Furmanov is located in the Ivanovo region, 33 km from Ivanovo. The village of Sereda-Upino in 1918 received the status of a city called Sereda. In 1941, the city was changed in honor of the writer Dmitry Furmanov.
1 Temple of the Ascension of the Lord (1727), st. Bolshaya
Furmanovskaya, 79. In common parlance, the temple is called White in
contrast to the Red Brick Church of All Who Sorrow Joy.
2 Temple in
the name of the Icon of the Mother of God of Joy of All Who Sorrow
(1897), st. Socialist, 36. Brick church in Russian style.
3 Gorbunov’s mansion, st. Sovetskaya, 6. An architectural monument of
the 19th century.
4 Memorial Museum of Dmitry Furmanov, st. Bolshaya
Furmanovskaya, 69. The house in which the writer Dmitry Furmanov was
born.
5 Furmanovskaya Art Gallery named after. D. A. Trubnikova,
Sovetskaya St., 9. from 10:00 to 17:00 except Tuesday and the last
Friday of the month.
By plane
There is a regional airport in Ivanovo.
By train
Furmanov stands on the Nizhny Novgorod - Ivanovo - Yaroslavl railway.
Trains from the Volga region to St. Petersburg and Yaroslavl stop here,
including two daily “parrots” Ivanovo-Yaroslavl.
By car
Furmanov is located on the A113 Kostroma - Ivanovo highway.
By
bus
The city is connected by bus to Ivanovo and Kostroma.
Bus
station
Dining room "Concordia", st. Socialist, 15.
Cafe "Lada", st.
Timiryazeva, 28.
"Tavern", st. Revolutionary, 8
Hotel “Three Lions”, Sovetskaya str., 12. ☎ +7-49341-21571
On the question of the origin of the former name of the settlement -
the appearance of the toponym "Sereda-Upino" - there are several
hypothetical versions, which remain mysterious to this day. Presumably
the original village that existed here since time immemorial was “Upino”
(upe - Balts - river, stream). According to one version, the additional
oikonym - Sereda, was probably added to the original one due to the fact
that trading opened in the village on Wednesday (“on Wednesday”) -
Wednesday was the weekly trading day. According to another, “middle” is
a plot of land received by a landowner, located in the middle of
communal peasant lands, or in the middle of land owned by the church.
In March 1941, it was renamed Furmanov in honor of a native of the
city, writer D. A. Furmanov.
The city is located on the non-navigable Shacha River (a tributary of the Volga), 33 km from Ivanovo, which is connected by a national highway (route P600 (old number A113) “Kostroma - Ivanovo”), as well as by railway.
The prevailing climate is moderate continental. Summer is warm but
short. Winters are long and cold. The coldest month of the year is
January with an average temperature of -11.1 °C, and the warmest month
is July with an average temperature of 18.6 °C.
The average
annual precipitation is 620 mm.
Origin of the village
The date of foundation of the village, which
bore the name Upina-Sereda, is unknown. According to local historians,
the village was originally called “Upina”, which probably indicates its
Finno-Ugric or Meryan origin.
17th century
The first mention
of the village, called “Terentyeva Sereda”, is found in an import
document dating back to 1624. In a document dating back to 1627-1631, it
is reported about Sereda: “In the village there is a good market, and
there are 20 regiments and 15 benches at the market, and they trade one
day a week on Wednesday...” According to Ivanovo local historians, in
1628- 1631 the village of Sereda-Upino belonged to the boyar, Prince
Dmitry Mamstrukovich Cherkassky, “he had his own house in Shuya.”
19th century
According to the Military Statistical Review of the
Russian Empire for 1848: “The village of Sereda is one of the centers of
the factory industry. The best fairs where horses are sold are in the
village of Serede-Upino. Occupations of the population: calico weaving,
flax spinning, absentee carpentry.”
According to the Central
Statistical Committee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of 1870-72,
published in 1877: “Kostroma province, Nerekhtsky district, 1st camp,
Sereda-Upino - village, near ponds. Located on the Armensky trade route
from the city of Nerekhta to the city of Shuya, from the district center
- 41 versts, from the camp apartment - 38 versts; courtyards - 31,
residents: male - 243 people, female - 308 people. Orthodox Church 1
(Voznesenskaya), fairs 3 (three), weekly markets.”
XX century
At the beginning of the 20th century, as a result of the growth of
workers’ settlements in the spinning and weaving factories nearby the
village, the population of which by 1918 reached more than 11 thousand
people, as well as in connection with the socio-political changes that
took place, the city was formed on July 27, 1918 Sereda (the additional
name is cut off), and on August 2, 1918, at the district congress of
Soviets of Workers' and Peasants' Deputies, new authorities and its
administrative boundaries were approved.
Sereda is a city with
the rights of a district center of the Seredsky district of the
Ivanovo-Voznesensk province, uniting more than a dozen villages: the
village of Sereda-Upino, the village. station "Sereda", village of
Kiselevo; the villages of Frolovka, Staroe and Novoe Nekrasovo,
Foteikha; villages: Malaya Kirillovka, Devya Gora, Lopatino, Obukhovo,
Novaya Kupchikha and Maloe Nikolskoye; territory area: 1. 911 acres.
According to the 1923 census, there are 2977 buildings in Sereda, of
which 123 are industrial and 22 are commercial establishments;
population: 12,836 people residents.
On March 13, 1941, in honor
of a native of Sereda, the Soviet writer Dmitry Andreevich Furmanov, the
city was renamed Furmanov, at the same time the name of the
administrative-territorial unit was changed, and a district of the same
name arose - Furmanovsky District.
During the Great Patriotic War
of 1941-1945. about 11,000 people Furmanovites became its participants,
of which 5,649 people did not return home: they died on the war fronts
or went missing. For the courage and heroism shown in the battles for
the Motherland, 3,200 Furman front-line soldiers were awarded orders and
medals, six soldiers were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union,
two became full holders of the Order of Glory.
Since the 1990s,
the city has been included in the Furmanovsky district.
XXI
Century
In 2005, the city of Furmanov was given the status of an
urban settlement within the Furmanovsky municipal district.
In
2009, a master plan for the development and construction of the city of
Furmanov was developed (the total length of 226 streets and roads is 120
km); The authors and developers are specialists from the Baza
Engineering and Design Company, part of the Arkhstroy group of companies
in Ivanovo.