Krasnousolsky (Bashkortostan Krasnousol) is a village, the administrative center of the Gafuriysky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan, as well as the center of the Krasnousolsky village council. The village is located on the Usolka River, 104 km southeast of Ufa. Nearby is Voskresenskaya Mountain, where the history of Krasnousolskoye began.
The Krasnousolsk balneo-mud resort and a
children's sanatorium are located 5 km from Krasnousolskoye. The
resort is located in the foothills of the western slope of the
Southern Urals, in the valley of the Usolka River.
Krasnousolsky is known for its medicinal mineral water, which is
used as a drinking water for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract,
biliary tract, metabolism, kidneys, and as a bath for diseases of
the musculoskeletal system, diseases of the nervous system and
respiratory organs.
In 1574, immediately after
the foundation of Ufa, Ivan Nagoy sent up the White expedition of
the Cossacks to a mysterious country - the Kara-Tabynsky row. About
90 miles from Ufa, the Cossacks stumbled upon a strange tributary of
the Belaya with brackish and heavy water. The tributary was named
Root. Having climbed it for fifteen versts, the Cossacks found salty
springs. Above them, the water in the Korennaya River was fresh.
Returning to Ufa with a keg of water from these springs, they
reported to the voivode something like this: “... the brine there
knocks out of the springs so that you can scoop it in buckets, and
the taste of the water is salty, and partly bitter, and the smell is
somewhat smelly; the springs run where there is a large birch
forest, which will last for a long time if you cook salt there ”.
Near Voskresenki Mountain (Voskresenskaya Mountain), the Tabynsky
prison was built, most likely from 1574 to 1586. In the
correspondence with Tsar Fyodor from 1586, the Nogai Khan Urus was
indignant, threatening war:
“... you want to put cities in
four places: on Ufa (the foundation of the fort in 1574), on Uvek
(the fortress of Saratov was built in 1590) and on Samara (the
fortress was built in 1586) and on Belaya Volozhka (the Belaya
river, Ostrog Tabinsk 1574). Did your grandfathers and fathers own
those places? Cities were built for dashing and not friendship ...
henceforth not to be ... ".
The ambassadorial order replied:
"... that the city on Ufa, on Belaya Volozhka, is ordered to be
built now for protection from the Siberian king Kuchyum ...".
Khan Urus, together with Kuchum, raided the Tabyn town and
destroyed the Voznesenskaya desert. From the decree of Fyodor
Ioannovich of 1586:
“And for the sake of this, the Tsar and Grand
Duke Fyodor Ioannovich of All Russia the autocrat showed you to
Elder Jonah, unable to drive to the Ufa district, to the
Voznesenskaya desert of the Nogai road, which was burned by the
Bashkirians, and the brothers were scattered ... the Voznesenskaya
wilderness, all church property, utensils, what if left or plundered
by the Bashkirians, equally the bells should be rewritten, as well
as what structure, cells and services are also rewritten and where
we were the Great Sovereign to that monastery, they were granted,
and on those lands of the Ascension desert our letters have been
lost, those lands have been carefully rewritten, and for us about
everything to the Great Tsar of All Russia and the autocrat a fairy
tale for yours and the builder of the black priest should sign an
order in Moscow to the patriarch ”.
The formation of the
Voznesenskaya Hermitage took place no earlier than 1584, on the
lands granted outside the walls of the Tabynsky prison in the valley
of the Chesnokovka river, near the modern village of Bely Kamen
(formerly called Popov Kamen) 3-4 km west of the salt springs. This
place is fairly well known: "... in the vicinity of the straight
road from Tabynsk to the salt springs, which ran here in the old
days, along which salt was transported to the Zhegulev pier ...".
Over time, the Tabynsk prison turned into a city of salt workers
and began to be called Solovarny. It existed quite successfully
until about 1629.
The settlement arose on the Bashkir lands
in 1752 in connection with the construction of the Bogoyavlensky
copper-smelting plant, which was converted into glass in 1893.
Subsequently, the village received the name Bogoyavlenskoye, and in
1924 - the village of Krasnousolsky plant. In 1926 - the center of
the Krasnousolsk volost.
Since 1928 - a working settlement
Krasnousolskiy plant. By the decision of the session of the
municipal formation of the Krasnousolsky village council on December
15, 2002, the settlement of Krasnousolsky was classified as a rural
settlement and transformed into the village of Krasnousolsky.
A regional public highway 80K-028 passes
through the village, which connects Krasnousolsky with Ufa.
From the village, buses run daily to Ufa, Sterlitamak and other
cities.