Rybinsk

 

Location: Yaroslavl Oblast

 

Description of Rybinsk

Rybinsk is located in the Yaroslavl region on the banks of the Volga, next to the dam of the reservoir of the same name. The second largest city in the region and the administrative center of the Rybinsk region.

Rybinsk is not one of the cities of the Golden Ring, and it is not particularly favored by cruises on the Volga, although in general the city is very interesting and unusual - the only one in Central Russia that grew up on the Volga trade, and therefore in some ways resembles the cities of the Volga region. The old, pre-revolutionary buildings, wooden and stone mansions, Orthodox churches and even a church have been well preserved here. You can also combine sightseeing in the city with a vacation in one of the country holiday homes, sanatoriums or park hotels located on the Volga River, Cheremukha and the Rybinsk Reservoir. The picturesque nature of the surrounding area attracts tourists from Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Yaroslavl.

In recent years, the historical center of the city has been actively reconstructed while preserving the historical buildings and surroundings. Cleanliness and pre-revolutionary signs on shops across Yat add charm and surprise tourists who come here.

 

Climate

Due to the proximity of the reservoir, the city's humidity is high, exacerbating the effects of low temperatures in winter. There have been no severe winters in recent years. Winter is relatively mild, lasting four to five months, with frequent thaws. Summer begins in the second half of May and lasts approximately 3.5 months. In summer, especially in July, it can be very hot - up to +30 °C. The average long-term temperature in January is −8.8 °C, in July +18.8 °C.

 

Orientation

The city is located on the Mologo-Sheksna Lowland in a flat area along the Volga River near the Rybinsk Reservoir and has a length of approximately 22 kilometers and a width of no more than 6 kilometers. The historical part of the city has retained the regular layout of the late 18th - early 19th centuries. with a rectangular network of streets tied to the direction of the Volga embankment, and is built up mainly with two- and three-story houses according to “exemplary” projects in the classicist style adopted at that time in the Russian Empire.

The central and most interesting part of the city stretches along the Volga and is roughly limited by the railway and the Cheremukha River in the south and east, and Svoboda Street in the west. Outside the center, in addition to residential buildings, quite large areas are occupied by industrial zones. On the outskirts of the city there are typical microdistricts, which in rare cases can be interesting. However, especially inquisitive travelers go to Perebory to visit the locks, and the Volzhsky microdistrict on the left bank of the Volga is of interest to lovers of nostalgia for the atmosphere of the USSR. The Zavolzhye area on the left side of the Volga behind the bridge at the sights is poor.

The two main streets of the city with attractions are Volzhskaya Embankment and Krestovaya Street, parallel to it, which turns into Bolshaya Kazanskaya on one side and Lenin Avenue on the other. 60% of attractions are concentrated in the vicinity of these highways.

 

Sights

Streets and squares

Volzhskaya embankment. The length is about 3 km. A favorite walking place for townspeople and tourists. There is a rental of roller skates, bicycles (about 200 rubles/hour), and sports equipment (Volzhskaya Embankment St., 167).
Krestovaya Street (the main historical street of the city). Interesting pre-revolutionary buildings and shop signs, decorated in the style of the late 19th century.
1  Red Square. In the 19th century it was the center of trade in Rybinsk. The buildings of the Red and Muchny Gostiny Dvors have been preserved. Successfully reconstructed in 2017.
2  Cathedral Square. Historically, the central square of the city, on which the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral is located, and from which Krestovaya, Boulevard and Bol diverge. Kazanskaya street.
The area named after Derunova (formerly Yubileynaya) (by public transport to the Derunova Square stop or on foot). Probably the largest square in the city, where there is the largest city fountain, a monument to Derunov and the building of the aviation college, built in 1905 as a technical school. In 2021, instead of the outdated fountain with a bowl, a flat fountain with lighting was installed. The square itself was also completely renovated. Currently, the most significant city events take place on this square.
Boulevard street (Cheremukhi embankment). Along the street from Cathedral Square to Sovetskaya Square, where the Amusement Park is located, it is easy to walk along the Cheremukha River Embankment through a green square. The area of the park is clean, but is in disrepair and needs reconstruction and restoration.
Sovetskaya Square (former Teatralnaya Square). At the end of the 19th century, there was a city drama theater near the square, which burned down and was dismantled into bricks. There is also a very beautiful building of the merchant Myrkin, or as it is also called, the Moorish Castle. The square is not pedestrian and is used for traffic.

 

Historical architecture

3  The building of the new grain exchange, Volzhskaya embankment, 2. In the 19th century, the Rybinsk grain exchange was the largest in Russia. Currently, the Rybinsk State Historical, Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve is located here.
4  Fire tower, Stoyalaya street, 30. With a height of 48 meters, the Rybinsk tower is one of the highest in Russia. Built in 1912. No tours available.
House of Artists, st. Pushkina, 52. An excellent example of wooden architecture of the early twentieth century.
Petrovskoye Estate, st. Sverdlova, 26. Family estate of the noble family of Mikhalkov. Now part of the territory is occupied by a cadet corps, trying to maintain the park and thereby save it from complete ruin. In Petrovsky Park on the banks of the Volga there is a white gazebo topped with a boat. The manor house was destroyed, leaving only one water tower in a dilapidated state.
House of merchant Popov, Preobrazhensky lane, 2. The only surviving residential building built in the 18th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, the building housed the office of the oil industrial and trading company "MAZUT". Nowadays it houses the House of Porcelain store, where you can buy sets from Russian porcelain factories.
Flour Gostiny Dvor, Stoyalaya Street, 13. Flour Gostiny Dvor occupies a block from Red Square to Stoyalaya Street. After restoration, the building was given over to house the funds of the Rybinsk Museum-Reserve. The oldest market in the city, Mytny, is located in the courtyard of the Flour Rows.
Red Gostiny Dvor, Red Square, 3. Built in 1873-1875 in the image and likeness of the Flour Gostiny Dvor. Gostiny Dvor is still used for its intended purpose; it houses shops, cafes, and consumer service enterprises. The building also houses a piano museum and a tourist information center.
House of the cathedral clergy, Krestovaya street, 7. The house where the clergyman of the Transfiguration Cathedral Alexey Zolotarev lived. His son Alexey Alekseevich played a particularly important role in the cultural development and spiritual prosperity of Rybinsk. He personally knew A.M. Gorky, F.I. Shalyapin, I.A. Bunin, wrote stories, worked as a librarian in Capri. In 1918, he headed the local scientific society. Later, the famous orientalist Nikolai Nevsky and the clergyman, one of the organizers of the observatory in Rybinsk, Alexander Obraztsov, lived in the House of the Cathedral Clergy.
House of A. Sedov, Krestovaya street, 23. Property of the Rybinsk merchant I.F. Krasheninnikova.
Shipworkers' Hospital (burlatsk hospital) (building of an ensemble of wooden buildings on the left bank of the Volga). Built at the end of the 19th century, the condition is deplorable. The complex was built at the expense of Rybinsk merchants and townspeople in 1884-1892 for the treatment of barge haulers during the navigation season. Barge haulers and other working people could receive medical care, bed, food and decent clothing here.
The building of the former steam mill of the merchant Efrem Kalashnikov, st. Volzhskaya Embankment, 19. The impressive building of what was once one of the largest Rybinsk mills resembles a medieval castle. A
House of merchant Myrkin (Moorish castle), st. Sovetskaya, 2. The house on Teatralnaya (now Sovetskaya) street was erected in 1880 by merchant Ivan Filippovich Myrkin. His family never decided to use the majestic mansion for living, so until the revolutionary events of 1917 they rented it out for the Rybinsk branch of the State Bank of the Russian Empire. During the Soviet era, various institutions were located here. The building is being restored.
Myrkinsky baths building, st. Sovetskaya, 12. They were founded in 1859 by the merchant I. Skobelev and are the oldest baths in the city. They received the name after they were transferred to the mayor I. Myrkin. By the standards of the 19th century, the baths were built on a large scale, occupied a large building, had male and female sections, rooms for people of different status and income, were supplied with water from the Cheremukha River, which flows nearby, using a steam engine, and were provided with hot water.
The building of the old grain exchange (Pilot Exchange), st. Volzhskaya embankment, 4. The opening of the exchange in the style of classicism took place on July 18, 1811 in the presence of the Governor-General of the Yaroslavl province Mikhail Golitsin. During the Soviet years, a river station and water police were located here. Needs restoration.
The building of the former Zemstvo Government (House of the Rybinsk Zemstvo), st. Krestovaya, 77/8. Built in 1875 in the eclectic style according to the design of the architect Yarovitsky, partially rebuilt in 1912 according to the design of N. Yu. Lermontov and served as an administrative public building. Here in 1909 a city astronomical observatory appeared, which has not survived to this day, but until 2021 the oldest city pharmacy operated. The pharmacy closed in early July 2021. Now the building houses various city departments and organizations.

 

Church architecture

Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral, st. Krestovaya, 23. daily from 7.30 to 19.30. The pearl of the historical center of Rybinsk. Built from 1838 to 1845. in the style of "classicism". In the temple there are icons of St. Theodore of Sanaksar with a particle of his relics, the holy righteous warrior Theodore Ushakov with a particle of his relics, and an icon of St. Nicholas. Until the 30s of the last century, the ensemble of the cathedral also included the warm St. Nicholas Church, built in 1720, which stood next to the Volga side, on the site where the road is now. In Soviet times, the cathedral building alternately housed a vegetable storehouse, a river station and even a theater at different times. In the last years of Soviet power, an archive was located here.
Church of the Ascension, st. Truda, 2/ st. Zheleznodorozhnaya, 43 (located near the railway station). The church is part of the architectural ensemble of the Ascension-St. George parish.
Church, st. Pushkina, 57. Church - Heart of Jesus, is considered the easternmost and only church in the Upper Volga region. The initiative to open a Catholic church belonged to the Poles, who were exiled here in 1863 for participating in the Polish uprising. The church was built with government permission in 1910, made of red brick in the pseudo-Gothic style. Used as a student club.
Nikolskaya Chapel, Volzhskaya embankment, 6. Built in 1867 with private funds, in 1927 given for economic needs. Later the dome was demolished and a second floor was added. Until 2010, the building housed the water police. In 2010-2011, restoration work was carried out and now you can see this beautiful building in an updated and original form.
St. George's Church, st. Truda, 2/ st. Zheleznodorozhnaya, 43 (located near the railway station). The church is part of the architectural ensemble of the Ascension-St. George parish. On the territory there is one of the oldest city cemeteries.
Church of the Iveron Icon of the Mother of God, st. Aleksandrovskaya, 12. The church in honor of the Iveron Icon of the Mother of God is located on the left bank, immediately behind the Volzhsky Bridge.
Sretenskaya Church, st. Krestovaya, 104 (in the very center of the city, opposite the Yubileiny department store). It was built in the “pseudo-Byzantine style” in 1868-1873. designed by St. Petersburg architect M.A. Shchurupova. Before the revolution, the church was part of the ensemble of the Holy Cross Church with a separate five-tier bell tower, built in 1863, and served as a summer church. The Holy Cross Church itself, which was built from 1834 to 1846. in the style of “classicism”, and which was no less impressive than the Transfiguration Cathedral (and very similar to it), in the 30s of the twentieth century they were dismantled along with the bell tower, and military barracks were built in their place. Sretenskaya Church survived, being behind a concrete fence on the territory of a military unit. It alternately housed various institutions: a dance floor, a hairdresser, a warehouse and a gym. Currently, the restoration of the church continues.
Church of St. Tikhon of Zadonsk, st. Lugovaya, 7 a. Built in 1882 with funds from G.A. Umnova, I.F. Myrkina, N.D. Zhivushcheva. In 1892-1893, at the expense of N.D. Zhivushchev, a chapel was added - in memory of the miraculous deliverance of the August Family from the threatening danger during the crash of the imperial train in 1888. In 1901, the Church of the “Joy of All Who Sorrow” of the icon of the Mother of God at the hospital was assigned to the temple. The Church of “Joy of All Who Sorrow”, originally built of wood, then rebuilt of brick, was rebuilt into a residential building in Soviet times, later, around the 1970s, the building was demolished and was located near the Durdin brewery, approximately on the site of the modern shopping center parking lot "Space". In 1932, the temple of the saint was closed; during the Soviet period, the temple housed a workshop and warehouse for a motor transport enterprise. In 1997 it was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church.
Compound of the former Yugskaya Dorofeeva Hermitage, st. Stoyalaya, 6. The Yugskaya Dorofeeva Hermitage itself was flooded in 1941 during the construction of the Rybinsk hydroelectric power station and the formation of the reservoir. The most interesting part of the ensemble of the courtyard is the corner square chapel. A watch workshop operated in the chapel building for many years.
Temple of the Tolga Icon of the Mother of God of the Russian Orthodox Church, st. Radishcheva, 2 (not far from Sovetskaya Square). Initially, in 1872, a chapel was built here at the expense of the Ozerov townspeople. In 1902-1903 on the site of dilapidated buildings, a new stone courtyard building with a church in the name of the Tolga Icon of the Mother of God of the Moscow Patriarchate was built. During Soviet times, the building served as a warehouse, a club for teachers and medical workers, and in 2007 it was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Old Believer Church. In 2018, the temple was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church.
Church in the name of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God, st. Bolshaya Kazanskaya, 1 (walking straight from Cathedral Square along Bolshaya Kazanskaya Street). The oldest temple in Rybinsk (1697), ancient frescoes have been preserved inside. Before the revolution, the church was part of the ensemble of the Vvedensky Church with a separate four-tier bell tower and served as a summer church. In 1934, the Vvedenskaya Church was closed and rebuilt into a 3-story residential building (it stands right next to it), and the city archive was located in the Kazan Church. The bell tower was demolished. Currently, the church in the name of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God is operational.
All Saints Church (Temple of All Saints), st. Sofiyskaya, 6 (located about 700 meters from the station, take bus 12 to the Gagarina street stop and about 200 meters on foot.). All Saints Church was built in 1914 in the “pseudo-Byzantine style.” After the revolution on February 16, 1930, the temple was closed, decapitated, and the church building housed the Rybinskglavprokat film office, and later gas services. Currently, the temple is being restored and is not operational; you can only see it from the outside, since gas services are still located there, and the church is surrounded by a fence with barbed wire around the perimeter. At the All Saints Cemetery, one of the oldest in the city along with Georgievsky, there is a military memorial to those who fell during the Great Patriotic War, where more than 2,000 people who died from wounds in Rybinsk hospitals are buried. Across the road is the old Jewish cemetery.
Former Church of the Trinity Life-Giving Old Believer Pomeranian Community (Old Believer Prayer House), st. Radishcheva, 50. Architect: G.V.Sarenko. The main builders and trustees of the church were Rybinsk Old Believers merchants, including: Raspletins, Pudovs, Neopikhanovs, Miklyutins, Kondratyevs, Sokolovs and many others. Construction began in 1909 at the corner of Vozdvizhenskaya and Ivanovskaya streets (now Lunacharsky and Radishchev), and was completed in 1912. After the church building was seized by order of the Regional Executive Committee in 1929, the main building of the music school No. 1 named after P.I. Tchaikovsky was located in this building for many years, for which the building was decapitated, rebuilt inside, and work was done within the walls of the building many windows.
Synagogue building, st. Chkalova, 47 a. It was built in 1916. In 1930, the synagogue was nationalized; for two years it was transferred to the youth organization of the river fleet, where the club of the Communist Youth Union was located, and after the Great Patriotic War, a children's sports school was located here. In 2015, the building of the Synagogue was transferred to the Rybinsk Jewish community "Lechaim". Now there is a trampoline center here.
Sophia Convent, Shosseiny lane. 4 (next to Sofiyskaya Street, on the banks of the Korovka River). It was founded in 1860. By 1917, the ensemble of the St. Sophia Monastery had 4 churches, the main one of which was the St. Sophia Cathedral, as well as 10 two-story buildings located around the perimeter. On November 28, 1923, the monastery was closed and the Rybinsk executive committee placed a children's colony here. In 1934, the monastery territories were occupied by the NKVD prison. Later, A.I. Solzhenitsyn sat here, waiting for transfer. Nowadays, most of the buildings are occupied by a pre-trial detention center. The temples are destroyed and the territory of the monastery is a pitiful sight.

 

Other objects

Bridge over the Volga, Volzhskaya embankment. One of the most beautiful bridges across the Volga. Built in 1957-63. The only bridge in Rybinsk across the Volga, instead of the three supposed to be according to the city development master plan.
Rybinsk locks and waterworks. The Rybinsk hydroelectric complex on the western edge of the city is one of the oldest and largest on the Volga. On the left bank, on the island between the lock and the hydroelectric power station, closer to the latter, there is a Stalinist town for hydraulic builders. The Rybinsk hydroelectric power station is clearly visible from the right bank of the Volga, from the Volzhskaya embankment, if you look at the confluence of the Volga and Sheksna rivers.
Brewery "Bohemia"  , st. Rabochaya, 48. It was built by Rybinsk merchant Ivan Durdin in 1879, who after that became known as the “beer king of the province.” The plant has retained its historical appearance to this day. When producing beer, the Durdin traditions of making a foamy drink are not forgotten - water from an artesian well and high-quality home-made malt are used in production. The company produces very tasty kvass, which is sold in the summer throughout the city in iron kvass barrels on tap, as in Soviet times, as well as in the PiR brand stores (beer and fish).

 

Monuments

Mother Volga (Statue of a woman greeting ships passing by. A petrel soars at her feet). One of the largest and most famous city monuments is located on the Rybinsk locks on the side of the reservoir. You cannot approach it by land, as the sculpture is located in a protected lock zone. Height with pedestal 17.4 m.
Monument to the plumber (at the entrance to the Vodokanal municipal unitary enterprise). A sculpture of a plumber at the local Vodokanal, leaning waist-deep out of a hatch with an adjustable wrench. It is located just behind the fence and may not be accessible on non-working days, but is clearly visible through the fence.
Monument to the barge hauler, Lotsmansky Boulevard, Volzhskaya embankment, 4. The sculpture is located in the park area on the Volzhskaya embankment, near the old “grain” (pilot) exchange. It was installed in 1977 for the 200th anniversary of the city.
Monument to Lev Oshanin, Volzhskaya embankment, observation deck. One of the modern monuments of Rybinsk (August 2, 2003) was erected to the famous Rybinsk resident, songwriter Lev Oshanin, author of the songs: “The Volga River Flows” (the song became very famous performed by Lyudmila Zykina), “And in our yard...”, “. ..And outside the window it’s either rain or snow…”, “Hymn of Democratic Youth”, “Yaroslavia”, “Oh, Roads”, “Let there always be sunshine”, etc. Next to the monument there are loudspeakers from which these songs can be heard.
Monument to F. Ushakov, Ushakov Boulevard, center, near the Volzhskaya embankment. Fedor Fedorovich Ushakov (1743-1817) - invincible Russian naval commander. The monument was erected in Rybinsk on July 27, 1996. Next to the monument to Ushakov there is the smallest city fountain in the form of a spinning globe. Since 2001, October 15 is celebrated annually as the Day of Remembrance of Admiral F. F. Ushakov. In the village of Khopylevo, not far from Rybinsk, a temple has been preserved - the Church of the Epiphany on the Island (1701), where Fyodor Ushakov was baptized.
Monument to Ludwig Nobel, Nobel Alley. The monument is located near Cathedral Square and the bridge over the Volga. The monument was opened in Rybinsk as a memory of the presence here before the revolution of part of the “Nobel Empire”, which played a large role in the development of the city.
Monument - TU-104A aircraft (Skomorokhova Gora microdistrict, approximately 600 meters from the station). The real plane stands on a high pedestal near the station. In winter, mallard ducks hang out near the plane in search of food.
Monument to General Kharitonov, a tall monument located in the park near PJSC "UEC - Saturn". On the pedestal there is a bronze bas-relief depicting a general's saber with a sword belt.
Monument - Ballistic missile R-11M (8K11), st. Kuibysheva, 59. The monument "Ballistic missile R-11M (8K11)" is located between Maxim Gorky and Kuibyshev streets. On the pedestal there is an inscription: “In whom the spirit is great, the strength is indestructible.”
Monument to Lenin, Red Square of the city. A unique monument to Lenin in a winter coat and hat stands on a high granite pedestal left over from the monument to Emperor Alexander II. After the revolution, the monument to the Tsar was drowned in the Volga.
Memorial complex "Fire of Glory", Walk of Fame, Volzhskaya embankment (near the Poljot Sports Palace). On the 28-meter obelisk there is an 11-meter statue of an engine builder lifting an airplane propeller above his head. On the plaques of the memorial are the names of 49 Heroes of the Soviet Union and three full holders of the Order of Glory from among the residents of the city. The complex includes the ISU-152 self-propelled gun and an anti-aircraft gun.
Monument to General P.I. Batov, Walk of Fame. Bronze bust of twice Hero of the Soviet Union, General P. I. Batov.
The sculptural composition "Tral", located on the observation deck of the Volzhskaya embankment. Welded dynamic sculptural object is made of metal in the form of a spiral. The monument depicts a trawl, at the base of which you can see fish. The sculpture is crowned with a forged boat. In general, a strange construction that has no historical connection with the area. With the help of a fishing trawl, fish are caught in the sea and ocean, and in the river in the Middle Ages, fish were caught with the help of fishermen.
Monument to a steam locomotive (Steam locomotive L-5270 of the Lebedyanka series), Station Square near the railway. station. Monument to the most powerful steam locomotive of the USSR in the post-war period.
The monument to Ostap Bender is located on the Ushakov Boulevard from the Volga side. The sculpture of Ostap Bender with keys in his hand and a boy biting an apple was installed “at the entrance to Stargorod from the village of Chmarovka.” Installed in memory of the film "12 Chairs", filmed in Rybinsk.

 

Squares and parks

Karyakinsky garden. Located on the street. Pushkin opposite the main building of the Russian State Aviation Technical University. A complete reconstruction is underway.
City square - amusement park, st. Herzen/Soviet. 10.00-21.00. The main amusement park of Rybinsk. A complete reconstruction is underway.
Park in Perebory, 50 Let Oktyabrya Avenue. ☎ +7 (4855) 59-80-17. A small park for children on the outskirts of Rybinsk, in the Perebory microdistrict. The park has a hydrofoil "Raketa", converted into a summer cafe. The cafe is currently closed. In 2020, the park was reconstructed, two children's playgrounds were built for schoolchildren of different ages, a sports town and a volleyball court, a large wooden tower and a tower slide, benches were added for rest, and a public toilet was restored. Unfortunately, the Ferris wheel is no longer in the park.
Park along the Volga embankment (Volzhsky Park). The length is about a kilometer from the Polet DS to the Vodokanal municipal unitary enterprise. The territory is landscaped, there are many paths and green spaces. Suitable for cycling, roller skating. There is a restaurant, a summer cafe, a skate area, a sports town, and in the summer there are children's attractions. The park needs reconstruction.
Petrovsky Park. The historical park is located on the left bank of the Volga opposite the historical center. It requires reconstruction, as it has grown over time and now looks more like a landscape park.
Park near PJSC "ODK-Saturn", Lenin Avenue. A well-kept park, but without benches for rest. Here there are monuments to General F. M. Kharitonov and aircraft designer P. A. Solovyov, as well as the original “Era of Space” monument. There is a McDonald's fast food restaurant in the park.
Park on Lenin Avenue, Lenin Avenue. It is located almost across the road from the park near PJSC UEC-Saturn in the Severny microdistrict and stretches from the Aviator club complex to the Temp pool.
City Park Walk of Fame. From Derunov Square to the Volga River, it practically merges with Volzhsky Park. Here is a monument to Derunov, General Batov and the memorial complex "Fire of Glory" ("Eternal Flame").
Dimitrovsky Park. A park with a fountain and benches near Derunov Square. Few trees.

 

Things to do

Museums

Rybinsk State Historical, Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve   , Volzhskaya embankment, 2. ✉ ☎ +7 (4855) 22-21-90. One of the oldest and largest museums in the Upper Volga (more than 100 thousand items). The exhibitions are mainly devoted to the history, culture and nature of the Rybinsk region and include natural science, archaeological collections, as well as rich collections of decorative and fine arts, rare books and manuscripts, weapons and numismatics.
Museum of the Mologsky region named after N. M. Alekseev   , Preobrazhensky lane, 6a. ☎ +7 (4855) 29-53-93. The museum's exhibitions are dedicated to Mologa, a ghost town that disappeared from the face of the earth more than seven decades ago during the construction of the Rybinsk Reservoir. Here you can get acquainted with the history and culture of the Mologsky region, the life of its inhabitants. In total, the museum has more than 3 thousand exhibits.
Museum of Upper Volga Hydroelectric Power Stations, Vyazemsky St., 31. ☎ +7 910 663 85 16. The museum is open only by appointment, because located on the territory of a hydroelectric power station. The exhibition tells about the construction of the Rybinsk hydroelectric power station and the fate of the Mologsky region, which was flooded during its construction. Taking photographs and stopping vehicles in the protected area of the power plant is prohibited.
Museum "Soviet Era"  , st. Goncharova, 14 (travel by bus No. 5 from the station to the final stop). ☎ 8 (4855) 23-87-51; +7 (980) 656-21-40. Ticket is 100 rubles, for schoolchildren and pensioners - 50 rubles. The museum is located in the village of GES-14, a unique ensemble of the Stalin era. Here you will learn not only historical information about the village and the House of Culture, but also hear some legends and rumors about these interesting places. The exhibition is open upon prior request.
"Ust-Sheksna", st. Cascade (the wooden tower is clearly visible from the right bank of the Volga, from the Volzhskaya embankment, if you look at the confluence of the Sheksna and Volga rivers). On the right bank of the Sheksna, at its confluence with the Volga, there is the archeological monument “Ust-Sheksna”. Here, on the 935th anniversary of the first chronicle mention of Ust-Sheksna, a memorial sign was erected - a stylized watchtower with a palisade. Built on the site of a similar structure from the 12th century, this architectural landmark not only adorns the famous Ustye, but is the first stage in the creation of an interactive archaeological museum, a future tourism center.
Piano Museum (In the building of the Red Gostiny Dvor on the Red Square of the city) (Entrance to the museum from V. Naberezhnaya Street). ☎ 8 (4852) 33-33-00; 8 (910) 973-33-00. 16:00 - 18:00. The first such museum in Russia, visiting by appointment. The museum occupies two halls in the building of the Red Gostiny Dvor. In one room there are ancient foreign instruments - German, French, Viennese, English. In the second - Russian grand pianos and upright pianos, made before the revolution and during Soviet times. The oldest instrument is 180 years old.
Rybinsk Museum of Admiral F. F. Ushakov and the Maritime Museum, st. Krestovaya, 30 (TH "Medved", 2nd floor). ☎ 8 (4855) 28-23-45; +7(962) 200-17-45; +7(920) 131-18-11; +7 (920) 129-39-22. Tue. - Fri: from 10:00 to 18:00; Exit and holiday days: from 10:00 to 16:00. Ticket prices are on the museum website.
Museum "Rybinsk-cinema-Hollywood", st. Volzhskaya embankment, 53 (second floor). ☎ 8 (4855) 28-05-79; 8 (905) 132-25-89; 8 (920) 110-33-22; 8 (909) 277-03-15. Opening hours: by appointment. The museum consists of 3 exhibitions: the Rybinsk founders of Hollywood - the Sheinker brothers (Schenks); famous films filmed in the city; famous actors associated with the city. It turns out that it was in Rybinsk at the end of the 19th century that the Schenk brothers, Nicholas and Joseph, grew up. In 1893, they immigrated to the United States, where they became co-founders of the two largest American film studios that make up Hollywood - XX Century Fox and Metro-Goldwin-Mayer (MGM).
Museum of Living Antique Signs, st. Krestovaya (Ancient signs of various institutions, decorated in the style of the late 19th century on buildings in the historical part of the city). around the clock. for free.
Nobel Museum and Nobel Movement, st. Volzhskaya embankment, 53 (5 minutes walk from Cathedral Square). ☎ 8 (909) 277-03-15. Mon. - Fri. 12:00 - 18:00; Sat. and Sun. 11:00 - 19:00; Tue. - CLOSED. You can visit the museum by prior request. The private museum operates in the building of the former office of the Nobel Brothers Petroleum Production Partnership.
Exhibition - museum "Rybinsk fish", st. Volzhskaya embankment, 99A. ☎ 8 (960) 533-09-54. 10:00 - 17:00. The river inhabitants of the museum are represented in items from Gzhel, Palekh, original key holders and wallets made in Samara, Plyos, Nizhny Novgorod, the Baltic states, Europe, Asia, America and Oceania.
The museum is designed to be interactive, here everyone can take part in the “Draw and Color the Fish of Your Dreams” master class and purchase an original

 

Theaters

Rybinsk Drama Theatre, st. Krestovaya, 17a (located next to Cathedral Square). ☎ 8(4855) 28-90-93 (theater shift); Cash desk - 8(4855) 22-28-49.
Rybinsk Puppet Theater, st. Vokzalnaya, 14 (opposite the station). ☎ Box office - 8 (4855) 21-70-27. The Puppet Theater is known as one of the first puppet theaters in Russia.
Club complex "Aviator", Lenina Ave., 148. ☎ +7 4855 21-15-39. Concerts of touring artists usually take place here.

 

Festivals and events

Merchant's Day. As a rule, it is held on City Day.
Day of the city.
Ushakov Festival.
Deminsk ski marathon, Demino village (left bank, 15 km from the city), Rybinsk district. It is held in late February and early March at the Demino ski and biathlon center. Round-trip bus travel is organized for fans from the city station.
INVASION of Santa Clauses (thousands of Santa Clauses take part in the holiday), Krestovaya Street, Derunova Square (city center).

 

How to get there

By plane
Staroselye Airport is located north of the city. Regular passenger flights to Moscow, St. Petersburg and the region were closed in 2010. The nearest operating airport is Tunoshna in Yaroslavl.

By train
Despite the fact that a railway line passes through the city, Rybinsk lies away from active railway lines. Direct branded train No. 601/602 runs from Moscow to Rybinsk twice a week. The train departs from the Belorussky station and travels through Savelovo, Kalyazin, Kashin and Sonkovo. Travel time is overnight, departure around 21.00, arrival around 9 am. Departure back around 18:00, arrival in Moscow at half past seven in the morning. Ticket prices range from 750 to 2000 rubles.

The easiest way to get to the city is to travel by train from Moscow through Yaroslavl (including high-speed trains Moscow - Yaroslavl 3 times a day), and then by commuter train from Yaroslavl-Glavny station (travel time one to two hours and the ticket price is 260 or 307 rubles depending on the train) or by intercity bus to Rybinsk (travel time 1.5 - 2 hours). Buses depart from the bus station at the Yaroslavl-Glavny railway station every half hour from 6 a.m. to 10 p.m., and from the Yaroslavl bus station. The ticket price is about 306 rubles. The distance between the cities is 82 kilometers. For almost the entire year 2023, instead of the usual morning commuter train from Yaroslavl to Rybinsk (and back in the evening), a retro train (with regular carriages, like in commuter trains) will run on Saturdays. The P36 steam locomotive, nicknamed “The General,” drives a regular commuter train with stops.

Railway station building, Passazhirskaya street, 1a. One of the oldest train stations in Russia, which is an architectural monument of federal significance. A complete restoration of the station was carried out, returning it to its original appearance and restoring the covered platform based on historical photographs. The bus station is located in the eastern wing of the station building.

By car
Arriving in the city by car is the most convenient. The following roads pass through the city:
P104 passes through the city from south to north and connects Rybinsk with the cities of Uglich, Myshkin, Kalyazin, Taldom and Sergiev Posad in the south, and with the cities of Poshekhonye and Cherepovets in the north.
P151 comes to the city from the southeast, connecting Rybinsk with the cities of Tutaev and Yaroslavl.

There are two ways to get from Moscow to Rybinsk:
along the Yaroslavl highway and the M8 highway “Kholmogory” through Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov, Yaroslavl, then before the Volga, exit onto the P151 highway leading to Tutaev and Rybinsk. The advantage of this road is that it allows you to travel along the highway at a higher speed, although transit travel through cities and the road after Tutaev, which is in a deplorable state, sharply reduce the average speed.
along the Yaroslavskoe highway, then along the P104 highway through Sergiev Posad, Kalyazin, Uglich. You can drive along Dmitrovskoye Highway to Taldom, then along P104 through Kalyazin, Uglich. This shorter road passes through populated areas, where along the entire length there is one good TNK gas station at the exit from Uglich. The quality of the asphalt is good, with the exception of a few small areas, for example, in Uglich itself or near Rybinsk, and local unevenness.
Travel time by car at average speed will be from 4.5 to 5.5 hours.

By bus
Bus and minibus routes are a more common alternative to the train. Flights from Moscow to Rybinsk depart about ten times a day from the VDNH bus station, travel time is 5 hours 15 minutes. Regular direct flights Moscow - Rybinsk are also carried out by high-capacity buses from the Shchelkovsky central bus station of the capital. Travel time is six hours. Cost 1000 rubles.

On the ship
Although the city sits on the Volga near the huge Rybinsk Reservoir, commercial water transport is in decline. You can get to Rybinsk by ship on cruise ships, provided they stop in the city at berth No. 1. There are also small excursions along the Volga with visits to surrounding cities. Local suburban and intercity routes operate (from the berth at the reservoir in the Perebory microdistrict and city pier No. 1), daily during the navigation period the Rybinsk "Meteor" runs along the route Breytovo - Rybinsk - Tutaev - Yaroslavl with a stop in Rybinsk at berth No. 1.

 

Transport around the city

There are trolleybus and bus networks in Rybinsk; fares are paid in cash or using contactless bank cards. From the railway station you can get to almost any part of the city by public transport (except Slip and Kopayevo) and to the suburbs. There is a network of minibus taxis (fare 31 rubles) and private taxis with an average cost of a trip around the city of about 130 rubles. The Yandex.Taxi and Taxi Maxim applications work.

 

Buy

The city has many modern small shopping centers, shops, and supermarkets. There are three large markets. To take fish with you, you need to visit the fish stalls in the city markets, which are located outside in the open air.

 

Markets

Sennoy (Central) market, st. Lunacharsky, 16. ☎ +7 (4855) 28-41-18. 8:00–17:00. Food and manufactured goods market
Mytny market, st. Krestovaya, 12 (buses No. 2, 3, 5, 15, 29; trolleybuses No. 1, 4, 6). ☎ +7 (4855) 21-10-13. 8:00–18:00. Food and manufactured goods market with more than 100 years of history.
Veretyevsky market (market no. 3), 9 May street (buses no. 1, 12, 25; trolleybuses no. 1, 5, 6). 8:00–17:00. Food and manufactured goods market.

 

Department stores and shopping centers

Department store "Yubileiny", st. Krestovaya, 117 (By public transport to the “Univermag” stop). Mon–Fri 10:00–19:00, Sat 10:00–18:00, Sun 10:00–16:00. The former main and largest department store of the city and region during Soviet times. The original appearance of the department store after construction has been preserved.
Shopping center "Vikonda", st. Babushkina, 29 (buses No. 3, 9, 12, 16, 25, 111; trolleybuses No. 1, 5, 6). ☎ +8 (4855) 23-88-20. 10:00–21:00. The largest shopping center in Rybinsk. In addition to the MAXI hypermarket and other shops, there is also a fitness club, a hotel, a bowling alley, fast food restaurants McDonald's and Burger King, the Roshcha restaurant, a beauty salon, a modern cinema, dry cleaners, many ATMs of different banks, separate from the shopping center "People's Fair" tent (various products). The area of the shopping center is 38,700 sq. m.
Hypermarket MAXI  , st. Furmanova, 4; microdistrict Skomorokhova Gora (buses No. 2, 6, 10, 25; trolleybuses No. 4, 5). 8:00–23:00. Hypermarket with a total area of 11,000 sq. m. and a wide range of food and household goods; On the territory of the complex there are also clothing and shoe stores, an optics store, a cosmetics store, a store for oriental sweets (nuts, spices, etc.), and a hairdresser.
Supermarket ATAK, st. Zakharova, 38; microdistrict Zacheremushny (buses No. 1, 2; trolleybuses No. 1, 4, 6). 8:00–23:00.
Supermarket Major League, st. Shipbuilders, 18; microdistrict Severny (bus no. 6). 8:00–22:00.
Hypermarket Magnit, st. Priborostroiteley, building 3a (buses No. 1, 6, 25; trolleybus No. 5). 7:30–23:00.
Shopping center "Cosmos" , st. Maxim Gorky, 10 (buses No. 2, 3, 10, 15; trolleybuses No. 1, 4, 5, 6). 10:00–20:00. The shopping center has an area of 15,000 sq. meters. On the ground floor there is the Druzhba hypermarket, on the second floor there is a large furniture store and the Detsky Mir mall.
Shopping center "Sennaya Ploshchad"  , st. Herzen 62/9 (located in the center next to the Yubileiny department store and the Sennoy market). ☎ 8 (4855) 28-05-25. There is an Auchan supermarket on the ground floor of the shopping center. The total area of the shopping center is 22,000 sq. m. meters
Shopping center "Europe", Pushkin street, building 63 (near the railway station). Mon-Sun 08:00-21:00. The area of the shopping center is 5000 sq. m. What’s interesting is that the entire second floor is locked (an incomprehensible organization called AudioTele is located there). The ground and first floors are open to the public and open. There is surface parking
Shopping center "Epicenter", Lunacharsky, 10 (next to the department store "Yubileiny"). 08:30 to 00:00. The building, with an area of 4,618 m², houses shops, cafes, a games room, a photo salon, and ATMs. There is a small surface parking lot nearby.
Shopping center "Fabrikant", Volzhskaya Embankment, 163 (entrance from Krestovaya Street - Krestovaya St., 94). daily from 10.00 to 19.30, sun from 10.00 to 18.30. The shopping and office center has a shopping area with a Chizhik store, an ice cream parlor, and offices. There is a small surface parking lot nearby.

 

Eat

Within the historical center, especially along Krestovaya Street, there are many cafes, restaurants, pizzerias and other food establishments where you can have a snack and relax. Many food outlets offer delivery of ready-made meals by online ordering and by phone.

Fast food
McDonalds (Delicious, period).
1   Lenina Ave. 161-b (near the plant of PJSC "ODK-Saturn" outside the historical part).
29 Babushkina street (in the Vikonda shopping center among five- and nine-story buildings on the western outskirts).
2  Burger King, Babushkina str. 29 (in the Vikonda shopping center among five- and nine-story buildings on the western outskirts). Jun 2023 edit
✦  KFC.
62/9 Herzen St. (in the Sennaya Square shopping center in the city center).
29 Babushkina str. (in the Vikonda shopping center).

Cheap
3  Cafeteria-bakery “Good Buns”, Krestovaya St., 4. 11:00 - 23:00. Large selection of baked goods and confectionery products
4  Cafe-bakery “Via Romano”, Krestovaya St., 31. 9.00-21.00. Pizza, coffee, large selection of pastries, small cozy cafe. Excellent location in the very center, quite tasty and inexpensive.
Cafe “Coffee Jazz 12 chairs”  , st. Stoyalaya, 4. Cozy cafe with good food, large selection of coffee. Named after the film of the same name directed by Leonid Gaidai, filmed in Rybinsk.
Cafe-confectionery-bakery “5 minutes of happiness”  , st. Stoyalaya, 13 (at the corner of Volzhskaya embankment and Stoyalaya). 10:00-21:00.
Cafe "FAETON-lunch"  , Krestovaya st. 61. 8–20 (Sun, 9–19). Cheap self-service cafe with plastic utensils and heated food. Suitable for a quick snack, but the food leaves much to be desired.
Cafe-grill “Old Town”, st. Krestovaya, 22. 10–22.45 (Sat and Sun, from 11). For a very unpretentious visitor.
Coffee house "Karakol", st. Stoyalaya, 14. 8–22. Not a bad coffee shop with hot food, but no alcohol. Good coffee.
Cafe “Sushi good”, Krestovaya st., 137. ☎ +7 4855 25 34 00. Mon-Sun 10.00–23.00. All-Russian chain of cafes with delivery in Rybinsk.
Cafe “Blinnaya”, st. Chkalova, 64. located in the Atrium shopping center.
Ice cream parlor “33 penguins” (Fabrikant shopping center)  , st. Krestovaya, 94-a. Mon-Sat 10.00–19.30, Sun 10.00–17.00. A large selection of delicious ice cream and lemonade made only from natural ingredients. Located in the Fabrikant shopping center, entrance from the street. The cross between the houses, in the depths.
Cafe "Veteran", st. Kirova, 4. ☎ +7 4855 21 35 04. According to the Rybinsk residents, “the surroundings are soviet, but the food is delicious.”
Cafe “Teplo”, st. Chkalova, 60. 08:30 - 23:00. There are set lunches, pancakes

Average cost
Eurobuffet “Tarelochka”, st. Krestovaya, 51. ☎ 8 (4855) 21-94-88. 9–23 (Fri, until 1; Sat, until 24). There is a self-service cafe on the ground floor, and a regular provincial restaurant on the second floor. Mostly good reviews. Free Wi-Fi.
Cafe and restaurant “Melnitsa”, st. Krestovaya, 103. ☎ 8 (4855) 28-22-80. 1st floor is open seven days a week 09-23, Fri, Sat 09-01; 2nd floor: Thu 12 - 23; Fri, Sat 12 - 03. It is distinguished by a large mill at the end of the building. There is a cafe on the ground floor, a restaurant and bar on the second. Tasty and cozy.
Restaurant "Mamuka", st. Krestovaya, 120 (restaurant, bakery, cheese factory). ☎ 8 (964) 136-11-11. 11–02. Hot dishes: 200–300 rubles (2011). A good restaurant of Georgian cuisine at the Rybinsk hotel. The restaurant is in the hotel building, and the cafe is located in the attached closed veranda. There is probably Wi-Fi.
Restaurant and Culinary “Steak”  , st. Chkalova, 56. ☎ 8 (4855) 28-18-03. 11–24 ; Cooking from 8-00 to 20-00. As the name suggests, the restaurant specializes in meat dishes. There is a lot of baking in cooking.
Restaurant of the Volga Hotel, Prospekt 50 Letiya Oktyabrya, 32a. ☎ +7 (4855) 200-248. Russian kitchen. Very high quality and performance. Even compared to restaurants in the capital, this is truly the highest level. The average bill for two of 3 courses and a pot of tea is 1000 rubles.
Cafe “Golden Fish”, Krestovaya street, 128a. ☎ +7 (4855) 22-20-75. Mon-Wed 9.00–23.00, Thu-Sat 9.00–2.00, Sun 9.00–23.00. The cuisine is European. Breakfasts and business lunches are available. There is no payment by plastic cards. The average bill is up to 500 rubles.
Gastropub SoupBerry  , st. Stoyalaya, 16. ☎ +7 (920) 114-52-64. 11:00 - 23:00. Seafood, European, Central European cuisine, there is a menu for vegetarians, gluten-free dishes. Feedback from visitors is mostly positive.
Cafe-pizzeria Pizzapan, st. Krestovaya, 99. ☎ 8 (800) 234-99-33; +7 (980) 772-80-37. Pizzapan - delicious hot pizza, inexpensive rolls, which can be ordered with free home delivery. Delivery is available from 10 am to 11 pm within an hour.
Dining room on Magma "Obedikoff", Rybinsk, Yaroslavsky tract no. 72 (stop *Magma*). ☎ 8 (920) 141-26-71; 8 (910) 972-91-92. Orders are accepted from 10-00 to 17-00 hours. Ordering and delivery of food. Payment in cash (to the courier upon delivery and to the cashier upon pickup) and by credit card (only online and for pickup).

Expensive
Cafe “SusheBushe”  , st. Pushkina, 2. ☎ 8 (800) 500-09-10. Mon-Sat: 08:00–21:30; Sun: 10:00 - 20:30. The average check is 1000 rubles. The establishment is popular among tourists and city residents, so you need to make reservations in advance.
Restaurant “Old Rybinsk”, Lenin Ave., 148. ☎ 8 (4855) 21-32-91. 12–23 (Fri, Sat, Sun until 01:00). The restaurant with a cozy design using maps of old Rybinsk is located in the Aviator club complex.
Restaurant "Eldorado", st. Krestovaya, 46. ☎ 8 (4855) 22-20-09. 18:00 - 06:00. Loud live music in the evenings. Free Wi-Fi.
Restaurant "ROSHCHA"  , st. Babushkina, 29. ✉ ☎ 8 (4855) 23-88-18. Mon-Thu, Sun: 08.00 - 01.00; Fri-Sat: 08.00 - 03.00. Restaurant in the shopping center "VIKONDA". Russian, European and signature cuisines are presented. Beer, bowling, billiards and entertainment programs.
Club-restaurant “House of Culture and Rest”  , st. Krestovaya, 80. ☎ +7 (4855) 32-00-12. Sun-Thu: 12.00 - 01.00; Fri-Sat: 12.00 - 03.00. The city’s iconic place with Russian, Italian and oriental cuisine is located in the ancient mansion of the former mayor K.I. Rastorgueva.
Gastrobar “ZAVOD food”  , st. Volzhskaya embankment, 19. ☎ 8 (800) 550-90-30. Sun-Thu: 11:30 - 00:30; Fri-Sat: 11:30 - 04:00. Located near the Volzhsky Bridge in the building of a former mill, 7 - 10 minutes on foot. European, Italian, Russian, Japanese cuisines. You can order ready-made meals and pizza on the website with home delivery by courier. Free shipping available.
Restaurant of Georgian cuisine “Satsivi”, st. Krestovaya, 86. ☎ 8 (931) 521-14-51. accepting orders 12.00 - 24.00. Home delivery, average delivery time 60 minutes

 

Drinks

Mill  , Volzhskaya embankment, 19. ☎ +7 (4855) 25-03-50. Mon. - Thu: CLOSED; Fri, Sat, Sun: 10:00 - 04:00. The club is in the historical building of the former mill of the merchant Efrem Kalashnikov, about 10 minutes walk from Cathedral Square.
Art club “Crossroads”  , Chkalova st., 93. ☎ 8 (800) 201-12-03. Mon-Thu: 12:00–23:00; Fri: 12:00 - 04:00; Sat: 18:00 - 04:00.. The main concert venue for alternative music and original songs in Rybinsk since 1996. On Fridays - Live concerts from 21.00 to 22.00 Admission is free.
Friday and Saturday - Dance project "Music of all generations" from 22.00 to 4 am. Girls have free entry until midnight.

Budapest Club No. 1, 50th Anniversary of October Ave., 23. ☎ 8 (4855) 59-80-50. The very first club in the city of Rybinsk. Since opening in 1990, one of the best video discos in the country has operated here. Seats up to 200 people!
Club "Joker" , st. Kirova, 18. ☎ +7 (4855) 28-31-08. Mon. - Wed: 12:00 - 00:00; Fri, Sat: 12:00 - 06:00; Sun, Thu: 12:00 - 04:00. There are billiards, bowling, sports bar, and attractions. Disco.

 

Hotels

Cheap
Guest house (hotel "On the Volge"), st. Collectivization, 3-4 (left bank, next to the bridge over the Volga). ☎ +7 (980) 653-35-55, (4855) 25-30-30. Single/double/triple rooms: 1700/2000/2200 rubles (2020). The hotel has a good view of the cathedral and the Rybinsk embankment, but to get to the center you will have to cross the Volga. Rooms with amenities. Free parking.
Hotel on Botkina (NPO Poligrafmash), st. Botkina, 5. ☎ +7 (4855) 26-63-33. An apartment turned into a hotel on the ninth floor of a residential building. Authentic 70s interiors, amenities in the hallway.
Aviation College Dormitory, st. Svobody, 25 (in the center). ☎ +7 (4855) 52-39-25, 22-29-25. Rooms for 1–5 people, amenities in the hallway, there is a shared kitchen.
Hotel of the sports complex "Meteor", Serova Ave., 21. ☎ +7 (4855) 55-35-59. The hotel is located in the building of the sports complex of the same name, mainly used by visiting athletes. Economy category from 550 rub. per day.
Hotel UVD, st. Karyakinskaya, 51 (located next to the city police). ☎ +7 (4855) 24-25-25; 8 (4855) 22-20-02; +7 (4855) 24-26-76. daily, around the clock. A separate five-story hotel building, entrance from the courtyard of a multi-story residential building nearby, 50 economy class rooms. There are many shops nearby.

Average cost
12  Hotel “Maxrooms Volga Hollywood”  , 50 Letiya Oktyabrya Ave., 32A (buses No. 3, 9, 111) (Perebory microdistrict). ☎ +7 (4855) 20-02-48, 20-03-99. Economy double room: from 1400 rubles (2020). This hotel allows you to fully experience the industrial side of Rybinsk: in the immediate vicinity are the cable plant and the Volzhsky microdistrict (7-10 minutes by car), r. Volga, reservoir and lock of the Rybinsk hydroelectric power station; It's half an hour by bus to the center. The quaint Soviet building, built in 1990, is a bit intimidating, but the rooms have been renovated in the original style and make a good impression. This hotel is very popular among tourists; there are almost never empty rooms, so you should make a reservation in advance. Meals are available for a fee; there is a pizzeria, restaurant, sauna, and cable TV. Parking next to the hotel. In 2 - 10 min. walk from the hotel - shops, pharmacies, Children's Park, Perebory recreation center, Sberbank branch, city beach on the reservoir.
Hotel "Rybinsk", st. Krestovaya, 120 (in the center). ☎ +7 (4855) 22-25-88. Double room without amenities/with amenities: 1500/2100 rubles (2020). Once the main hotel of the city with a colorful retro-style website and an equally remarkable price list. Both expensive renovated double rooms and numerous economy class rooms (for 1–4 people), with or without amenities, are available. A touch of the Soviet past remained, long waits at the reception desk, security guards with Soviet rules. Restaurant, cafe, free Wi-Fi. Unguarded parking lot.
Hotel "YurLa", Volzhskaya embankment. 201 (not far from the center, opposite the Poljot sports palace). ☎ +7 (4855) 28-90-63. Double room: 3000 RUR (2020). Business hotel with a good price/quality ratio and an exclusive two-story luxury room. Breakfast, guarded parking, restaurant, free Wi-Fi; good feedback.
Hotel "On Vvedenskaya"  , st. Volzhskaya embankment, 13. Hotel "On Vvedenskaya" is located a 5-minute walk from Cathedral Square and Krestovaya Street. It offers free Wi-Fi, free private parking and an on-site restaurant, with some rooms offering Volga views. Each room has a private bathroom.

Expensive
Guest house "Royal" (PJSC "ODK-Saturn"), st. Lunacharsky, 40 (in the center). ☎ +7 (4855) 28-21-17, 28-21-09. Double room: 2800 RUR (2020). Single and double rooms with private facilities. Breakfast. Paid guarded parking. Conflicting reviews about the restaurant.
Guest house “Burlak”, st. Pushkina, 1. ☎ 8 (4855) 32-79-37; 8 930-122-10-60. Located in the city center next to Volzhsky Park, superior rooms, restaurant, minibar, sauna, laundry service, billiards, safe, internet, pets allowed.
Hotel VIKONDA  , st. Babushkina, 29 (bus No. 12). ☎ 8 (4855) 23-88-08. A modern hotel of the same name as part of a shopping center. Guests are offered rooms with different price ranges.

In the country
Recreation center "Yakuniki", village. Yakuniki (south of Rybinsk, near the ring road). ☎ +7 (4855) 26-32-50. Located on the Cheremukha River
Hotel "Brigantina" (Currently the hotel is not operating and is for sale on AVITO), village. Shipyard, st. Sudostroitelnaya, 1A (bus No. 111) (northwest 2 km from the city, beyond Perebory). ☎ +7 (4855) 29-57-27. single/double room: from 2000/2800 rubles (2020). The hotel at the yacht club with a clean beach is located on the shore 50 meters from the Rybinsk Reservoir. Bar, billiards, surfing station, sauna. Free Wi-Fi. Nearby there is a large forest park on the shore of the reservoir, and the Pyaterochka supermarket. Atmospheric, quiet and relaxing place to relax.
Country club "Koprino", village. Koprino (30 km west of Rybinsk). ☎ +7 (901) 999-54-80, 199-62-52. Double room: from 2600 rubles (2020). Nice wooden houses: hotel with double rooms and separate cottages.
Park Hotel "Big Fish", village. Pochinok and Bolshie Zaimishchi (35 km northwest of Rybinsk). ☎ +7 (903) 827-99-99. Economy/standard rooms: 1500/2500 rubles (2020). A recreation center on the shore of the Rybinsk Reservoir with a developed hunting and fishing infrastructure. Triple rooms economy (facilities on the floor) or standard (with amenities and meals). 3 meals a day +900 rubles. Restaurant.
Sanatorium named after Vorovskogo, village. Kstovo (bus No. 114) (3 km south of the Rybinsk ring road). ☎ +7 (4855) 29-92-20, 26-63-26, 28-42-64. Accommodation: from 800 rubles/person (2011). Accommodation with treatment and meals according to a custom menu system, the sanatorium provides treatment using mineral baths and other methods, there is a swimming pool with mineral water, excursions around the Yaroslavl region to Myshkin, Yaroslavl, Uglich, Rybinsk are offered for a fee. A large natural well-kept park, the Cheryomukha River flowing through the territory of the sanatorium, beautiful nature. Sports equipment rental.
Sanatorium "Kstovo", village. Kstovo, st. Zagorodnaya, 20 (bus No. 114) (2.5 km south of the Rybinsk ring road). ☎ +7 (4855) 26-18-15 and 25-32-77 (reservations); 23-34-67, 25-30-23 and 28-03-21 (administrator). Accommodation: from 1400 rubles/person (2020). In summer - rental of bicycles and sports equipment. Tennis, small towns, children's playground, near the Cheryomukha River. In winter there is a skating rink, snowmobiling, and an excellent hill for cheesecake riding. All year round - swimming pool 25 m.
Center for Sports and Recreation "Demino", village. Demino (15 km east of Rybinsk). ☎ +7 (4855) 29-40-30 (reservation), 29-40-00 and 29-40-40 (administrator). Double room/cottage: from 2800/8000 rubles (2011). Hotel and individual cottages. In winter - skating rink, slides. Various sports services. Restaurant of a high price category. There is a canteen, prices are moderate.
Park-hotel "Koprino Bay"  , village. Yasenevo (30 km west of Rybinsk). ☎ +7 (4852) 37-03-70, (920) 117-55-55. Double room: from RUB 5,500 (2020). Hotel-type rooms and luxury cottages on the shore of the Rybinsk Reservoir, children's club, Russian bathhouse, gym, rental center, restaurants. Access to the Internet.

 

Security questions

A large number of industrial enterprises in the city do not harm the environmental situation (since there are no chemical or other air-polluting industries in the city), they are located in industrial zones and are not noticeable. There are a lot of cars, but at the same time life in the city is much calmer and more measured than in the regional center. The air in the central part of the city near NPO Saturn from the street. Dimitrova is sometimes a little heavy, the environment is normal. You should be careful at night in outlying areas.

 

Connection

Mobile operators operating in the city: Beeline, Megafon, MTS, Tele-2, Yota, Rostelecom. Wi-Fi is available in some cafes, hotels, as well as on the Volzhskaya embankment near the Volga River closer to the FLIGHT sports palace on special benches, on Marshal Zhukov Square.

Post office Rybinsk (152900), st. Zakharova, 14 (bus No. 1 to the stop Zakharova Street). ☎ 8 (4855) 21-56-28. Mon-Fri 8:00-20:00; Sat 9:00-18:00; Sun 9:00-14:00.
Rostelecom Rybinsk branch, st. Chkalova, 73. ☎ 8 (800) 100-08-00. Mon. - Fri: 09.00-19.00; Sat: 10.00-15.00; Sun.-out.
Beeline (head office), st. Lunacharsky, 11. ☎ 8 (800) 700-80-00. 09:00 - 21:00.
MTS. ☎ 8 (800) 250 05 05.
Megafon, st. Krestovaya, 51; st. Babushkina, 29. ☎ 8 (800) 550-05-00. 10:00-18:00; 10:00-20:00.

 

History

Emergence

Rybinsk (formerly Rybnaya Sloboda) arose on the right bank of the Volga River at the confluence of the Cheryomukha River. The sharp cape between them is called the Arrow. The mouth of the Sheksna River, a left tributary of the Volga, like other left-bank areas, became part of the modern city only in the 20th century, due to its rapid growth during the period of industrialization. A Stone Age parking lot was found in the historic center of the city.

The oldest settlement at the confluence of the Sheksna with the Volga (on the other side of the Volga from the future Rybinsk) was called Ust-Sheksna. The first mention of him in the Laurentian Chronicle is associated with the Rostov uprising of 1071: Yan Vyshatich “stash on Ust-Sheksna” for the trial and reprisal of the rebellious Magi. Excavations have revealed traces of a settlement of the early 11th century (an area of ​​over 3 hectares) with items of Byzantine and Scandinavian origin and treasures of Arab silver from the 10th century. By the 13th century, the area of ​​the trade and craft center increased to 30 hectares. A manor-yard building with palisades and streets running parallel to Sheksna, a blacksmith's and metallurgical complex and the remains of jewelry workshops, writing tools (wrote) were found. In Ust-Sheksna, material traces of pottery, woodworking and bone-carving crafts, fishing and hunting, agricultural tools were found. Numerous lead trade seals and hanging seals found at the excavation site are evidence of the administrative powers of the ancient settlement, including the seal of Davyd Svyatoslavich, the seal of the Suzdal prince Yuri Dolgoruky, the seal of the Greek church hierarch. It is obvious that on the site of the modern city there was a major point of the Volga trade route.

 

Ust-Sheksna arose in Kievan Rus as a Slavic churchyard in the north of the ancient Russian state during the period of the accession of the Finno-Ugric peoples to it and was part of the Rostov volost and the Rostov-Suzdal principality. The favorable location at the confluence of the Volga and Sheksna made it possible to control the water and trade route to the north of the state along Sheksna, to be on the international route Caspian - Sheksna - Baltica and connected the settlement with the rest of the territory of Ancient Rus. During the period of feudal fragmentation (Udelnaya Rus), Ust-Sheksna was part of the Yaroslavl principality and lay on the way to the Belozersk principality, the northern lands of the Rostov and Yaroslavl principalities and the territory of the Novgorod republic. Ust-Sheksna was seriously damaged during the Mongol invasion in 1238. The cultural layer of the 2nd quarter of the 13th century preserved traces of a large fire, in which most of the excavated buildings in the northern part of the settlement perished. Excavations have found a large number of weapons (dozens of arrowheads, spears (spears), battle axes, etc.) and several arrowheads, which are considered characteristic of the weapons of Mongol warriors. In the XIV - XV centuries. Ust-Sheksna was part of the possession of small appanage principalities of the Yaroslavl princes Romanovsky and Shekhonsky, who in 1460 sold their inheritance to Maria Yaroslavna. During the time of appanage principalities, settlements and lands were transferred from one princes to others as a result of redistribution, sale and purchase, donations and inheritance. Vasily II the Dark in the spiritual charter of 1462 granted (approved) to Maria Yaroslavna "her purchase" - the town of Romanov near Yaroslavl (it was acquired by Maria from the princes M.I.Deev and the children of L.D. Zubaty) and Ust-Sheksna (the former possession of princes Semyon and Vasily Shekhonsky). It says: “And I give my princess ... And that her purchase is the town of Romanov, Prince Mikhailovo Deev, and the prince's Lvov children, and Prince Davydovo Zasekina, and Ust-Shokstna, which I bought from the Prince from Semyon and from the Prince from Vasily Shokhonskikh, otherwise she is, then my children do not enter into her ... But what about buying it, Romanov town, and Shokstna, and other volosts and villages in which the town does not wake up, in that will my princess, after his belly to which his son desires to give, ina will give ... And you, my children, listen to your mother in everything, and do not act out of her will in anything. And whoever my son does not have to listen to his mother, but will not be in her will, on that do not wake my blessing ... But whoever will overstep my letter, but according to the Euangil word, who will disobey his father and mother, and does not keep their commandments, let him die ... ”In the 1470s. In connection with the dramatic internal political events, the Grand Duchess was forced to share part of her font (acquisitions) with her son, the appanage prince of Uglitsk, Andrey Vasilyevich Bolshoi. By September 1473, Maria Yaroslavna transferred the town, Ust-Sheksna and many other settlements to the Andrei Bolshoy and Uglitsky principality of Romanov. On September 20, 1492, Ivan III ordered to seize Andrey the Bolshoi and throw him into prison along with his heirs - Ivan (14 years old) and Dmitry (7 years old). After the death of Prince Andrei in November 1493, Ust-Sheksna actually began to belong to the created Russian state and the Grand Duchy of Moscow as part of it and finally lost its administrative functions and its former trade and economic importance due to the liquidation of the appanage principalities.

Rybnaya Sloboda and Ust-Sheksna are mentioned in 1504 in the spiritual letter of Ivan III. As can be seen from the spiritual letters, Ivan III fulfilled the will of Vasily II and did not enter the possession of Ust-Sheksnaya. In his bequest, he transferred Ust-Sheksna to his son Vasily III on the grounds that it belonged to his mother and there are no other heirs. The Rybnaya Sloboda arose at the end of the 15th century under Ivan III, and in 1526 for the first time appears on one of the maps of the Moscow state, which were compiled at that time by foreigners. In the XVI-XVII centuries, the settlement belonged directly to the Moscow tsars (it was a palace) and provided the royal court and Moscow nobles with fish. Documents on the natural fish tax on residents have been preserved (the residents of the Slobozhan paid their dues with red fish in the established amounts). In the 16th century, the Slobozhan people had a monopoly on catching red fish (sturgeon, beluga, white fish, sterlet) for tens of miles around. They owned fishing on the Volga, Sheksna and Mologa, for which the royal charter was issued. The settlement was made of wood, and no monuments have survived from this era in the city.

 

The evidence of the connection between the two settlements is the existence of the "double name" of the Rybnaya Sloboda in the sixteenth century. Ivan the Terrible, who visited her during the "Cyril's Ride" in pious places (during which Tsarevich Dmitry, the eldest son of Ivan the Terrible, died), in 1553 rode (sailed) on ships along the Volga from Uglich "to the Sheksna Ustye (Ust-Sheksna) to Rybnaya "and then along the Sheksna up to the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery. On the way back from the monastery to Moscow, the Tsar and Sovereign of All Russia again went down Sheksnoy, and down the Volga down to Romanov and Yaroslavl. The "double" name could be brought only by the inhabitants of the left bank, who moved to the right bank and signed up as fish fishers in the grand ducal settlement. This resettlement was facilitated by the transfer of fishing along the Sheksna Pravoberezhnaya Sloboda. Archaeologists managed to reveal the explosive growth of the Rybnaya Sloboda territory at the beginning of the 16th century, with a simultaneous sharp reduction in the area of ​​Ust-Sheksna in the same period. The royal family in the 16th century visited the shrines of Rostov, Yaroslavl and Beloozero many times, passing along the Volga and Sheksna through Romanov, Rybnaya Sloboda, Uglich and Mologa in 1503, 1511, 1529, 1531, 1545, 1553 and 1563. These trains (trips) were accompanied by generous royal favors, justice and improved order in all places visited. In the spiritual charter of Ivan the Terrible, Ust-Sheksna is no longer mentioned.

In the 17th century, the first stone buildings were built in the settlement. In St. Petersburg, in the department of manuscripts of the Russian National Library, documents of the Rybnoslobodskaya zemstvo hut are kept. These documents, as well as the scribe book of the palace Lovetskaya fish settlement 1674 - 1676. allow you to imagine the appearance of the settlement, the occupations of its inhabitants, the way of life. In the center, on the main square, there was a stone church - the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord (1654-60). The five-domed church, built in the traditions of Yaroslavl architecture, on a high basement, with galleries, a bell tower and a porch. There was a cemetery adjacent to the church. In the center of the settlement there was a congress yard, a zemstvo hut, customs, a kruzhechny yard, taverns. And like everywhere else in Russia - a trading square with shops, benches, huts, shop places and shelves. There were two shopping areas in Rybnaya Sloboda: one area for constant trade with shops and stalls of the townspeople of Rybnaya Sloboda, where "they trade a week one day on Saturday," trade people from different cities to trade at a fair on Petrov and on the Transfiguration Day. " The center of the settlement was adjoined by rows of suburban yards (fish catchers and townsmen), which continued beyond the Cheremkha River. They were mainly occupied by fishermen, as well as traders and artisans. All fishing trades in Rybnaya Sloboda belonged to Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. A special emphasis in the scribal book is made on the fact that blacksmiths, shoemakers, dye workers, a sveshnik, a tailor, a shapersman also lived in the settlement. Near the settlement there were meadows and mows that belonged to it.

A church in the name of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God (1697), the oldest building in the city, has survived to this day.

 

XVIII - early XX century

In 1777, Rybnaya Sloboda, becoming the center of the district of the Yaroslavl province, received the status of a city and the name Rybnaya. Under the influence of the name of the county, the form of Rybinsk was fixed.

After the transfer of the Russian capital to St. Petersburg in 1712 and the increase in trade through the Baltic ports, Rybnaya Sloboda found itself in a very advantageous geographical position - at the crossroads of routes from St. Petersburg to the Caspian Sea and from Siberia (through the Kama) to the Baltic. The opening of the Vyshnevolotsk water system dramatically increased the amount of cargo passing by the settlement. This was the main reason for the rapid growth of the city in the 18th-19th centuries. Peter I's decrees on the construction of large "new-mannered" vessels forced all this cargo traffic to stop at Rybnaya Sloboda because of the shallow water in the upper Volga.

 

The deep-water route from the lower reaches of the Volga ended here. Several rivers merged in the settlement: the Volga (which received the waters of the Mologa River 32 km upstream of the city of Mologa), Sheksna and Cheryomukha. Above the Rybnaya Sloboda on the Volga, the river was in places so shallow that it was forded. Heavy barges with a large draft and sailing from the Middle and Lower Volga with loads of grain, salt, timber, iron and other goods, could not go further. Therefore, in the settlement, they had to be reloaded onto small vessels suitable for sailing in shallow rivers, along the narrow and cramped channels of the Vyshnevolotsk water system. At the beginning of the 18th century, a special plow pier was established in Rybnaya Sloboda, where cargo was transshipped onto small "Zaryben ships". On the banks of the Volga, grain and salt barns appeared, the number of shops and inns increased. With the fall of fishing, the number of fish fishermen decreased, the number of traders and artisans increased. The Mariinsky and Tikhvin water systems discovered later, connecting the Volga with the Baltic, St. Petersburg and Arkhangelsk (through the Alexander Württemberg canal), increased the flow of goods. In Rybinsk, the water and trade route to the north of Russia began - along Sheksna. All this attracted a huge number of barge haulers to the city. Fishing, as the main source of income for local residents, had become a thing of the past by this time. Trade took the first place. Local merchants sold bread, which they bought here in the city, brought by villagers on trading days, and more they were brought from the regions of the lower reaches of the Volga, as well as from the regions of the rivers: Oka, Kama, Sura, Vyatka, Tsna. From the purchased bread, some of the wheat and rye was ground here into cereal, wheat and rye flour, which, like other bread, was sent to St. Petersburg and other cities lying along the waterway. At the beginning of the 19th century, the turnover of local merchants was more than 700,000 rubles, which was a colossal amount. V. A. Gilyarovsky in his "Guide to the cities of Russia" called Rybinsk "the grain capital of the Volga region" and gave the following description to the city - "This is a huge storehouse of bread going from the lower reaches of the Volga to the north. The bread trade of Rybinsk is so great that all of Russia has to reckon with it. In 1863, a railway was built along Sheksna. In 1868, the created "Society of the Rybinsk - Bologovskaya Railway" began and in 1870 completed the construction of the Rybinsk - Bologoye railway line, which played an important role in the economic and transport development of the region. With the advent of the railroad, the transshipment of goods and cargo began to be carried out into trains. Further, the cargoes went to all parts of Russia and abroad. Thanks to the Rybinsk-Bologoye railway, a railway station, a bridge across the Cheryomukha and railway workshops (on the basis of which the Raskat road machinery plant is currently operating) appeared in the city. At the beginning of the 20th century, up to 1.5 million tons of bread and goods were brought to Rybinsk, worth about 75 million rubles. Only a relatively insignificant part of the bread was ground in local flour mills and used to brew beer. The city had a large storage facility. At this time, residents of neighboring cities, which economic development have bypassed, are moving to Rybinsk: Uglich, Bezhetsk, etc. The transshipment of goods in the summer attracted a large number of scrapers, hookers and goat workers to the city (loaders who wore a special device on their backs, similar to on the back, goat horns on a frame, thanks to which they carried bags of grain and other bulk cargo from pier to pier), which lived right on the shore and many times exceeded the number of permanent residents. So, at the beginning of the 20th century, in the winter season, the city's population was 25 thousand people, and during the navigation period it quadrupled. There were many marinas in the city along the coast, including the steamship marinas of all the largest companies: Airplane, On the Volga, Caucasus and Mercury, Nadezhda, Rus, etc. Massive development of the shipping company on the Volga, cargo transportation up the Volga and Sheksna with the help of tuers, as well as the appearance of the railway, led to the fact that by the end of the 19th century there were no barge haulers on the Volga.

 

Industry also developed in the city. By the 70s of the 18th century, there were two factories in Rybnaya Sloboda - linen and glass, founded by the Nechaev brothers. At the beginning of the 19th century, small enterprises and factories functioned in the city: leather, butter, cereals, candle, rope, dyeing and brick factories. Since the second half of the 19th century, the development of industry has accelerated. The merchant Nikolai Mikhailovich Zhuravlev in 1859 built in the vicinity of the city in the village of Abakumovo the largest rope-spinning mill and a steam sawmill in Europe. Here, in 1863, the merchant Zhuravlev founded an iron foundry mechanical and shipbuilding factories, a brick factory was also built (the enterprises were located on the Sheksna river in the area of ​​the Rybinsk hydroelectric power station building and were flooded during the construction of the reservoir in 1940). His work was continued by his son, Mikhail Nikolaevich Zhuravlev, who turned the village of Abakumovo into "little England" and became an honorary citizen of Rybinsk.

In the city, the iron foundry of Golovkin (1862) (later became known as the Rybinsk plant of woodworking machines), large flour mills and mills of merchants E.S. Kalashnikov and the Heirs of A.I. A. V. Zhilova. The city also had mills with a small number of workers: the Shustov and Co. Partnerships, NV Rastorguev, NI Myrkin, and others. In 1879, the Bohemia brewery was founded by the Rybinsk merchant Ivan Durdin. The author of the project was the architect from St. Petersburg V.F. Gekker. The plant became the largest in the Yaroslavl province and brought its owner the fame of the "Beer King".

In Rybinsk in 1893, oil depots were built by the Nobel Brothers Oil Production Partnership (BraNobel), and in 1907 the Nobel brothers founded ship repair shops to service their fleet to service their fleet. This enterprise still exists (the Nobel Brothers Shipyard).

During the First World War, the enterprises that gave rise to the existing factories were evacuated to the city (on the basis of the Phoenix enterprise, Polygraphmash arose, and on the basis of the Resora plant, the Vympel shipbuilding enterprise). In 1916, the construction of the Russian Renault automobile plant began, from which the engine-building plant later "grew".

Since the 18th century, the city has been built up according to a single plan created by the Yaroslavl provincial architect I. Levengagen in 1784: some streets are parallel to the Volga bank, others are strictly perpendicular, the quarters are square in the plan. The main street of the city was Krestovaya, stretched along the Volga. In Rybinsk, two- and three-story mansions were erected, standard designs of which were adopted in the Russian Empire.

Due to the large number of merchants, the city was distinguished by the high prosperity of its inhabitants. With its small size, small population and county status, Rybinsk had many institutions characteristic of large cities: gymnasiums, schools, libraries (1864 - a public library at the grain exchange, 1880 - a zemstvo library), a comfortable embankment, city parks, temples of all denominations (except for the Orthodox - Old Believers, a church, a Lutheran church, a synagogue). In the second half of the 19th century, in connection with the further development of trade and the emergence of large-scale industry in the city, the largest banks of Russia open their branches: the State, Volzhsko-Kamsky, Russian-Asian and others.

In 1860, a printing house was built, which developed into a large enterprise that still functions today (currently under the name of OJSC Rybinsk Printing House).

A newspaper has been published in the city since 1864. In 1876, according to the project of the architect V. A. Schroeter, a large theater was built, on the stage of which almost all famous artists of pre-revolutionary Russia visited on tour (burned down in 1921 and dismantled into bricks). The Rybinsk Bread Exchange, opened in 1842, was the third exchange in Russia and the first in the province; in 1912 a new exchange building was built next to the old one. At the beginning of the 20th century, a power plant, a water supply system, and electric street lighting appeared in the city.

The future rector of the People's University in Turku S. Nyman described Rybinsk through which he passed in 1889: “Rybinsk is located on the left bank of the Volga, it is a real Russian provincial city. I compare its dirty streets to fields strewn with stones. Most of the buildings are low, hastily hammered together from rough logs, and the cutting of the corners is such that the logs protrude outward. Stone buildings are modest, if you do not take into account the city's seven churches, some of which are impressive in their stateliness. Nevertheless, Rybinsk is of great importance as a port city on the Volga.

 

1917-1945 years

Soviet power in Rybinsk was established on March 2, 1918. On July 8, 1918, the White Guard Rybinsk uprising took place in the city, which was suppressed for several hours.

In 1921-1923 the city was the center of the Rybinsk province, and in 1929-1930 - the Rybinsk district. Since 1936 - part of the Yaroslavl Region.

A new stage in the development of Rybinsk began with the industrialization of the country. Since the early 1930s, the city has grown rapidly, turning from a commercial to an industrial one. On the basis of the Russian Renault plant, the largest engine-building plant in the city is being created, mainly producing aircraft engines. In 1932, the Rybinsk Aviation Institute named after V.I. S. Ordzhonikidze.

Unlike many Soviet cities, this enterprise was never "city-forming"; there were many other large enterprises in the city: a printing machine plant, shipbuilding plants, and a road machinery plant. The river port and associated warehouses, including grain elevators, continued to play an important role. In 1936, a terminal elevator was built near the Rybinsk-Tovarny railway station, the largest in Europe at the time of construction.

Around the factories, workers' settlements grow, which gave names to the city microdistricts: Vostochny, Severny and Zapadny around the engine-building plant, Old and New - near the shipbuilding boat-building plant, Volzhsky - next to the Mechanical plant. In the 1930s, the city's territory takes on a modern shape, many settlements are part of Rybinsk: the villages of Perebory, Kopaevo, Volzhsky, the village of the hydroelectric power station GES-14, as well as the Trans-Volga region, where many people were resettled from the flooded zone.

In 1936, within the framework of the Big Volga project, the construction of the Rybinsk hydroelectric power station and the hydroelectric complex began. The project pursued several goals: to provide a deep-water route from the Volga to the Baltic and to the Moskva River, as well as to provide the growing industrial center with electricity. The construction was carried out by the Volgostroy organization, with the involvement of a large number of Volgolag prisoners.

In Perebory, in the place where the Volga was especially shallow, a two-line sluice and an overflow dam of the Rybinsk reservoir were built. The dam of the hydroelectric power station blocked the bed of the Sheksna, which now merged with the Volga into one reservoir above the dam. The Rybinsk reservoir is unusually wide and shallow, it flooded large areas of land in the floodplains of the Sheksna and Mologa rivers, for which this project is criticized. The reservoir, in addition to many villages and villages, flooded the city of Mologa, whose population was mostly relocated to Rybinsk.

The construction was almost completed before the start of the Great Patriotic War; in 1941, filling of the Rybinsk reservoir began. The unfinished hydroelectric power station still gave current during the war: on November 18, 1941, the first hydroelectric unit was launched, and on January 15, 1942, the second; in 1942, after the construction of a power line, the Rybinsk current came to Moscow.

During the Great Patriotic War, residents of the city with technical specialties especially often served in aviation and tank forces. Many of them were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In 1941, the Pushkin Tank School was evacuated to the city of Rybinsk. The hostilities did not directly affect the city, but defensive structures were erected on the approaches along the Volga, the remains of which have survived to this day. The city, enterprises, warehouses were bombarded by German aviation. A number of strategic facilities, including the aircraft engine plant and the aviation institute, were evacuated to the city of Ufa, where they gave rise to local facilities (Ufa Engine-Building Production Association, Ufa State Aviation Technical University). Many residents of the city, evacuated to Ufa, settled there forever. However, after a while, these objects were recreated in Rybinsk.

In early June 1942, a single German aircraft, unnoticed by VNOS posts, flew 450 km from the front line and freely dropped a VM1000 mine at the aircraft engine plant in Rybinsk.

 

Although the city was not in the front line, there were 3 GSS: fighter pilots who shot down more than 10 German soldiers each. German massive raids aimed at destroying the building of the hydroelectric power station with turbines or at least the dam continued until mid-1942. To counter these raids, the Rybinsk squadron was created with about 15 fighters: Yak-1 and Yak-3. Its peculiarity was that they did not draw stars on the fuselages for the downed aircraft - because there were about 40 pilots in this detachment, they were on duty according to the schedule, and they were given another aircraft ready for battle (today one, tomorrow another). In 1941 there were a couple of YAKs on duty hanging over the hydroelectric station around the clock; when bombardier officers were spotted, they started a battle - even with a much superior enemy, knowing that in a maximum of 7 minutes, 3 more deuces of fighters on duty would take off to their aid. Such an organization led to the fact that about 50 bombers were shot down over Rybinsk in 1.5 years, which managed to drop only 2 bombs on the target: one damaged the road along the dam, and the other destroyed part of the wall of the hydroelectric power station building. without damaging the turbines themselves.

In 1946 the city was renamed Shcherbakov (in honor of the politician Alexander Shcherbakov), but already in 1957 the historical name Rybinsk was returned to it. However, in 1984 the city was renamed again - already in Andropov (in honor of General Secretary Yuri Andropov), and in 1989 the name of Rybinsk was returned again. The renaming of the city to Andropov was formal: road and other signs did not change, as did the names and seals of city organizations, enterprises and postal addresses. The return of the historical name Rybinsk was just as formal.

Although at the beginning of World War II the Rybinsk Reservoir was not completely filled, and in 1941 only one turbine supplied current (and since the spring of 1942, two were already connected), it was originally conceived as a strategic object - a backup source of electricity for the most important facilities in Moscow: The Kremlin, General Staff, radio broadcasting, railway stations. Therefore, unlike other power plants, electricity from the Rybinsk hydroelectric power station was supplied to a special substation in Moscow not by power lines, but by an underground armored cable. It was due to this underground backup cable that the supply of electricity to Moscow's strategic facilities was never interrupted, despite the fierce bombing of enemy aircraft, even when the thermal power plants near Moscow were disabled.

 

Post-war period

On September 13, 1946, the city was renamed into Shcherbakov in honor of the politician A.S. Shcherbakov, but already in October 1957 the historical name of Rybinsk was returned to it. However, on March 15, 1984, the city was renamed again - already in Andropov, in honor of the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov (who at one time lived and studied here), and in March 1989 the name Rybinsk was returned again.

After the war, instrument-making (Rybinsk Instrument-Making Plant), an electrical industry (Rybinsk Cable Plant, Electromechanical Plant "Magma"), a large optical-mechanical plant "Prism" appeared in the city. The woodworking (furniture and woodworking plant "Svoboda", the match factory "Mayak") and the food industry, as well as mechanical engineering developed: a hydromechanization plant, a plant of woodworking machines appeared, and on the basis of the mechanical workshops of Volgostroi in the village of Volzhsky, the Volzhsky machine-building plant, specializing in medium mechanical engineering. Due to the large concentration of enterprises that were of a strategic nature and worked, among other things, for the military-industrial complex, Rybinsk was a “semi-closed” city (although it was not officially closed): it was hardly visited by tourists (especially foreign ones).

The city was actively developing: new residential neighborhoods were built (Veretie-1,2,3, Skomorokhova Gora, new Center), social facilities, and the transport network expanded. To intensify housing construction, a house-building plant was commissioned in the 1960s.

Since the mid-1960s, construction of high-rise buildings began in the city. In 1966, the first nine-storey buildings appeared in Rybinsk, and already in 1967 the first 12-storey building in the Yaroslavl region was built. In the 1970s, massive construction of 14-storey tower-type buildings was carried out, in the 1980s, 16-storey buildings were erected. Along with typical regional houses (1-447, 1-464, 111-121, 114-85, 114-86), high-comfort houses were built in Rybinsk according to Leningrad projects (1-528KP-41, 1-528KP-84E, Sh-5733, Shch-5416, 1LG-504D).

 

In 1963, an automobile bridge across the Volga was put into operation in Rybinsk, which connected the city center with the Zavolzhye-1 and Slip (Zavolzhye-2) microdistricts, in which one of the city's shipyards is located. In 1963, the city was connected to the main natural gas. In 1976 the trolleybus network was launched, in 1977 - the city ring road.

The population of the city grew steadily and in the late 1980s it exceeded 250 thousand people.

In 1986 Andropov (at that time the name of Rybinsk) received the status of a historical city.

 

Modernity

Economic reforms and the crisis of the 1990s, a decrease in funding for the defense industry had a negative impact on the social and economic development of Rybinsk. The electrotechnical plant “Magma”, the optical-mechanical plant “Prizma”, the Rybinsk plant of woodworking machines, the match factory “Mayak”, the Rybinsk confectionery factory, and construction trust No. 16 with a house-building plant ceased to exist. One of the largest in the city, the Volzhsky machine-building plant, has disappeared, on the site of which OEC UEC - Gas Turbines and JSC Russian Mechanics are now operating. Many enterprises have undergone downsizing, mainly in the production of civilian products. The construction of many residential buildings and social facilities was frozen. All this caused an outflow of the population and, together with the demographic decline of the 1990s, led to a sharp decline in the city's population: over 25 years, the city's population decreased by almost 60 thousand people (24%).

According to the results of voting on September 4, 2005, the city has been endowed with the status of an urban district since 2006. In 2010 Rybinsk was deprived of the status of a historical city.

After 1991, Rybinskelektrokabel CJSC (jointly with Prysmian) and the NPO Krista software development company appeared in Rybinsk. In 2014, the Russian Gas Turbines LLC plant was launched (together with General Electric). Since 2010 There has been a revival in housing construction, mainly with 3-5 storey brick elevatorless buildings with gas heating for apartments.

In 2007, after restoration, the Transfiguration Cathedral was reopened - the cathedral of the Rybinsk diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church.

Since 2010, work has been carried out at many objects: the Nikolskaya chapel has been restored, the railway station and Vokzalnaya square have been reconstructed, parks have been landscaped. Feigina, park on the street. Dmitrova, Karjakinsky Garden, Red Square was reconstructed, a new park was built in Marievka, a children's park in the Perebory microdistrict was landscaped, a park in the Volzhsky microdistrict was restored, new houses were built, hockey and sports grounds were being revived, nursery buildings were built in different parts of the city, built and repaired highways, bank protection of the Volga river is being carried out.

In 2016, the city took part in the regional program "We will equip the region for the anniversary" (improvement of yards, park areas, municipal institutions, road repair). Within the framework of Dmitry Mironov's governor's project "We Decide Together!" in the period from 2017 to 2020, the city carried out measures to improve the territories: repair of courtyards and driveways to apartment buildings; repairs in educational institutions, culture and sports schools, improvement of parks, squares in different parts of the city.

In 2020, a new school for 800 students was opened in the Slip microdistrict as part of the Education National Project

 

Geography

Geographical position

Rybinsk is located on the Mologo-Sheksninskaya lowland on the banks of the Volga River in a flat, sometimes swampy area, near the river’s outlet from the Rybinsk reservoir, formed near the confluence of the Sheksna River and the Volga River.

The city is located at the northernmost point of the Volga. Before Rybinsk it flows mainly to the northeast, and from Rybinsk it turns to the southeast. The city is oriented along the river, lies on both banks, but the historical part is located on the right bank. The length of Rybinsk along the Volga is 22 kilometers with a width of no more than 6 kilometers.

The conditional border of the zone of mixed forests and taiga passes through the city.

The city is located 270 km north of Moscow and 82 km northwest of Yaroslavl.

 

Hydrography

The historical center of the city is limited by the Volga rivers, its right tributary Cheryomukha, the left tributary of Cheryomukha Korovka and the left tributary of Korovka Dresvyanka or Pakhomovsky stream. The area on the right bank of the Cheryomukha in the city is called “Behind the Cheryomukha,” and the outskirts along the right bank of the Pakhomovsky stream is called “Behind the Pakhomovsky Bridge.” The small river Utkash, flowing into the Volga downstream of Cheryomukha, separates the eastern part of the city - Kopaevo. Another right tributary of the Volga, the Fominsky Stream, flows along the northwestern outskirts and separates the Perebory microdistrict from the city. The Krutets stream and the Selyanka river flow in the left bank part of the city, separating its eastern outskirts - Slip - from the Trans-Volga part of the city. A tributary of the Sheksna, the Inopash stream, borders the Trans-Volga part from the north.

Within the city limits there is a hydroelectric complex of the Rybinsk hydroelectric power station, which forms the Rybinsk reservoir. The peculiarity of the Rybinsk hydroelectric complex is that it is located on two rivers: the Volga and Sheksna. The Sheksna, Volga and Mologa rivers merged to form a wide but shallow reservoir. A rather long island formed between the old bed of the Sheksna, the reservoir and the Volga.

 

Timezone

Rybinsk is located in the MSC time zone (Moscow time). The applied time offset relative to UTC is +3:00. In accordance with the applied time and geographic longitude, average solar noon in Rybinsk occurs at 12:21.

 

Climate

The city is located in a temperate continental climate zone, with a strong moderating influence of the Atlantic. Winter begins in the second half of November and lasts four months, with frequent thaws. The coldest month is January, when there are frosts down to −30...35°C. There have been no severe winters in recent years. Spring comes in the second half of March and lasts about 2 months. The weather in spring is usually dry and partly cloudy, the temperature rises quickly and the snow completely melts. Summer begins in the second half of May, but short-term returns of cold weather are possible. Summer is moderately warm and humid, lasting about three and a half months. The warmest month is July, when the weather is often hot with daytime temperatures up to +30 degrees. Autumn begins in early September, but the temperature decreases slowly, so the weather is relatively warm and sunny until the middle of the month. At the end of September the weather becomes cloudy and it rains often. Frosts begin in October, and the first snow may fall in the second half of the month. The average temperature in October is +5 degrees. In November, the air temperature is usually unstable and varies greatly from year to year. This can be either the last month of autumn, with cloudy weather and frequent rains, or the first month of winter, with frosts and stable snow cover. The average temperature in January is −10.2°C, in July +18.3°C. Annual precipitation is 650 mm.

In late fall and early winter, when the reservoir is not yet frozen, lake effect snow may occur when a cold front passes.

 

Paleontology

In the vicinity of Rybinsk, fossils of temnospondyl amphibians that lived in the Early Triassic period were discovered. Fossil remains of Thoosuchus and Benthosuchus were found in the upper part of the Rybinsk horizon of the Lower Olenek substage.

 

Coat of arms and flag

The coat of arms of the city of Rybinsk was granted by decree of August 3, 1777 by Empress Catherine II (as was the status of the city). Approved by law of June 20, 1778. “A shield in a scarlet field: the main part of the Yaroslavl viceroyal coat of arms: a bear emerging from across the river, holding a golden ax in its left paw, a pier at that river; two sterlet prove the abundance of that fish.”

The Rybinsk coat of arms is a red shield divided into two parts. At the top there is a bear coming out from behind the river with a golden ax on his left shoulder, showing that the city belongs to the Yaroslavl region. The red color of the field symbolizes courage, courage, and fearlessness. In the lower part there is a blue belt and two sterlets, indicating an abundance of water and fish. Two staircases go from the water to the hill, marking the pier from which Catherine II went up to the Rybinsk Cathedral on May 9, 1767 to listen to the Divine Liturgy.

The sterlet on the coat of arms of Rybinsk is associated precisely with the presence of rifts on the Volga above Pereborov. This “royal” fish of the sturgeon family was delivered to the royal table from Rybinsk.