Radoviš

 

Radoviš (Радовиш, Radovish) - a town in the southeastern part of the Republic of Macedonia. The city is the second largest in the southeastern region, located at the foot of Mount Plachkovica and the northern part of the Strumica-Radoviš Valley. The highway M6 Stip - Radoviš - Strumica is the main connection of the city. It is the seat of the Municipality of Radovis, to which another 35 settlements belong. Radovish is known for the Church "St. Trinity ”, the Cross over Radovish, the mountain Plachkovica, the mine Buchim, the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and the Radovish samun and tatlija

 

History

Prehistory and the ancient period
Traces of material culture have been found on the territory of the municipality of Radovis since prehistoric times. Particularly interesting are the findings from the Neolithic Age, the Copper Age, the Hallstatt and the Bronze Age. In the time of Philip II of Macedon and Alexander the Great, the territory of Radovis was inhabited by the Paionians. It is believed that the Paeonian tribes Doberi and Astrai inhabited here, after which the centers Dober and Astraion were named. But in science there are still assumptions about the exact location of these centers. Numerous remnants of value are from the time of the pre-Roman and Roman eras. These are mostly ancient settlements, necropolises, castrates, baths, aqueducts, milestones and other finds.

Medieval period
The city of Radoviš was first mentioned in 1019. in the Letter of the Byzantine Emperor Basil II, and it was also called the medieval parish, which shows that the city function dates back to the Middle Ages. At that time Radovish was an important regional trade, craft and mining center. The name of the town of Radovis is related to the name of the medieval princess of Slavic origin, Rada, who lived in the fortress above the town, whose ruins still exist.

In the period of the 14th century it was under the rule of the Serbian rulers - in 1361 Tsar Uros resided in it.

Under Ottoman rule
Under the rule of the Turks, Radovish fell in 1382-1383. According to historical data and sources, the Turkish army on its way to Central Europe occupied the cities in front of it. In the occupied cities, the Turkish authorities deployed only a few officials and their guards to welcome and send their troops. On the other hand, they did not want to provoke the local population to revolt, so as not to cause them problems during their march to Europe. Under the Turkish conquest at the beginning of the 16th century, many people settled in this area - Yuruci - Turkish nomadic tribe, an ethnic group that is still present in Radovis. According to the 1519 census, the settlement numbered 200 households, of which 177 were Christian and 23 Muslim. In this document the city was signed as Radovishte. In the following years, however, the situation changed dramatically. With the colonization of the Muslim population of Asia Minor, a greater influx of new inhabitants was felt, both in Radovish and in the surrounding villages. Due to this artificial migration of the Turkish population, in 1572 Radovish already had 365 households, of which 303 were Christian and 62 were Muslim. The famous Turkish travel writer Evliya Çelebi visited Radovish in 1662 and in his notes on the city noted: “The town has: about 400 houses, distributed in five neighborhoods; there are five mosques, a dervish tekke, a mekteba, a madrasa, a hammam, three annas, two taverns and a small town bazaar with about 150 shops. "The settlement is surrounded by gardens and vineyards." Celebija further explains in his notes that the town was a picnic area and hunting ground of a king named Radul. The documents Kyustendil metropolitans in the 17th century are also called Radovish. At the end of the 18th century, Radovish was a town surrounded by a wall of an old fortress, the remains of which still stand today. Once the great road from Pomoravje through Kumanovo and Ovche Pole and Radovishko Pole through Strumica led to the Gulf of Thessaloniki and Orphan. In 1820, in the publication of Mr. Hassel, Radovish is marked with the toponym Radoviste and there were 300 houses in the town. With this toponym, Radovish was drawn on a map of European Turkey, published in Vienna in 1828. In 1854, the city was visited by the French travel writer Ami Boue. He mentions Radovish as the tenth most important city in Skopje Pashalak with about 1,500 inhabitants. In the 1970s, Radovish grew into a market center, then known for its tobacco and poppy exports. A larger increase in the settlement was observed at the end of the 19th century. In 1896, Radovish numbered 1,100 houses, of which 700 were Muslim and only 400 Christian. During this period there were six mosques in the city, ten to fifteen annas, one hammam, a city clock tower and a Christian church, built in 1832. The streets of the city were narrow and crooked, partially paved, while the houses were ground floor, rarely on the first floor. The city was divided into thirteen neighborhoods, of which 7 were Muslim and 6 Christian (Macedonian). The bazaar numbered 150 shops and was quite dynamic, in which the most developed handicrafts and trade. This oriental character of Radovish lasted until the Balkan Wars.

 

In the 19th and 20th century Radoviš and the surrounding area were influenced by historical events related to the Razlovech, Kresna and Ilinden uprisings, then the events of the Balkan Wars, the First and Second World Wars and the period after the Second World War contributed to the present appearance of Radoviš.

The territory of the municipality of Radovis is rich with explored and many unexplored archeological sites, monasteries and churches that are part of the rich treasury of cultural monuments.

World War Two
On October 22, 1944, the German fascist army set fire to a number of houses in the downtown area. The city was liberated on November 6, 1944.

 

Cultural and natural sights

Churches

Church "St. Trinity"
Church "St. Elijah"
Church "St. Save Radovishki"

 

Archaeological sites

City Bush - Iron Age tumulus;
Isarot - Kale - Medieval fortress;
Kuklenica - Medieval settlement;
Turkish Cemetery - Teke - a medieval necropolis

 

Tourism

The richness of the forest stock, the variety of flora and fauna, the clean and healthy environment, the configuration of the terrain, the rivers and the artificial reservoirs make the region attractive for recreational sports, hunting, fishing and rural tourism.

In that regard, the development possibilities of the region are perceived, first of all, in the commercialization of attractive natural resources. Economic effectuation of natural resources presupposes the existence of adequate infrastructure, organization and adequate tourist propaganda. In that direction, significant development incentives can come from new and quality accommodation facilities, from food facilities, from various craft and service facilities and shops, from sports fields, from tourist guides in rural tourism, which is part of the enrichment of tourism an offer. The development of these specific types of tourism will enable a wider front for action and market effectuation of food production (milk, meat, vegetables, fruit, wine, etc.) in attractive hunting-fishing and recreational rural areas. The most appropriate way to manage this activity and its related activities are small family businesses, expertly managed and designed by qualified managers.

There is also an excellent opportunity for the development of alternative forms of tourism (mountain, spa, rural, archaeological, etc.)

 

Geographic data

The town of Radovish is located in the Radovishka Kotlina at the foot of the Plachkovica mountain. Two rivers pass through it, Stara Reka and Sušica. The city is located at 41° 38' S and 22° 28' E. The altitude in the city is 380 m. The city covers an area of about 4 km2, 3 km in width (Industrial zone - Kaluzliska street) and 3.5 km in length (Raklish village - Quay 8 September).

 

Geographical position and natural resources

Located in the southeastern part of the Republic, the town of Radovish occupies the northwestern part of the vast Strumica-Radovishka Kotlina, that is, the upper catchment area of the Radovishka River. The northern part belongs to Plachkovica mountain, the southern part to Smrdeshnik mountain, to the northwest is the hilly part of the Jurukluk or Damjansko Pole area, and to the southeast stretches the alluvial plain of the Radovishka river. The municipality has good functional connections with the neighboring towns of Shtip and Strumica, from which it is only 36 and 29 km away. The city of Radovish is located in the central part of the municipality, at an altitude of 380 meters and is a municipal administrative center with a good location for the development of the economy. As an administrative center, it also serves the residents of Konche municipality.

From a hydrographic point of view, the municipality is interesting, with the occurrence of underground waters, springs and surface watercourses, as well as smaller artificial reservoirs. In addition to sources for drinking water in the municipality, there are also mineral waters, but without any major economic use. The hydrographic network of the municipality is divided into two river basins. Through the Radovishka river, the waters flow into the Strumica basin, while through the Kriva Lakavica river into the Bregalnica basin. Rivers in the town of Radovish are: Stara Reka (also known as Radovishka Reka), as well as the smaller Sušica and Marlada.

Vegetation - Forest complexes occupy about 21,000 hectares. Larger forest complexes are located around Stara reka and Oraovichka reka, where oak, beech and conifer forests are represented. of the phytocenoses in the forests, the most dominant are the Gorun Oak communities, the ash forests, the foothill beech community, the beech forest with the participation of birch on acidic soils, and the mountain beech community.

Radovish is 121 km (2 hours) from Skopje, 220 km from Ohrid, 502 km from Belgrade, 160 km from Thessaloniki, 620 km from Athens, 370 km from Tirana, 390 km from Durrës, 260 km from Sofia, 720 km from Varna, 670 km from Burgas, 840 km from Istanbul, 1030 km from Ljubljana, 2330 km from Paris and 2540 km from London.

 

Climate

Radovish is influenced by a moderate Mediterranean-continental climate. Due to the pronounced altitude difference (400-707 m above sea level), individual climate elements vary between a modified Mediterranean climate in the field and a mountain climate in the mountains. Average annual temperatures in the plains range from 12.5 to 13.0°С, and in the highest parts of the mountain massifs up to 7.5°С. The warmest months are July and August, with an average temperature of 23°C, and the coldest month is January with 1.2°C.

The average annual precipitation is 563 mm, with large variations from year to year, but there is a difference between the mountainous and plain regions. as for the annual sum of sunshine hours, the region has 2326 sunshine hours per year, i.e. 6.4 hours per day.

 

Radoviški settlements and neighborhoods

There are several settlements in Radovish, us. Raklish, us. Puklevica, us. Bel Kamen and us. Beverly Hills. Well-known neighborhoods are: Shain neighborhood, Varosh, Lisec neighborhood, Shopska neighborhood, Aegean neighborhood.

 

Population

According to the statistics of Vasil K'nchov ("Macedonia, Ethnography and Statistics") from 1900, 6,230 inhabitants lived in Radovish, of which 4,000 were Turks, 2,030 Macedonians and 200 Roma.

In the first organized census of SFR Yugoslavia from 1948, there were 24,249 inhabitants in Radovishko srez, of which 4,678 in the city of Radovish, and 19,571 in the villages (Radovishko Pole, Juruklak, Shopluk, Lakavicko). From an ethnic point of view, the population consisted of 14,055 (57.9%) Macedonians, 9,390 (38.7%) Turks, 525 (2.16%) Roma, 93 Vlachs and 186 others.

According to the population census in 2002, the city of Radovish had 16,223 inhabitants, and the municipality of Radovish had 28,244, the population density in the municipality is 46 inhabitants/km2. The city was mainly inhabited by Macedonians, as well as Turkish and Roma population.

 

Local Government

Bodies of local self-government are the Mayor of the Municipality of Radovish and the Council of the Municipality of Radovish.

The local administration and its departments are under the authority of the mayor of the municipality of Radovish, whose job is to represent and advocate the interests of the municipality and its residents, and to ensure the execution of the tasks assigned to the municipality by law.

The mayor of the municipality of Radovish since 2013 is Mr. Sashko Nikolov from the party VMRO-DPMNE, who was elected in the local elections in 2013, and his mandate lasts four years, that is, from 2013 to 2017.

Previous mayors of Radovish Municipality were: Dr. Robert Velkov (from 2005 to 2013), Dr. Riste Kukutanov (from 2000 - 2005), Kircho Susinov (from 1996 - 2000) and Dr. Ljupcho Zahariev (from 1990-1996).

The Radovish Municipality Council is a representative body of the citizens of the municipality and is composed of 19 councilors elected in local elections. The President of the Council is Mr. Nikolcho Miovski (VMRO-DPMNE). Standing committees function within the council.

 

Economy

The city's economy consists of the private, state sector, and a part of the population is engaged in agriculture (tobacco, horticulture and cereals).

From the state sector, the largest employers are PE "Makedonski Shumi" - subsidiary "Plackovica", PE "Plavaja", Radovish Police Station, PHI Zdravstven dom, the education sector (kindergartens, schools and faculty), the court, the municipality and regional ministries.

In the private sector, these branches are represented:

Mining, through the "Buchim Mine" - a mine for copper, gold and silver. With 550 workers, the mine is the largest employer of the population of Radovish municipality.

The textile, that is, the clothing industry is developed in the city. About 20 confectioneries work, the largest of which are: "Mardi", "Connelly", "Super Hit", "Marcos", "FerTex" and others.

A large part of the population in the city and municipality is engaged in planting and producing tobacco. "Yaka tabak" (the so-called monopoly) is a company that buys, processes and sells tobacco.

In Radovish there is also a company for the production and sale of gold jewelry - "Goldmak".

Metal processing industry, the most important companies are "Metal Promet" and "Semi".

The construction and design industry is represented by the following companies: "Technique", "Alfa Engineering", "Bino", "Technoengineering" and others.

Canning industry, such as "Best Food TI".

There are several dairies, and the largest is "Mlekara Gjorgievi" (former dairy "Cooperant").

Wood industry and production and sale of furniture, through the companies "SHIK", "Sovremen dom", "Asti 2007", "Avto kec" and others.

The "Bel Kamen", "Panorama" and "Bahamas" hotels operate in the field of catering; restaurants "Champion", "Ambassador", "Magmar"; pizzerias "Joker", "Mary Jane", "Santa Maria", "Gatsby", "Beverly Hills"; nightclubs "Full House" and "Diamond"; coffee bars "Ti-amo", "Escape", "Target", "Virus", etc.

There is also a meat industry (slaughterhouses and butchers), a dairy industry (confectioneries), service activities (cosmetics and hairdressing salons), wholesale and retail trade, crafts (repair of motor vehicles, watches, shoes, white goods, etc.) . Private activity is 90% of the total economy.

Branches of several banks operate in the city, such as: Stopanska banka, Komercijalna banka, NLB Tutunska banka, TTK banka and UNI banka.

Former economy
"Damjan Mine" was an iron ore mine, and was in operation from 1968 to 1992.

"AD Jaka 80" - a factory for the cosmetic, dietary and pharmaceutical industry. The factory was moved from Radovish to Skopje.

"AD Decortex" - textile and textile products factory.

"ZIK Radovishko pole" - production and sale of agricultural products.

 

Healthcare

In the city there is one public health institution "PHC Health Center - Radovish", and about seven outpatient clinics in the populated areas under the administration of the health center. PHI Zdravstven Dom - Radovish includes a gynecology-obstetric department, specialist outpatient offices for eye diseases, ear, nose and throat, internal medicine, etc.

There are at least 15 private health care facilities (PHU) of primary medical and dental health care operating in the city. Several private specialist practices in internal medicine, orthopedic practice and neuropsychiatric practice. Seven private pharmacies also operate.

 

Education

A total of five institutions work in the field of education and upbringing. One of them is a combined pre-school institution, two elementary schools with several regional facilities, one high school in the area of secondary education and one faculty.

Preschool education
JOU Kindergartens "Aco Karamanov" with the three facilities "Cvetovi", "Izvorche" and "Administrative Building".

Primary education
OU "Krste Petkov Misirkov" - Radovish - with about 1266 students and 70 employees.
OU "Nikola Karev" - Radovish Archived on May 13, 2012 - Radovish - with about 1070 students and 65 employees.

Secondary Education
Secondary school "Kosta Susinov" - Radovish - with 1146 students and 52 employees. The high school has a high school course, a metallurgical-technical course, and an electrotechnical course - electrical technician for computer technology and automation.

High education
Faculty of Electrical Engineering - Radovish, part of "Goce Delchev" University - Shtip. With two undergraduate study programs: "Automatic control systems" and "Renewable energy sources".

 

Sport

Sports clubs operate in Radovish: FC Plachkovica (founded in 1942), KK Radovish, ping pong club "Emi Petrol-Radovis" (founded in 1993, and today competes in the National Ping-Pong Leagues), RC "Radovis" (play in the Super League of Macedonia), the wrestling club "Buchim-Radovis" (winner of the title of State Champion of Macedonia for 2013, European and World Club Champion), the shooting club "Buchim", the cycling club "Sviok", the triathlon club "Ana- yes", the fishing club "Krap-Radoviš" (competing in the First Macedonian Fishing League), the motorcycle club "Dzinka", the mountaineering society "Bel Kamen", the mountaineering club "Plocha" Archived on March 18, 2014, the judo club " Sensei", karate club "Phoenix", sports fans "Lebari" and others.

Also, in the Municipality of Radovish, the "Municipal Futsal League - Radovish" has been renewed since 2013, and there is also the "Municipal School Futsal League" for the Elementary Schools of the Municipality of Radovish.

Radovish owns capital sports facilities such as: Sports and recreational complex "Champion" (with an Olympic swimming pool, several fields for indoor football and basketball, handball, volleyball and tennis courts), the Sports Hall "25 May" with a capacity of 1500 seats, the City Stadium for football in Radovish, tennis courts, multi-purpose sports courts and others.