Provideniya is an urban-type settlement in the Chukotka Autonomous Region of Russia, the administrative center of the Providensky District.
The village is named after the bay, in turn named by the English captain Thomas Moore in 1848.
The village of Provideniya is located in the southeastern part of the Chukotka Peninsula, on the coast of Provideniya Bay of the Bering Sea. On the opposite side of the bay there are the settlement of Ureliki and the airport "Provideniya Bay".
After the discovery of the Bay of Providence
by the Russian expedition of Kurbat Ivanov in 1660, fishing and
wintering of whaling and merchant ships began here on a regular
basis. At the beginning of the 20th century, with the beginning of
the development of the Northern Sea Route, a coal warehouse was
organized on the coast of the bay to replenish the fuel supplies of
ships bound for the Arctic, and by 1934 the first buildings of the
future seaport appeared here, which became the city-forming for the
village of Provideniya.
In 1937, with the arrival of a
caravan of ships with building materials, the forces of the
Providenstroy enterprise began active construction of the port and
the village, and at the end of 1945, the Kamchatka Regional
Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks
(Bolsheviks) adopted a resolution to create "in the Chukotka region,
a working settlement of Providence on the basis of the settlement of
Glavsevmorput in the Bay of Providence" ...
On May 10, 1946,
the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR was
issued on the formation of the village of Provideniya, which is
considered the official date of the foundation of the settlement.
The village continued to get upset quickly, this was facilitated
by the redeployment of military units here. In 1947, the first
public building was built - a canteen.
In accordance with the
Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR dated
April 25, 1957, Provideniya became an urban-type settlement and the
center of the newly formed district of the same name as part of the
Chukotka National District of the Magadan Region.
In 1959,
the Leningrad design institute "Giproarktika" prepared a plan for
the development of the village, taking into account the features of
the terrain. The village stretches out in a narrow strip along the
northern coast of the bay, while the limited construction sites
forced the rebuilding of new houses up the slope of Portovaya
Mountain.
In 1962, a tannery was built, and two years later -
a marine animal processing plant.
In 1975, according to the
newly created general plan for the development of the village, by
2000 Provideniya was supposed to become a city with a population of
twelve thousand, while it was proposed to rename it Dezhnev.
However, the socio-economic upheavals in the post-Soviet period left
these plans unfulfilled. In the period from 1994 to 2002. in the
village there was no construction at all.
Providence urban
settlement
Until the end of the 1980s, about 6,000 people lived
in the village, but in the 1990s, due to the mass movement of
residents to the mainland, the administrative unification of two
villages - Ureliki and Provideniya took place.
In 1978, a monument to Vitus Bering was erected - a
ship's anchor. The information plate reads: “To Vitus Bering and his
companions in honor of the 250th anniversary of the First Kamchatka
expedition of 1725-1730. From the Far Eastern Higher Marine
Engineering School named after G. I. Nevelskoy, the Geographical
Society of the USSR and the crews of the yachts Rodina and Russia.
August 1978 ".
In 2010, on the 65th anniversary of Victory in
Providence, a memorial stone was erected near the administration
building with the inscription: "With gratitude from fellow
visionaries, war and labor veterans for victory in the Great
Patriotic War of 1941-1945."
In 2016, a memorial sign was
installed in honor of the 75th anniversary of the formation of the
Konigsberg Order of the Red Star of the 110th border detachment.
Text: “From 1941 to 2004, the headquarters of military unit 2254 of
the border troops of the Russian Federation was stationed at this
place. Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation. Border
Administration for the Eastern Arctic Region ”.
On October 13,
2016, a memorial plaque was installed on the building of the
Provideniya Bay airport by the Public Council for the Preservation
of the Historical Heritage of the Far East at VOOPIiK (Khabarovsk),
a memorial plaque to the participant in the rescue of the
Chelyuskinites, pilot Alexander Svetogorov. The text says:
“Here,
to Provideniya Bay, the main gathering point for winterers, in May
1934 he delivered 29 passengers and crew members of the sunken
steamer Chelyuskin from the village of Uelen”.
The motor ship "Kapitan Sotnikov" goes to Provideniya along the
transit route Anadyr-Lavrentiya.
Regular buses run on the
routes "Provideniya - Airport" and "Provideniya - Novoe Chaplino"
(on the only road (dirt) in Providensky district). Shift buses are
used on the Ural-4320 chassis.