to the north, which allows for longer retention of the snow cover. There are three separate ski-trails for different variants on Markovo Ezero, namely: Tabla, K-92 and Zelen breg.
Hotel complexes: Gevgelija is called the Macedonian Las Vegas, because in its vicinity there are a large number of casinos, including one of the best in the Balkans - "Flamingo Hotel-Casino".
Another grandiose casino-hotel - Sheraton (Princess) - is currently being built, which will be several times larger than the Flamingo.

 

Origin of the term

The word Gevgelija probably comes from the Turkish word gölgeli, which means a place with many shadows.

According to a legend about the origin of the name Gevgelija, it is considered that a dervish who came and did not want to leave Gevgelija, because he liked the place very much. The inhabitants did not want to receive him and decided to persecute him by force. Enraged by this, the dervish began to angrily curse the frightened residents and called him back with the words gel-ger meaning "come back". Although a legend, the people of Gevgelija consider this as an oath of the ancestors, ie. always welcome those who decide to pursue their ideas in the city.

 

History

Gevgelija as a city is first mentioned in official Turkish documents from 1664. Located along many important roads that led from Thessaloniki and Dojran to Strumica and Skopje, around the 19th century, Gevgelija marked a significant economic boom. Gevgelija as a city began to develop in the middle of the XIX century, when the population of these areas felt the need to create a modern settlement to help passers-by and to host their travels to the Middle East with numerous inns. Thus, from 1871 to 1886, the first craft shops were opened in Gevgelija. Such economic and population growth of the settlement to get a city physiognomy, ie the registration in the cadastral books as a city settlement was officially done in 1886, when in administrative terms it became the center of a special kaza - Gevgelija.

The Church of the Ascension of Christ dates back to 1842.

Gevgelija gets a real city image in 1886. In a referendum held on April 23, 2017, the citizens of the Municipality of Gevgelija voted against opening mines for metallic raw materials.

 

General features

This area has always been an important crossroads for travelers and goods traveling from Europe to the Middle East or vice versa. With the construction of the Skopje-Gevgelija-Thessaloniki railway in 1873 and the Skopje-Gevgelija highway, it became an important transit corridor. Gevgelija is located only 70 km from Thessaloniki, and 165 km from Skopje, the capital of R. Macedonia. Exactly because of the important roads, the roads from the north and the south intersect here, so that Gevgelija is a European gate for all those who went north.

 

Climate

Gevgelija is located at 64 meters above sea level and is influenced by the Mediterranean climate, above all, by the Mediterranean climate influence from the Aegean Sea. Kozuf Mountain with its highest peak "Zelen Bey", which is located at 2,167 meters above sea level, is a natural border between the Mediterranean and continental climates. Gevgelija has 240 sunny days a year, with an annual amount of 2,392 hours of sunshine. The average annual temperature is 14.3ºC, the average annual minimum temperature is 8.6ºC, while the average maximum annual temperature is 20.6ºC. The highest maximum temperature was measured in July 2004 and was 44.6 ° C, and the lowest minimum temperature was measured in December 1999 and was -16 ° C. The average annual rainfall is 649 mm / mW. The highest rainfall is in October and November, while the driest are July and August. However, on June 4, 2004 alone, 213 l / mW fell. The average number of days with snow cover is 4, and with fog 7 days. Such climatic conditions allow Mediterranean fruits, such as figs, pomegranates, olives, tangerines and lemons, to grow under this Mediterranean climate. Along the valley of Konska Reka, west of Gevgelija, there is a rare and unique evergreen tree in the Balkans, known as the "naked man" (Arbutus andrachne), whose trunk is covered with reddish and scaly bark.

 

Religion

The Church of St. Spas is the oldest church in the region, built in the early 19th century, where people from Thessaloniki even came for the fair in honor of the patron saint. In 1873, with joint funds, the people of Gevgelija built the church "Holy Trinity", and on the place where the chapel was built, in 1895 the church "St. Cyril and Methodius" was built.

Church "St. Cyril and Methodius"
Church "St. Salvation "
Peter and Paul Church - Catholic Church
Christian Adventist Church - Gevgelija - Adventist Church
Headquarters of the Hierarch's Office Gevgelija of the Povardarie Diocese of the MOC.

 

Population

According to Stefan Verković's statistics in 1860, there were 215 houses and approximately 1,200 inhabitants in Gevgelija, and only ten years later the population increased to 1,610, of which 1,257 were Christians - Macedonians, 250 Turks and 103 Vlachs. In 1870, Gevgelija became an important market place for the inhabitants of the Gevgelisko Pole and Majdačka Visoramnina.

In 1886, Gevgelija was formally declared a town settlement and administrative center of Gevgelija district, with a total of 68 settlements. Over 3,000 inhabitants live in the city. At the end of the main street, which was cobbled and lit with lanterns, the buildings of the neighborhood and municipal administration, the military barracks and several two-story houses sprung up. In 1890, Gevgelija had over 4,000 inhabitants, of which 3,600 were Macedonians, and the rest were Turks, Roma and Circassians.

According to the statistics of Vasil K'nchov ("Macedonia, Ethnography and Statistics") from 1900, 4,175 inhabitants lived in Gevgelija, of which 3,000 Macedonians, 650 Turks, 230 Roma, 175 Circassians and 120 Vlachs.

In the first organized census of SFR Yugoslavia in 1948, there were 31,656 inhabitants in the Gevgelija section, of which 4,967 were in Gevgelija, 1,992 in Valandovo, and 24,697 in the villages (Bojmija, Vlahomeglen, Dojransko Pole). From an ethnic point of view, the population consisted of 24,063 (76%) Macedonians, 5,172 (16.3%) Turks, 773 (2.44%) Serbs, 593 (1.87%) Vlachs, 230 Roma and 825 others.

According to the 2002 census, the city has 15,685 inhabitants.

 

Social institutions

Education

In 1888, a one-story school building was built in the yard of the "Holy Trinity" church, where the elementary school is located, which until then was located in one-story houses. In 1909, a new one-story school building was built in the courtyard of the "Saint Cyril and Methodius" church, which houses the elementary school. The first secondary school was opened in 1902 in the two-story building near the railway station.

University "Goce Delcev", Stip
USO "Josif Josifovski"
OU "Vlado Kantarjiev"
OU "Krste Petkov Misirkov"
OMU "Vaso Karajanov"

 

Culture

Librarianship
The beginnings of the library activity in Gevgelija date back to 1910, when the first reading room named Prosveta was established in the city. The reading room was established for the needs of the drama section and had a symbolic book collection brought from private libraries. In the period between the two world wars, the reading center did not work regularly. Namely, there were years, especially when its management was in the hands of sympathizers of the labor movement or in the hands of the party organizations themselves, when the reading room was closed. Such was the case in 1924, 1928 and 1938. During the period of the fascist occupation, the reading room worked occasionally and was an important place for the spread of advanced ideas. Until 1945, the reading room worked intermittently, conditioned by the social and political circumstances of the time. After the liberation of Gevgelija (November 7, 1944), the People's Liberation Board of Gevgelija made a decision to establish a city reading room and invited the citizens to help in collecting books for that purpose. With this action, about 3,000 books were collected, after which a selection was made and in 1945, at the beginning of February, the city library started its work. In the beginning, the library was located in the premises of Mitso Chuguntsaliev, on the promenade, in the central city area, and since 1950 it has been operating in the current building. The building in which the library is located has been declared a cultural monument.

 

Museums

The Government House was built in 1906, and since 1992 it has been converted into a national museum. It houses several departments from prehistory, the ancient period, as well as an ethnological historical collection.

 

Cultural activities

Christmas happening (January 5)
Poetic and musical event "For you my love" (March 8)
Theater Day (March)
"Gevgelija musical spring" (April, May, June)
"Salvation Day" (May)
Pomegranate (May)
Gevgelija Dance (May 29)
The Best for the Best (May)
Folklore Necklace (June)
Art colonies "Dojrana" (June, July)
Star childhood (from September to May)
"Gevgelija musical autumn" (September, October)
Good morning school (September)
Children's Week (October 1-5)
Book Month (October 15 to November 15)
November 7 (Gevgelija Liberation Day)
New Year's performance (December)

 

Sports

Gevgelija nurtures the sports tradition by promoting popular sports such as the sports hall in Gevgelija, which is a pleasant and modernly equipped space for sports. There is also a soccer field near the city center, and traditionally every year motocross and championships on a European scale are held.

Karate Club Gevgelija from Gevgelija is the successor of Karate Club Partizan which started its activities in 1968 in the premises of the physical sports society Partizan from Gevgelija. Gevgelija Karate Club is the winner of numerous medals at national and international competitions. the greatest success in the history of the club was achieved by the women's team from the generation born in 1989/1990 in the team kata discipline. Namely, this team was a multiple European champion in the team kata discipline. The team existed for about 10 years and was led by Alexandra Avramova all the time. Today, the club has about 30 members, most of whom are medalists at national and international tournaments. Enrollment of new members is carried out in parallel with the beginning of the school semester.

 

Personalities

Born in Gevgelija
Toma Bayaltsaliev (1870 - 1947), revolutionary
Argir Manasiev (1872 - 1932), revolutionary, duke and head of MRO
Ilia Doctorov (1874 - 1947), revolutionary
Sava Mihailov (1877 - 1905), revolutionary and Duke of MRO
Leonid Yankov (1878 - 1905), revolutionary and Duke of MRO
Georgi Gerdžiković (1800 - 1911, Thessaloniki) Macedonian revolutionary, participant in the Macedonian revolutionary movement, member of the Macedonian Club from Belgrade
Georgios Vafopoulos (1903 - 1996), Greek poet[12]
Milko Mirchev (1906 - 1973), educationalist and archaeologist
Dimitar Zafirovski (1907 - 1973, Skopje), member of ASNOM
Ivan Dojchinov (January 11, 1909 - January 29, 1992, Skopje) - Macedonian communist, fighter in the Spanish Civil War and participant in NOV
Kiril Manasiev (June 23, 1909 - April 18, 1936, Sofia, Bulgaria) - Macedonian revolutionary and cultural-national actor
Josif Josifovski - Sveshtarot (August 2, 1915 - October 6, 1943, village of Klenoec, Kichevsko) - Macedonian communist, participant in NOB and national hero.
Jovo Kamberski (January 11, 1923 - April 25, 1995, Skopje) - Macedonian storyteller and novelist
Ilija Dzadzev (1926 - 1991, Skopje), Macedonian poet
Vasil Guchev (b. 1930), Macedonian physicist
Georgi Stardelov (b. 1930), esthetician, literary critic, president of MANU
Vasil Tocinovski (b. 1946), writer, essayist, literary historian and translator
Nikola Kurkchiev (b. 1954), politician, MP of SDSM
Todor Petrov (b. March 19, 1960), president of the World Macedonian Congress
Blaže Minovski (1961) - Macedonian storyteller, novelist and playwright
Jovan Kostov (b. 1982), Macedonian scholar, linguist
Stefan Markovski (b. 1990), writer, poet and philosopher
Alexander Singer, physician