Srostki is a village in the Biysk region of the Altai Territory. Located on the right bank of the Katun, southeast of Biysk. The Chuisky tract passes through the village.
Museum-reserve of V. M. Shukshin
The Museum-Reserve of V. M.
Shukshin (All-Russian Memorial Museum-Reserve of V. M. Shukshin) is a
museum complex created in the homeland of Vasily Shukshin in the village
of Srostki, Biysk District, Altai Territory. The museum-reserve, located
on an area of 1.5 hectares, includes four buildings and eight
structures.
History of creation
The idea of creating the
Vasily Shukshin Museum arose immediately after his death. A month after
the death of the writer and film director, a stand about his life and
work was set up at the Srostka secondary school.
In 1976, a
school museum was opened at the school, which was named after V. M.
Shukshin. In the same year, the Shukshin Readings were held for the
first time, which grew into the “Shukshin Days in Altai” with a literary
festival in Piket.
On July 23, 1978, during the third Shukshin
readings, the grand opening of the memorial museum of V. M. Shukshin as
a branch of the Altai Museum of Local Lore took place. The exposition of
the museum is located in the house that Vasily Makarovich bought his
mother in 1965 for a fee for the novel "Lubaviny".
In 1989, the
building of the former Srostinsky school was transferred to the museum
to expand the exposition.
In 1992, the museum gained independence
and became the State Historical and Memorial Museum-Reserve of V. M.
Shukshin, on the basis of which, in accordance with the order of the
Government of the Russian Federation, the “All-Russian Memorial
Museum-Reserve of V. M. Shukshin” was created.
In 2002, the house
where V. M. Shukshin spent his childhood was museumified.
In the
year of the 80th anniversary of V. M. Shukshin, the museum received as a
gift an administrative building with a depository, a conference hall and
service premises, which became the first specialized museum depository
in the Altai Territory.
Objects of the museum-reserve
mother's
house
The house was built by a local craftsman in 1957-1958. and
bought by Vasily Shukshin mother in 1965. Maria Sergeevna lived in the
house until the end of 1972. At that time, a wooden summer porch with a
porch was attached to the house, and a summer kitchen and a bathhouse
were erected on the estate, which, like a residential building, were
classified as objects of cultural heritage of regional significance. The
original layout and appearance of a brick one-story house remained
unchanged. After Maria Shukshina-Kuksina moved to Biysk, the house was
sold in 1974, and in 1977 it was bought by the state to organize a
museum.
The school where V. M. Shukshin studied
The wooden
building of the school was built in 1928. In this school, V. M. Shukshin
graduated from 7 classes, and after returning from the army, he passed
the exams for a matriculation certificate externally, and in 1953-1954.
He worked as a teacher of the evening school, acting as the principal of
the school. The Hero of the Soviet Union Spekov A.V. studied here. The
former school is the main building of the museum.
The house where
V. M. Shukshin spent his childhood
The log house was built in 1908.
After the arrest in 1933 and execution by the NKVD of the owner of the
house, he was divided into two halves between his sons. In 1940, half of
the house was acquired by V. M. Shukshin's stepfather, who died at the
front in 1942, and here M. S. Kuksina lived with her children until
1957. Not only childhood, but also youthful years of Shukshin are
connected with this house. After the acquisition of the house as the
property of the museum in 2002, repair and restoration work was carried
out to recreate the appearance of the house when the Shukshin family
lived in it.
Mount Picket
On Mount Piket (the old name
Becket), Vasily Shukshin's favorite vacation spot, the final stage of
the large-scale All-Russian festival "Shukshin Days in Altai" takes
place annually, which was originally a literary reading dedicated to the
memory of the artist, which was first held in 1976. Writers, actors,
musicians take part in the event.
In 2004, on Piket Mountain, in
honor of the 75th anniversary of the birth of V. M. Shukshin, a bronze
monument was erected, made by the famous sculptor V. M. Klykov. The
height of the monument is 8 meters, and the weight together with the
pedestal is more than 20 tons. For the installation of the monument, in
addition to Mount Piket, a place was considered on one of the streets of
the village of Srostki, near the Chuisky tract. Taking into account the
status of Mount Piket as a natural monument and a specially protected
area, as well as possible technical difficulties with the installation
of a multi-ton monument on the mountain, the regional authorities first
chose a rural street. However, taking into account the wish of the
author of the monument, later the decision was changed in favor of Piket
Mountain.
On the mountain, in addition to the ancient settlement,
there are burial mounds and two burial grounds: one is Scythian, the
other is Turkic. The Hermitage keeps a real broadsword with gold
plaques, which was once found here.
Exposure
The collections
of the museum are formed on the basis of objects and documents of the
family of the writer's mother Maria Sergeevna Kuksina (Shukshina), the
collection of the school museum in the village of Srostki and the museum
of the Biysk Pedagogical Institute (now the Altai State Humanitarian and
Pedagogical University named after V. M. Shukshin).
The
expositions of the museum are located in three monument buildings
located in different parts of the village: the literary exposition “V.M.
Shukshin. Life and Creativity” in the building of a former rural school;
memorial exposition "Distant winter evenings" in the house where V.
Shukshin spent his childhood; memorial exposition "Mother's House" in
the estate of the mother of the writer, actor, film director.
In
2019, Vasily Shukshin's colleagues Irina Sergievskaya and Anatoly
Zabolotsky donated unique exhibits to the museum-reserve, including:
items used by the film director and writer, periodicals from his
personal archive, a poster for the film "Kalina Krasnaya" in Finnish,
copies newspaper Mosfilm "Soviet Film".
Family nest in the work
of V. M. Shukshin
The final frame of the film "Stoves and Benches"
was filmed on Mount Picket. The cinematographer of the film Anatoly
Zabolotsky tells about this in the book “Shukshin in the frame and
behind the scenes” and quotes the words of Vasily Shukshin, which I
heard from him more than once: “Oh, I love this place. For me, this is
the navel of the earth.
Monument to the victims of the Great Patriotic War
(authors A. Zvyagin and Efimov. Opened on November 7, 1967).
Monument to the repressed,
"Stone of Sorrow" (author - NN Faddeenkov Opened on July 19, 1997).
Monument to Vasily Shukshin on Mount Piket (author - sculptor
Vyacheslav Klykov. Opened July 25, 2004).
Founded in 1804. In 1924-1931 and 1944-1960 it was the center of the
Srostinsky district. During the consolidation of villages in the 1950s,
residents of the surrounding liquidated villages were resettled in
Srostki.
In April 1933, the OGPU arrested about 80 residents of
the village (according to another version - 116 residents), they were
transferred to Barnaul, then shot by a court verdict. Among them was the
father of the writer Vasily Shukshin Makar, who was 21 years old. In
1956, all convicted Srostin residents were posthumously rehabilitated.
The house from where Makar Leontyevich Shukshin was taken away
forever has not been preserved. In its place, another private house was
built in the 90s, and on June 26, 2016, a memorial plaque “Last Address”
by Makar Leontyevich Shukshin was installed on the facade of this house
with the consent of its owners. The application for the installation was
submitted by the Russian opposition politician, public figure Vladimir
Aleksandrovich Ryzhkov, who was born in the Altai Territory.
V. M. Shukshin, a Soviet writer, film director and actor, was born in
Srostki. Since 1976, the Shukshin Readings have been held in his honor -
an annual cultural festival on the writer's birthday, where the Shukshin
Prizes for the best literary works are presented, a folklore festival,
an exhibition of works by artists, dramatizations based on his works,
etc.
The venue for the events is Mount Piket, from the top of
which a panorama of the village and the foothills of Altai opens.
Born in the village: Hero of the Soviet Union Mikhail Marchuk, Full
Cavalier of the Order of Glory Alexei Fonyakin.
The Srostka site belongs to the Upper Paleolithic.
The medieval
Srostka culture was formed as a result of a mixture of the autochthonous
Samoyedic-Ugric and the newcomer Turkic-speaking, Kimak-Kipchak
population of the Altai steppes and the Upper Irtysh region.