Lebedyan, Russia

Transportation

Hotels, motels and where to sleep

 

Description of Lebedyan

Lebedyan is located in the Lipetsk region. Lebedyan was founded at the beginning of the 17th century as a guard point for protection against Tatar raids. In the 19th century, Lebedyan was famous for horse fairs, and in 1826 the first hippodrome in Russia was opened here. Now in Lebedyan is the largest in Europe plant for the production of juices. The historic center of the city is called Tyapkina mountain, the location of the main attractions.

 

Travel Destinations in Lebedyan

In the city center, one- and two-story merchant estates with stone entrances and outbuildings, the Torgovy Ryad complex encircling the Market Square quarter from four sides, the building of the City Duma, the men's gymnasium and the noble assembly have been preserved. Built in 1910, the reinforced concrete bridge across the Don River has long been an advanced achievement of technical thought and was the largest reinforced concrete bridge in the region.

One of the most famous places in Lebedyan is Tyapkina Gora. According to one of the legends, the Cossack robber Tyapka lived there, who robbed ships passing by along the Don. On the mountain is the central part of the city, which includes the historical center with most of the sights and public institutions.

The city has a museum of local lore and the House of Crafts, where paintings by local amateur artists and handicrafts are exhibited.

15 km east of Lebedyan is the village of Shovskoye, the birthplace of St. Silouan of Athos. In the vicinity of the city there are two monasteries: Sezenovsky Ioannovsky and Troekurovsky Ilarionovsky. Both monasteries are currently active and are being restored with the support of philanthropists and local farms.

From 1989 to 2011, a pensioner-enthusiast Leonid Vladimirovich Mulyarchik was digging a tunnel in Lebedyan. He wanted to get into the Guinness Book of Records by building the shortest subway in the world. As of 2009, the length of the existing tunnel is about 200 meters. The reliability and strength of the structure is confirmed by experts. The project was repeatedly covered by all-Russian television channels, print media and websites. By the way, some experts question the fact that Mulyarchik himself carried out the excavation work. Also, the activities of Mulyarchik caused disapproval of other residents of the city. L. V. Mulyarchik died in the winter of 2012, and all metro projects were frozen.

 

History

The first mention is in 1605. Then it was the village "Lebedyanskoe settlement", which belonged to the boyar Nikita Dmitrievich Velyaminov. In 1613, Lebedyan became a sovereign city, received its own governor and turned into a guard post for the defense of the southern borders from Tatar raids. This year is considered the year of the founding of the city, although the archaeological finds now discovered on Tyapkina Gora - the site of the construction of the Lebedyanskaya fortress - allow us to assert the existence of a Slavic settlement here as early as the 8th-10th centuries.

In 1618, when the hetman Sagaidachny was besieging Yelets, the majority of the Lebedyan golutvenny Cossacks went over to Sagaidachny, and the local voivode Semyon Leontiev fled to the Dobrovsky forests. Sahaidachny ruined Lebedyan "without a trace": the fortifications were destroyed, the settlements and settlements were burned, the inhabitants fled or were taken prisoner. After the ruin, the inhabitants did not want to return to their former places, the government searched for them and forcibly settled them. The city felt the ruin of Sagaidachny for a long time and recovered slowly.

According to legend, in 1621, a verst from the city, on the Yablonova meadow of the Romantsov Forest, by order of Patriarch Filaret, the former boyar Fyodor Nikitich Romanov, the Holy Trinity Monastery was founded. Surrounded by a high stone wall with loopholes, the monastery was an almost impregnable fortress.

In 1662, the Lebedyanskaya Fortress was once again rebuilt: the city and the large prison were merged into one fortification. Lebedyan expands and decorates. Trade is developing here, the settlement is growing.

However, in 1703 the Lebedyanskaya fortress burned down and was never restored.

After Peter I, by his decree of December 18 (29), 1708, divided Russia into 8 provinces, Lebedyan was assigned to the Azov province (renamed April 22 (May 3), 1725 to Voronezh). A new decree of the emperor dated May 29 (June 9), 1719 introduced the division of provinces into provinces, and Lebedyan became part of the Yelets province of this province.

On September 16 (27), 1779, by decree of Catherine II “On the formation of the Tambov governorship from 15 districts”, Lebedyan receives the status of a county town - the center of the Lebedyansky district of the newly formed Tambov governorship (the last on December 12 (23), 1796, by the decree of Paul I “On the new division of the state into province" was transformed into the Tambov province).

In the 19th century, Lebedyan was famous for horse fairs, and in 1826 the first hippodrome in Russia was opened in the city and the Lebedyansky racing society was founded, whose members were prominent horse breeders from all over Russia. In 1847, the Lebedyan Society of Agriculture was established in the city, which left a deep mark on the history of the country's agronomic science and became the cradle of the main reform projects of 1861 (by the way, the village of Agronom is located to the west of Lebedyan).

On January 7 (20), 1918, Soviet power was established in Lebedyan.

On August 28, 1919, Lebedyan was taken by the cavalry of the 4th Don Corps, Lieutenant General K. K. Mamontov, who, however, did not stay in the city.

On February 11, 1924, by a decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the Lebedyansky district was abolished, and Lebedyan became part of the Lipetsk district.

On July 30, 1928, in connection with the abolition of the division into provinces and counties, Lebedyan became the center of the newly formed Lebedyansky District, which became part of the Yelets District of the Central Black Earth Region (on July 23, 1930, the division of the Central Black Earth Region into districts was canceled).

After the disaggregation of the Central Black Earth Region on June 13, 1934, Lebedyan, together with the district, became part of the Voronezh Region, and on September 26, 1937, into the newly formed Ryazan Region. After the formation of the Lipetsk region on January 6, 1954, Lebedyan and the Lebedyansky district were included in its composition.

 


Transportation

How to get here

By train
Lebedyan stands on the railway Leo Tolstoy - Yelets. All trains on this line have been canceled since 2014.

 

Hotels, motels and where to sleep

Hotel "Communal", st. Soviet, 23. ☎ +7 (47466) -52022.
Hotel Lebedyansky OJSC, ul. Matrosov, 7

 

Coat of arms and title

August 16, 1781 Lebedyan receives his coat of arms. Under the Tambov provincial coat of arms (beehive and three golden bees) - a swan bird, in a blue field, meaning the name of this city. But in the drawing published in the Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire, the artist depicted not a swan, but a certain waterfowl with a long beak of a heron (see drawing). The coat of arms of the city is a vowel.

Not all toponymists agree with the fact that the name of the city comes from a bird that was once found in the Lebedyanka River, which flows into the Don not far from the city. Some of them (for example, Nikonov V.A., A Brief Toponymic Dictionary) are inclined to believe that this name is borrowed, and they raise it to the name of the Lybed River or the territory of Levedia (another version of the name is Lebedia), which was the place of residence of the Hungarians in IX century.

 

Geography

The city is located on both banks of the Don River, 53 km northwest of Lipetsk. The Lebedyan railway station is located on the Yelets - Lev Tolstoy section.