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Magas is a city in the south of Russia, the capital of the Republic of Ingushetia. One of the few in recent decades, cities of the world, specifically founded as the capital. The smallest and youngest settlement, which is the administrative center of the subject of the Russian Federation. The city of republican significance, which forms the city of the same name of the city of Magas with the status of the city district as the only settlement in its composition. The city has Moscow time. The time zone is UTC + 3.
Alan Gate
Alley of the Republic
Alley of the 80th anniversary
of the Ingush statehood
Alley named after the first President of the
Chechen Republic A.A. Kadyrov
Alley of Sports Glory
Alley "Mothers
of Russia"
Concord Tower
Mother's Monument
Alanya Square
Presidential palace
Etymology
The name "Magas" of the new capital of Ingushetia is
given on the basis of scientific historical, archaeological and
linguistic data, as well as on the basis of geographical names of local
toponymy. According to them, this was the name of the capital of ancient
Alania - a medieval polyethnic state in the North Caucasus. So, in the
toponym “Magas”, the word “Ma” means “sun”, and in connection with the
syllable “ga” / “go” (“circle”, “disk”) - “maga” / “mago” means “circle
of the sun, disk of the sun. The letter "s" at the end of the word is an
Ingush topoformant, which arose from the word "sa" - "land, place".
Thus, the word "Magas" is etymologized as "the earth, the place of the
sun", and if this is the name of the city - "the city of the sun".
Geography
Magas is located 4 km southeast of Nazran, less than
500 meters from the border of Ingushetia with the Republic of North
Ossetia-Alania. The city is located on a gently sloping terrace and is
elevated above the channel of the Sunzha River, the absolute height is
from 540 to 600 m above sea level.
Magas is located in the MSK
(Moscow time) time zone. The offset of the applicable time from UTC is
+3:00. In accordance with the applied time and geographic longitude, the
average solar noon in Magas occurs at 12:01.
Ancient period
In the Middle Bronze Age, the "North Caucasian
cultural and historical community" was widespread on the territory
of modern Magas. A significant number of archaeological sites of
this culture have been studied in the city construction zone. Here,
in the area of the overpass, as well as under the barrow of the 5th
burial ground of Ekazhevo I and the barrow of the 1st burial ground
of Ekazhevo II, 26 burials of the Middle Bronze Age were discovered
and investigated. The materials studied at these sites characterize
almost all stages of the development of the North Caucasian cultural
and historical community, from the earliest stage of its formation
up to its final finale.
By May 1997, 13 burial mounds, 43
separate burials, and three partially disturbed settlements were
discovered in the Magas construction zone. In February 2001, near
one of the buildings of the Ingush State University, a soil burial
was discovered, presumably of the Sarmatian time - IV-III centuries.
BC e. Burial of a warrior with a horse and related grave goods.
The discovered mounds (catacombs) No. 1-4 of the Ekazhevo I
burial ground are monuments of the early Alanian time - III-IV
centuries. n. e. weapons, jewelry and household items were found.
And at the site of the discovery of two large settlements in the
area of the access road, the researchers investigated four burials
damaged during the construction, one of which contained a rich
burial of the end of the 5th century AD. of the Hunnic time, a rare
find for the North Caucasian region.
At present, there are
the following archeological monuments on the territory of the city
of Magas: e., the settlement of Magas-I, dated to the beginning of
the 1st millennium BC. e. and Magas-II - 1st millennium AD. e.
Newest time
The first stone (capsule) of the construction of
the modern city of Magas was laid by the first President of
Ingushetia Ruslan Aushev on February 23, 1994.
On April 15,
1994, the President of the Russian Federation B.N. Yeltsin signed
the Decree "On the construction of the capital of the Republic of
Ingushetia". This day is celebrated as the "Day of the City of
Magas".
On April 3, 1998, the People's Assembly - the
Parliament of the Republic of Ingushetia adopted a resolution "On
the name of the capital of the Republic of Ingushetia - the city of
Magas".
On October 31, 1998, the solemn opening of the first
object of Magas - the Presidential Palace, where the Administration
of the Head of the Republic of Ingushetia is located, took place.
Then, on the right and left sides, the buildings of the Government
of the Republic of Ingushetia and the People's Assembly - the
Parliament of the Republic were built.
On May 25, 2000, the
People's Assembly of the Republic of Ingushetia submitted to the
State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation a draft
Federal Law No. On December 26, 2000, the State Duma of the Federal
Assembly of the Russian Federation adopted this law.
On
September 11, 2000, R. S. Aushev formed the Administration of the
city of Magas.
On December 20, 2000, the Council of the
Federation of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, by its
Decree, approved the Federal Law No. 149-FZ “On assigning the name
Magas to the capital of the Republic of Ingushetia”. On December 26,
President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin signed it.
Thus, since the end of December 2000, Magas has been officially the
capital of the Republic of Ingushetia.
October 11, 2008
Decree of the President of the Republic of Ingushetia approved the
coat of arms of the city of Magas.
On January 14, 2010, on
the basis of the Coat of Arms of Magas, the Flag of Magas was
approved by the decision of the City Council.
On July 19,
2010, the Administration of the President of the Republic of
Ingushetia approved an updated Master Plan for the development of
the city of Magas. The priority in the development of the draft
master plan was the completion of the construction of the republican
administrative center. Following administrative buildings, buildings
intended for cultural, educational, health and other social
institutions, as well as multi-storey residential buildings, began
to be built.
In 2013, a 100-meter National-style Harmony
Tower was erected in the city center, in the form of a traditional
Ingush tower.