Dankov, Russia

Данков

Description

Dankov - a city (since 1957) in Russia, the administrative center of the Dankovsky district of the Lipetsk region. It forms the city of the same name with the city of Dankov with the status of an urban settlement as the only settlement in its composition.

 

Travel Destinations

Dankov is a quaint town in Lipetsk Oblast, Central Russia, situated on the banks of the Don River, approximately 86 kilometers northwest of Lipetsk. With a population of around 18,000, it serves as the administrative center of Dankovsky District. Founded in the 16th century as a fortress to defend against Tatar invasions, Dankov evolved from a military outpost into a trade and industrial hub during the imperial era, known for its grain markets, merchant mansions, and later Soviet-era developments like factories and memorials. Its history includes destructions in the 17th century, revolutionary activities in the early 20th century, and a key role in WWII defenses. Today, the town's sights blend historical architecture, religious landmarks, cultural institutions, and natural spots, making it a hidden gem for those interested in Russian provincial heritage. While not a major tourist destination, its attractions offer insights into local folklore, artistry, and wartime valor, often set against the scenic Don River valley.

 

Religious and Architectural Landmarks

Tikhvin Cathedral (Sobor Tikhvinskoy Ikony Bozhiey Materi)
The centerpiece of Dankov's skyline, this grand six-altar church was constructed in 1872 in the Russo-Byzantine style, characterized by its white semi-columns, ornate friezes, figured columns, and striking blue domes adorned with golden stars. The structure features a prominent porch with intricate columns, a large light drum under the main dome, and smaller drums with cupolas, creating a harmonious and majestic silhouette. Historically, the cathedral's origins tie to a local legend: in 1817, after devastating fires allegedly started by a Polish soldier, a miraculous Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of God was discovered, prompting the church's dedication. It functioned as a spiritual hub until the 1920s, when it was repurposed as a club and warehouse during Soviet anti-religious campaigns. Restoration began in 1994, reviving its role in community worship. Visitors are drawn to its serene interior for services, prayer, and reflection, as well as its exterior for photography against the Don River backdrop. It's a symbol of faith's endurance amid historical turmoil and a must-see for architecture enthusiasts exploring Central Russia's ecclesiastical heritage.

Church of John the Theologian (Tserkov Ioanna Bogoslova)
This stone church, replacing an earlier wooden structure from 1628, stands as one of Dankov's oldest surviving religious sites. Built in a simple yet elegant style with a bell tower, it unified two parishes in the 19th century and hosted an anti-alcohol society in the early 20th century—a progressive initiative for its time. Closed in 1933 and used as a warehouse and store during Soviet rule, it was restored and reopened in 1995. Unique rumors of unexplained phenomena add a layer of intrigue, though it's primarily valued for its historical continuity. Reasons to visit include attending services, exploring its modest interiors, and contemplating its role in community life through centuries of change. Located on Ulitsa 8 Marta, 1, it's a peaceful spot for those interested in Orthodox history and local folklore.

Church of George the Victorious (Khram Georgiya Pobedonostsa)
Erected in 1792 in an eclectic style to commemorate a burned-down predecessor from 1781, this church features a cubic altar section, an octagonal drum, a green dome, a portico with columns, kokoshniki (decorative arches), and a three-tier bell tower. It was closed in the 1930s but reopened in 1946, surviving as a beacon of faith. The frequent windows with ornate frames and golden cupola highlight its architectural charm. Situated in the Kazaki microdistrict, it's ideal for visitors seeking active worship sites or examples of 18th-century Russian church design, offering a sense of tranquility and historical depth.

Church of the Nativity of Christ (Tserkov Rozhdestva Khristova)
This red-brick edifice, built at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries in eclectic and Russo-Byzantine styles, includes a tented bell tower, high porch, ornamental frieze, and ribbed tent roof. Features like keel-shaped zakomary (gables) and round kokoshniki add to its visual appeal. Closed in 1934 and used as a warehouse, it was returned to the church in 2005. In the Storozhevaya Sloboda area, it's a compelling visit for its restored interiors, services, and representation of pre-revolutionary ecclesiastical architecture in a provincial setting.

 

Cultural and Educational Attractions

Dankov Local Lore Museum (Dankovsky Kraevedchesky Muzey)
Housed in the 1760 Dmitriya Solunskogo Church—a pseudo-Russian architectural monument—this museum was established in 1961 based on Don River archaeological finds by local enthusiasts. Exhibits span archaeology, Dankov's history, the Revolution, WWII, and a gallery with over 1,000 Russian artworks in the "Malaya Tretyakovka" (Small Tretyakov Gallery), curated by artist A.I. Plotnov. Highlights include a Donkov fortress model and temporary exhibits in the "Art Living Room" for literary meetings. As the region's only major art repository, it's essential for understanding local culture, with reasons to visit including educational tours and immersion in Russia's artistic legacy. Address: Ulitsa Karla Marksa, 3.

Planetarium
The only planetarium in Lipetsk Oblast, opened in 1975 by enthusiast I.F. Shevlyakov in a basement setting with cosmic-themed stained glass. It offers astronomy lectures, star and planet projections using vintage Soviet equipment that's been periodically updated. Programs cater to schoolchildren and adults, fostering wonder about the universe. Located at Ulitsa Volodarskogo, 44, it's a unique educational draw for families, providing interactive sessions and emotional uplift through celestial exploration.

District House of Culture (Rayonny Dom Kultury)
Built in 1959 in classical style with a portico, frieze, columns, and statues, this center includes theater and dance studios, a library, reading room, children's game area, and auditorium. It has nurtured generations of talents through performances and events. The vibrant decor and community programs make it a hub for cultural leisure, concerts, and family activities. Address: Ulitsa Lenina, 18.

Cultural-Leisure Center "Don" (Kulturno-Dosugovy Tsentr "Don")
Originally a 1966 cinema, this center features a auditorium with 3D and surround sound, plus a lounge vestibule. It hosts creative groups, celebrations, and film screenings. As a modern venue for entertainment, it's perfect for movie nights or local events. Address: Ulitsa Uritskogo, 1.

 

Merchant Houses and Historical Buildings

Dankov's 19th-century merchant heritage is evident in several preserved mansions, showcasing eclectic and classical styles:

House of Merchant Stepan Bardin: Late 19th-century two-story mansion with gates, outbuildings, semi-columns, and arched pediments, painted burgundy. Linked to a merchant executed in 1918; features a memorial at the execution site. Ideal for appreciating kupets (merchant) architecture. Address: Ulitsa Karla Marksa, 16.
Vinogradova's Women's Gymnasium: Palace-like building with rounded volumes, galleries, columns, and stucco patterns from late 19th century. Originally a merchant's home, it became a gymnasium in 1909, then a school and medical college. Under restoration as cultural heritage. Address: Ulitsa Karla Marksa, 24.
Balzaminov Restaurant Building: Mid-19th-century hybrid with stone ground floor and wooden upper level featuring carvings, casings, and cornice. Restored in 2016 as a restaurant evoking 19th-century ambiance. Great for dining with historical flair. Address: Ulitsa Karla Marksa, 28.
House of Merchant Popov: With forged balcony, loggia on supports, and eclectic elements; in need of repair but architecturally intriguing. Address: Ulitsa Uritskogo, 7.
House of Merchant Lebedev: Two-story with helmet-shaped dome over central part, light blue; built mid-19th century for a baker with a mill. Unique dome adds distinction. Address: Ulitsa Uritskogo, 36.

These houses reflect Dankov's prosperous trade era, offering walking tours for history buffs.

 

Parks, Monuments, and Memorials

Victory Park (Park Pobedy)
This landscaped park honors WWII victory with an Empire-style arcade entrance, pathways, flower beds, "Pobeda" grass sculptures, a sports playground, Alley of Glory with Hero busts, steles listing fallen soldiers, and a central monument of soldiers with a red flag. It serves as an eco-friendly relaxation spot for festivals, strolls, and patriotic gatherings, blending nature with remembrance. Address: Ulitsa Lenina, 15.

Pioneers-Heroes Park (Park Pionerov-Geroyev)
Dedicated to young partisans and revolutionaries, this park features a red granite wall with slogans and bas-reliefs, busts of 13 pioneer-heroes, and birch/linden groves. It commemorates schoolchildren who fought for Soviet power during the Revolution and WWII. Cultural and patriotic events are held here, making it suitable for reflective walks and education. Address: Pereulok Krasnova / Ulitsa Lenina.

Monument to Unreturned Soldiers (Pamyatnik "Nevernuvshimsya Soldatam")
A poignant bronze sculpture of a soldier in a telnyashka (striped shirt) on rocks, with a memorial plaque of names and poetry. Dedicated to those lost in local conflicts, it's emotionally charged and located near Tikhvin Cathedral for quiet tribute.

Pontoners Monument (Pamyatnik "Pontonyoram")
Featuring a boat sculpture depicting the battalion's path, this memorial honors the 131st Motorized Pontoon Battalion from 1942-1943. Set on the Don River bank, it was unveiled with veterans present, offering insights into WWII engineering feats.

V.I. Ermakov Monument
A 2017 bust in Lipovy Skver honoring the 19th-century mayor who advanced infrastructure, founded a bank and school, and contributed to journalism and local studies. The skver (square) was community-funded on a former dump site. Read Ermakov's book for deeper context.

Memorial of Glory (Memorial Slavy)
A complex with an eternal flame, wall listing 771 WWII fallen, and other elements commemorating sacrifices. It's a solemn site for remembrance ceremonies.

 

Natural and Recreational Spots

Syr-Borev Maslovka Farm
Ranked as Dankov's top attraction, this cheese farm ("syr" means cheese) offers tours of production processes, tastings of local dairy products, and insights into rural life. Set in picturesque countryside near the Don River, it combines agriculture with eco-tourism, including scenic views and possibly animal interactions. It's family-friendly and provides a break from urban sights, highlighting the region's farming traditions.

Physical Culture and Health Center (Fizkulturno-Ozdorovitelny Tsentr)
A modern sports complex with a gym, pool, sports halls, and outdoor stadium in the Khimzavod settlement. Adjacent to park areas, it's equipped for workouts with trainers, promoting health and activity amid Dankov's natural surroundings.

 

How to get here

By train
To the railway station Dankov.

By bus
Routes to Moscow from Mira St. and the bus station several times a day, from Moscow from the square near Paveletsky station and Metro station blue.png metro station Schelkovskaya.
Stopping point Dankov, st. Mira, d. 75, Bldg. 2. ☎ +74746561765. Intercity routes to Moscow, Lipetsk, Chaplygin, Lebedyan depart from the stopping point.

 

Transport around the city

There are several bus routes in the city, most of which take about one hour. It is more convenient to move around the city by taxi, the fare is 60 rubles within the city.

 

Hotels

1 Balizik Dankov mini-hotel, st. Gorky, 2. ☎ +7 (980) 353-26-20.
2 Hotel "Lights", st. Mira, 11/1. ☎ +7 (909) 221-44-43.
3  Hotel "Dankov" (at the bathhouse)  , st. Ostrovsky, 2. ☎ +7 (960) 113-76-91.
4  Voyage Hotel, st. Michurina, 2a. ☎ +7 (920) 512-98-80. They also offer daily rentals.
5  Hotel "Silan", st. Zaitseva, 31. ☎ +7 (47465) 6-36-60.

 

Eat

Cafe "Bashnya", st. Michurina, 5a. 11:00–22:00.
Restaurant "Balzaminov", st. Karla Marksa, 28. Mon 12:00–16:00, Tue–Sun 12:00–24:00.
Restaurant "Christy", st. Vermisheva, 8 (corner of Karl Marx street). According to visitors, this is "anything but not a restaurant."
The cafe at the Ogni Hotel has the most decent view.

 

History

Old Donkov
The name of the city comes from the ancient city of Donkov, which was part of the Ryazan principality, which was burned by the Mongol-Tatars. Now the village of Streshnevo, Dankovsky district, is located on that place.

Old Dankov was a fortress that carried out defensive service to protect the borders of the first Ryazan principality, and then the borders of the Moscow state from the Crimean and Nogai Tatars. Next to the fortress was the first pier on the Don, from where merchants sent their carts to Azov, Kafa, Constantinople.

In 1521, the city was completely destroyed and burned by the hordes of the Crimean Khan Makhmet Giray.

New Dankov
According to written sources, the modern settlement existed in 1568, when Prince Vladimir Konstantinovich Kurlyatev and the boyar son Grigory Stepanovich Sidorov were sent to Dankov to "establish cities".

The city, surrounded by wooden walls, with its advantageous strategic position, more than once became an insurmountable obstacle in the way of foreign hordes. The servants who guarded the fortress - archers, Cossacks, gunners - settled near the fortress, and in their free time they were engaged in agriculture.

The border service in the fortress was conducted steadfastly and regularly. And yet the city was repeatedly burned by the Tatars. At the end of the 17th century, Tatar raids ceased. The defensive value of Dankov is falling. Losing the appearance of a city - a fortress, it turns into a city of artisans and merchants.

Imperial period
For fifty years the city of Dankov was listed in the Voronezh province, since 1778 Dankov has been a county town.

In 1804 it received the status of a county town; Dankovsky district was formed as part of the Ryazan province.

There were no longer any military fortifications. In the pre-revolutionary period, the city was famous for its fairs, where they traded horses, cattle, agricultural products, handicrafts and factory production.

In the 19th century, Dankov was a fairly large bread trading center. Its economic importance is growing, which is facilitated by the construction of a railway to the city and the construction of an elevator in 1890. Stone two-story houses of wealthy merchants appeared. In 1909, a private women's gymnasium was opened, and in 1912, a state-owned men's gymnasium. The city also had hospitals, male and female elementary schools, a religious school, a library, a noble-merchant club and a small cinema.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Dankov was one of the centers of revolutionary propaganda. From here agitators went to villages and villages, revolutionary leaflets were sent out.

1905 - 1907 were marked by mass peasant uprisings, unrest on the territory of the county.

In the spring of 1915, during the First World War, the 470th Dankovsky Infantry Regiment was formed. The 470th Dankovsky Regiment was one of the first to be sent to the front as part of the 118th Infantry Division. He especially distinguished himself in battles in the Baltic, as well as in the defense of the land sector of the Moonsund Archipelago in 1917.

Early Soviet period
By the end of January 1918, Soviet power was fully established in Dankovo.

During the civil war, Dankovsky Uyezd supplied the Red Army and the working people of industrial cities with food. In 1919 Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin visited the city.

In the 20-30s. the industry of the city is gradually developing.

Since 1925, Dankov has been called a village, in 1941 - an urban workers' settlement.

From July 30, 1928 it was part of the Central Black Earth Region, then from 1934 it was part of the Voronezh Region.

On July 15, 1932, the Dankovsky crushed stone plant was formed

On December 22, 1932, the development of the Dankovsky dolomite deposit began,

On September 26, 1937 - in the Ryazan region.

In the autumn of 1938, the construction of a chemical plant began on the basis of the Rastkauchuk plant.

 

The Great Patriotic War

In August 1941, the headquarters of the Dankovsky fortified area was located in the building of the district executive committee on Uritsky Street. The head of the fortified area was Lieutenant Colonel P.K. Lomachinsky, who was subordinate to the command of the South-Western Front, and from December 18, 1941 - to the newly formed Bryansk Front.

On September 24, 1941, an order came from the Special Office of the NKPS to move the factories to the east, and preparations began for sending equipment and materials.

The district committee of the party, together with the military registration and enlistment office, began to recruit two destruction battalions. The heads of enterprises, collective farms, workers and employees who were on armor from being drafted to the front were enrolled in extermination battalions in early October, which, in the event of the occupation of Dankov, were to switch to the partisan method of struggle.

In autumn, a military airfield is being built in Dankovo. It housed the 778th Aviation Regiment.

On November 19, military units of the 3rd Army of the Southwestern Front entered Dankov and settled in the dormitories and workshops of the rubble plant and other enterprises of the city.

The entire population of Dankov participated in the construction of defensive fortifications. All the streets of Dankov on the western side were blocked off with stone barricades 1.5–2 m high and of the same width. The stone for these purposes was taken at the rubble plant. Along the bank of the Don, anti-tank hedgehogs were laid in four rows. The entire left bank of the Don in the area, from the village of Romanovo to the village of Begichevo, was pitted with trenches and communication passages 1.7 m deep. An anti-tank ditch was dug against each ford in the Don River, where tanks could pass. Anti-tank ditches were also dug in other tank-hazardous directions. On the left bank of the Don, a defense in depth was built to a depth of 5-7 km. Pillboxes, bunkers, command posts were built.

The occupation of Dankov could have taken place on December 6-10. In November-December 1941, Dankov acquired strategic importance in the conduct of the Yelets-Efremov operation to defeat the Germans thanks to the railway station. It was the final front-line point, from where the troops continued on their own, occupying front-line positions from Chernava in the north to Telepnevo in the south of the region, about 80 km along the front line.

For concrete decisions on the counteroffensive, the commander of the Southwestern Front, Marshal of the Soviet Union Timoshenko Semyon Konstantinovich, arrived in Dankov.

The 3rd Army of General Ya. G. Kreizer, located in the area of \u200b\u200bthe settlements of Telepnevo, Voskresenskoye, Plakhovo, Avdulovo, went on the offensive in the area of \u200b\u200bEfremov on December 11 in order to liberate the city. To develop a strike in the Efremov area, on December 6, the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command transfers the 61st reserve army through the Dankov station.

Military hospitals No. 3012 and 1076 were already operating on the basis of the Dankovskaya hospital, in the premises of school No. I, in a former orphanage on Bolshaya Sadovaya Street.

During the Great Patriotic War, the 131st separate motor-pontoon bridge battalion was formed here, which went through a combat path from Dankov to Berlin.

In 1943, there was no longer a need to maintain militia formations, some of them were drafted into the army, and those who remained on the armor did the same work. Without participating in the battles, the battalions were disbanded, the warehouses were taken out, the pits were buried. The headquarters of the Dankovsky fortified area went to the west.

During the war years, 16,361 people went to the front from the Dankovsky district. Did not return - 7386 people.

 

Soviet period

In 1951, the Dankovskaya hydroelectric power station was built.

January 6, 1954 Dankovsky district, formed in 1928, is part of the Lipetsk region. Berezovsky and Voskresensky districts were attached to it.

On February 16, 1959, the working settlement of Dankov received the status of a city of district subordination, and since 1963 - of regional subordination.

Since 1959, the left-bank part of the city began to be built up.

In 1960, a bridge was built across the Don River.

In 1961, the Dankovskaya CHPP was built.

Modern period
In 2014, the Lipetskagro Greenhouse Plant was opened.

In 2019, the yeast factory of the Chinese company "Angel East Rus" was opened

In 2021, the central bridge across the Don River was being repaired.

At the end of 2021, the first Russian Jerusalem artichoke processing plant, IstAgroDon, was launched in Dankovo.

 

Coat of arms and title

The coat of arms of the Dankovsky district was adopted on March 25, 2005. In the red field - a silver sword with a tarch (round shield), in the green field - a silver horse. The coat of arms was based on the historical coat of arms of Dankov, approved on May 29, 1779. Then, for the first time, a silver horse standing in a green field appeared on the city coat of arms, which means that this city is famous for horse fairs. A sword with a shield symbolizes military glory. The wavy division of the shield allegorically indicates the location of the region on the Don.

 

Geography

It is located on the Don River at the confluence of the Vyazovna River.

Located on the eastern slopes of the Central Russian Upland.

Near Dankov is the Kulikovo field.

Population - 19 726 people. (2021).

 

Administrative division

The city is divided into several districts:

Pushkari microdistrict (former Pushkarskaya Sloboda)
Microdistrict Streltsy (former Streltsy Sloboda)
Microdistrict Bogoslovka
Microdistrict Kulikovka
Microdistrict Tulyanka
Microdistrict Cossacks (former Cossack Sloboda)
Microdistrict Storozhevskaya (former Storozhevskaya Sloboda)
Yuzhny microdistrict
Microdistrict Pridonskoy
Neighborhood of the state farm Dankovsky (Sovkhoz)
Settlement of the Dolomite Combine (Shchebzavod)
The village of Khimzavod

 

Climate

A temperate continental climate prevails. Summers are warm and short. Winters are long and cold. The average annual rainfall is 460 mm. The warmest month is July with an average temperature of 19.2 °C, while the coldest month is January with an average temperature of −10.0 °C.

 

Famous people

Vasily Ivanovich Ermakov - merchant, mayor, philanthropist and local historian.
Vasily Ivanovich Altufiev - a military official, a small estate nobleman.
Vissarion Vissarionovich Grigoriev - Soviet naval figure, vice admiral, commander of the Dnieper military flotilla, candidate of geographical sciences.
Gennady Alekseevich Grishin - Soviet and Russian football player, midfielder. Master of Sport.
Anatoly Vasilievich Karikh - Soviet military leader, Honored Military Pilot of the USSR, Major General of Aviation.
Plotnov Andrei Ivanovich - Soviet and Russian painter and graphic artist, military artist.
Alexei Konstantinovich Lebedev - Russian Soviet tuba player, teacher, composer, professor at the Moscow Conservatory.
Pyotr Makarovich Khupotsky - Russian teacher; Bachelor of MDA.
Bishop Theophilus - Bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church, Bishop of Samara and Stavropol.