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Pionerskiy (until 1946 - Neukuren, German. Neukuhren, Polish. Kurowo, lit. Kuršiai, formerly. East Prussia) is a resort town and seaport in the Kaliningrad region of the Russian Federation. The city of Pionersky is located on the Amber Coast. Pionerskiy is a resort city, a fishing port on the Baltic coast. It is located near Svetlogorsk, adjoins the latter from the east. A small quiet town with several specialized health facilities of Soviet times. There are no special attractions, good beaches are a continuation of Svetlogorsk. Until 1946, the city had the German historical name Neukuren.
City Historical and Archaeological Museum "Rantava"
The City
Historical and Archaeological Museum "Rantava" hosts exhibitions,
meetings with interesting people, documentary videos about the city
of Pioneer and its inhabitants are shown.
Neukuren post
office
The post office building was built in Neukuren at the
beginning of the 20th century. By Decree of the Government of the
Kaliningrad Region of March 23, 2007 No. 132, the post office
received the status of a cultural heritage site of local (municipal)
significance. Located on Komsomolskaya street, 15. Currently, the
first floor of the building is used for its intended purpose,
residential apartments are located on the second and third floors.
Monument to the Aviators of the Baltic
The monument to the
aviators of the Baltic was erected on Shamanova Street in May 2015
in order to perpetuate the memory of the units of the Air Force of
the twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet, which were based in the post-war
years on the territory of the modern city of Pionersky.
The
center of the composition is the Il-2 diving attack aircraft. A
metal structure carrying a five times smaller model of a military
aircraft imitates attacking enemy positions. In the foreground of
the composition, a granite commemorative slab with the inscription:
"To the Aviators of the Baltic" is obliquely installed. The area in
front of the monument is paved with paving slabs, benches are
installed on the sides. There is an information stand at the
sidewalk in front of the monument.
Memorial complex at the
mass grave of Soviet soldiers
The mass grave was formed during
the fighting. In the post-war years, the remains of 10 warriors from
military graves in Kulikovo, and 1 warrior from Zaostrovye were
reburied in a mass grave. More than 170 soldiers were buried. The
monument on the mass grave in Pioneer was erected in 1950, the
memorial complex by the architects Yu. Flyagin and L. Safonova was
created in 1971, rebuilt in 2010.
A low, rectangular terrace
measuring 15 by 20 m is lined with concrete slabs. In the center of
the composition is an obelisk depicting flying cranes and an
inscription.
To the left of the obelisk there is a memorial
wall with memorial plaques with the names of the buried soldiers
installed on it, in front of the wall there is a bowl of Eternal
Flame. To the right of the obelisk is a wall with a memorial plaque
with the names of the buried, in front of which there is a flower
bed.
By Decree of the Government of the Kaliningrad Region of
March 23, 2007 No. 132, the memorial complex on the mass grave of
Soviet soldiers received the status of a cultural heritage site of
local (municipal) significance.
The names of a number of
servicemen who died in various districts of the region, as well as
in Poland (Bartenstein, Braunsberg, Elbing) are erroneously entered
on the slabs of the memorial.
Monument to the fisherman
The monument to the fisherman is now installed in Pionerskoye at the
entrance to the city from the side of the Primorskoye Koltso
highway. Initially, the monument was installed in the center of the
fountain on a plinth of boulders in Krantz on the site of the modern
cafe "Wind Rose". From the postwar period until 2015, the monument
was located at the turn to Pionersky along the
Kaliningrad-Svetlogorsk highway.
Monument to the glory of the
sailors
The monument is located in the city near the city
historical and archaeological museum "Rantava". In the center of the
composition there is a boulder with a memorial plaque, to the right
and left of which anchors are located on stone pedestals. The
inscription on the memorial plaque was written by I. Pantyukhov.
Monument to participants of local wars
The monument to the
participants of local wars was erected in Pionerskoye to the north
of the administration building of the city district. In the center
of a flower bed, round in plan, a boulder is installed on a low
three-stage pedestal, on the front side of which a bas-relief and
commemorative plaques with inscriptions are fixed:
“Participants in local wars. Cuba, Egypt, Syria, Angola,
Afghanistan, Chechnya.
Ilyin P.V., Egorov A.M.”
Lenin
monument
The monument to Vladimir Ilyich Lenin was erected in
Pionerskoye on Komsomolskaya Street near the building of the
children's orthopedic sanatorium.
Monument to Kalinin
The
bust of Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin was installed in Pionerskoye in
the 1960s.
Cheek stone
The cheek stone is a boulder,
located in the Rosenschlucht gorge (Rose Gorge), not far from Cape
Bathing. It can be seen when going down the path to the sea, on the
right side. "Wangenstein" - this was the name of this megalith in
the pre-war period, which in German means "Stone-Cheek".
Stone of Lies
The Stone of Lies is a giant boulder stone, split
into two unequal parts, located on the left bank of the Chistaya
(Lakbakh) River, known for several centuries. The stone owes its
name to a legend dating back to Prussian times: a person who told a
lie would not be able to pass through the crevice.
There is a
version that in ancient times the stone served as an entrance to the
territory of the sanctuary or burial place.
Temple of the
Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of God
The first mention of the area where Neukuhren is
located dates back to 1254. Moreover, the "Chronicle" of the Teutonic
Order speaks of the village of Rantau (now the village of Zaostrovye,
located within the city of Pioneer). The name "Neukuren" appears in
historical documents much later and is interpreted by historians in
different ways. Some argue that it was formed by the merger of the two
words “new” and “kuren” (presumably, the Teutons called this area based
on the name of the Baltic tribe of the Curonian Kurs). According to
another version, the name is based on the name of the process of
erecting wooden buildings - "buttaskura" - "kura" - "create", "create",
that is, literally - "new building").
The founders of Neukuren,
the crusaders of the Teutonic Order, came to the land of the Prussians
around 1252. The very same history of this ancient region begins 4
thousand years before those events - at the beginning of the 2nd
millennium BC, when the lands around the present Pioneer were inhabited
by the most ancient ancestors of the Prussians. Gradually, the culture
of the Western Baltic burial mounds is being formed here. The land
around Pionersky was considered sacred, it was protected, burial mounds
were erected on it, some of which are still being studied by scientists.
The subject of worship among the Prussians were mighty oaks. The dunes
around Pionersky were also considered sacred. After all, only here is a
cluster of springs with crystal clear drinking water. The dunes were
perceived as an area close to the afterlife, from where sacred water
enters the world of people. In the vicinity, attracted by the
possibility of amber fishing, settlers arrived, whom some scientists
consider the distant ancestors of modern Slavs. At the beginning of our
era, the Prussians for the first time began to mine amber in a quarry
way and founded the ancient settlement of Rantava.
The presence
of numerous archeological monuments of various periods testifies to the
settlement of this territory in antiquity: the burial mounds of the
Bronze Age near the village of Zaostrovye, the burial ground of the
II-VIII centuries “Good”, on which a sanctuary of the end of the III
millennium BC was found. e., a settlement of the 7th-12th centuries
within the city, the ancient settlement "Helle" of the 10th-13th
centuries east of the city, on a cape at the confluence of the stream
into the Zabava River and others (surveyed by V.I. Kulakov in 1975).
After the plague
The town lost almost all of its inhabitants in
1709 due to the plague. Already at the end of the 18th century,
Neukuhren again had 107 inhabitants living in 16 houses, and in 1858 the
village had 39 houses and 140 inhabitants. Neukuren's rapid development
from a fishing village to a frequented holiday destination was primarily
due to the establishment of a spa in Krantz in 1816. Many Königsberg
families began to visit the relatively conveniently located Neukuhren.
Since there were no wells in Neukuren at that time (water was obtained
from cisterns), it was necessary to separately agree on its purchase,
which increased the price of living.
In 1837, Neukuhren became a
well-known balneological resort for families. The first four buildings
of the resort complex were founded in the village by a businessman
Douglas, who was previously engaged in amber mining. Stocks of amber
were depleted, and he started a spa business.
Traveling to Neukuhren before the construction of the
Samland railway was quite cumbersome. The opening of the
Königsberg-Neukuren-Varniken railway line in 1899 caused a sharp
increase in the number of tourists in Neukuren. For example, in 1926
there were up to 5 thousand of them per season.
In 1900, two
railway lines were introduced: to Koenigsberg and Kranz (the current
city of Zelenogradsk). Herbert Brust (1900-1968), composer of the East
Prussian anthem Ostpreussenlied, was born in Neukuhren in 1900.
In 1902, a fishing port was built in Vanger Bay, and a salmon spawning
zone was organized.
In 1906, 15 coastal protection structures
("breakwaters") were built to strengthen the beaches.
Immediately
after the opening of both railway lines (the second - to Kranz - was
built in 1907), the increase in visits to Neukuren by holidaymakers
became even more noticeable. Soon new country houses and guest yards
appeared. The largest of them - the Strandhotel ("Hotel on the coast") -
burned down after construction, only the Strandhalle ("Hall on the
coast") has survived from it. Also, the Richter guest house burned down
in 1905, but already six months later the community acquired a plot next
to the gardens in order to build a Kurhaus on this square until the
spring of 1907, which later gained fame as one of the most beautiful
buildings in Samland. The community and patrons who patronized the
resort shared the costs.
In the 1920s, due to the changed
political and economic situation, the Kurhaus turned out to be
unprofitable for the Neukuren community.
Among other socially
significant buildings of Neukuren, it is necessary to name the gas
station and water supply system laid down in 1913. Previously, during
the summer months, worship was held in the hall of the Kurhaus or in its
garden structures; later, the Königsberg pastors read sermons every
second Sunday in the summer in the Kurhaus, and in the winter in the
House of Empress Augusta Victoria. The desire to separate from the main
church of St. Lorenz was clearly expressed: the construction of a church
was envisaged in Neukuhren and even a place was determined for it, but
the First World War disrupted these plans.
An active work to
improve the landscape of Neukuren was carried out together with the
administration of the community by the society of landscape designers.
It took care of the buildings of Seeberg (currently Czech Republic).
Neukuhren also owes landscape designers the acquisition in 1919 of a
small pine forest, which was declared a protected natural monument. The
society initiated the adoption of local regulations, according to which
all houses were ordered to have a front garden and determined the
procedure for protecting old tree plantings - all this was supposed to
preserve the character of a garden city.
A whole colony of villas
was soon built in the area of the station towards the seashore. Among
the hotels, the Kurhaus stood out with a marine aquarium, which included
34 separate aquariums with marine plants, fish and animals. In addition,
in Neukuren in 1926 there were five more hotels and four boarding
houses, and in 1935 there were six boarding houses and the same number
of hotels. Among the well-known architects who worked in Neukuren and
its environs are K. Frick, M. Schoenwald and others.
Despite the
rapid development of Neukuren as a resort, he retained a fishing
specialization, although the Samland coast was not always favorable for
fishing. For example, during the years 1886-1896, due to storms, the
Neukurenians lost one steamer, one sailing ship, four salmon boats, 32
fishing boats and four other vehicles due to storms.
When plans
began to be made for a protective port of refuge on the Samland coast in
the 1890s, Neukuhren was chosen. There were built two breakwaters with a
length of 300 to 400 m. At that time, this small fishing port was the
only one on the coast from Pillau through Brewsterort to Memel. The
depth of the harbor was 3.5 m and was suitable for small steamers.
Unfortunately, the port, put into operation in 1904, turned out to be
dangerous for ships to enter in strong winds. Additional funds had to be
invested to equip the port in a safe haven for ships. Despite its
shortcomings, the port still provided great support to offshore
fisheries. Among other things, twenty motor boats were assigned to it,
which in other years had a very profitable catch.
An
amber-bearing vein and an amber quarry were located near the Neukuren
gorge Heinrichsschlucht. Buildings of the port construction department
were built on its dumps, and in 1921 seven double houses of fishing
colonists appeared.
A significant undertaking for the protection
of the Neukuren seashore was the construction of fifteen long buns
(breakwaters), begun in 1906, twelve of which were to be maintained by
the state, and three by the community. The buns had a favorable effect
on the expansion of the beach strip, which reached a width of about 100
m and turned out to be the widest on the entire Samland coast. The
advantages of Neukuren also included a beautiful view of the harbor,
many playgrounds and tennis courts, a nature reserve in the valley of
Salmon Creek. Due to the excellent mineral water, the resort was
especially appreciated by diabetics, and sea bathing and a quiet quiet
life in this small resort town were prescribed by doctors for people
suffering from nervous diseases.
In 1910, a kurgauz (now the
Pionersk sanatorium) was built - the center of the resort life of the
village. Numerous gaming, billiard and bathing halls, several dozen
aquariums with flora and fauna of the Baltic Sea were at the service of
vacationers.
In 1924, the construction of the harbor of the
seaport closed by moles was completed.
In 1935, a ground airfield
was built on the outskirts of the village, whose support services
stretched from Neukuren to Rantau (within the boundaries of the modern
city of Pionersky). The barracks buildings of the airfield were used as
quarters for a military aviation regiment, and a pilot school was also
located here.
All these changes in the life of the former quiet
fishing village led to the fact that the number of local residents
increased from 1030 people in 1935 to 3 thousand in 1942. Neukuhren
belonged to the Samland district of the Königsberg government district.
Neukuren was occupied by units of the 292nd and 576th
rifle regiments of the 115th division (Major General A.P. Blinov) on the
afternoon of April 14, 1945. The city was defended by the 551st Infantry
Division of the Wehrmacht, which retreated to Neukuren. However, as a
result of the skillful actions of the personnel of the 115th division
with minimal losses (all nine divisions of the 2nd Guards Army lost 94
killed on April 14), more than 500 German soldiers and officers were
taken prisoner in Neukuren alone. On the same day, the city of Raushen
was also taken by units of the 292nd regiment. The exemplary actions of
the 115th Kholmsky Red Banner Division became an example of a
breakthrough in the prepared enemy defense and became the subject of
study in military science.
In the modern Pionerskoe, the names of
war heroes who fought in the skies over the Baltic are immortalized.
Among them are N. F. Afanasiev, E. G. Geptner, A. Ya. Efremov, P. A.
Kolesnik, V. A. Merkulov, A. I. Renzaev, S. I. Smolkov, P. F.
Streletsky, A. P. Chernyshev, I. G. Shamanov and others.
The Neukuren resort was slightly damaged during the hostilities.
Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of June 17,
1947 "On the formation of rural Soviets, cities and workers' settlements
in the Kaliningrad region" and of July 25, 1947 "On the
administrative-territorial structure of the Kaliningrad region" fixed
its renaming into the "resort village Pionersky" which became part of
the Primorsky region. The city of Pionersky will become five years
later, although already in August 1950 the regional executive committee,
in connection with the significant development of the economy and the
increase in the population in the resort village, applied to the
Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR with a request to include
Pionersky among the cities of regional subordination.
In 1947,
the Pioneer Village Council was created, which was subordinate to the
Primorsky District Council. The primary task of the local authorities
was to improve the urban economy. And although since the autumn of 1946
a children's (originally a bone-tuberculosis) sanatorium of the Ministry
of Health of the RSFSR has been operating here (presumably, it was its
“children's” profile that determined the choice of the name of the
village), there was no talk of any other development of the resort
theme.
As of September 1947, there was a railway station and an
ice-free harbor, and a fish processing plant was operating (since July
1945).
In 1947, the Trawl Fleet Administration (UTF) was
separated from the fish processing plant into an independent enterprise,
an enterprise that determined the life of Pionersky and its inhabitants
for many years. At the same time, a seaport was created on the site of
the harbor, the construction of which began in 1948.
The main
task of the UTF was fishing. In 1948, the enterprise had 61
minesweepers, 456 people worked on it. The catch for the first year of
the existence of the UTF amounted to 40 thousand centners, which was a
successful result. In 1951, the fleet of the enterprise was replenished
with medium-sized fishing trawlers, on which access to the waters of the
Atlantic was carried out.
On December 26, 1952, the resort
village of Pionersky was transformed into a city of regional
subordination, which was still part of the Primorsky district. In 1953,
the first elections to the City Council of Working People's Deputies
were held - as a result, a Pioneer City Executive Committee consisting
of 9 people was elected.
The life of the townspeople of those
years was complicated by the lack of water (the problem of water supply
was removed only by 1955) and electricity, the virtual absence of
trading organizations, the depreciation of the housing stock, etc.
elementary school, bathhouse, kindergarten for 100 children, more than
50 houses have been built. Radiofication of the city was carried out,
the reconstruction of electrical networks was carried out, two artesian
wells were launched, work was in full swing to equip the fishing port.
And the only outlets in the city for a long time remained the shops of
the Pioneer Fish Cooperative. By the mid-1950s, the network of health
care institutions consisted of a medical center, a SES, and a 15-bed
hospital with a maternity ward that opened back in March 1948.
By
the end of the 1950s, it had everything for a completely comfortable
stay: a hospital, secondary, evening and correspondence schools, three
kindergartens, a nursery, two libraries, a hotel, a canteen and a
restaurant were under construction. The rest of the townspeople was
provided by the Sailors' House of Culture with an auditorium and a dance
hall. The roads Zelenogradsk-Romanovo-Pionersky and
Svetlogorsk-Pionersky were repaired. Transport links were also
established with the regional center.
In the early 1960s, the
city changed noticeably: a park was landscaped, flower beds were
planted, and a large number of green spaces were planted. In terms of
sanitary condition, Pionersky came out on top among the cities of the
Zelenograd zone.
In 1963, the Trawl Fleet Administration was
renamed the Pioneer Base of the Oceanic Fishing Fleet (PBOF). The base
at the time of its creation had a fishing fleet of 75 vessels, its catch
in 1963 amounted to 613 thousand centners, and the number of employees
was 1787 people.
According to the Decree of the Presidium of the
Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR "On the enlargement of the districts of the
Kaliningrad region" dated February 1, 1963, the Pioneer City Council was
transferred to the Zelenograd City Council. And two years later,
according to the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the
RSFSR of January 12, 1965, it became subordinate to the Svetlogorsk City
Council. All subsequent decades of the Soviet era (until 1993) Pionersky
will be part of the Svetlogorsk resort and industrial zone.
By
the decision of the regional executive committee in 1963, the boundaries
of the city were approved, and in 1965 - the planning project for
Pionersky (the detailed planning project will be approved in 1971). The
document proposed dividing the city into a southern residential area,
where most of the population would live, and a central resort area, with
the organization of residential areas and microdistricts. The plan
determined the growth of the city's population in the future up to 20
thousand people. The area of the city at that time was 7 km².
In
the sixties, much attention was paid to the development of the social
sphere and the improvement of cultural and community services for the
population. During these years, the city House of Culture and a music
school were opened; a new store "Culinary and semi-finished products",
was put into operation after the reconstruction of the Inter-flight rest
house for fishermen, an "Ambulance" point was organized at the hospital;
the Kaliningrad-Pionersky Kurort railway line was put into operation, a
number of houses were supplied with gas. New trading pavilions are
opening for the sale of vegetables, juices, ice cream. In 1966, the
trading organization of the city, the Rybkoop, was awarded the challenge
Red Banner of the Republican Consumer Cooperatives. There are no
problems with the supply of goods to the population by this time.
By the mid-1960s, consumer services for the population had also
improved. The consumer services complex could offer residents the
services of an atelier, a hairdresser's, a watch and shoe shop, and
photography.
Despite the presence of a children's orthopedic
sanatorium, which was one of the largest institutions in the country of
its profile (in which the famous surgeon M. B. Dribinsky performed many
operations), Pionersky had very little in common with what is commonly
understood by the word "resort". Of course, there has always been a wide
beach and sea. But there were also border guards, several military
units, a school of aviation mechanics (later - a school of junior
aviation specialists). And even the issue in 1971 of a resolution of the
Council of Ministers of the RSFSR on conferring the status of a resort
of republican significance to Pionerskoye had little effect on the
formation of conditions for organized recreation here. Pionersky, of
course, continued to develop, but it was the development of social and
cultural infrastructure, rather than a city of fishermen and the
military, rather than a resort. In the early 1970s a new 120-bed
hospital equipped with modern medical equipment, a pharmacy, the Mayak
cinema, a repair center for complex household appliances were built, and
the construction of a new music school building was completed. Of the
"resort" events, one can name the arrangement of the beach, the
construction of a dance floor, the opening of a city park, the
appearance of children's attractions, and the active landscaping of the
city.
The main achievements of the pioneers were associated with
the development of fisheries. In the 1970s, the Pioneer Base of the
Oceanic Fleet became known far beyond the region. At that time, it was
the largest fish processing enterprise in the country, its vessels
fished throughout the Atlantic and in some areas of the Pacific Ocean.
Three times in 1977, her team was awarded first place in the All-Union
Socialist Competition and the challenge Red Banner of the Ministry of
Fisheries of the USSR and the Central Committee of the Trade Union of
Food Industry Workers.
The eighties were years of progressive
development of Pionersky. The construction of combined treatment
facilities with biological treatment for the three resort towns of the
coast was in full swing. It was decided to disable 30 small city
boilers, building one that runs on gas. A 1200-meter water pipe was
laid, the reconstruction of the Dolphin restaurant was completed, and in
1980 Pionersky became one of the points on the route of the 1400-mile
yacht race for the Baltic Sea Cup (Leningrad - Tallinn - Pionersky -
Riga). The city became more and more attractive for life, but the urban
population grew slowly: in 1989, about 12 thousand people lived in
Pionerskoye (with a slight increase in area to 7.7 sq. km). The Pioneer
Base of the Oceanic Fleet remained the city-forming enterprise, which by
its 40th anniversary had turned into a large fishing and fish processing
enterprise in the Western Basin, which included the Leningrad Region,
Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. In 1987, PBORF owned a fishing fleet of
90 units, the workforce consisted of 5413 people, the volume of fish
production was 184 thousand tons per year, the production of fish
products - 123,530 tons per year.
Residents of the city met the new decade with attempts
to "self-determine". First, in 1990, deputies of the city council raised
questions about changing the status of the city and about the withdrawal
of the Pioneer city council from subordination to the Svetlogorsk City
Council of People's Deputies. The following year, a decision was made
“On granting the city of Pionersky the status of a city of regional
subordination,” which provided for an appeal to the Svetlogorsk City
Council with a request to delegate appropriate powers to the Pionersky
City Council, and to the regional executive committee with a request to
grant Pionersky the status of a city of regional subordination. On June
12, 1991, a city referendum was held, in which 80% of the population
voted for the administrative independence of the city.
As part of
the reform of the city management system in 1992, the first head of the
city of Pionersky, P. V. Doronin, was appointed; The executive committee
of the Pioneer City Council of People's Deputies was abolished. The City
Council continued to function, having become, since 1993, an exclusively
representative body of local self-government; and in the same year,
Pionersky received independence, becoming a city of regional
subordination. In 1996, the status of the city was fixed as an
administrative-territorial unit of the Kaliningrad region - the
municipality "Pionersky City".
During this period, the
townspeople faced very serious problems, primarily related to the
situation at the city-forming enterprise - the base of the ocean fishing
fleet. In the 1990s, the enterprise was incorporated, having received
the name of Pioneer Base Okeanrybflot JSC. But, without receiving state
subsidies for industrial fishing in remote areas of fishing, the
enterprise became unprofitable and soon broke up into a number of small
organizations of non-state ownership. Life in the city froze: wage debts
appeared, the construction of some important objects for the city was
suspended - the long-awaited promenade, sports complex, etc.
At
the same time, in the 1990s, the life of the city was filled with events
of a different tone. So, back in 1985-1992, on the outskirts of
Pionersky, on the "Mount of the Giants" - the oldest burial place of the
Prussians - the Baltic expedition of the Institute of Archeology of the
USSR Academy of Sciences worked. Her finds turned out to be very
valuable: some date back to the 4th-5th centuries BC. e. The bulk of the
finds were transferred to the Kaliningrad Regional Museum of History and
Art, and the finds that came from burials previously looted by "black
diggers" were donated to the city. On December 1, 1993, the presentation
of the city historical and archaeological museum "Rantava" (according to
the ancient name of this place) took place, the main part of the
exposition of which was made up of unique archaeological finds.
In the 2000s, production gradually began to revive in Pionerskoye. Of
course, it was far from the former scale, but still there was hope for
overcoming the depression in the economy. A new impetus was given to the
construction of small vessels at Pionerskaya Shipyard LLC. The port
started working again, on the basis of which CJSC "Port" was created.
Organized in the late 1990s on the basis of the production department of
the Okeanrybflot base, the Fishering Service enterprise began to
successfully develop in the field of production and supply of fishing
equipment, fishing gear, general ship supplies, already in the 2000s
becoming a leader among similar manufacturers not only in Russia, but
also Europe.
In 2004, the municipality "Pionersky City" was given
the status of an urban district (confirmed by the regional law in 2009).
From now on, the executive body of local self-government became known as
the administration of the Pioneer city district. In 2000, R. A. Sagaeva
was elected to the post of head of local self-government (mayor); The
Council of Deputies of the Pioneer City District (Chairman A. S. Kuzin)
became the representative body of local self-government.
Despite
all the economic upheavals, the leading place in the industrial sector
was still occupied by the food industry: the extraction, processing and
processing of fish, the production of canned food, frozen fish products.
The production of meat products has also been added to the traditional
fish processing. Sectoral employment of the urban population as of 2007
was as follows:
8% - food, processing industry;
3% - production of
fishing gear;
5% - organization of fishing;
16% - trade and public
catering;
15% - education, culture;
13% - housing and communal
services;
11% - ensuring military security;
5% - other.
In
the 2000s, positive dynamics began to be observed in the field of
housing construction, however, as a rule, commercial. In 2005-2007,
29,000 km² of housing was put into operation in the Pioneer City
District municipality. The city was fully provided with the necessary
capacities for electricity, water, gas supply (network natural gas) and
sewerage, but the utility networks that required reconstruction were
still characterized by a high degree of wear and tear.
In
Pionerskoye, for many years, the construction of a promenade was carried
out, which also performs a bank protection function. Now its length is
1.5 km.
In 2009, the construction of the state residence of the
Russian Federation "Yantar" began in Pionerskoye.
How to get here
By train
By direct train from Kaliningrad or by train
Kaliningrad-Svetlogorsk to the station Pionersky-Resort.
By
bus
The city has a bus service to Kaliningrad, Svetlogorsk,
Yantarny, Zelenogradsk, Baltic and other settlements of the region.
The main hotels are located in nearby Svetlogorsk.
Guest yard
"Pilgrim", p. Zaostrovie, Pionerskaya str., 2. Hotel on the eastern
edge of the city.
Cruise Hostel (Хруиз Хостел), 7 ul. Parkovaya. +74012971203. Dorms from 500 Ruble.
Cafe Traktr (Кафе Тракир), 11a ul. Komcomolskaya. +74015521338. All the Russian favorites at reasonable prices.
A feature of the city is the combination of industrial and sanatorium zones. Here is the only federal children's orthopedic sanatorium in Russia. The ice-free fishing port determines the direction of production activities, has an open access to the Baltic Sea. Pionersky urban district is one of the most industrially developed municipalities in the region. There are 87 industrial enterprises, 41 construction, 13 transport and 74 trade organizations registered here. The leading place in the industry is occupied by the food industry: the extraction, processing and processing of fish, the production of canned food, frozen fish products, the provision of cargo transportation services, as well as the production of meat products. Promising are the further development of the fishing and processing industries, recreation, as well as the transfer of the port to a wider profile, including servicing passenger ships and yachts.
The climate of Pionerskoye is transitional from temperate maritime to
temperate continental with mild winters and relatively cool summers.
There is a significant amount of precipitation throughout the year. The
Köppen climate classification is Cfb. The average annual water
temperature is +8.9 °C, air +7.4 °C. The average annual rainfall is 740
mm.
The driest month is April with 35 mm of precipitation. Most
of the precipitation falls in August, with an average of 84 mm. The
warmest month of the year is July, with an average temperature of +17.3
°C. The average temperature in January is −2.7 °C, the lowest average
temperature during the year.