Location: Crimean Peninsula
Simeiz (Симеиз) is a small town tucked on the shores of the
bay ofSimeiz is a resort village 5 km west of Alupka and 18 km from
Yalta. Mount Koshka, approaching the sea itself, and the radio telescope
of the Simeiz Observatory located behind it, are visible from afar. In
the village itself, you will see numerous and quite diverse, although
sometimes very neglected, villas from the beginning of the 20th century.
Going down to the sea, you can climb the Diva rock surrounded by water,
from which you can enjoy beautiful views of the coast.
Simeiz is
a small resort, which is considered one of the warmest places on the
southern coast of Crimea. The climate is dry and warm, daily temperature
fluctuations are insignificant. Winter is very mild. The air is
saturated with the aromas of juniper and pine. Local sanatoriums
specialize in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Ancient
Taurians settled on the site of present-day Simeiz, and later the
Byzantines and Genoese settled here, who built a small fortress. All
this has come down to us only in the form of ruins. The main reminder of
those times is the name itself - as everywhere in the South Coast, Greek
(from the word σημαια, "flag"). After the annexation of Crimea to the
Russian Empire, Simeiz remained a simple village for a long time: for
some reason, no one built palaces here. At the beginning of the 20th
century, the lands around the village were sold for summer cottages,
which began to grow here by leaps and bounds. For some 10 years
remaining before the revolution, they managed to build dozens of summer
cottages - mostly in the Art Nouveau or Oriental style, but with a
variety of southern variations. After the revolution, nationalized
dachas were distributed among boarding houses and sanatoriums. Some
mansions are well preserved, others are abandoned and falling into ruin.
You can see many people from the outside, it is almost impossible to get
inside the buildings, and it’s not a fact that it makes sense.
The geography of Simeiz is arranged as follows. The village itself is
quite compact and occupies only half a kilometer of the coastline from
the Simeiz sanatorium in the east to Mount Koshka in the west. The
mountain is the natural boundary of the village. Behind it are a wild
coast, a water park and, after about 2 km, the village of Katsiveli with
a hydrophysical institute and a radio telescope (the observatory itself
stands on Mount Koshka above the village). To the west of Katsiveli
there are a number of small villages, but you are unlikely to find
yourself there, unless you rest in one of the boarding houses.the Black Sea. It is located in the Crimean Peninsula
that was claimed by Russia in 2014.
1 Mountain Cat. Height 254 meters, the main natural attraction of
Simeiz. She is an outcast, separated from the Crimean mountains and
moving towards the sea. Most of all it looks like a cat from the east
side, and from the west it resembles a fortress. However, the name of
the mountain does not come from a cat at all, but from the Tatar
Kosh-Kai. The slopes are covered with thickets of fluffy oak, high
juniper, pistachio pistachio, evergreen small-fruited strawberry and
dotted with stone chaos, pointed rocks, sheer cliffs and karst
formations. The top with an observation deck is located 300 m south of
the South Coast Highway going straight through the mountain, nearby are
the remains of the Taurus settlement Limen-Isar of the 8th-1st
centuries. BC. with fragments of defensive walls and buildings. The cat
goes to the sea with a rock Swan Wing. In the northern part, behind the
highway, there are Taurus dolmens and the Simeiz observatory.
There
are two ways to get to Koshka: exit onto the South Coast Highway, walk
to a small parking lot at the place where the road crosses the mountain,
and follow the path up. Another way is from the cypress alley along
Sovetskaya Street towards the water park to the observation deck at the
end of the ascent. Between the steep walls you can see a narrow and
steep passage up the mountain.
2 The rock of Panea. A rock 80 m high
goes to the shore to the south of the Yunost sanatorium. Impressive
stone walls have been preserved on it - the remains of the Byzantine and
Genoese fortifications of the Panea Isar monastery (VIII-XV centuries).
You can go to the rock along the path from the Simeiz park.
3 Rock
Diva. A spur of the Crimean Mountains surrounded by the sea, one of the
hallmarks of Simeiz. The height of the rock is 51 meters. You can climb
it by a stone staircase (260 steps). At the same time, it should be
borne in mind that the railing is pretty dilapidated, so it’s not worth
the risk in a stormy wind. Once there was a second rock near Diva, known
as the Monk, but in the late 1920s it was destroyed by storms and an
earthquake exactly at the moment of the most intense struggle between
the state and religion. The path to the stairs to Diva leads from the
top of the Panea rock. Although Diva is very close to the city beach,
you can’t just go to it along the coast - there is water and stones.
4 Swan Wing Rock. The rock cuts off beautifully to the sea, this is a
favorite place for climbers. You can’t climb it on foot, but you can
admire approximately the same panorama from the observation deck on
Sovetskaya Street.
5 Taurus dolmens (north of the South Coast
Highway, next to the TV tower). Quadrangular structures made of massive
stone slabs and shaped like boxes. It is believed that these are the
tombs of ancient Tauris.
6 Simeiz observatory, Old Sevastopol
highway. The oldest observatory in Crimea has a rather funny history. It
arose as an amateur one, since the owner of the Simeiz lands, N.S.
Maltsov was interested in the starry sky. Later, he donated his small
observatory to the main observatory in the country, Pulkovo, and since
1908 scientific work has been launched here. The observatory was badly
damaged during the war. After the war, it was restored, but already in
the status of a branch of the larger Crimean Astrophysical Observatory
in the village of Nauchnoye, in the mountains between Simferopol and
Bakhchisarai. Now there are more telescopes and other interesting
things. One should also not confuse the Simeiz observatory standing on
the mountain with a huge radio telescope in the village of Katsiveli on
the coast.
7 Villa "Dream" , Sovetskaya st., 64A. The luxurious Moorish-style
mansion evokes strong associations with Central Asia - it was not
without reason that the villa was originally called "Mosque", and the
name "Dream" was probably given by consonance already in Soviet times.
Now the villa is waiting for restoration and still can not wait.
8 Villa "Xenia" , Sovetskaya st., 64B. Standing next to the "Dream"
"Xenia" was built in 1911 in a somewhat unusual northern modern style in
the south. It is lined with rough, uneven gray stone. The turrets and
overhanging roofs give it a fabulous look, but the broken windows look
very ominous, so the locals even called the villa “the haunted house”.
9 Pension N.K. Aleksandrova-Dolnik (Ligo Morskaya Hotel) Wikidata
element, st. Vladimir Lugovsky, 18. The largest and one of the most
beautiful buildings of pre-revolutionary Simeiz. Built in the
Neo-Renaissance style, two sequoiadendrons, about 100 years old, grow in
front of the southern facade.
10 Villa "Khayal", Sovetskaya st. 33.
Made in oriental style and decorated with beautiful stone carvings,
however, the linen hung in the windows by local residents strongly
interferes with aesthetic perception.
11 Yunost Sanatorium, 37
Sovetskaya Street. The departmental sanatorium consists entirely of
pre-revolutionary villas, including the Selami dacha crowned with
several eastern domes and Sviyagin's dacha, built in the eclectic style,
standing over the sea. Unfortunately, the sanatorium hides all this
beauty from strangers. Outside, you will see only a two-story dacha of
Bogdanov (“Big Bogdan”) in the Art Nouveau style.
12 "Juma-Jami"
Mosque, Sovetskaya st. (crossroads at the entrance to the village). It
is interesting as one of the few mosques in the South Coast, but from an
architectural point of view it is unremarkable. It was built in 1905,
closed in Soviet times and almost completely destroyed. Restored in the
late 1990s and looks like a remake.
13 Cypress Alley (Apollon Alley)
(between Villa Xenia and Yunost sanatorium). The wide cypress alley
looks more like an avenue, and indeed on the map it is called Simeizsky
avenue or Lenin avenue, although it is completely pedestrian. Statues of
Greek gods are installed along the alley, which is why it is popularly
known as the "alley of naked men", even though one of the four
sculptures is female. Simeizsky park begins to the south of the alley.
After passing through it, you will reach the stairs leading to the
beach.
The village of Katsiveli is an entire scientific town, where research
institutions dominate over resorts and summer cottages. So, however, it
was not always. In the 19th century, here, as elsewhere on the southern
coast, dachas were built: for example, in the Katsiveli area, the
landscape painter Arkhip Kuindzhi, who went into recluse and did not
exhibit his paintings, liked to spend the summer. At the same time, he
did not build a stationary house for himself, but came up with a special
structure made of wooden shields, which was dismantled for the winter.
The scientific life of Katsiveli began after the war, when a branch
of the Marine Hydrophysical Institute settled here. Later, the Crimean
Observatory installed a radio telescope in Katsiveli, and independently
of it, the Crimean Scientific Station also appeared - an observatory for
observing satellites and the Sun. In the sea near the village, you can
see a rusty rickety structure - this is an oceanographic platform,
which, according to rumors, is still in operation.
How to get
there: there is a direct minibus from Yalta (No. 107) to Katsiveli, but
it does not call in Simeiz, so it will be easiest to walk on foot (about
half an hour, but with ascents and descents), and the sea views are
conducive to this.
Storm pool. The notable turret on the
territory of the Hydrophysical Institute is part of an unusual object -
a cylindrical pool, in which fans create a powerful flow of water and
simulate storm conditions.
Radio telescope RT-22. The telescope was
launched in 1966. It is visible from everywhere and, most likely, you
will observe it from afar.
1 Aquapark "Blue Bay", pos. Blue Bay, st. Sovetskaya, 80 (behind the
mountain Koshka). ✉ ☎ +7 (3654) 23-35-17, +7 (3654) 24-03-33, +7 (978)
704-82-80. 10:00–18:00. Adult: 1000 rubles, children: 650 rubles (2014),
after 14:00 they give 100 rubles discount. It is considered one of the
best water parks in Crimea. Water - sea, which is updated every morning.
After 20:00 it works in disco mode.
beaches
The beaches in
Simeiz are small, with small sifted pebbles. The surf is not strong,
large waves do not reach the shore, breaking on the equipped beaches on
the breakwaters. Entrance to all beaches is free. Of greatest interest
are:
2 City beach. Pebble beach. At the peak of the holiday
season, it is crowded, many complain about the dirt.
3 Beach under
the rock Diva. There are changing rooms, showers and toilets. There is a
former pier, several small beach cafes, a night club "Fregat" (in the
afternoon - just a cafe). There is a diving center.
4 Coral Beach
(the beach of the Yunost sanatorium), to the west of Diva, not far from
the Parus rock (you can get in through the Yunost sanatorium pass for
free). A small beach that belonged to the Yunost sanatorium and was
inaccessible to the general public for a long time. In 2014, a
demonstrative cutting of the fence was carried out, and now the beach is
publicly accessible. With strong waves, it can be cut off from the
mainland.
5 Nudist beach (behind Mount Cat, between Diva Rock and
the first private boarding houses off the coast of the Blue Bay). It is
considered one of the largest in the Crimea. Popular with
representatives of the hippie movement, nudists and gay people. There
are no cafes or shops. Previously, it was customary to pitch tents here.
Now it is forbidden, for this they take a fine.
6 Wild beach "under
Lebedinka", under the rock "Swan's Wing". Wild beach on the rocks. You
can go down to the sea along the paths starting at a small parking lot
opposite the cliff.
In addition, there are several private
beaches of sanatoriums, where the entrance is only with sanatorium
books: for example, the beaches of the Simeiz and Moskva sanatoriums.
These beaches are not much different from urban ones, but there are much
fewer people on them.
Minibuses to Simeiz go from Yalta: No. 42 along the South Coast
Highway and No. 115 through Livadia, Alupka. No. 107 in Katsiveli
travels along the South Coast Highway, does not call in Simeiz. Direct
minibuses to Simferopol on average every hour.
Bus station, st.
Sovetskaya, 15. ☎ +7 (3654) 24-02-59. 08:00 - 20:00. There is a vending
machine for coffee and tea and a room that is used as a storage room.
E-tickets can be purchased on the carrier's website gosbus.ru.
The village is very compact, there is no public transport.
There are no bank branches and ATMs in the villages of Blue Bay and
Katsiveli, only in Simeiz.
1 Branch of the bank "RNKB", st.
Sovetskaya, 42. ☎ 8 800 100-90-85. Mon–Fri 10:00–17:00.
2 ATM
“Genbank”, st. Sovetskaya, 32 A.
3 Souvenir market.
1 Restaurant "Arzy", st. Soviet. Tatar and Ukrainian cuisine: manty,
samsa, yantyki, shurpa, lagman, pilaf, smoke, barbecue. Next to the
restaurant there is a teahouse overlooking the sea and a cheburek shop
with branded chebureks. Reviews are mostly positive, but there are also
a couple of negative ones.
2 Cafe Simeiz, st. Gorky, 2. ☎ +7 (3654)
24-01-68. 8:00 - 21:00. Works on the principle of a self-service
canteen. In addition, this is one of the largest cafes in the village,
which has been operating for over 25 years.
3 Cafe-bar "Jerzy".
Cheap alcohol. A two-story wooden building with a dance floor, light
music and an illuminated sculpture of hedgehogs. A cult place for gay
people, where they often have "parties".
✦ Fregat nightclub, beach under Diva rock.
Sanatoriums
1 Sanatorium "Simeiz", st. Sovetskaya, 3. ☎ 100 +7
(3654) 240 100. from 1 900 rub.
2 Sanatorium "Dawns of Russia"
(former "Dawns of Ukraine"), st. Paustovsky, 2. ☎ +7 (495) 788-91-28.
from 1850 rubles/person including 3 meals a day and basic treatment.
3 Sanatorium im. Semashko, st. Lugovskogo, 8. ☎ +7 (3654) 24-02-48, +7
(3654) 24-03-25.
4 Children's sanatorium named after A. A.
Bobrova , st. Lenina, 35. ☎ +7 (3654) 72-62-32, +7 (3654) 72-64-32.
5 Sanatorium "Red Mayak", st. Sovetskaya, 33. ☎ +7 (3654) 24-02-67.
Profile direction: anti-tuberculosis. 2, 3 and 4-bed rooms in a
two-story stone building. Facilities (showers, toilets, washbasins) - on
the floor.
6 Children's sanatorium "Moscow". ☎ +7 (3654) 240-101. It
is a year-round health resort, there is a school. Children with various
diseases are accepted.
Hotels
7 Hotel "Ligo Morskaya" , st.
Vladimir Lugovsky, 18. ☎ +7 (978) 733-78-88. Double room from 2000
rubles. Historical hotel on the seafront, 3 stars. An architectural
monument of the early 20th century, in the Neo-Renaissance style,
sequoias, Lebanese cedars, palm trees, Aleppo pines, yews and other
exotic trees grow on the territory.
8 Hotel Blue Bay of Crimea, st.
Sovetskaya, 78. ☎ +7 (978) 1004931. Double room from 3000 rubles in the
low season.
9 Rest house "Chaika", st. Lugovskogo, 1. There is a
swimming pool, some rooms have balconies. But poor soundproofing and
wobbly beds. edit
In the direction of Yalta, resort villages go one from another:
Alupka with the famous Vorontsov Palace and a luxurious park, Koreiz
with a much less famous, but also very beautiful Oriental-style Dyulber
Palace, Miskhor with a cable car to Mount Ai-Petri, Gaspra with a
symbolic the whole of Crimea is the castle of the Swallow's Nest, and
there it is not far from Yalta. There are fewer interesting places in
the western direction: either you overcome a steep climb near Foros in
order to see the Ascension Church and look at the sea from it, or you
immediately go to Sevastopol.
You can climb the mountains using
the already mentioned cable car or on foot. From the Simeiz observatory
there is a path to the so-called Vorontsovskaya trail - the western
route to Ai-Petri.
Manor New Kuchuk-Koy, pos. Park (10 km west of
Simeiz). Before the revolution, the estate belonged to the financier
Yakov Zhukovsky, who was also a great connoisseur of modern painting. If
the architecture of the Simeiz villas is a solid mainstream, then
something completely unusual was built in Kuchuk-Koy. To design and
decorate the estate, Zhukovsky invited symbolist artists from the Blue
Rose association. It turned out an unusually shaped house, from under
the terrace of which a staircase literally emerges, called, after the
name of the owner, Jacob's staircase. The walls are decorated with
majolica panels and mosaics, and sculptures by Alexander Matveev were
installed in the park. The sculptures were badly damaged during the war
and were later taken to the Russian Museum in St. Petersburg. The manor
house itself is in place, its decor is well preserved, but the entire
territory of the estate is now privately owned and is in a state of
reconstruction either for an elite boarding house, or for a summer
cottage.
The name of the village is of Greek origin (Greek σημαια - sign, conspicuous place, -εις - plural suffix in the dialect of the Crimean Greeks).
Located on the Black Sea coast, at the foot of Mount Koshka, the
height of the center of the village above sea level is 60 m.
Simeiz is a seaside climatic resort on the southern coast of Crimea,
located on the southern slope of the Crimean Mountains. The average
annual air temperature is +13.5 °C. The average annual rainfall is about
500 mm.
The average temperature in January - February is +4 ...
+6 °С, in August +26 °С. The number of sunny hours per year is 2300,
relative humidity is 70%. The swimming season lasts from May to October
(the average water temperature in summer is +22...+27 °С).
In prehistoric times, not far from Simeiz - in the Besh-Tekne basin,
on the northern slopes of the At-Bash mountain - there was a site of
ancient people. The first historically attested inhabitants of Simeiz
were the Taurians. In the vicinity of the village, they left behind
dolmens and a fortified settlement on Mount Koshka. At the foot of the
mountain is the largest Taurus burial ground in the Crimea, consisting
of 95 graves. A permanent settlement in the area of Simeiz dates back to
Hellenistic times. At the top of the Cat in the XIII-XV century there
was a feudal castle Limena-Kale. At the same time, the Byzantines, who
at that time belonged to the southern coast of Crimea, founded nearby a
fortified monastery, later a castle, Panea, at the foot of which there
was a settlement called Ai-Panda by historians. Perhaps it was in this
era that the settlement was named Sembos. After the power of Byzantium
weakened, Sembos, along with the entire southern coast, became part of
the Genoese Captaincy of Gothia. The Genoese turned the Byzantine castle
into a fortification, the ruins of which have partially survived to this
day.
After the conquest of the Genoese possessions by the
Ottomans in 1475, Sembos became a small village that was part of the
Mangup kadylyk of the Kefin sanjak. According to the census of the
Kefinsky sanjak of 1520, in the village of Sembos assigned to Inkirman,
there were 30 families, exclusively Christians. By 1542, Sembos was
reassigned to Baliklaga, but it remained a Christian village: 31
complete families, 1 who lost their male breadwinner, and 3 adult single
men. Since the 17th century, Islam began to spread on the southern coast
of Crimea. According to the tax records of 1634, the last 4 families of
Christians have recently left the village: 1 to Balaklava and 3 to
Kermenchik. A documentary mention of the village is found in the
"Ottoman register of land holdings of the Southern Crimea of the 1680s",
according to which in 1686 (1097 AH) Simeiz was a member of the Mangup
kadylyk of the Kefe eyalet. A total of 53 landowners are mentioned, all
Muslims, who owned 662.5 denyums of land. After the khanate gained
independence under the Kyuchuk-Kainarji peace treaty of 1774, by the
“imperious act” of Shahin-Girey of 1775, the village was included in the
Crimean Khanate as part of the Bakchi-Saray kaymakanship of the Mangup
kadylyk, which was also recorded in the Cameral Description of Crimea
... 1784.
After the annexation of Crimea to Russia (8) on April
19, 1783, (8) on February 19, 1784, by the nominal decree of Catherine
II to the Senate, the Tauride region was formed on the territory of the
former Crimean Khanate and the village was assigned to the Simferopol
district. Before the Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791, the Crimean
Tatars were evicted from the coastal villages to the interior of the
peninsula. At the end of 1787, all the inhabitants were withdrawn from
Simeiz - 161 souls. At the end of the war, on August 14, 1791, everyone
was allowed to return to their former place of residence. After the
Pavlovsk reforms, from 1796 to 1802, it was part of the Akmechetsky
district of the Novorossiysk province. According to the new
administrative division, after the creation of the Taurida province on
October 8 (20), 1802, Simeiz was included in the Mahuldur volost of the
Simferopol district. According to the Statement of all the villages in
the Simferopol district, consisting of showing in which volost how many
yards and souls ... dated October 9, 1805, in the village of Simeiz
there were 22 yards and 148 residents, exclusively Crimean Tatars. On
the military topographic map of Major General Mukhin of 1817, the
village of Simeis is marked with 21 yards. The estate "Simeiz" was
founded by the famous industrialist second-major Ivan Akimovich Maltsov
in 1828 and a few years later had an area of 567 acres of land. A
significant part of the estate was occupied by vineyards and orchards.
After the reform of the volost division of 1829, Simeiz, according to
the "State-owned volosts of the Tauride province of 1829", was
transferred to the Alushta volost, and, after the formation of the Yalta
district in 1838, the village was transferred to the Alushta volost. On
the map of 1836, there are 16 households in the village, and on the map
of 1842, Simeiz is marked with the symbol "small village", that is, less
than 5 households.
Following the results of the zemstvo reform of
Alexander II in the 1860s, the village was assigned to the Derekoi
volost. According to the "List of populated places of the Tauride
province according to the information of 1864", compiled according to
the results of the VIII revision of 1864, Semeiz is a state-owned Tatar
village with 38 households, 157 inhabitants and a mosque by the nameless
river. On the three-verst map of Schubert of 1865-1876, 48 households
are indicated in the village. In 1886, in the village of Saleiz,
according to the directory "Volosti and the most important villages of
European Russia", 319 people lived in 47 households, a mosque and a shop
operated. According to the "Memorial book of the Tauride province of
1889", according to the results of the X revision of 1887, in the
village of Simeiz there were 77 households and 349 inhabitants. On the
verst map of 1890, 79 households with a Tatar-Russian population are
indicated in the village.
After the zemstvo reform of the 1890s,
which took place in the Yalta district after 1892, the village remained
part of the transformed Derekoy volost. According to the "... Memorable
book of the Tauride province for 1892" in the village of Semeiz, which
constituted the Semeiz rural society, there were 358 residents in 70
households. According to the "... Memorable book of the Tauride province
for 1902" in the village of Simeiz, which constituted the Simeiz rural
society, there were 402 residents in 51 households. According to the
Statistical handbook of the Tauride province. Part II-I. Statistical
essay, issue eight Yalta district, 1915, in the village of Simeiz,
Derekoy volost, Yalta district, there were 101 households with a Tatar
population of 489 registered residents and 341 “outsiders”. In the
village of Novy Simeiz, there were 19 households with a population
without indicating nationalities and without assigned residents, but
with 735 “outsiders”.
One of the first who laid the foundation
for Simeiz as a place for dacha and resort recreation was the former
Minister of War of the Russian Empire D. A. Milyutin, who built an
estate there in 1874-1876 (a two-story house, 10 other buildings, a
vineyard and an orchard, a park) and lived 30 years after his
resignation in 1881, and industrialist S. I. Maltsov.
At the
beginning of the 20th century, on the initiative of the brothers Nikolai
Sergeevich and Ivan Sergeevich Maltsov, the resort village of Novy
Simeiz arose on the part of the territory of their estate, which they
sold for the construction of dachas and boarding houses. Soon the
village became one of the most prestigious and comfortable
bourgeois-aristocratic resorts of Crimea. During this period, a resort
park was laid out, a number of villas were built, the vast majority of
which have been preserved, in varying degrees of authenticity, to this
day (see mansions and estates of Simeiz). Most of the houses in the
village were built according to the designs of engineer Yakov Petrovich
Semyonov. In 1912, Emperor Nicholas II and his family visited Simeiz and
met with Ivan Sergeevich Maltsov.
After the establishment of
Soviet power in the Crimea, according to the decision of the Krymrevkom
of January 8, 1921[39], the volost system was abolished and the village
was subordinated to the Yalta district of the Yalta district. Beginning
in 1921, boarding houses and sanatoriums were created on the basis of
dachas and boarding houses nationalized by the Bolsheviks. In 1922, the
uyezds were given the name okrugs. According to the List of settlements
of the Crimean ASSR according to the All-Union census on December 17,
1926, in the village of Simeiz, the center of the Simeiz village council
of the Yalta region, there were 153 households, of which 112 were
peasants, the population was 622 people, of which 431 were Crimean
Tatars, 119 Russians, 31 Greeks, 25 Ukrainians, 7 Belarusians, 3 Jews, 1
German, 5 are recorded in the column "other", there were Russian, Tatar
and Greek schools of the first stage. Also in the village council was
the Simeiz Novy resort, with 174 households (9 peasants) and 591
inhabitants: 451 Russians, 40 Ukrainians, 31 Jews, 25 Tatars, 11 Poles,
10 Belarusians, 4 Latvians, 3 Germans, 3 Estonians, 1 Greek, 12 are
listed under "Other". In 1927, about 10 thousand people visited the
Simeiz resort. Almost all the sanatoriums of Simeiz specialized in the
treatment of consumption. In 1930, the Seaside Park was founded, and
starting from 1932, the resort became year-round. In 1929, a collective
farm was created in Simeiz. Kalinin, who specialized in viticulture and
tobacco growing, in 1935 there was a fishing artel at the collective
farm, the village was already electrified.
With the beginning of
the German occupation of Crimea in the autumn of 1941, many residents of
Simeiz went to the mountains and became members of the Yalta partisan
detachment. In the autumn of 1942, several landings were made by sailors
of the Black Sea Fleet. Many residents of the village died at the hands
of the invaders, who practiced reprisals against civilians in response
to partisan attacks. The Red Army liberated Simeiz on April 16, 1944. On
May 18 of the same year, the Crimean Tatars from the village, according
to the Decree of the State Defense Committee No. 5859 of May 11, 1944,
were deported to Central Asia: as of May 15, 1944, 126 Tatar families
were to be evicted: a total of 468 residents, of which 118 were men ,
women and children - 175 people each; On August 12, 1944, 101 houses of
special settlers were registered.
In the post-war years, active
restoration and development of the resort began. All the destruction of
the war years was completely eliminated by 1955. The main sanatoriums
and rest houses created in the post-war period: the sanatorium "Simeiz"
(formerly named after the XXII Congress of the CPSU), the children's
sanatorium "Moscow", the sanatorium named after. N. A. Semashko (now one
of its buildings is the hotel "Ligo Morskaya"), the children's
sanatorium "Pioneer", the sanatorium "Youth" (formerly named after
Lenin, and before that "Selyam"), the sanatorium "Red Lighthouse", the
sanatorium "Blue Bay"
Since the 1950s, the "wild" beach near
Simeiz has been chosen by nudist vacationers who came here from all over
the USSR. Since the early 1990s, the village has also become popular
with gay holidaymakers.