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Armavir is a city in the south of the Russian Federation, in the
Krasnodar Territory. Located in the east of the Krasnodar Territory,
202 km from Krasnodar and 1400 km from Moscow. Together with the
suburban rural districts, the city of Armavir forms the
municipality.
The city is an important railway junction: the
Armavir-Rostovsky and Armavir-Tuapse stations of the North Caucasian
railway function there.
340 historical monuments of architecture, including:
the building
of the Armenian Apostolic Church "Surb-Astvatsatsin" (Holy Mother of
God) (the beginning of construction - 1843, the year of consecration -
1861).
the building of the Tatar mosque.
18 monuments of
monumental art, 40 monuments of military history.
2 music and art
schools, a palace of children's and youth creativity, 14 libraries, a
park of culture and recreation, a city palace of culture, 8 clubs, 3
cinemas.
Armavir Drama and Comedy Theater (since 1908) in 2008
celebrated its centenary.
house-museum of the writer Savva Dangulov.
Armavir Museum of Local Lore (since 1904) has 75 thousand items and
keeps the largest collection of stone sculptures in the Caucasus.
The
immediate environs of Armavir are rich in unique paleontological and
geological monuments, the formation of which is associated with various
phases of the development of the Sarmatian Sea (12-20 million years
ago).
Numerous archeological monuments: settlements of the early Iron
Age, burial mounds of the early and middle Bronze Age.
Monument to
Bulgakov's cat Behemoth from The Master and Margarita.
Monument to V.
I. Lenin on the Central Square, an exact copy of the monument located in
front of the Smolny Institute in St. Petersburg (there are only two
similar in Russia), preserved by the employees of the Armavir foundry
during the Great Patriotic War.
KVN team "Partners", champion of the
Central Krasnodar League of MS KVN (2006), united in 2009 with the KVN
team "BAK" (Bryukhovetskaya), and in this composition won the Higher
League of KVN in 2010.
Peoples' Friendship Park with a monument in
the center of which is a granite rose as a symbol of national unity.
Opened in 2016 at the initiative of national communities.
Sculptural
composition "Bow to Mother". Opened in September 2018 in the park at the
intersection of Kirov and Komsomolskaya streets.
Founded on April 21, 1839, the city was called the Armenian village,
as the Armenians who fled from the Circassian villages during the
Caucasian war settled here. Although the ancestors of the Armenian
settlers left their historical homeland as early as the 14th century, in
1848 they renamed the new village Armavir in honor of Armavir, the
ancient capital of Armenia (4th-2nd centuries BC), on the site of which
the Urartian city of Argishtikhinili was previously located.
The
toponym Armavir is figurative, it already existed in the ancient era,
was forgotten with the destruction of ancient culture and the
disappearance of the city, and then revived in the 19th century. A
fabulous legend about two brothers has developed around the name of the
city. After the death of their father, Armas and Viron did not divide
the inheritance and were at enmity. A terrible disease struck the
village, claiming the lives of many people from the two warring camps.
The brothers had to unite in the fight against danger, and they
themselves died almost simultaneously. In memory of the punished
brothers, the city was named Armavir.
Among the Circassians and
Circassians, the city is called Yermelkhabl - "Armenian village".
From the beginning of the 18th century, Islam began to
take root among the Adygs (Circassians), and for the Armenians
living among them in the North-Western Caucasus from the end of the
17th century, they were nicknamed by their place of residence -
Circassogai (“Circassian Armenians”, “Circassogai”, “Circassian
"Mountain Armenians" or "Trans-Kuban Armenians"), there was a threat
of losing the national religion (belonging to the Armenian Apostolic
Church). At the end of 1836, the “Circassian Armenians” appealed to
the head of the Kuban line, the Russian German, Major General Baron
G. H. von Sass, with a request “to take them under the patronage of
Russia and give them the means to settle near the Russians”.
In 1839, the settlement of Circassian Armenians (Circassogai) moved
closer to the mouth of the Urup River. This year is considered the
official date of the emergence of the new city. The aul was
surrounded on three sides by a deep ditch 2.5 meters wide and a
rampart. On the fourth side, the Kuban River flowed, which became
the natural border of Armavir. The boundaries of the settlement
changed several times due to the fact that more and more families
moved from the mountains. In the first years 120 families settled in
the aul, and by 1840 their number increased to 400. In addition to
the Circassian Armenians (Circassoges), several hundred serf
highlanders lived in the settlement (in 1859 there were 753 of
them). Life in a new place proceeded according to the same laws of
family life, which they adhered to in the mountains. The village was
divided into quarters, in which they settled by families who came
from the same auls. And although the ancestors of the Armenian
settlers left their historical homeland - Armenia in the XIV
century, they named the new village Armavir (in 1848), in honor of
the ancient Armenian city of Armavir - the first capital of ancient
Armenia (Airarat Kingdom / Ervandi Armenia / Great Armenia) in IV-II
centuries. BC
In 1875, the Vladikavkaz railway was laid
through Armavir. In 1876 the aul received the status of a village.
Since 1888 Armavir has been the center of the Labinsk department
of the Kuban region. In 1908, the construction of the Armavir-Tuapse
railway began.
On March 23 (April 5), 1914, the village was
transformed into a city by the "imperially approved regulation of
the Council of Ministers".
During the Civil War and military
intervention of 1918-1922. fierce battles took place in the area of
the city, the power changed three times. The local Soviet
government issued the Armavir ruble into circulation.
On
March 16, 1920, the 2nd Taman Cavalry Regiment of the 7th Caucasian
Division under the command of I. G. Chursin entered the city, and
Soviet power was finally established in Armavir.
From June 2,
1924 to June 20, 1936, the city was the center of the Armavir
region, at the same time until July 23, 1930 it was the center of
the Armavir district of the North Caucasian region.
On August
7, 1930, the city was classified as a city of regional
subordination. Since 2005 Armavir is the center of the municipal
formation "City of Armavir" with the status of an urban district.
Among the Circassians and Circassians, the city is called
Ermelkhyabl - “Armenian village”.
Armavir is the easternmost city of the Krasnodar Territory, located on the left bank of the Kuban River, at its exit from the northern foothills of the Greater Caucasus, at the confluence of one of the main tributaries of the river - Urup.
The climate in the city is temperate continental. Prevailing winds: southeast and east. The average annual wind speed is 4.9 m/s. Average annual rainfall: 600-650 mm. Average annual temperature: +11 °C, average temperature of the coldest month of January: -1 °C, of the warmest month of July: +23 °C.
Automobile transport
Federal highway M29 with a daily transit of
15 thousand cars.
The length of the roads is 270 km.
Intercity and
suburban bus service is carried out with the help of one bus station and
one bus station.
Railway transport
There are two railway
stations in the city: Armavir-Rostovsky and Armavir-Tuapse. Sending
freight cars: 164 thousand cars per year.
Air Transport
To the
main airports in the region:
Stavropol: 110 km;
Mineralnye Vody:
180 km;
Krasnodar: 200 km.
The city has its own airport Armavir,
but in recent years it has not been used for passenger traffic.
Water transport
The nearest seaports are in the cities of
Novorossiysk (350 km) and Tuapse (250 km).
Urban transport
Buses (32 city routes) and trolleybuses (5 routes) operate in the city.
Trolleybuses are the main mode of transport in the central, southwestern
and eastern parts of the city. The remaining areas of Armavir are served
only by bus routes.
50 public federations in various sports.
7 sports schools,
including 4 schools of the Olympic reserve, whose pupils are world,
European, Olympic champions (L. A. Chernova, O. V. Lyapina, A. Yu.
Markaryan and others).
172 sports facilities, 3 swimming pools, 2 ice
rinks (indoor and outdoor).
N.P. Simonyan Stadium, capacity 6192
spectators.
59 thousand people systematically involved in sports.
Football club "Armavir".
Armavir martial arts club
The following law enforcement agencies are located in the city:
Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for the city of
Armavir (MIA of Russia for the city of Armavir).
Department of the
traffic police of the Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of
Russia for the city of Armavir (OGIBDD MIA of Russia for the city of
Armavir).
Department for the city of Armavir of the FSB of Russia for
the Krasnodar Territory.
Prosecutor's Office of Russia for the city
of Armavir.
Armavir inter-district investigative department of the
Investigative Committee of the Investigative Committee of Russia for the
Krasnodar Territory.
Armavir city department of bailiffs of the Main
Directorate of the Federal Bailiff Service of Russia for the Krasnodar
Territory.
Branch in Armavir FKU UII UFSIN of Russia in the Krasnodar
Territory.
The department of private security in the city of Armavir
is a branch of the federal state state institution "Office of Private
Security of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation in the
Krasnodar Territory".
Also in the city there are bar associations and
offices (lawyers), notaries in private practice, private security
organizations and private detectives.
Armavir City Court of General Jurisdiction.
Judicial precinct No.
4 in Armavir.
Judicial precinct No. 5 in Armavir.
Judicial
precinct No. 6 of Armavir.
Judicial precinct No. 7 of Armavir.
Judicial precinct No. 8 in Armavir.
Judicial precinct No. 9 in
Armavir.
Judicial precinct No. 10 in Armavir.
The health care of the city of Armavir is represented by a large
number of medical institutions providing both outpatient and inpatient
medical care. The number of beds, including day beds in a hospital
facility in the district - 989, the capacity of outpatient facilities
per 10 thousand people - 175.5 visits per shift.
GBUZ "City
Hospital of Armavir"
GBUZ "Children's Hospital of Armavir"
GBUZ
"Perinatal Center in Armavir"
GBUZ "Emergency Station of Armavir"
GBUZ "Armavir Dermatovenerologic Dispensary"
Branch of GBUZ "Station
of blood transfusion"
GBUZ "Armavir Oncological Dispensary"
Branch
of GBUZ "Narcological dispensary"
GBUZ "Psycho-neurological
dispensary No. 2"
GBUZ "Armavir TB dispensary"
GBUZ "Infectious
Diseases Hospital No. 4"
GBUZ "Armavir Center for Medical Prevention"