Palazzo Priuli Stazio, Venice

Located in the Santa Croce sestiere of Venice, near the Church of San Giacomo dall’Orio, Palazzo Priuli Stazio is a notable example of Venetian architecture with a complex history spanning from the late Gothic period to its current Baroque form. Positioned between the narrow Calle del Megio to the east and the Rio del Megio to the west, this palace is a testament to the evolving fortunes of Venetian noble and merchant families, including the Surian, Prezzato, Stazio, and Priuli. Its U-shaped plan, six-story structure, and well-preserved facades make it a significant, though less tourist-centric, landmark in Venice’s dense urban fabric. The palace’s historical ownership, architectural transformations, and current use as residential and municipal spaces offer a rich narrative of Venetian heritage.

 

History

The Palazzo Priuli Stazio’s history begins in the 15th century, with its first documented appearance in Jacopo de’ Barbari’s famous 1500 map of Venice. Initially owned by the Surian family, who were admitted to the Venetian aristocracy in 1648, the palace was part of their holdings from the 15th century, when they migrated from Rimini. The Surian family included prominent figures such as physician Giacomo Surian, Grand Chancellor Andrea Surian, Bernardo Surian (Archbishop of Corfu in 1482), and Antonio Surian (Patriarch of Venice in 1504). Despite their influence, the aristocratic branch of the Surian family became extinct by 1679.

In 1534, the Surian family sold the palace to Marcantonio Prezzato, a wealthy merchant from Bergamo who had settled in Venice around 1537. Marcantonio’s son, Agostino Prezzato, commissioned a significant reconstruction in the 16th century, attributed to the renowned architect Jacopo Sansovino, which transformed the palace into its current form. This rebuilding likely introduced the Baroque elements that define the palace today, moving away from its original late Gothic structure.

In 1636, Agostino’s son, also named Marcantonio, sold the palace to Lorenzo and Bernardo Stazio, a family of wool merchants. The Stazio family joined the Venetian aristocracy in 1659, further elevating the palace’s status. The palace remained in their possession until 1701, when Elisabetta Stazio’s marriage to Michele Priuli-Renier, of the Priuli family “di Santa Sofia,” transferred ownership to the Priuli family, giving the palace its current name, Palazzo Priuli Stazio. The Priuli family, of Hungarian origins, were among Venice’s most illustrious, producing doges and diplomats, including Silvestro Priuli, a crusader who scaled the walls of Ascalon in 1098, and Francesco Priuli, an ambassador to Savoy and Spain in the early 17th century.

By the 19th century, the palace was inherited by two sisters, Elisabetta Labia Priuli and Orsola Priuli Maccarani, both residing in Rome. In 1859, the palace was deeded to the Comune of Venice, which repurposed it as quarters for the Municipal Guards. This civic use continued into the 20th century, with the palace undergoing a significant restoration in the 1980s to preserve its architectural integrity. Today, it serves as private residences and possibly municipal offices, with its interior decorations largely dispersed, though its exterior remains a well-conserved example of Venetian architecture.

 

Architectural Design

Palazzo Priuli Stazio is a striking structure, notable for its U-shaped plan and six-story height, which is unusual for Venetian palazzi due to the city’s spatial constraints and high land costs. The palace’s architecture reflects a blend of late Gothic and Baroque influences, with the 16th-century reconstruction by Jacopo Sansovino introducing the latter style to an originally Gothic framework.

 

Facade

The palace has two principal facades: one facing the Calle del Megio and the other overlooking the Rio del Megio, with additional facades addressing internal courtyards. The Rio del Megio facade is the more architecturally significant, showcasing the palace’s Baroque character:

Ground Floor: The ground floor features a water gate for canal access, essential for Venetian palazzi, framed in Istrian stone. The facade is clad in brick, with minimal ornamentation to withstand the canal’s humidity.
Upper Floors: The Rio del Megio facade is distinguished by two superimposed serliane (Venetian windows), a hallmark of Sansovino’s Renaissance-inspired Baroque style. Each serliana consists of a central arched window flanked by two rectangular openings, supported by columns and topped with a pediment or entablature. These windows, crafted in Istrian stone, create a rhythmic and elegant composition. Two balustrades, likely added during the 16th-century reconstruction, enhance the facade’s decorative appeal.
Architectural Elements: The use of Istrian stone is concentrated on the serliane, balustrades, and cornices, with the rest of the facade in brick, a practical choice for durability. The facade’s verticality is emphasized by the six-story structure, with each level featuring large windows to maximize light and ventilation.
The Calle del Megio facade, facing the narrow street, is similarly constructed with Istrian stone elements but is less ornate, reflecting its secondary role. It includes large windows opening onto the central portego (hall) of each floor, maintaining the palace’s airy and open feel. The two courtyard-facing facades are more austere, with Istrian stone limited to the cornices and no significant architectural features, possibly because they were once adjacent to other buildings that have since been demolished.

 

Interior

The interior of Palazzo Priuli Stazio follows the typical Venetian palazzo layout, with a large central portego on each floor, flanked by smaller rooms for residential or utilitarian purposes. The U-shaped plan creates an internal courtyard at the Calle del Megio entrance, a feature common in late Gothic Venetian palazzi, providing light and access to the upper floors via a grand staircase.

Historically, the interior was richly decorated, reflecting the wealth of its owners. In the 18th century, the ground floor featured a bust of a bearded man in the style of Alessandro Vittoria, likely a portrait of a Priuli family member. The piano nobile once housed four oil canvases depicting illustrious Priuli ancestors, including:

Silvestro Priuli, a crusader who scaled Ascalon’s walls in 1098.
Zilia Dandolo, wife of Doge Lorenzo Priuli and crowned Dogaressa in 1557.
Francesco Priuli, an ambassador to Savoy and Spain, defending Venice’s reputation in 1606.
These artworks, along with other decorations, have been dispersed, likely during the palace’s transition to municipal use in the 19th century. The 1980s restoration focused on structural preservation rather than interior restoration, and today, the palace’s interiors are divided into private apartments and possibly municipal offices, with little of the original decor remaining accessible or documented.

 

Courtyard and Plan

The U-shaped plan creates a forecourt at the Calle del Megio entrance, a practical and aesthetic feature that enhances the palace’s grandeur. The courtyard, likely paved with brick or stone, provides access to the main staircase and secondary rooms. The six-story structure, with each floor featuring a central portego and lateral rooms, maximizes space in a city where horizontal expansion was limited. The portego on each floor would have been the primary reception or living space, with large windows offering views of the calle and rio, while smaller rooms served as bedrooms, studies, or storage.

 

Construction and Materials

The palace was built using standard Venetian techniques, with wooden piles driven into the lagoon’s subsoil to support a brick structure faced with Istrian stone. The 16th-century reconstruction introduced Baroque elements, such as the serliane, crafted in stone for durability and aesthetic impact. The brick facades, particularly on the courtyard sides, reflect cost-conscious construction, while the Istrian stone accents on the main facades highlight the palace’s prestige. The six-story height required careful engineering to ensure stability, with the U-shaped plan distributing weight evenly across the foundations.

 

Cultural and Historical Significance

Palazzo Priuli Stazio’s significance lies in its architectural evolution, historical ownership, and reflection of Venetian social dynamics. The palace’s transition from the Surian to the Prezzato, Stazio, and Priuli families mirrors the fluidity of Venetian aristocracy, where wealth, marriage, and political alliances shaped property ownership. The Surian family’s early prominence, the Prezzato’s mercantile success, the Stazio’s wool trade, and the Priuli’s noble lineage—including their Hungarian origins and crusading heritage—illustrate the diverse influences that defined Venice’s elite.

The attribution of the 16th-century reconstruction to Jacopo Sansovino, a pivotal figure in Venetian Renaissance architecture, underscores the palace’s importance in the city’s architectural history. The Baroque serliane and balustrades mark a shift from the Gothic style prevalent in earlier palazzi, aligning the palace with the Renaissance ideals of symmetry and classical motifs. The palace’s use by the Comune of Venice since 1859 reflects the city’s adaptation of historic buildings for civic purposes, a common practice as noble families declined in the 19th century.

The dispersal of the palace’s interior decorations, including the Priuli family portraits, highlights the challenges of preserving Venice’s artistic heritage amid changing ownership and use. The 1980s restoration, documented by the Società Italiana per Condotte d’Acqua, ensured the palace’s structural survival, but its current role as private residences limits public engagement with its history.

 

Visitor Experience and Access

Palazzo Priuli Stazio is not open to the public, as it serves as private apartments and possibly municipal offices. Its exterior, however, can be admired from two vantage points:

Rio del Megio: The canal-side facade, with its superimposed serliane and balustrades, is best viewed by boat (gondola or water taxi) or from the opposite bank. The facade’s Baroque elegance stands out against the narrower, less ornate buildings along the rio.
Calle del Megio: The street facade, accessible on foot, offers a view of the U-shaped plan and courtyard entrance. The Istrian stone elements and six-story height are striking in the narrow calle, though the facade is less decorative than the canal side.
The palace is located approximately 1 kilometer from Santa Lucia railway station, a 10-minute walk or short vaporetto ride (Line 1, San Stae stop). Its position in Santa Croce, near the vibrant Campo San Giacomo dall’Orio, makes it an easy addition to a walking itinerary. Visitors should respect the private nature of the building and avoid trespassing.

Nearby attractions include:
San Giacomo dall’Orio (100 meters east): A Romanesque-Gothic church with a lively campo.
Ca’ Pesaro (400 meters northeast): A Baroque palazzo housing the International Gallery of Modern Art.
Rialto Bridge (600 meters southeast): Venice’s iconic bridge and market area.
Frari Basilica (500 meters south): A Gothic masterpiece with Titian’s Assumption of the Virgin.
Scuola Grande di San Rocco (600 meters south): A confraternity hall with Tintoretto’s masterpieces.
Santa Croce’s side streets offer bacari like Osteria da Filo, where visitors can enjoy cicheti and a spritz while exploring the district’s authentic atmosphere.

 

Reception and Modern Context

Palazzo Priuli Stazio is not a major tourist attraction, overshadowed by grander palazzi like Ca’ d’Oro or Ca’ Rezzonico. However, it is appreciated by architecture enthusiasts for its Baroque facades and historical significance. Sources like Wikipedia and venice.jc-r.net highlight its ownership history and Sansovino’s attributed reconstruction, while Wikimedia Commons provides images of the Rio del Megio facade, showcasing its serliane. The palace’s lack of public access and dispersed interior decorations limit its visibility, but its exterior preservation earns praise as a “well-conserved typical building of the 16th century.”

In the context of Venice’s challenges—acqua alta, overtourism, and preservation costs—the palace’s 1980s restoration and continued use as residences demonstrate successful adaptation. Its municipal role in the 19th century reflects Venice’s pragmatic approach to repurposing noble residences, though the loss of artworks underscores the difficulty of maintaining interiors. The palace’s quiet presence in Santa Croce, away from the tourist throngs of San Marco, offers a glimpse into Venice’s lived history.