Ola is an urban-type settlement, an administrative center and the largest settlement of the Olsky district and the corresponding urban district of the Magadan region.
The village is located 33 km east of Magadan, at the mouth of the Ola River, on the coast of the Tauiskaya Bay of the Sea of Okhotsk.
In 1925 on the roads of Ola stood "Red Pennant". The head of the Far
Eastern Regional OGPU, V. A. Abramov, gathered representatives of the
nomadic Even clans at the I volost congress. January 4, 1926
Ola
became the center of the new district. Communist M.D. Petrov was invited
as the chairman of the district executive committee. By this time,
miners who had heard about the gold were going through the Ola to the
Kolyma.
In the early morning of July 4, 1928, Yu.A. Bilibin's
expedition landed here from the old Japanese steamship "Daiboshimaru",
chartered by the Soviet Trade Fleet, which began the era of the
systematic development of the Kolyma. Ola gave the first guides to
Soviet geologists. The expedition was led by an experienced Yakut hunter
Makar Medov. Later, Germogen Amosov and Petr Popov became guides. The
Olchans collected horses for the expedition.
The life of the
village has also changed - new people have appeared, supplies have
improved. And in the neighborhood, the village of Nagaevo with a
deep-water port was already growing, and gradually the role of Ola as a
launching pad for the development of Kolyma began to decline.
In
1931 the collective farm "Way of the North" is created, the first
seven-year school is being built. The next year, the Olsky point of the
Main Directorate of Construction in the Far East was formed, which
played a big role in the life of the village. Pier, roads. greenhouses
were built at an accelerated pace. Residents saw a tractor, a car for
the first time. In 1935 a new school was built, diesel power plants
appeared. Olsk fairs have resumed. In 1937 Dalstroevsky state farm "Ola"
is organized.
During the war, the village switched to
self-supply. Fish catch has doubled. An airstrip is under construction.
Funds are being raised for the construction of the Olsky Kolkhoznik
squadron. Many olchane went to the front.
In the fifties, the capital
road Magadan-Ola was being built. The village becomes a leader in
catching and processing fish. The Olsk fish factory, which included the
fish factories of Atargan, Sakharnaya Lolovka, Bogurchan, Siglan,
Ust-Ola, served the Dnepr and De-Kastri floating bases. With the ban on
herring fishing in Ola, only a fish factory with workshops in Atargan
and Sugar Loaf remains. In 1971 a canning shop was opened on it, and for
the first time in the region, the sale of fish products began at
MaiepiiK.
But Ola became famous not only for the riches of the
sea. The collective farm gave the village and the city potatoes,
carrots, and beets. The former state farm was transferred to the Magadan
Zonal Research Institute of Agriculture of the North-East.
Poultry farms of the "OP" pilot production farm sent products to
Yakutia, Khabarovsk Territory. Here the highest milk yields and the
highest potato yields were achieved. At the same time, the industry that
was once traditional for the region - reindeer breeding - completely
disappeared.
In 1960, on the basis of the Olsky state farm, the
Regional Experimental Agricultural Station was created. It is equipped
with the latest equipment for analysis and counting. At the station -
correspondence postgraduate studies. Representatives of many
nationalities come to study at the Olsky Agricultural College from all
over the region, from Kamchatka, from Yakutia, and primarily from among
the indigenous peoples of the North.
There are now hundreds of
qualified teachers and medical workers in the area. The local ensemble
"Lel" is known outside the region. The Olsk Folk Theater puts on modern
plays, performs in Magadan and on the all-Russian stage.
A local
history museum has been established in the village. The pride of Ola and
Magadan was the outstanding boxer Viktor Rybakov and the master of
sports of international class speed skater Marina Koltsova.
There
is a Palace of Culture, a cinema in the village. Ola is the
administrative center of the southernmost seaside agrarian district of
the Magadan Region, an urban-type working settlement with a population
of about nine thousand people.
It houses a fish factory, RSU,
SMU, a building materials plant, a mechanized mobile column, an OPH, the
editorial office of the regional newspaper "Dawn of the North", a
district bytkompnat, a forestry enterprise, a fish breeding plant and a
poultry farm.
Ola has a
harsh subarctic climate.
Average annual air temperature - -5.0 °
C
Relative air humidity - 77.0%
Average wind speed - 4.3 m / s