Gorki Leninskiye is a town-type settlement in the Leninsky district of the Moscow region of Russia, the administrative center of the urban settlement Gorki Leninskie. The population as of January 1, 2010 is 2.3 thousand inhabitants (2.1 thousand inhabitants in 2009). The distance to the administrative center, the city Vidnoe, 7 km. The distance to the nearest railway platform Leninskaya 4 km. In the village there is a museum-reserve "Gorki Leninskie", as well as the Scientific Archive of the Russian Academy of Education.
Leninskiye Gorki is an old estate located not far from Moscow. The
former noble estate houses the Gorki Leninskiye State Museum-Reserve.
Visitors to the estate, in addition to the main buildings, will also
visit the house-museum of V.I. Lenin, they will see the exact models of
his Kremlin office and apartment. In addition, the reserve has a
well-preserved park and a museum of the life of a Russian peasant.
The history of Gorok began in the 18th century, when landowner Marfa
Spasiteleva acquired a piece of land in a small village near Moscow. A
large house was built on the estate and a beautiful garden was planted.
A few years later, the noblewoman went bankrupt and sold her country
estate. The estate passed from one landowner to another, gradually
dilapidated.
In 1824, the estate was bought by a well-known
social activist, politician, participant in the war of 1812, writer and
poet A.A. Pisarev. Under him, a two-story stone manor house was built in
the estate (before that, all the buildings were wooden), the northern
and southern wings, the structure of the park was laid, which has been
preserved to this day.
In 1909 Z.G. became the owner of the
estate. Morozova-Reinboat, heiress of the multi-million dollar fortune
of the manufacturer S. Morozov. Two years after his death in 1905,
Zinaida Grigorievna marries the mayor of Moscow, A.A. Reinobot, but a
few months later, due to accusations of embezzlement, A. Reinobot was
forced to resign. To avoid gossip, Zinaida Grigorievna sells the famous
mansion on Spiridonovka and acquires an estate in Gorki with the
proceeds.
The estate underwent a large-scale reconstruction, as a
result of which the estate acquired a modern look. Electricity, running
water, central steam heating (in the main house) were installed, and in
1913 even a telephone appeared. The architect F. Shekhtel added a Winter
Garden, a veranda to the mansion, decorated the facade of the main house
with a portico and a colonnade. In 1915, a stable, a water tower, and a
small farm appeared on the estate. Several beautiful gazebos were built
in the garden.
Thanks to the water tower, water flowed not only
to the large house, the northern and southern wings, but also to the
outbuildings.
With the advent of Soviet power, Gorki were given
to V.I. Lenin as a residence. Favorable location (not far from Moscow),
beautiful nature, all the conditions for a normal life, but most
importantly, the presence of a telephone was for Lenin the main reason
for choosing this particular estate. Here the leader of the world
proletariat lived and worked for 2.5 years.
By this phone, Lenin
sent about 200 messages-instructions to various cities of Russia. But
the connection was very bad, because. the line did not go directly to
Moscow, but passed through Podolsk. In this regard, Lenin wrote
indignant notes to the People's Commissar of Posts and Telegraphs V.S.
Dovgalevsky: "Comrade Dovgalevsky, again and again I draw your serious
attention to the disgrace with my telephone in the village of Gorki." As
a result, an amplifier was added to the phone.
The northern wing
of the estate in Gorki was considered a guest house, Lenin and N.
Krupskaya lived here in the winter, moving to a large house in the
summer. There was no steam heating in the North Wing, all rooms were
heated by Dutch stoves. Lenin occupied a small room here so that no one
would interfere with his work. Because the guest house did not provide
for a desktop; he had to work at a small dressing table. The skin on the
floor is a gift from the Tver hunters who came to visit him.
Museum
The estate is known due to the fact that since the winter
of 1921-22. and until his death, V. I. Lenin lived here. The estate
largely preserved pre-revolutionary interiors with furnishings from the
times of Zinaida Morozova. Already at that time the estate was
telephoned.
The complex of the museum-reserve includes the
following objects:
Museum-Estate "Gorki" with a preserved memorial
environment in which Vladimir Ilyich Lenin lived, worked and died
Museum of V. I. Lenin
Museum "Office and apartment of V. I. Lenin in
the Kremlin"
Museum of peasant life
Official website of the Leninskiye Gorki Museum-Reserve
http://mgorki.ru/
Work schedule
The protected area is open to visitors daily from 9:00 to 21:00, the
entrance fee to the territory is 100 rubles. Tickets to museums are
purchased taking into account the excursion service. Groups of tourists
are formed from Wednesday to Sunday at the beginning of each hour from
9:00 to 18:00. On Monday and Tuesday, guided tours are possible only by
prior arrangement.
Ticket price
The price of a ticket to visit
one object in 2023 ranges from 100 to 500 rubles. depending on the scale
of the exposure. For a complex ticket for viewing the halls of all
attractions as part of an excursion group, a fee of 1000 rubles is
provided, for tourists who independently wish to see the exhibitions -
800 rubles.
You can buy tickets at the box office or on the
official website of the museum complex. For preferential categories of
citizens, a 50% discount applies to all tickets to museums. Children
under 7 years old can enter all halls of the museum-reserve for free.