Hotels, motels and where to sleep
Restaurant, taverns and where to eat
Borovsk is located in the Kaluga region. This old
Russian city, known from the middle of the 14th century. Borovsk -
the regional center of the Kaluga region. The population is about
11,000 people. Borovsk is located on the river Protva, the left
tributary of the Oka. Before the revolution, it was one of the
centers of the Russian Old Believers, the place of resodemce of
Avvakum, the Archpriest, and the Boyar Morozova.
Borovsk has
never had heavy industry, and the city as a whole has retained its
historical appearance. Now Borovsk is interesting for its preserved
architecture of the XVII-XIX centuries, the atmosphere of a small
county town and modern street frescoes.
Borovsk is unique for its street frescoes. The artist Viktor
Ovchinnikov, having retired, moved to Borovsk and began to paint the
walls of the houses, currently there are about 100 frescoes.
Pafnutiev Borovsky Monastery - a monument of architecture of the XVI
— XVII centuries.
Annunciation Cathedral of the late XVII
century.
Pokrovsky Old Believer Cathedral, in which the motor
transportation business is located.
How to get there
The best way to get to Borovsk is via
Balabanovo - a transport hub on the M-3 highway and the
Moscow-Kaluga railway.
By car
From Moscow:
On the
highway M3 (Kievskoye Highway) to the right turn to A108 (Great
Moscow Ring, exit exactly at 91 km), then follow the signs for
Borovsk. An alternative route (if traveling along the A108 is
complicated by road repairs): take the M3 to the right turn to
Balabanovo (after the 95 km mark), then after the tunnel under the
railway to the right. Then go straight along the station street,
which turns into A108, then follow the signs to Borovsk.
On the
A130 (Kaluzhskoye, then Varshavskoye Highway) to the intersection
with A108, behind the village of Sparrow, to the right along the
A108 to the intersection with M3, to the right (towards Moscow) to
M3 to the left turn to A108 at 91 km, then follow the signs to
Borovsk. Traveling through the city of Balabanovo on this route is
also possible, but there may be unforeseen delays on the left turn
from A108 to M3.
By bus
In Balabanovo, buses and minibuses
leave from the square next to the station as they are filled, the
journey time to Borovsk is 20 minutes.
Transport
Borovsk
has a bus route, but all the sights are within walking distance.
Average cost
"Guest House in Borovsk", st. Bernikova, 66A.
Cheap
Druzhba, st. Lenin, 1.
Pizzeria "Peacock" or
"Pavlin", st. Communist, 45.
Average cost
Izba, st. Lenin,
9a. Cafe with a terrace overlooking the left bank of Protva.
The city is surrounded by forests and located on the hills on both banks of the Protva River, approximately 15 kilometers from the Balabanovo station of the Kyiv direction of the Moscow Railway and 84 kilometers southwest of Moscow.
The first mention of the city is contained in the spiritual charter
of Grand Duke Ivan the Red, dated 1358. However, the ceramics found at
the Borovsky settlement (the site of the Borovsky Kremlin) date back to
an earlier time, from the 11th to the 13th centuries, which indicates
the existence of an ancient Russian settlement here. Archaeological
excavations and surveys of Borovsk show that at a distance of 500-800
meters from each other there were settlements on the left bank of the
Protva River (“Petrova Gora”) and on the right (at the settlement and in
the area of Kosovo ravine).
Borovsk. Denga of Prince Semyon
Vladimirovich. 1410-1426
Borovsk. Denga of Prince Semyon
Vladimirovich. 1410-1426
Borovsk. Denga of Prince Semyon
Vladimirovich. 1410-1426
Borovsk. Denga of Prince Semyon
Vladimirovich. 1410-1426
Borovsk. Denga of Prince Semyon
Vladimirovich. 1410-1426
Borovsk. Denga of Prince Semyon
Vladimirovich. 1410-1426
Around 1378, Dmitry Donskoy transferred
Borovsk, along with several volosts, to Prince Vladimir the Brave and
the city became one of the centers of the Serpukhov-Borovsk
principality, which existed until the 3rd quarter of the 15th century.
In the middle of the 15th century, Pafnutiy Borovsky founded a large
cultural and religious center of the Moscow state on the outskirts of
the city - the Pafnutievo-Borovsky Monastery. In 1480, Ivan III, who
owned the city, prepared troops near Borovsk for battle with the Horde.
In 1565, when Tsar Ivan the Terrible divided the Russian state into
oprichnina and zemshchina, the city and the surrounding lands became
part of the latter and were included in it until the end of 1567.
In the 17th century, Borovsk became the scene of the tragedy of the
Old Believers. Archpriest Avvakum was exiled here, and his comrades, the
noblewoman Morozova and her sister Princess Urusova, were placed in the
Borovsky prison (and there they were killed).
Since 1776, Borovsk
has been a district town of the Borovsky district of the Kaluga
governorate (since 1796 - the Kaluga province). In 1777, the coat of
arms of Borovsk was established.
During the Patriotic War of
1812, the city and the Pafnutiev Monastery were burned and devastated by
the French. In May 1857, the city was again badly damaged by fire - 150
residential buildings, 200 shops and several churches burned down.
From 1880 to 1892, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky lived in Borovsk, working
here as a teacher. Previously, the religious thinker N. F. Fedorov lived
and taught here.
Since July 1929, Borovsk has been the center of
the Borovsky district of the Kaluga district of the Moscow region.
Since July 1930, Borovsk has been the center of the Borovsky
district of the Moscow region (Kaluga district, like most other
districts of the USSR, was abolished).
Since July 5, 1944,
Borovsk has been the center of the Borovsky district of the Kaluga
region.
Military units and subunits of the 5th, 33rd and 43rd armies of the
Western Front and the Moscow Military District took part in the defense:
113th Rifle Division (formerly 5th Moscow Rifle Division of the People's
Militia).
110th Rifle Division (formerly 4th Moscow Rifle Division of
the People's Militia).
312th Infantry Division.
53rd Infantry
Division.
17th Tank Brigade.
2nd motorized rifle regiment of the
separate motorized rifle division for special purposes of the NKVD named
after. F. Dzerzhinsky.
Special cavalry regiment.
Artillery
regiments of the 43rd Army.
Units of the 151st and 152nd motorized
rifle brigades.
Anti-aircraft artillery group of the 1st Moscow Air
Defense Corps.
3rd Division of the 12th Guards Mortar Regiment.
Units of the 22nd Tank Brigade (group of captain K. G. Kozhanov).
Separate tank units of the 5th and 43rd armies.
40th Borovsky and
41st Podolsky fighter battalions of the NKVD.
The city was liberated from German occupation by the troops of the 33rd Army of General M. G. Efremov during battles that lasted from December 31, 1941 to January 4, 1942. Borovsk was taken by units of the 113th, 93rd and 201st Infantry Divisions with the support of units of the 338th Infantry Division.
In 1777 (March 10), the coat of arms of the city of Borovsk was approved, reflecting the feat of Mikhail Volkonsky, who died a brave death with his soldiers at the hands of the Poles in 1610: “Recalling this incident worthy of being remembered, the coat of arms of this city consists of a silver field depicting innocence and sincerity, a scarlet heart, showing fidelity, in the middle of which there is a cross, expressing true zeal for God's Law, the basis of all virtue, and this heart is surrounded by a green laurel crown, showing the indestructibility and firm persistence of glory worthy of this leader and others who died for a just cause with him." (PSZ of the Russian Empire. T. XX. 1775-1780).