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Restaurant, taverns and where to eat
Lipetsk - a city (since 1779) in Russia, the
administrative center of the Lipetsk region. It is the core of the
largest Russian agglomeration with a specialization in the field of
full-cycle ferrous metallurgy, an industrial, agrotechnological and
aviation center, a resort. Population - 509,735 people. (2018). The
distance to Moscow is 450 km, to Voronezh - 132 km.
Lipetsk
is one of the largest and second most populated cities in the Black
Soil Region, the fifth in the Central Federal District and the
thirty-sixth in Russia. Located on the Voronezh River in the
forest-steppe zone at the junction of the Central Russian Upland and
the Oka-Don Plain. An important motor hub of agglomeration and
regional importance, located between the federal routes “Don” and
“Caspiy”, has a developed network of industrial railways, the
largest transshipment deadlock. Center of a special economic zone of
industrial type. One of the youngest regional centers of Russia.
1 Cathedral Square.
2 Church of the Nativity of Christ.
3 Cascade of fountains.
4 Monument to Lenin.
5 Memorial obelisk
to Emperor Peter I, the founder of the city. The obelisk was made by
order of the St. Petersburg merchant Pavel Nebuchinov, who had a rest
and was treated at the Lipetsk mineral waters, and was cast at the
Tambov iron foundry by master Ivan Fedorov. The obelisk is an elongated
triangular pyramid. Cast-iron boards with bas-reliefs are built into the
pedestal on both sides. A monument was erected on Petrovsky Spusk in
1839. Renovated in 2000. It is one of the symbols of the city.
6 Upper Park.
7 Lower Park.
8 Monument to Peter I.
9 Monument to Plekhanov.
10 Bykhanov garden.
11 Victory Park.
1 Plekhanov House-Museum.
2 Lipetsk Zoo.
In 1702, the construction of metallurgical plants began on the Voronezh River at the confluence of the Lipovka River; The hydronym comes from the word linden. The settlement that arose at the factories began to be called Lipsky (later - Lipetsk) Iron Factories, in 1779 it was transformed into the city of Lipetsk.
Lipetsk was first mentioned in the 13th-century chronicles. The
name means "Linden city" and is cognate with Leipzig and Liepāja. In
1284, the city was destroyed by the Mongols.
The foundation
of the modern city dates back to 1703 when Peter the Great ordered
the construction of a cast iron factory in Lipetsk near the iron ore
deposits for making artillery shells. On September 27, 1779, Lipetsk
was granted town status. It became one of the principal towns of
Tambov Governorate.
In 1879, Lipetsk hosted a congress of
members of Land and Liberty.
After the Treaty of Rapallo
(1922) until 1933, the much-reduced German Army (Reichswehr) of the
Weimar Republic secretly contracted with Soviet authorities to
operate a clandestine military aviation base and test facility near
Lipetsk – circumventing prohibitions of the Versailles Treaty. The
base enabled technical collaboration by the two powers whose
separate defeats in World War I left them isolated in post-war
Europe. This activity inside the U.S.S.R. took place away from the
vigilant eyes of the victors.
By air
Lipetsk has a domestic airport, which serves flights to
Moscow (daily), Saint Petersburg (2 times a week), Sochi, Anapa, and
Kostroma (weekly). Flights are quite expensive: a one-way ride from
Moscow costs 6,000 RUR.
By train
Train is the most
reliable way of getting to Lipetsk. 2 overnight trains go from
Moscow Paveletsky Station on daily basis, other train connections
are with Saint Petersburg and Sochi. One way 2nd class ticket from
Moscow to Lipetsk costs about 2000 RUR / 30 EUR.
By bus
Lipetsk has a good bus connection with Moscow. Several private
operators provide 7-10 daily trips from Paveletskaya metro station
of Moscow to Lipetsk train station and back. Expect 8 hours to go,
600-700 RUR / 15-18 EUR to pay and loud video in the coach for all
the way. Bus collisions are regularly reported on southern
directions, so be attentive taking this risk.
By car
Depending on traffic, the road to Lipetsk can take 5-8 hours from
Moscow. Take M4-RUS.svg road to Rostov-on-the-Don and turn left to
Lipetsk soon after Yelets. Alternatively, turn from M4-RUS.svg to
M6-RUS.svg road after Kashira, then turn right to Lipetsk after some
200+ km drive. This second way is shorter in kilometres, but worse
in road quality and traffic.
Get around
Lipetsk has a
Russian standard public transportation system with buses,
trolleybuses and marshrutkas. Everything is a bit uncomfortable. The
cost of ride is 10 RUR / 0,25 EUR. Taxis are widespread and
inexpensive, but non-English-speaking.
Cafe "Hutorok" ("Хуторок") near Train station. 24 hours
Drink
Lipetskaya mineral water
There are not many large shopping centers in the city. There is
"Europe" on the street. Soviet. It has many boutiques, an Okey grocery
supermarket and a Mediamarkt household appliances store. However, prices
are generally above average.
There is a central market, which is
located a 5-minute walk from Europe, where you can buy quality products
at an affordable price.
You can also visit the Armada store, which
will offer you a huge selection of various Chinese fakes with Gucci and
Armani logos at the price of the originals. Next to it is the Oktyabrsky
market, reminiscent of the central one with its assortment.
The city
has representative offices of numerous chain brands, such as cosmetics:
Rive Gauche, Yves Rocher, Ile de Beaute, L'Etoile, etc.
Also, mobile
communication salons will offer you their services: Euroset, Svyaznoy
and Digital Wind.
All major mobile operators work: MTS, Beeline, Megafon, TELE2 and Yota.
Lipetsk is by and large a safe city. However, guests of the city
should, if possible, avoid the areas of the Tractor Plant and the
Svobodny Sokol plant, so as not to be left without a phone or cash.
The urban planning of Lipetsk can hardly be called intuitive, and
for those who visit the city for the first time, it seems to be very
confusing in general. Do not neglect the use of a mobile navigator, and
if you feel that you are starting to wander, urgently call a taxi.
The city is located in the forest-steppe zone of the temperate zone on the border of the Central Russian Upland and the Oka-Don Plain, on both banks of the Voronezh River in its middle reaches, 428 km southeast of Moscow. The distance from the Lipetsk railway station to the Moscow (Paveletsky) railway station is 504 km. The height of the city center above sea level is about 160 m. The historical center of the city is located on the hills around the mouth of the Kamenny Log and in the lowland where the Lipovka River flows into Voronezh, geographical coordinates are 52.605°N, 39.597°E (Revolution Square). The distance to Moscow is 450 km. The city stretches from north to south for 22 km and from west to east for 27 km.
Lipetsk is located in the MSK time zone (Moscow time). The offset of the applicable time from UTC is +3:00. In accordance with the applied time and geographic longitude, the average solar noon in Lipetsk occurs at 12:22.
The climate is temperate continental. Despite the fact that Lipetsk
is located at the latitude of Berlin and Amsterdam, the winter here is
with stable snow cover, the average January temperature is −7.3°C.
Summers are warm, the average temperature in July is about +20°C.
Precipitation is about 500 mm per year, with a maximum in July.
In 2008-2009, the average winter temperature in Lipetsk was 5 degrees
below zero. This differs from long-term values by 3.2 degrees in the
direction of heat. The amount of precipitation during these winters was
less than normal. But the winters of 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 in Lipetsk
were colder than normal.
There are 36 public health institutions of both regional and city
status in the city and its immediate environs. Of these, 32 are directly
involved in the provision of medical care. Currently, the regional
center has 5 specialized dispensaries, 10 adult and children's
round-the-clock hospital hospitals, 29 polyclinics of general
therapeutic, dental and other special profiles (including outpatient
clinics at dispensaries and hospitals), a blood transfusion station, an
ambulance station, 2 sanatoriums , maternity hospital and perinatal
center, 4 antenatal clinics.
The history of health care in the
city dates back to the construction of a small infirmary at the
ironworks at the beginning of the 18th century, which included a couple
of beds, a doctor and a pharmacy. With the discovery of mineral waters
in the city, the royal doctor Christopher Paulsen had a hand in the
organization of the Bader baths, where they were treated with mineral
waters. By the beginning of the 19th century, the baths turned into an
elite resort with a mud bath, koumiss treatment and mineral baths. In
the middle of the 19th century, the city already had a city hospital.
However, the number of doctors and pharmacies remained extremely small.
So by the end of the 19th century, there were only 4 doctors in the
county, and only 1 at the hospital, which was only in Lipetsk, 3
paramedics per city and 3 midwives per county. Several pre-revolutionary
buildings correlate with the Lipetsk Zemstvo Hospital. Judging by the
descriptions and old maps, there were several buildings in the city,
including the actual hospital beds, an outpatient clinic and infectious
barracks. In the hotel building of the Lipetsk resort, there was also an
outpatient clinic of the Red Cross Society. In the early 1920s, the city
already had three hospitals, two outpatient clinics, and a dentist's
office. Most of the regional hospitals and other health care
institutions were built in the 1950s and 1960s.
The non-state
sector is represented by a number of private clinics and large
non-governmental organizations, such as the NLMK medical center and the
Lipetsk sanatorium.
On February 17, 2009, German Yuryevich
Zhuravlev, an endoscopist surgeon from Lipetsk, was recognized as the
best doctor in Russia in one of 23 nominations.
The main enterprise of the city is the Novolipetsk Iron and Steel
Works; the Svobodny Sokol metallurgical enterprise also operates.
Mechanical engineering and metalworking: the Lipetsk plant of
caterpillar tractors, factories for the production of refrigerators and
washing machines of the Indesit Company and others. There are
enterprises for the production of building materials: the production of
cement (Lipetsk cement plant), silicate brick (Lipetsk plant of silicate
products), reinforced concrete structures (Reinforced Concrete Plant
(Lipetsk), a plant for the production of fixed formwork OOO
Novtekhstroy, etc. Chemical industry: factories - nitrogen-fertilizer
(Reconstruction was deemed inexpedient, stopped and dismantled due to
the high risk of ammonia production in the immediate vicinity of the
residential sector and high environmental pollution by a very outdated
production) (based on the coke production of the Novolipetsk
Metallurgical Plant), Khimprodukt, rubber-plastic products.
In
addition, there are numerous food industry enterprises: a confectionery
factory (ROSHEN Corporation, liquidated by a court decision), OJSC
Progress, OJSC Lipetskmoloko (A branch of the Open Joint Stock Company
UNIMILK Company), OJSC Lipetskkhlebmakaronprom).
The light
industry is poorly represented - the Lipchanka garment factory, the
Lipetsk patterns factory, the LOK shoe factory, etc.
In 2006, the
construction of the Lipetsk Special Economic Zone began. It closely
adjoins the eastern border of the city and is, as it were, a
continuation of its industrial zone, in which the enterprises of the
Italian company Indesit Company are already located - two factories for
the production of refrigerators and washing machines under the brands
Indesit and Hotpoint-Ariston (belonging to Turkish Arçelik since June
2022) .
In 2008, the volume of shipped goods of own production,
work performed and services performed on its own by type of activity
manufacturing (for large and medium-sized organizations) was 259.1
billion rubles.
Trade enterprises of modern formats are developing in the city. In
2006, the hypermarkets Metro Cash & Carry (10,000 m2), Auchan (part of
the Auchan Holding group) (36,000 m2), Perekrestok (12,000 m2),
Stroylandiya, Liniya (13,000 m2) were opened. m²) and others.
In
August 2007, a five-level Moskva shopping center with a total area of
15,000 m² was opened in Lipetsk. In March 2010, the Lipetsk Building
Materials Plant (LZSM) opened in the city center between Sovetskaya and
March 8 streets the Europe shopping and entertainment center with a
total area of 60,000 m² (sales area - 43,000 m²).
There are
several markets in Lipetsk, the main ones being Central, Petrovsky,
Universal, Sovetsky (former 9th microdistrict).
Housing Construction Volumes of housing construction in Lipetsk for
several years in a row remain at the level of 360-380 thousand m² per
year, that is, 0.75 m². per capita, which is twice the national average.
The leadership of the region and the city set the task to reach the
level of 1 m² per year per capita. The capacities of construction
enterprises in Lipetsk and enterprises of the construction industry make
it possible to solve this problem, provided that the problem of creating
networks in new development areas is solved. In the last few years, the
share of individual housing exceeds the share of apartment buildings in
the total volume of construction.
Prospective construction For
the next 10 years, sites for mass construction have been identified,
first of all, the Yelets microdistrict, the first microdistrict of the
21st century in Lipetsk in terms of architectural and planning
solutions, microdistricts No. (former microdistrict No. 32, 33), area of
the Experimental Station. Lipetsk has a serious reserve of space for
construction in old building areas. These are the territories of
non-working industrial enterprises in the districts: st. Frunze - st.
Nedelina, st. Gagarin - st. Balmochny; along Victory Avenue. The
implementation of a landmark facility for the city has begun: the
Rolling Stones sports complex. Construction in the center of the Youth
Park has already begun. Piling work is underway. This sports complex
will be the largest in the Black Earth region and one of the largest in
Russia. The estimated cost of the facility is about 5.0 billion rubles.
In 2011, the sports complex project, following the results of the
world's largest real estate exhibition MIPIM-2011 held in Cannes, was
included in the top ten European projects of the year. The complex will
include an ice arena for 5.5 thousand seats, a hall for team sports, a
50-meter swimming pool and a water park.
Secondary market Most of
the residential real estate market in Lipetsk is occupied by secondary
housing. This is due to the age of the city and infrastructure. By
prices for apartments in this sector, one can judge the overall picture
of the housing market in the city. In 2013, it averaged 49,000 rubles.
Out-of-town real estate There are three directions of development in
out-of-town real estate in Lipetsk. 1. The main volume of individual
houses is currently located on lands close to the city and documented
included in its territory. Within the city there are former villages:
Sselki, Yellow Sands, Novaya Zhizn, Korovino, Zarechye, the villages of
Severny Rudnik, Syrsky, Dachny, Matyrsky. In the settlements, the
development is mixed - multi-storey (up to 10 floors) and individual
houses. 2. The growth of well-being, an increase in the level of
mobility of the population led to the fact that some villages close to
Lipetsk, located in convenient transport accessibility and in
ecologically clean places in the Lipetsk, Dobrovsky and Gryazinsky
districts, began to turn into cottage settlements. This process is
especially noticeable in such villages as Kuleshovka, Sitovka,
Plekhanovo, Kapitanshino. 3. The construction of cottage villages "from
scratch" began in Lipetsk in the mid-90s, but their development was
extremely slow. Only since 2010 has the situation changed for the
better. Among the most successful projects, the settlements of Yasnaya
Polyana and Novaya Dubrava should be singled out.
Hypermarkets and supermarkets Despite the fact that Lipetsk
does not have the status of a millionaire, the number of successfully
operating modern retail facilities in the city indicates that the level
of food retail in the city is quite comparable to the development of
cities with twice as many inhabitants. Both local trading companies and
federal chains are developing on the Lipetsk market. The emergence of
modern hypermarkets and supermarkets in the Lipetsk market is associated
with the activity of the largest industry players in the Chernozem
region. A significant market share is occupied by the Pyaterochka
neighborhood grocery store chain, which includes 57 supermarkets with an
area of 300 m² or more, two Karusel hypermarkets, and the Perekrestok
supermarket chain (these three chains are managed by X5 Retail Group
with head office in Moscow), a network of economical supermarkets
"Proletarsky" (10 stores) and "Pokupayka". Also in the field of food
retail there is a network of 20 Limak-Trade stores (OJSC
Lipetskkhlebmakaronprom).
Among the companies headquartered in
other regions are Kursk-based GriNN corporation (Line hypermarket),
Metro company (Metro Cash&Carry store) and O'Key, Kopeyka, Uyuterra, and
Magnit hypermarkets. , supermarkets "Europe".
The development of
retail in Lipetsk demonstrates the assertion of the majority of trade
experts about the prospects of two formats: hypermarkets and convenience
stores (both small retail outlets with an area of up to 200 m² and
larger objects with a supermarket area). Lipetsk is unique in this case:
there are not so many hypermarkets in any city of the Black Earth
region. On August 6, 2013, instead of the Real hypermarket, the Auchan
hypermarket was opened. At the end of 2012, the Auchan company bought
its component from the Metro Group, namely the Real hypermarkets.
Other commercial real estate A special place in the commercial real
estate sector in Lipetsk is occupied by premises on the first floors of
the housing stock along transport routes. These are both originally
non-residential areas and apartments removed from the housing stock and
converted for a certain type of commercial activity. As a rule, they
house beauty salons, hairdressers, non-food stores, offices specializing
in the provision of services, etc. Such premises are small in size and
conveniently located in a residential area. The choice of such premises
is very large, and the cost is determined by demand. Of particular
interest to business are the central streets of the city: Plekhanova,
Zegelya, Pervomaiskaya, Sovetskaya, Pobedy Ave., and shopping areas near
public transport hubs - st. Dovatora, pl. Mira, 9th microdistrict, st.
Bauman, ring pr. Victory.
Business Centers The Lipetsk office
real estate market is represented mainly by class C and D offices.
High-quality objects began to appear relatively recently. The first B+
class business center entered the market in 2006 (Europort Business
Center with a total area of 6,000 m²). In recent years (since
approximately 2006), the office market has been supported by demand from
federal financial companies expanding their regional presence (banks,
insurance, investment companies), it was during this period that class B
+ objects began to enter the market. As of 2013, there were four such
facilities in the city. Three business centers were opened in
reconstructed buildings, and all these buildings were built in Soviet
times as Houses of Consumer Services. The reconstruction was carried out
by Lipetsk and Voronezh development companies. The only major project
for the construction of an office and hotel complex, which was
implemented by the Moscow company, is currently frozen. This is a
complex of buildings in the area of the Regional Department of the
traffic police.
Construction organizations Leading positions in
the construction market of Lipetsk are occupied by the Lipetskstroy
trust, the SU-5 group of companies, DSK OJSC, Globus-98 LLC, SU-11
Lipetskstroy LLC, as well as the NLMK construction complex.
The General Atmospheric Pollution Index (API) was catastrophic -
24.43 units in 2000, but by 2009 fell to 7.5 units - slightly above the
norm of 4-7 units.
The main residential development is located on
the right bank of the Voronezh River, and the Novolipetsk Iron and Steel
Works is on the left, gently sloping bank. The wind rose in the city is
located in such a way that the wind of the northeast direction (from the
Matyr reservoir) prevails. At the same time, the "torch" from the pipes
of the plant begins to descend to the surface of the earth at a distance
of several kilometers - right in the central districts of the city. And
when the wind blows from the southeast, residents of the sleeping areas
and the center of the right bank, the Traktorny district, may experience
discomfort from the smell of hydrogen sulfide emanating from the slag
collectors located near the area, the largest in Europe, the NLMK
metallurgical plant. This is a significant excess of MPC (maximum
permissible concentrations) of pollutants.
According to official
data in 2008, 366 thousand tons of pollution were emitted into the
atmosphere of the city, more than 750 kg per inhabitant, among which the
content of heavy metals, dioxins, benzapyrene and phenol exceeded the
norm. The main source of pollution is NLMK PJSC.
Lipetsk was
included in the list of 12 industrial cities, which will reduce
emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere by 22% by 2024 as part of
the Ecology priority national project.
City Day is the main holiday of Lipetsk. Celebrated on the 3rd Sunday
of July. The year of foundation of Lipetsk is considered to be 1703.
In 1979, the city administration planned to celebrate City Day on
the day Lipetsk was awarded city status. However, local historians and
local historians wrote a letter to Moscow saying that this was wrong.
Then the main city holiday began to be celebrated on the 3rd Sunday
of May, but, according to the head of the Lipetsk city administration,
I.N. Koshelev, “by this point people were simply tired of the holidays,
and City Day passed unnoticed.”
We decided to combine the holiday
with Metallurgist Day, which is no less significant in Lipetsk, where
the city-forming enterprise is the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant.
Since 2003, City Day has been celebrated on the 3rd Sunday of July (as
well as the following Friday and Saturday).
The history of
Lipetsk is amazing because from century to century the vector of the
city’s development and its brand have changed dramatically. Lipetsk was
both the eastern outpost of Kievan Rus, and the center of the formation
and development of ferrous metallurgy, and a resort city, and a city of
aviators.
In 2013, on the day of the 310th anniversary of the
city, the festival of historical reconstruction and ethnoculture
“Lipetsk Settlement” was held for the first time in Lipetsk. About 70
thousand people took part in it.
“Lipetsk Settlement” is a
celebration of history and culture, where the entire history of the city
is recreated in stage form. In the historical Lower Park, handicrafts of
Ancient Rus' were reconstructed over a vast territory. Lip residents and
guests of the city could try themselves as potters, learn wickerwork,
bobbin lace making, paint a clay toy as a souvenir using the region’s
traditional Romanov technique, and even try to smelt metal in a working
model of a blast furnace. Performances by original groups engaged in the
reconstruction of song and instrumental folk art of the Middle Ages and
Russian folk groups from various regions of Russia and neighboring
countries took place on several stages of the park. Everyone could take
part in a traditional costume ball of the 19th century and take
photographs in a historical photo studio of the early 20th century.
The abundance of industrial enterprises and the work of the
Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant, due to environmental reasons, have
somewhat reduced the tourist and recreational attractiveness of Lipetsk.
However, continuing the traditions of the 19th century resort, its
successor, the Lipetsk sanatorium, operates in the regional center.
In the vicinity of the city (mainly in the Lipetsk nature reserve on
the banks of the Matyra and Voronezh rivers) there are the Lesnaya
Skazka sanatorium, the Mechta children's sanatorium, the Parus
sanatorium, the Sukhoborye sanatorium, the Green Valley and Smile
recreation centers. , “Chaika”, “Rainbow”, “Sosnovy Bor”, “Falcon”,
“Forest House”, “Russian Estate”, “Osinki”, “Beryozka”, “Indesit” plant,
silicate plant, “Brigantine”, “Atmosphere” ", children's health
complexes (camps) "Orlyonok", "Prometheus", "Star", health complex
"Altair".
There are several parks in the city - “Victory Park”,
the ancient “Lower Park” and “Upper Park”, “Bykhanov Garden”,
“Metallurgists’ Park”, “Molodezhny”, “Svobodny Sokol” park, recreation
areas in Kamenny Log. In the area of the Oktyabrsky Bridge on the right
bank of the Voronezh River there is an extreme park, a ski station with
a lift and motocross fields. In the area of SNT "Metallurg-1" in the
north of the city there is another ski resort and an autocross track.
Beach holidays in the summer months are organized on several beaches
on the Voronezh River: “Central”, “City”, “Sokolsky”, Tractor and
Novolipetsk factories, in the area of the Silicate Lakes on areas
reclaimed by a dredger, as well as on the coast, backwaters and capes of
the Matyrsky reservoir. Amateur and training mountaineering is developed
in the area of the abandoned quarry of Stagdok OJSC.