Noginsk is located in the Moscow region. Noginsk is a regional center in the Moscow region. At the beginning of the 20th century, light industry seriously developed in the city; at that time, many civil buildings in brick style were built according to individual projects.
1 School No. 10 (Two-class school at the Bogorodsko-Glukhovskaya
manufactory of Arseny Morozov), 8 March Street, 4 (Entrance to the
school territory is open on weekdays; they are unlikely to be allowed
inside.). School building from 1908 in Art Nouveau style.
2 Factory
residential building, 8 March Street, 5. Wooden two-story apartment
building in Art Nouveau style
3 3 houses for workers, 8 March Street,
10. 3 multi-storey brick residential buildings of the early 20th
century, in the Art Nouveau style. One house is now residential, the
other two are occupied by a hospital.
4 Residential buildings on
Zhaktovskaya street, Zhaktovskaya street. Cooperative multi-storey
residential buildings of the 1920s in the constructivist style.
Structurally, transitional projects between pre-revolutionary and Soviet
architecture.
5 Maternity hospital in Glukhovo, Remeslennaya street,
1. 2-storey brick building in Art Nouveau style.
6 Ensemble of the
central square in the constructivist style, Sovetskaya street, 44. The
central square is flanked by two multi-storey residential buildings from
the early 1930s. They are almost identical, and create a harmonious
ensemble, this is rare for the Moscow region
7 Industrial buildings
of the 19th century on Rabochaya Street.
8 Monument to V.I. Lenin.
The country's first monument to the leader of the proletariat was
created during his lifetime and is not similar to the later canonical
images of Ilyich. According to one version, the monument was unveiled on
January 22, 1924. Another says that the planned January opening date had
to be pushed back a couple of months due to the death of Lenin the day
before.
9 Summer house of Arseny Morozov. The elegant house is
located deep in Glukhovsky Park. At the entrance to the park there is a
monument to Anatoly Zheleznyakov, better known as Sailor Zheleznyak. To
the left of the entrance to the park there is another Morozov mansion,
this time in winter. The Leader Hotel is located there.
10 Epiphany
Cathedral. A 19th-century cathedral with one of the tallest bell towers
in the Moscow region.
11 Development of Tikhaya Street. Wooden
houses built for the best workers of the Glukhov manufactory.
12 Glukhovskaya manufactory.
13 Former women's gymnasium,
Sovetskaya street 57. Built at the expense of the Morozovs.
14 Uspenskoye Estate. On the territory of the estate there is the
Assumption Church (1756).
1 Moscow Regional Drama and Comedy Theater, st. 3rd International,
no. 65.
2 Museum of Local Lore, Bugrova Square, 2. A modest museum
with materials on the history of the region, plus furniture and
paintings taken from neighboring estates.
By train
Suburban trains from Moscow depart from Kursky Station.
The station is located on a branch line and there are not many trains.
You can also get off at the main road in Fryazevo and take the Fryazevo
- Noginsk bus.
By bus
Buses from Moscow follow a more direct
route than the railway line, but in the 2010s there were constant
traffic jams on the road. Departure from Moscow from Partizanskaya bus
station.
Noginsk bus station, Komsomolskaya street, 26 bldg. In
addition to direct flights, you can also return to Moscow via routes via
Monino and Pavlovsky Posad.
By car
The central streets of the
city are closed to private vehicles with signs that may not be noticed.
The single-track tram was closed in 2014, but the tracks and here and there wooden overhead contact poles remain. There is a car wash in the tram depot, under this pretext you can enter the territory.
On the site of today's Noginsk, there was originally the village of
Rogozh (Old Russian: Rogozh), which was first mentioned in the second
spiritual charter of Ivan Kalita (1339): the Grand Duke bequeathed it to
his second wife Ulyana “with smaller children.”
The next mention
of the settlement is contained in the spiritual charter of Ivan III
(1504), who handed Rogozh to his son Vasily III. In 1506, Vasily III
allocated church land and the neighboring village of Mishinskaya
(Chernaya) to the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, located on
the territory of the village. In 1540, the act of transferring the land
was additionally confirmed by Ivan IV, who also included the settlement
in the Rogozhskaya Yamskaya Sloboda. Scribe books dating back to the
reign of Mikhail Fedorovich call the village Rogozha (Rogozhami) and Old
Rogozhsky Yam and provide the following information: “Yes, in the
village of Rogozha there are 38 households of hunters of the Moscow
Yamskaya Sloboda, and in them there are 92 old retired coachmen with
their children, and the Yamskaya gondola is driven in Moscow by the
Rogozhsky coachmen together.” By 1646, the number of coachman's
households increased to 44; In addition to them, the sources list “6
Bobyl households.”
On October 5 (16), 1781, Catherine II signed a
personal decree ordering the Yamskoye village of Rogozha to be renamed
to the city of Bogorodsk, which became the center of Bogorodsky
district. On January 16 (27), 1784, a commission under the Senate
approved the plan of Bogorodsk, developed by the architect Ivan Leim.
The city on the plan looked like a rectangle, covered with an earthen
rampart on three sides, and had the Klyazma River as its northern
border. According to data for 1788, in the city there were: “The Church
of the Epiphany with the chapel of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, public
places, a city school, a wine and salt barn - all wooden; houses: 2
noble houses, 5 clergy and clergy houses, 5 common houses, 28 merchant
houses, 9 town houses, 7 Yam houses, 1 brewery and 1 forge; inhabitants:
306 males, 255 females.”
In 1812, the Patriotic War began. On
September 2, Napoleon entered Moscow. A week later, the chief of staff
of the French army, Berthier, proposed to the emperor a plan for
dispersing troops throughout the districts of the Moscow province.
According to this plan, the 3rd Corps of Marshal Ney was sent to
Bogorodsky district. Peasant detachments attacked French foragers. The
detachments of the peasant Gerasim Kurin and the Vokhnovsky head Yegor
Stulov, the centurion Ivan Chushkin and the Amerevsky head Emelyan
Vasilyev not only defended the lands of the district, but also bravely
fought with the enemy. On October 1 (13), 1812, the peasant cavalry
forced the French cavalry to retreat.
On September 22 (October 4,
New Style), 1812, with the approach of the main forces of Marshal Ney,
the city of Bogorodsk was occupied by the French in battle. After
October 6 (18 Art.), after Napoleon left Moscow, Bogorodsk and the
district were finally liberated from the enemy.
At the beginning
of the 19th century, the development of factory textile production began
in Bogorodsk. In 1825, Anisim Elagin moved his silk weaving industry
from the village of Gavrilovo to the city of Bogorodsk, building the
first silk weaving factory there. In 1847, a large textile enterprise
was built - the Bogorodsko-Glukhovskaya manufactory (until 1990 - the
Glukhovskaya cotton mill). In addition, Bogorodsk was one of the
significant centers of the Old Believers near Moscow.
In 1873,
the trading house “Anisim Elagin with his sons” was founded.
Subsequently, Shalaev, Shibaev, Brunov, Zotov, Pamfilov, Sopov,
Chetverikov, Runov and other merchants opened their factories. Bogorodsk
and Bogorodsky district became a major center of textile production in
the Moscow province.
In terms of population, Bogorodsky district
was the most populous in the Moscow province. At the end of the 19th
century, there were about 212,000 people (not taking into account the
population of Bogorodsk). There were 478 factories, factories, and
commercial and industrial establishments in the county. The area of the
county was 3068.4 square meters. versts 97% of the county's residents
were employed in industry or crafts.
In 1917, under the
Provisional Government, power in the county was personified by the
county commissar S.I. Chetverikov, the dual power in the county was
quite definite, and at that time various revolutionary military
councils, working committees, Soviets, and cells of the Russian
Communist Party of Bolsheviks were already functioning. After October,
actual power was concentrated in the hands of the district committee of
the RCP. Formally, the state in the district was represented by the
Soviets. For some time, power in the district belonged to the Bogorodsk
Regional Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, from January to
March 1918 - to the District Council of Workers', Peasants' and
Soldiers' Deputies, from April 1918 to September 1929 - to the District
Council of Workers', Peasants' and Red Army Deputies, and in the period
between Congresses of Soviets - to the Executive Committee.
In
May 1917, after the February Revolution, the first chairman of the
Council of Workers' and Peasants' Deputies, Nikolai Vasilyevich Pogodin,
appeared in Bogorodsk, and he also headed the city. In October 1917,
power in Bogorodsk passed completely into the hands of the Soviet
without bloodshed.
In 1929, Bogorodsk became the center of the
Bogorodsky district, and a year later it was renamed Noginsk - in memory
of the party and statesman Viktor Pavlovich Nogin, who began his career
in 1893 at the Bogorodsko-Glukhovskaya manufactory.
On January
26, 1930, the newspapers Izvestia and Rabochaya Moskva published a
resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee “... to rename
the city of Bogorodsk and the Bogorodsk station of the Moscow-Nizhny
Novgorod railway to the city and station of Noginsk, and the Bogorodsky
district to Noginsky” in honor of the Bolshevik figure Viktor Nogin
(1878— 1924) (approved by law on March 6, 1930).
From 1929 to
1937, 8 enterprises opened in Noginsk. Among them: a gramophone record
plant, which in 1947 began producing fuel pumps (now the Noginsk Fuel
Equipment Plant, NZTA), Kardolenta (now the Rubber Products Plant, RTI),
a hosiery factory (now LLC Trade and Production Enterprise "Azhur"), New
comb factory (combing and spinning production was discontinued in 2003),
bakery (now JSC Noginsk Bread Factory). Before the Great Patriotic War,
110 three- and five-story houses with water supply, sewerage, and
central heating were built in Noginsk.
About 37,000 residents of
Noginsk defended their homeland on the fronts of the Great Patriotic
War, more than 15,000 did not return home. Over 10,000 people were
awarded government awards, including 30 Heroes of the Soviet Union and
five full holders of the Order of Glory.
In 1981, by Decree of
the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, in connection with the
200th anniversary, the city of Noginsk was awarded the Order of the Red
Banner of Labor. In 2013, by decree of the government of the Moscow
region “On approval of the list of historical settlements of regional
significance in the Moscow region,” Noginsk was given the status of a
historical settlement.
In 2011, the Noginsk region was awarded
the Badge of the Governor of the Moscow Region “Memorable Sign of the
Moscow Region” and the governor’s anniversary diploma for great
achievements in socio-economic, cultural development and in connection
with the 230th anniversary of the Bogorodsky region.
In 2015,
based on the results of assessing the effectiveness of the activities of
local governments of urban districts and municipal districts of the
Moscow region, the Noginsk district was recognized as the winner and
awarded a diploma from the Ministry of Investment and Innovation of the
Moscow Region in the category “Industrial Growth”.
In June 2000,
the Council of Deputies of the Noginsk District made a unanimous
decision “to rename Noginsk and return the city to its original name -
Bogorodsk.” However, this decision was later postponed indefinitely. In
January 2010, the Council of Deputies of the municipal formation “Urban
Settlement of Noginsk, Moscow Region” decided to instruct the
administration of the urban settlement to prepare the necessary
documents to return the historical name (renaming) of the city of
Noginsk to the city of Bogorodsk for sending to the Moscow Regional
Duma, this decision was signed by the head of the municipal education.
Later, based on the decision of the Council of Deputies of the Noginsk
Municipal District dated April 6, 2010, in the Noginsk District from
April 20 to April 29, 2010, a survey of district citizens was conducted
on the issue “On returning the Noginsk Municipal District to its
historical name - Bogorodsk.” The majority of respondents answered
negatively to this question. In addition, in accordance with paragraph
12 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December
23, 2009 No. 1074 “On the organization of the All-Russian Population
Census of 2010”, executive authorities of the constituent entities of
the Russian Federation and local governments are recommended not to
carry out transformations of administrative-territorial and
municipalities, renaming of geographical objects. In this regard, work
to return the Noginsk region to its historical name was suspended. In
2012, the process of returning the historical name was resumed. On June
28, 2012, the district Council of Deputies decided to identify the
population’s opinion on returning the historical name Bogorodsk to the
district. On July 5, a similar decision was made by the Council of
Deputies of the city of Noginsk.
On June 5, 2018, Noginsk became
the administrative center of a new municipal entity - the Bogorodsky
urban district, created within the abolished Noginsky municipal
district.
From June 30, 2018 - a city of regional subordination.
In 2021, the city was awarded the honorary title “Settlement of
Military Valor.”
There are 12 kindergartens, three nurseries, and 15 primary and
secondary general education institutions in the city. Due to the good
training of specialists at the city pedagogical college, education in
local schools is maintained at a good level, and alternative school
programs are implemented.
Special institutions include a boarding
school, a special boarding school, a sports boarding school, and an
evening school. Among the educational institutions with various
specializations, the Orthodox classical gymnasium named after Konstantin
Bogorodsky, the Lomonosov Lyceum, and the Noginsk Cadet Corps named
after. B.V. Gromova on the basis of MBOU Secondary School No. 21, music
and art schools, Hello language cultural center, private education is
also developed.
There are two vocational schools with a student
population of about 600 people (2004), four secondary specialized
educational institutions with about 2 thousand students (2004). There
are pedagogical, medical, trade-economic and polytechnic secondary
specialized educational institutions.
There are also five
universities in the city (four state and one non-state non-profit) with
3 thousand students (2004). The training of specialists with higher
education has expanded in newly created universities.
Paid
education and various specialized courses are offered by secondary
(teaching, medical and trade schools) and higher educational
institutions. There are foreign language courses. Various educational
programs are organized on the basis of the employment center, and five
driving schools operate.
At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the city was a major
center of Old Believer singing art: the Choir of Lovers of Ancient
Church Znamenny Hook Singing at the Bogorodsko-Glukhovskaya Manufactory
was active in it. Since during the period described the manufactory
belonged to the entrepreneur Arseny Ivanovich Morozov (1850-1932), the
group is also commonly called the “Morozov Old Believer Choir”, “A. I.
Morozov Choir”. The choir's repertoire consisted of liturgical chants of
various chants: Znamenny, Demestvenny, Putovy, Bolshoy, etc. In
1908-1911, the group held a series of performances in concert halls of
St. Petersburg and Moscow (Great Hall of the Moscow Conservatory), which
was an innovation: until that time, the Old Believer Liturgical singing
could only be heard during services. Following the example of the
Morozov choir, similar singing groups were organized in Rostov-on-Don,
St. Petersburg, Riga and other cities. Many vocalists of the Morozov
choir traveled as hook singing teachers to other Old Believer
communities. Some of the group's performances were recorded on
gramophone records.
The city operates the Moscow Regional Drama
and Comedy Theater (until 2012 - the Noginsk State Drama Theater).
Housed in a building built in 1915, where major renovations were carried
out from 2006 to 2010. Currently, the theater is open, but is fighting
for survival against the new director, Alexander Morozov.
The
city has four large parks. In the central one, during the summer season,
there is an area for children's entertainment (roller skating and
boarding), the second, Glukhovsky, has a boat station on the shore of
the Chernogolovsky pond. On the left bank of the Klyazma, in the upper
reaches, behind the Zarechye district, the Volkhonka dendrological park
is located.
There are also: an amateur theater for young
spectators, a House of Artists, two museums (including a local history
museum), six houses of culture, six libraries, a center for children and
youth creativity, 16 clubs and societies (tourism, poetry, dating,
etc.), a cinema " Dawn”, etc.
Of the parishes of the Russian Orthodox Church, in addition to the
Epiphany and Tikhvin Cathedrals in the city center, there is the
Assumption Church in Assumption, the Church of the Holy Martyr.
Konstantin Bogorodsky in the Oktyabrsky village and the Church of St.
Matrona Moskovskaya on Klimov Street.
There is a parish of the
UOC-KP, among the Protestant ones there are places of ministry for
Baptists, Pentecostals, the Word of Life Church, Adventists, the
Charismatic Church, and there are communities of Jehovah's Witnesses.
The Muslim religious community has been registered in Noginsk since
1996. On October 28, 2010, a mosque was opened at 35 Yuzhnaya Street,
along with a new building for a madrasah (operating since 1998).
The city is located within the coverage area of the Ostankino TV
tower and Balashikha radio tower transmitters.
From the city,
Radio Noginsk (104.9 MHz) and TVN (together with the 360° Podmoskovye TV
channel on 28 TVK) are broadcast, Radio Russia (107.2 MHz) is
rebroadcast. There is a cable television network broadcasting 30
channels.
Two municipal newspapers are published (one twice, the
other three times a week, with a total circulation of about 40 thousand
per week), a monthly newspaper of the Bogorodsky Deanery of the Russian
Orthodox Church with a circulation of 14 thousand, and several
advertising newspapers.
The main Internet providers are Flex,
ArtEx and Beeline, which also provide IP television broadcasting
services.
Fixed telephone communications are provided by the
central telecommunications center (CenterTelecom), and postal
communications are provided by a wide network of Russian Post offices.
A powerful communication line has been laid through the city through
TCMS-21146 Rostelecom (Noginsk) to M10 (Moscow), there is a satellite
communication center.
In the Glukhovo microdistrict (a village until 1917) there is a
sports complex “Znamya”, which includes an illuminated stadium with a
football field, running tracks and a concrete bicycle track, two indoor
buildings for training and competitions with a modern basketball hall, a
small football field with a high fence, hockey rink and parking lot. The
complex is located on the shore of Chernogolovsky Pond, surrounded by a
large forest area used for training, competitions and just relaxation.
The Spartak-Noginsk women's basketball team, the strongest team in the
second women's division in 2010, trains in the complex's basketball
hall.
The main football stadium, located in the Avtomobilist
sports complex, located in the city center, has stands with a capacity
of 2000 people. The stadium is the home of the Znamya team; from 2001 to
2009, the Nadezhda women's club also trained here. In addition to the
football field, the complex includes running tracks, an outdoor tennis
court with rubber coating, a mini-football court, gymnastics equipment
and an unfinished indoor building, and there is another small football
field next to the complex.
There is a small sports complex
“Start” with a stadium in Domozhirovo, a stadium with an outdoor
basketball court on Oktyabrsky and a stadium in Istomkino.
There
is a Children's and Youth Sports School in the city, one of the school's
students is football player Renat Yanbaev. There are many sports
sections and schools, the most famous of which is the Boxing School.
There is a station for young tourists that supports active
recreation, including sports tourism and extracurricular education.
In the 1990s, on the basis of ROSTO (DOSAAF) on the city pond,
motorboat competitions were held in the youth class.