/35386477266_f4416dff71_z.jpg)
Anapa is located in Krasnodar Krai Anapa is a resort town in the
southwest of the Krasnodar Territory of Russia, on the Black Sea
coast.
Anapa is located 1691 km from Moscow, 170 km from
Krasnodar, 360 km from Sochi. The Caucasus Mountains begin here
(there is a stele with an eagle on this occasion).
Anapa is a
very old city, originally founded as a settlement of the Sinds -
Sindskaya Harbor, or Sindika. With the accession to the Bosporus
state in the 6th century BC. it began to be called Gorgippia after
the name of its ruler Gorgipp. In the XIV century - there was a
Genoese colony of Mapa. And then in 1475, during a campaign against
Kafa, the city was captured by the Ottoman Empire, and a little
later, in 1781-1782, a Turkish fortress was built, which was
subsequently captured by the Russian Empire several times, and was
finally annexed to Russia in 1829.
The architecture of the
city is original and original. Despite a very small area, the city
of Anapa has a high density of development with a variety of
buildings, from cottages to multi-storey buildings. There are
twenty-story residential buildings in the new microdistricts.
Car traffic is quite dense, in the summer with regular traffic
jams.
The shallow waters in the Anapa region warm up well.
The average water temperature during the swimming season, which
lasts from May to September, is 22-25 °C.
By plane
Anapa International Airport (Vityazevo)
(IATA: AAQ (domestic ANA)), Vityazevo village (5 km from the Anapa
railway station, 4 km from the village of Vityazevo, 15 km from the
center of the city of Anapa). ✉ ☎ +7 (86133) 332-18, 8-800-333-19-91.
The joint-based airfield - in addition to civil aviation, is used by the
aviation of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. There are
several Rospechat shops, souvenir shops, a Krasnodar Tea shop, 3 bank
branches, luggage packing (05:00-22:00, 350 rubles), Carbooking car
rental agency in the terminal building. There is free Wi-Fi inside the
building, but with a session duration limit of 30 minutes, and in order
to connect to Wi-Fi, you need to receive a password via SMS.
On the
second floor of the terminal there are two restaurants: Bella Napoli
pizzeria (08.00 - 20.00, serving traditional Italian cuisine) and
Alexandria bar (08.00 - 22.00, a wide range of hot dishes, set meals,
cold appetizers, salads, drinks, tea , coffee).
Luggage storage
is open in winter from 08.00 to 20.00, in summer from 06.00. until
22.00, without a lunch break, the cost is 140-400 rubles per day.
How to get there:
Shuttle taxi No. 113 runs between the city and
the airport (in summer - every hour, in winter - to the plane from
Moscow)
Also, during the holiday season, the Airport-Anapa-Gelendzhik
bus runs.
The official taxi "CHIP" operates on the territory of the
airport. The cost of the trip to Vityazevo - 500 rubles, to Anapa - 800
rubles (2014).
By train
Long-distance trains to Krasnoyarsk,
Minsk, Moscow, Tomsk. In 2020, electrification came here, and now there
are local trains to Krasnodar and Rostov. Since 2020, UPPC diesel trains
have appeared to Kerch, and with an hour transfer to Feodosia.
Anapa railway station, pos. Upper Dzhemete, Simferopol Highway, highway
m-25 (6 km from Anapa). ☎ Inquiry +7 (86133) 531 86.
By car
For Muscovites: along the M4 "Don" highway, to the village of
Kislyakovskaya (Krasnodar Territory). Further along the road through the
villages of Kanevskaya, Leningradskaya to Slavyansk-on-Kuban and through
Temryuk to the M25 highway to Anapa.
In general, there are
several entrances to the city of Anapa. North - A-290 (M-25), then the
highway 03K-010 through the village of Gostagaevskaya, from A-290
through the village of Anapskaya, and from the south - through Supsekh.
By bus
Flights to Krasnodar (3-4.5 h), Novorossiysk (1 h),
Rostov-on-Don (9 h), Stavropol (12 h), Kislovodsk (13 h), Kerch (3.5-4
h), Yalta, Sevastopol.
Bus station, Krasnoarmeyskaya st., 11. ☎
Dispatcher: +7 (86133) 56897;
On the ship
Marine Station, st.
Lenina, 1. ☎ +7 (86133) 454 57.
Anapa's public transport consists of buses and
fixed-route taxis.
Taxi.
Taxi drivers work through an
operator. The fare in the city is very democratic, because. Anapa is
small in area (from north to south, incomplete 4 km)
Embankment of Anapa. The main place of accumulation of
restaurants, cafes and nightclubs of the city. On the embankment you can
see the composition "Scarlet Sails" and a monument to a vacationer.
Park of the 30th anniversary of the Victory. The park is the main place
of entertainment. There are many attractions here, a shifting house and
the famous Anapa white hat 5 .
Russian gates, Pushkin street
(entrance to the park of the 30th anniversary of the Victory).
1781-1783. The gate is the best preserved part of the Turkish fortress.
At the Park Hotel you can see the remains of a defensive moat. At the
gate there is a monument to Ataman Bezkrovny.
Flower clock.
Temple
of St. Onufry the Great, st. Cathedral, 7. One of the oldest temples in
the Kuban.
Upper embankment. On the embankment you can see the
lighthouse 1 and the crypt Geroon 12.
Council Square. Main square of
the city. It houses the city hall, a large musical fountain and a chapel
in the name of the prophet Axis.
Temple of Seraphim of Sarov, st.
Mayakovsky, 111V.
Avenue of Roses.
Walnut Grove Park.
Monument
to the founder of the resort Dr. Budzinsky.
Monument to Aibolit.
Building with a water tower, st. Kirova, 2. One of the first buildings
of the city
The first building of the health resort "Beregovaya".
1900 This is a preserved part of the country house of the famous Russian
archaeologist N. I. Veselovsky, who lived in the late XIX - early XX
century. The building houses his house-museum.
1 Dolphinarium Nemo, Pionersky Prospekt, 20 A.
Oceanarium "Ocean Park", Pionersky Prospekt, 20 A (in the Dolphinarium
building). ☎ + 7 (918) 25-01-777. 🕑 June–September 9:00–22:00,
October–May 9:00–18:00. Adult 350 rubles, children under 5 years old -
free of charge.
Aquapark "Golden Beach", st. Grebenskaya, 2A. ✉ ☎ 8
(861) 333-16-68. 🕑 10:00-22:00. 900 rub. (children), 1500 rubles.
(adult).
Water park "Tiki-tak", Pionersky prospect, 38.
Marine
Aquarium "Batiscaphe", st. Protapova, 1. ✉ ☎ 8 (918) 430-35-38. 🕑 10:00
to 21:00 (summer).
2 Safari park "Balu".
Water ski park "Sea of
Pleasure" (rope wakeboarding).
3 City Theatre, st. Crimean, 119.
4 Drink mineral water in the city pump room.
Boat trip.
5 "Vysoky
Bereg" beach. pebble beach
6 Upside down house , Gorky, 1G.
Museums
7 Local Lore Museum.
8 ☆Gorgippia Archaeological Museum ,
st. Embankment, 4 (In the city center, a few steps from the embankment).
✉ ☎ +7 (86133) 431 54. 🕑 9:00 - 20:00.
Cinemas
9 Cinema
Pobeda.
Film festival of the CIS and Baltic countries
"Kinoshock". Usually held in September.
Windsurfing and kitesurfing
festival, traditionally held at the end of September.
Children's song
and dance festival "Blue-eyed Anapa".
SEC Red Square".
Hypermarket "Magnet", a cinema, a household
appliances store "M.Video", a KFC eatery and a bunch of small traders
with all sorts of nonsense.
As in any resort town, Anapa has a huge number of canteens, cafes and
restaurants for every taste and budget. Out of season, many of them may
be closed.
Cheap
1 Shpinat, st. Astrakhanskaya, 21 (at the
crossroads with Novorossiyskaya street). ☎ +7 (918) 054-11-91. 🕑
08:00-22:00.
Average cost
2 Irina, st. Grebenskaya, 1.
3 Brookwin , st. Lenina, 10. The institution positions itself as a
gastrobar. Large selection of quality wines from the farms of the Taman
Peninsula and surrounding areas. The choice of food is small, but
includes local specialties. Prices are higher than the city average.
Expensive
4 Coliseum, Pionersky Ave.
Club "Maby".
Guest house, Gorky 11. ✉ ☎ 8 918 310 10 72. 350. The guest house is located in the very center of Anapa and welcomes tourists all year round, comfortable rooms of different sizes and prices are offered for living. It offers parking and a shared kitchen.
Cellular operators: MTS, Beeline, Megafon, Tele2, Skylink. Within the city, 3G networks are available almost everywhere.
Anapa is located in the southwestern part of the
Krasnodar Territory of Russia on the shores of the Black Sea. Anapa
is located 1.5 thousand km from Moscow, 190 km from Krasnodar, 360
km from Sochi at the junction of the Greater Caucasus and the Taman
Peninsula.
Here the wooded Caucasian foothills give way to
flowering valleys, and the Taman plains are interspersed with sea
estuaries. The summer heat is softened by the cool wind from the
sea.
The sandy beach (see Anapskaya spillway) borders the sea
in a smooth arc, forming a comfortable and beautiful bay. The
shallow water in the Anapa area warms up well. The average water
temperature during the swimming season, which lasts from late May to
late September (early October), is 21-25 ° C.
The climate of the city is Mediterranean. The Caucasus Mountains in
the Anapa region are small and represent low, forested hills up to
200 meters high. Due to the low nature of the mountains, the rise of
air masses and moisture condensation does not occur here, which is
the reason for the dry and hot summers typical for the Mediterranean
climate. In winter, cyclones from the Black Sea, the Mediterranean
Sea or the Atlantic Ocean dominate, causing cloudy weather with
prolonged heavy rainfall. Sometimes cold anticyclones invade from
the north and northeast, which bring short-term frosts. The average
annual precipitation in Anapa is 450 mm.
Very rarely, about
once every ten years, severe frosts occur in Anapa. For example, on
January 23, 2006, the temperature in the city dropped to −23.9 ° C.
In ancient times (several centuries BC) on the
site of Anapa there was a Sindi settlement - the ancient city of
Sindskaya harbor, or Sindika. With the accession to the Bosporus
state (from the IV century BC to the III century AD), Gorgippia was
named after its ruler Gorgippus.
In the XIV century - the Genoese
colony of Mapa. The Genoese built a strong fortification here,
marked on the maps of Visconti in 1318, Catalan and others under the
name Mapa.
In 1395, when Tamerlane undertook a campaign against
Tokhtamysh, he also destroyed the suburb of the Anap fortress, but
the Kevergan fortress itself (diamond ore) was spared.
In 1475,
during the reign of Sultan Muhammad II (Ottoman Empire), during a
campaign against Kafa, Keduk Ahmed Pasha, who commanded this
expedition, took the Anapa castle along the way and left a Turkish
garrison in it.
In 1641, the Turkish writer Evliya Chelebi
visited Anapa on his way from Gonia in the retinue of the Goni
Zemberekdzhi-Bashi (chief of artillery), who was entrusted with
participating in the siege of Azov, then occupied by the Don
Cossacks. Evliya stayed in Anapa for several days and briefly
described her.
The castle lies at the tip of the cape, on a clay
rock; it is strong, but does not have a garrison and has been
repeatedly plundered by the Don Cossacks. Anapa Castle is well built
and is so well preserved, as if its construction had just been
completed. Further Evliya says that according to the description of
Temir-oglu Osman Pasha, Anapa is the residence of the governor of
the Taman Sanjak in the Kafa province. The inhabitants, called
Shefaki, pay tithing only when forced to do so, and are generally
very prone to rebellion; their number does not exceed 300 souls. The
castle has a large harbor in which 1000 ships, tied together by a
rope, can stand safely. This harbor is protected against winds
blowing from any direction. There is no such port on the Black Sea
anymore; once a kind of pearl was gathered here, and the shells now
still lie on the shore - the second reason why the castle was named
Kevergan (diamond ore). Russians annually pester here and collect
pearl shells. "If this castle," adds Evliya in conclusion, "were
brought into good condition and provided with a sufficient garrison,
it would not be difficult to keep all the Circassians in perfect
obedience."
The historian F.K.Brun, commenting on the news of
Evliya, says that the inhabitants of Anapa during the capture of the
city by the Turks in 1475 were Christians, since Haja-Khalfa, a
Turkish writer of the first half of the 17th century, testified that
even in his time the Shegaks belonged to Christian Circassians.
The famous orientalist Y. Klaprot made a trip to the Caucasus in
1807-1808 on behalf of Count Potocki for historical, archaeological
and ethnographic research. He reported the following information
about Anapa: a small Circassian tribe Shegake lived on the Bugur
River near Anapa, their name means "seaside inhabitants"; they had a
prince Mamet-Girey-Zhan (Mohammed-Girey Zan) and previously lived in
the place where Anapa was built. Then they greatly decreased in
number from the raids of the Abkhaz and from the plague. When the
Russians occupied Crimea and Taman, the Turks rebuilt the Anapa
fortress in 1782 in order to protect the fleeing population and the
Nogais who roamed around the Kuban.
According to the testimony of the Italian Ekluz, who was on the
ship in the Anapa harbor in May 1823, his servants often met Russian
slaves on the streets of the city, who expressed a strong desire to
use their ship to regain their freedom, but the supervision of the
Turks did not allow them to bow to their prayers. For the Turkish
aristocracy, Anapa was of exceptional interest, thanks to the
well-established and lively slave trade.
The fortress was
built in 1781-1782. During the Russian-Turkish wars, it was captured
by Russian troops several times:
June 22, 1791 by the troops of
the Caucasian corps of General-in-Chief Gudovich and the Tauride
corps of Major General Shits (Storming Anapa in the war of
1787-1792)
On April 29, 1807, the squadron of Rear Admiral
Pustoshkin (during the war of 1806-1812)
On July 15, 1809, a
landing from Perkhurov's squadron (in the same war, 1806-1812)
On
June 12, 1828, the landing detachment of Prince Menshikov (during
the war of 1828-1829)
It was finally annexed to Russia under the
Adrianople Peace Treaty of 1829. It was part of the Black Sea
coastline. By decree of Tsar Nicholas I of December 15, 1846, the
Anapa fortress received the status of a city.
In May 1854, during
the Crimean War, Anapa was “abolished” (destroyed by its own
defenders) in order to avoid capture by an enemy landing force from
the already captured Kerch. The territory was occupied until the end
of the war by the troops of the Ottoman Empire, who approached the
Black Sea coast from the south.
Resort since 1866. By the end of
the 19th century, the sanatorium of Dr. V. A. Budzinsky received its
first guests, and by the beginning of the 20th century, the city was
already a well-known rapidly developing resort and port. Resort
construction in Anapa continued in the 1920s and 30s. In the early
1940s, Anapa had 14 sanatoriums and more than 10 pioneer camps.
During the Great Patriotic War, the resort was completely destroyed
and finally rebuilt in the 1950s.
In 1979, one kilometer from the
city border of Anapa, the railway station of the same name was
opened.
On March 12, 1994, the municipalities of Anapa district
and the city of Anapa were merged into the resort of Anapa. 1996:
the municipality is renamed into the resort city of Anapa.
On
April 1, 2006, as a result of the reform of local self-government,
the municipal formation “resort town of Anapa” was formed with the
status of an urban district.
By the Decree of the President of
the Russian Federation dated May 5, 2011 No. 586, the city was
awarded the honorary title "City of Military Glory".
City Day is
celebrated on the third Sunday in September.
There are several options for translating the word "Anapa". This is
due to the presence of phrases similar in sound among the peoples
who lived on the site of the modern city. Of these, the most
recognized are:
Cherk. "Anne-pe" - "The edge of the rounded
table". It is believed that the Anapa bay could remind the local
Circassian tribes (Natukhais and Shegaks) of the outlines of the
Adyghe national table "Anne", which was distinguished by the absence
of corners and an exceptionally round shape of the table top.
Dr.-Greek. "Ana-pa" - "High Cape". In the ancient Greek
"Argonautics" Apollonius of Rhodes, mentioning the word "Anapa" for
the first time, interprets it precisely as "a high cape". Most
likely, the area received this name due to the high and steep bank,
along which the street. Old Embankment.
In the Abkhaz language
"A-napy" - "hand", "palm" - the border in the Middle Ages of
Abkhazia and Circassia passed through the Anapa cape. According to
Academician Marr, the mouth of the Bgur (Anapka) River used to look
like a “palm”, in the Abkhazian interpretation “a hand” - the
extreme fortpost of the Abkhazian kingdom - “my hand is still
stretching out”.
V. A. Potto in the 1st volume of the "Caucasian
War" in the chapter "Bibikov's disastrous campaign against Anapa"
has another version: "The very word" anapa "comes from two Tatar
words:" ana "- mother and" pai " - part, share. In the first time of
the existence of the fortress, it was not called otherwise, as
Anapai - "mother's part", or "mother's share" ("bosom"). The origin
of this name is usually explained by the fact that the Turks, trying
to alleviate the fate of their fellow believers, expelled from the
Crimea, assigned them a place in the Kuban under the protection of
this fortress; at one time the Tatars highly appreciated such
patronage and expressed their gratitude in the very name of Anapa,
which, like a caring mother, sheltered the unfortunate exiles. "