Location: Yaroslavl Oblast
Rybinsk is located in the Yaroslavl region on the banks of the
Volga, next to the dam of the reservoir of the same name. The second
largest city in the region and the administrative center of the
Rybinsk region.
Rybinsk is not one of the cities of the
Golden Ring, and it is not particularly favored by cruises on the
Volga, although in general the city is very interesting and unusual
- the only one in Central Russia that grew up on the Volga trade,
and therefore in some ways resembles the cities of the Volga region.
The old, pre-revolutionary buildings, wooden and stone mansions,
Orthodox churches and even a church have been well preserved here.
You can also combine sightseeing in the city with a vacation in one
of the country holiday homes, sanatoriums or park hotels located on
the Volga River, Cheremukha and the Rybinsk Reservoir. The
picturesque nature of the surrounding area attracts tourists from
Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Yaroslavl.
In recent years, the
historical center of the city has been actively reconstructed while
preserving the historical buildings and surroundings. Cleanliness
and pre-revolutionary signs on shops across Yat add charm and
surprise tourists who come here.
Due to the proximity of the reservoir, the city's humidity is high, exacerbating the effects of low temperatures in winter. There have been no severe winters in recent years. Winter is relatively mild, lasting four to five months, with frequent thaws. Summer begins in the second half of May and lasts approximately 3.5 months. In summer, especially in July, it can be very hot - up to +30 °C. The average long-term temperature in January is −8.8 °C, in July +18.8 °C.
The city is located on the Mologo-Sheksna Lowland in a flat area
along the Volga River near the Rybinsk Reservoir and has a length of
approximately 22 kilometers and a width of no more than 6 kilometers.
The historical part of the city has retained the regular layout of the
late 18th - early 19th centuries. with a rectangular network of streets
tied to the direction of the Volga embankment, and is built up mainly
with two- and three-story houses according to “exemplary” projects in
the classicist style adopted at that time in the Russian Empire.
The central and most interesting part of the city stretches along the
Volga and is roughly limited by the railway and the Cheremukha River in
the south and east, and Svoboda Street in the west. Outside the center,
in addition to residential buildings, quite large areas are occupied by
industrial zones. On the outskirts of the city there are typical
microdistricts, which in rare cases can be interesting. However,
especially inquisitive travelers go to Perebory to visit the locks, and
the Volzhsky microdistrict on the left bank of the Volga is of interest
to lovers of nostalgia for the atmosphere of the USSR. The Zavolzhye
area on the left side of the Volga behind the bridge at the sights is
poor.
The two main streets of the city with attractions are
Volzhskaya Embankment and Krestovaya Street, parallel to it, which turns
into Bolshaya Kazanskaya on one side and Lenin Avenue on the other. 60%
of attractions are concentrated in the vicinity of these highways.
Volzhskaya embankment. The length is about 3 km. A favorite walking
place for townspeople and tourists. There is a rental of roller skates,
bicycles (about 200 rubles/hour), and sports equipment (Volzhskaya
Embankment St., 167).
Krestovaya Street (the main historical street
of the city). Interesting pre-revolutionary buildings and shop signs,
decorated in the style of the late 19th century.
1 Red Square. In
the 19th century it was the center of trade in Rybinsk. The buildings of
the Red and Muchny Gostiny Dvors have been preserved. Successfully
reconstructed in 2017.
2 Cathedral Square. Historically, the central
square of the city, on which the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral is
located, and from which Krestovaya, Boulevard and Bol diverge.
Kazanskaya street.
The area named after Derunova (formerly
Yubileynaya) (by public transport to the Derunova Square stop or on
foot). Probably the largest square in the city, where there is the
largest city fountain, a monument to Derunov and the building of the
aviation college, built in 1905 as a technical school. In 2021, instead
of the outdated fountain with a bowl, a flat fountain with lighting was
installed. The square itself was also completely renovated. Currently,
the most significant city events take place on this square.
Boulevard
street (Cheremukhi embankment). Along the street from Cathedral Square
to Sovetskaya Square, where the Amusement Park is located, it is easy to
walk along the Cheremukha River Embankment through a green square. The
area of the park is clean, but is in disrepair and needs reconstruction
and restoration.
Sovetskaya Square (former Teatralnaya Square). At
the end of the 19th century, there was a city drama theater near the
square, which burned down and was dismantled into bricks. There is also
a very beautiful building of the merchant Myrkin, or as it is also
called, the Moorish Castle. The square is not pedestrian and is used for
traffic.
3 The building of the new grain exchange, Volzhskaya embankment, 2.
In the 19th century, the Rybinsk grain exchange was the largest in
Russia. Currently, the Rybinsk State Historical, Architectural and Art
Museum-Reserve is located here.
4 Fire tower, Stoyalaya street, 30.
With a height of 48 meters, the Rybinsk tower is one of the highest in
Russia. Built in 1912. No tours available.
House of Artists, st.
Pushkina, 52. An excellent example of wooden architecture of the early
twentieth century.
Petrovskoye Estate, st. Sverdlova, 26. Family
estate of the noble family of Mikhalkov. Now part of the territory is
occupied by a cadet corps, trying to maintain the park and thereby save
it from complete ruin. In Petrovsky Park on the banks of the Volga there
is a white gazebo topped with a boat. The manor house was destroyed,
leaving only one water tower in a dilapidated state.
House of
merchant Popov, Preobrazhensky lane, 2. The only surviving residential
building built in the 18th century. At the beginning of the 20th
century, the building housed the office of the oil industrial and
trading company "MAZUT". Nowadays it houses the House of Porcelain
store, where you can buy sets from Russian porcelain factories.
Flour
Gostiny Dvor, Stoyalaya Street, 13. Flour Gostiny Dvor occupies a block
from Red Square to Stoyalaya Street. After restoration, the building was
given over to house the funds of the Rybinsk Museum-Reserve. The oldest
market in the city, Mytny, is located in the courtyard of the Flour
Rows.
Red Gostiny Dvor, Red Square, 3. Built in 1873-1875 in the
image and likeness of the Flour Gostiny Dvor. Gostiny Dvor is still used
for its intended purpose; it houses shops, cafes, and consumer service
enterprises. The building also houses a piano museum and a tourist
information center.
House of the cathedral clergy, Krestovaya street,
7. The house where the clergyman of the Transfiguration Cathedral Alexey
Zolotarev lived. His son Alexey Alekseevich played a particularly
important role in the cultural development and spiritual prosperity of
Rybinsk. He personally knew A.M. Gorky, F.I. Shalyapin, I.A. Bunin,
wrote stories, worked as a librarian in Capri. In 1918, he headed the
local scientific society. Later, the famous orientalist Nikolai Nevsky
and the clergyman, one of the organizers of the observatory in Rybinsk,
Alexander Obraztsov, lived in the House of the Cathedral Clergy.
House of A. Sedov, Krestovaya street, 23. Property of the Rybinsk
merchant I.F. Krasheninnikova.
Shipworkers' Hospital (burlatsk
hospital) (building of an ensemble of wooden buildings on the left bank
of the Volga). Built at the end of the 19th century, the condition is
deplorable. The complex was built at the expense of Rybinsk merchants
and townspeople in 1884-1892 for the treatment of barge haulers during
the navigation season. Barge haulers and other working people could
receive medical care, bed, food and decent clothing here.
The
building of the former steam mill of the merchant Efrem Kalashnikov, st.
Volzhskaya Embankment, 19. The impressive building of what was once one
of the largest Rybinsk mills resembles a medieval castle. A
House of
merchant Myrkin (Moorish castle), st. Sovetskaya, 2. The house on
Teatralnaya (now Sovetskaya) street was erected in 1880 by merchant Ivan
Filippovich Myrkin. His family never decided to use the majestic mansion
for living, so until the revolutionary events of 1917 they rented it out
for the Rybinsk branch of the State Bank of the Russian Empire. During
the Soviet era, various institutions were located here. The building is
being restored.
Myrkinsky baths building, st. Sovetskaya, 12. They
were founded in 1859 by the merchant I. Skobelev and are the oldest
baths in the city. They received the name after they were transferred to
the mayor I. Myrkin. By the standards of the 19th century, the baths
were built on a large scale, occupied a large building, had male and
female sections, rooms for people of different status and income, were
supplied with water from the Cheremukha River, which flows nearby, using
a steam engine, and were provided with hot water.
The building of the
old grain exchange (Pilot Exchange), st. Volzhskaya embankment, 4. The
opening of the exchange in the style of classicism took place on July
18, 1811 in the presence of the Governor-General of the Yaroslavl
province Mikhail Golitsin. During the Soviet years, a river station and
water police were located here. Needs restoration.
The building of
the former Zemstvo Government (House of the Rybinsk Zemstvo), st.
Krestovaya, 77/8. Built in 1875 in the eclectic style according to the
design of the architect Yarovitsky, partially rebuilt in 1912 according
to the design of N. Yu. Lermontov and served as an administrative public
building. Here in 1909 a city astronomical observatory appeared, which
has not survived to this day, but until 2021 the oldest city pharmacy
operated. The pharmacy closed in early July 2021. Now the building
houses various city departments and organizations.
Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral, st. Krestovaya, 23. daily from 7.30
to 19.30. The pearl of the historical center of Rybinsk. Built from 1838
to 1845. in the style of "classicism". In the temple there are icons of
St. Theodore of Sanaksar with a particle of his relics, the holy
righteous warrior Theodore Ushakov with a particle of his relics, and an
icon of St. Nicholas. Until the 30s of the last century, the ensemble of
the cathedral also included the warm St. Nicholas Church, built in 1720,
which stood next to the Volga side, on the site where the road is now.
In Soviet times, the cathedral building alternately housed a vegetable
storehouse, a river station and even a theater at different times. In
the last years of Soviet power, an archive was located here.
Church
of the Ascension, st. Truda, 2/ st. Zheleznodorozhnaya, 43 (located near
the railway station). The church is part of the architectural ensemble
of the Ascension-St. George parish.
Church, st. Pushkina, 57. Church
- Heart of Jesus, is considered the easternmost and only church in the
Upper Volga region. The initiative to open a Catholic church belonged to
the Poles, who were exiled here in 1863 for participating in the Polish
uprising. The church was built with government permission in 1910, made
of red brick in the pseudo-Gothic style. Used as a student club.
Nikolskaya Chapel, Volzhskaya embankment, 6. Built in 1867 with private
funds, in 1927 given for economic needs. Later the dome was demolished
and a second floor was added. Until 2010, the building housed the water
police. In 2010-2011, restoration work was carried out and now you can
see this beautiful building in an updated and original form.
St.
George's Church, st. Truda, 2/ st. Zheleznodorozhnaya, 43 (located near
the railway station). The church is part of the architectural ensemble
of the Ascension-St. George parish. On the territory there is one of the
oldest city cemeteries.
Church of the Iveron Icon of the Mother of
God, st. Aleksandrovskaya, 12. The church in honor of the Iveron Icon of
the Mother of God is located on the left bank, immediately behind the
Volzhsky Bridge.
Sretenskaya Church, st. Krestovaya, 104 (in the very
center of the city, opposite the Yubileiny department store). It was
built in the “pseudo-Byzantine style” in 1868-1873. designed by St.
Petersburg architect M.A. Shchurupova. Before the revolution, the church
was part of the ensemble of the Holy Cross Church with a separate
five-tier bell tower, built in 1863, and served as a summer church. The
Holy Cross Church itself, which was built from 1834 to 1846. in the
style of “classicism”, and which was no less impressive than the
Transfiguration Cathedral (and very similar to it), in the 30s of the
twentieth century they were dismantled along with the bell tower, and
military barracks were built in their place. Sretenskaya Church
survived, being behind a concrete fence on the territory of a military
unit. It alternately housed various institutions: a dance floor, a
hairdresser, a warehouse and a gym. Currently, the restoration of the
church continues.
Church of St. Tikhon of Zadonsk, st. Lugovaya, 7 a.
Built in 1882 with funds from G.A. Umnova, I.F. Myrkina, N.D.
Zhivushcheva. In 1892-1893, at the expense of N.D. Zhivushchev, a chapel
was added - in memory of the miraculous deliverance of the August Family
from the threatening danger during the crash of the imperial train in
1888. In 1901, the Church of the “Joy of All Who Sorrow” of the icon of
the Mother of God at the hospital was assigned to the temple. The Church
of “Joy of All Who Sorrow”, originally built of wood, then rebuilt of
brick, was rebuilt into a residential building in Soviet times, later,
around the 1970s, the building was demolished and was located near the
Durdin brewery, approximately on the site of the modern shopping center
parking lot "Space". In 1932, the temple of the saint was closed; during
the Soviet period, the temple housed a workshop and warehouse for a
motor transport enterprise. In 1997 it was transferred to the Russian
Orthodox Church.
Compound of the former Yugskaya Dorofeeva Hermitage,
st. Stoyalaya, 6. The Yugskaya Dorofeeva Hermitage itself was flooded in
1941 during the construction of the Rybinsk hydroelectric power station
and the formation of the reservoir. The most interesting part of the
ensemble of the courtyard is the corner square chapel. A watch workshop
operated in the chapel building for many years.
Temple of the Tolga
Icon of the Mother of God of the Russian Orthodox Church, st.
Radishcheva, 2 (not far from Sovetskaya Square). Initially, in 1872, a
chapel was built here at the expense of the Ozerov townspeople. In
1902-1903 on the site of dilapidated buildings, a new stone courtyard
building with a church in the name of the Tolga Icon of the Mother of
God of the Moscow Patriarchate was built. During Soviet times, the
building served as a warehouse, a club for teachers and medical workers,
and in 2007 it was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Old Believer
Church. In 2018, the temple was transferred to the Russian Orthodox
Church.
Church in the name of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God,
st. Bolshaya Kazanskaya, 1 (walking straight from Cathedral Square along
Bolshaya Kazanskaya Street). The oldest temple in Rybinsk (1697),
ancient frescoes have been preserved inside. Before the revolution, the
church was part of the ensemble of the Vvedensky Church with a separate
four-tier bell tower and served as a summer church. In 1934, the
Vvedenskaya Church was closed and rebuilt into a 3-story residential
building (it stands right next to it), and the city archive was located
in the Kazan Church. The bell tower was demolished. Currently, the
church in the name of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God is
operational.
All Saints Church (Temple of All Saints), st.
Sofiyskaya, 6 (located about 700 meters from the station, take bus 12 to
the Gagarina street stop and about 200 meters on foot.). All Saints
Church was built in 1914 in the “pseudo-Byzantine style.” After the
revolution on February 16, 1930, the temple was closed, decapitated, and
the church building housed the Rybinskglavprokat film office, and later
gas services. Currently, the temple is being restored and is not
operational; you can only see it from the outside, since gas services
are still located there, and the church is surrounded by a fence with
barbed wire around the perimeter. At the All Saints Cemetery, one of the
oldest in the city along with Georgievsky, there is a military memorial
to those who fell during the Great Patriotic War, where more than 2,000
people who died from wounds in Rybinsk hospitals are buried. Across the
road is the old Jewish cemetery.
Former Church of the Trinity
Life-Giving Old Believer Pomeranian Community (Old Believer Prayer
House), st. Radishcheva, 50. Architect: G.V.Sarenko. The main builders
and trustees of the church were Rybinsk Old Believers merchants,
including: Raspletins, Pudovs, Neopikhanovs, Miklyutins, Kondratyevs,
Sokolovs and many others. Construction began in 1909 at the corner of
Vozdvizhenskaya and Ivanovskaya streets (now Lunacharsky and
Radishchev), and was completed in 1912. After the church building was
seized by order of the Regional Executive Committee in 1929, the main
building of the music school No. 1 named after P.I. Tchaikovsky was
located in this building for many years, for which the building was
decapitated, rebuilt inside, and work was done within the walls of the
building many windows.
Synagogue building, st. Chkalova, 47 a. It was
built in 1916. In 1930, the synagogue was nationalized; for two years it
was transferred to the youth organization of the river fleet, where the
club of the Communist Youth Union was located, and after the Great
Patriotic War, a children's sports school was located here. In 2015, the
building of the Synagogue was transferred to the Rybinsk Jewish
community "Lechaim". Now there is a trampoline center here.
Sophia
Convent, Shosseiny lane. 4 (next to Sofiyskaya Street, on the banks of
the Korovka River). It was founded in 1860. By 1917, the ensemble of the
St. Sophia Monastery had 4 churches, the main one of which was the St.
Sophia Cathedral, as well as 10 two-story buildings located around the
perimeter. On November 28, 1923, the monastery was closed and the
Rybinsk executive committee placed a children's colony here. In 1934,
the monastery territories were occupied by the NKVD prison. Later, A.I.
Solzhenitsyn sat here, waiting for transfer. Nowadays, most of the
buildings are occupied by a pre-trial detention center. The temples are
destroyed and the territory of the monastery is a pitiful sight.
Bridge over the Volga, Volzhskaya embankment. One of the most
beautiful bridges across the Volga. Built in 1957-63. The only bridge in
Rybinsk across the Volga, instead of the three supposed to be according
to the city development master plan.
Rybinsk locks and waterworks.
The Rybinsk hydroelectric complex on the western edge of the city is one
of the oldest and largest on the Volga. On the left bank, on the island
between the lock and the hydroelectric power station, closer to the
latter, there is a Stalinist town for hydraulic builders. The Rybinsk
hydroelectric power station is clearly visible from the right bank of
the Volga, from the Volzhskaya embankment, if you look at the confluence
of the Volga and Sheksna rivers.
Brewery "Bohemia" , st. Rabochaya,
48. It was built by Rybinsk merchant Ivan Durdin in 1879, who after that
became known as the “beer king of the province.” The plant has retained
its historical appearance to this day. When producing beer, the Durdin
traditions of making a foamy drink are not forgotten - water from an
artesian well and high-quality home-made malt are used in production.
The company produces very tasty kvass, which is sold in the summer
throughout the city in iron kvass barrels on tap, as in Soviet times, as
well as in the PiR brand stores (beer and fish).
Mother Volga (Statue of a woman greeting ships passing by. A petrel
soars at her feet). One of the largest and most famous city monuments is
located on the Rybinsk locks on the side of the reservoir. You cannot
approach it by land, as the sculpture is located in a protected lock
zone. Height with pedestal 17.4 m.
Monument to the plumber (at the
entrance to the Vodokanal municipal unitary enterprise). A sculpture of
a plumber at the local Vodokanal, leaning waist-deep out of a hatch with
an adjustable wrench. It is located just behind the fence and may not be
accessible on non-working days, but is clearly visible through the
fence.
Monument to the barge hauler, Lotsmansky Boulevard, Volzhskaya
embankment, 4. The sculpture is located in the park area on the
Volzhskaya embankment, near the old “grain” (pilot) exchange. It was
installed in 1977 for the 200th anniversary of the city.
Monument to
Lev Oshanin, Volzhskaya embankment, observation deck. One of the modern
monuments of Rybinsk (August 2, 2003) was erected to the famous Rybinsk
resident, songwriter Lev Oshanin, author of the songs: “The Volga River
Flows” (the song became very famous performed by Lyudmila Zykina), “And
in our yard...”, “. ..And outside the window it’s either rain or snow…”,
“Hymn of Democratic Youth”, “Yaroslavia”, “Oh, Roads”, “Let there always
be sunshine”, etc. Next to the monument there are loudspeakers from
which these songs can be heard.
Monument to F. Ushakov, Ushakov
Boulevard, center, near the Volzhskaya embankment. Fedor Fedorovich
Ushakov (1743-1817) - invincible Russian naval commander. The monument
was erected in Rybinsk on July 27, 1996. Next to the monument to Ushakov
there is the smallest city fountain in the form of a spinning globe.
Since 2001, October 15 is celebrated annually as the Day of Remembrance
of Admiral F. F. Ushakov. In the village of Khopylevo, not far from
Rybinsk, a temple has been preserved - the Church of the Epiphany on the
Island (1701), where Fyodor Ushakov was baptized.
Monument to Ludwig
Nobel, Nobel Alley. The monument is located near Cathedral Square and
the bridge over the Volga. The monument was opened in Rybinsk as a
memory of the presence here before the revolution of part of the “Nobel
Empire”, which played a large role in the development of the city.
Monument - TU-104A aircraft (Skomorokhova Gora microdistrict,
approximately 600 meters from the station). The real plane stands on a
high pedestal near the station. In winter, mallard ducks hang out near
the plane in search of food.
Monument to General Kharitonov, a tall
monument located in the park near PJSC "UEC - Saturn". On the pedestal
there is a bronze bas-relief depicting a general's saber with a sword
belt.
Monument - Ballistic missile R-11M (8K11), st. Kuibysheva, 59.
The monument "Ballistic missile R-11M (8K11)" is located between Maxim
Gorky and Kuibyshev streets. On the pedestal there is an inscription:
“In whom the spirit is great, the strength is indestructible.”
Monument to Lenin, Red Square of the city. A unique monument to Lenin in
a winter coat and hat stands on a high granite pedestal left over from
the monument to Emperor Alexander II. After the revolution, the monument
to the Tsar was drowned in the Volga.
Memorial complex "Fire of
Glory", Walk of Fame, Volzhskaya embankment (near the Poljot Sports
Palace). On the 28-meter obelisk there is an 11-meter statue of an
engine builder lifting an airplane propeller above his head. On the
plaques of the memorial are the names of 49 Heroes of the Soviet Union
and three full holders of the Order of Glory from among the residents of
the city. The complex includes the ISU-152 self-propelled gun and an
anti-aircraft gun.
Monument to General P.I. Batov, Walk of Fame.
Bronze bust of twice Hero of the Soviet Union, General P. I. Batov.
The sculptural composition "Tral", located on the observation deck of
the Volzhskaya embankment. Welded dynamic sculptural object is made of
metal in the form of a spiral. The monument depicts a trawl, at the base
of which you can see fish. The sculpture is crowned with a forged boat.
In general, a strange construction that has no historical connection
with the area. With the help of a fishing trawl, fish are caught in the
sea and ocean, and in the river in the Middle Ages, fish were caught
with the help of fishermen.
Monument to a steam locomotive (Steam
locomotive L-5270 of the Lebedyanka series), Station Square near the
railway. station. Monument to the most powerful steam locomotive of the
USSR in the post-war period.
The monument to Ostap Bender is located
on the Ushakov Boulevard from the Volga side. The sculpture of Ostap
Bender with keys in his hand and a boy biting an apple was installed “at
the entrance to Stargorod from the village of Chmarovka.” Installed in
memory of the film "12 Chairs", filmed in Rybinsk.
Karyakinsky garden. Located on the street. Pushkin opposite the main
building of the Russian State Aviation Technical University. A complete
reconstruction is underway.
City square - amusement park, st.
Herzen/Soviet. 10.00-21.00. The main amusement park of Rybinsk. A
complete reconstruction is underway.
Park in Perebory, 50 Let
Oktyabrya Avenue. ☎ +7 (4855) 59-80-17. A small park for children on the
outskirts of Rybinsk, in the Perebory microdistrict. The park has a
hydrofoil "Raketa", converted into a summer cafe. The cafe is currently
closed. In 2020, the park was reconstructed, two children's playgrounds
were built for schoolchildren of different ages, a sports town and a
volleyball court, a large wooden tower and a tower slide, benches were
added for rest, and a public toilet was restored. Unfortunately, the
Ferris wheel is no longer in the park.
Park along the Volga
embankment (Volzhsky Park). The length is about a kilometer from the
Polet DS to the Vodokanal municipal unitary enterprise. The territory is
landscaped, there are many paths and green spaces. Suitable for cycling,
roller skating. There is a restaurant, a summer cafe, a skate area, a
sports town, and in the summer there are children's attractions. The
park needs reconstruction.
Petrovsky Park. The historical park is
located on the left bank of the Volga opposite the historical center. It
requires reconstruction, as it has grown over time and now looks more
like a landscape park.
Park near PJSC "ODK-Saturn", Lenin Avenue. A
well-kept park, but without benches for rest. Here there are monuments
to General F. M. Kharitonov and aircraft designer P. A. Solovyov, as
well as the original “Era of Space” monument. There is a McDonald's fast
food restaurant in the park.
Park on Lenin Avenue, Lenin Avenue. It
is located almost across the road from the park near PJSC UEC-Saturn in
the Severny microdistrict and stretches from the Aviator club complex to
the Temp pool.
City Park Walk of Fame. From Derunov Square to the
Volga River, it practically merges with Volzhsky Park. Here is a
monument to Derunov, General Batov and the memorial complex "Fire of
Glory" ("Eternal Flame").
Dimitrovsky Park. A park with a fountain
and benches near Derunov Square. Few trees.
Rybinsk State Historical, Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve ,
Volzhskaya embankment, 2. ✉ ☎ +7 (4855) 22-21-90. One of the oldest and
largest museums in the Upper Volga (more than 100 thousand items). The
exhibitions are mainly devoted to the history, culture and nature of the
Rybinsk region and include natural science, archaeological collections,
as well as rich collections of decorative and fine arts, rare books and
manuscripts, weapons and numismatics.
Museum of the Mologsky region
named after N. M. Alekseev , Preobrazhensky lane, 6a. ☎ +7 (4855)
29-53-93. The museum's exhibitions are dedicated to Mologa, a ghost town
that disappeared from the face of the earth more than seven decades ago
during the construction of the Rybinsk Reservoir. Here you can get
acquainted with the history and culture of the Mologsky region, the life
of its inhabitants. In total, the museum has more than 3 thousand
exhibits.
Museum of Upper Volga Hydroelectric Power Stations,
Vyazemsky St., 31. ☎ +7 910 663 85 16. The museum is open only by
appointment, because located on the territory of a hydroelectric power
station. The exhibition tells about the construction of the Rybinsk
hydroelectric power station and the fate of the Mologsky region, which
was flooded during its construction. Taking photographs and stopping
vehicles in the protected area of the power plant is prohibited.
Museum "Soviet Era" , st. Goncharova, 14 (travel by bus No. 5 from the
station to the final stop). ☎ 8 (4855) 23-87-51; +7 (980) 656-21-40.
Ticket is 100 rubles, for schoolchildren and pensioners - 50 rubles. The
museum is located in the village of GES-14, a unique ensemble of the
Stalin era. Here you will learn not only historical information about
the village and the House of Culture, but also hear some legends and
rumors about these interesting places. The exhibition is open upon prior
request.
"Ust-Sheksna", st. Cascade (the wooden tower is clearly
visible from the right bank of the Volga, from the Volzhskaya
embankment, if you look at the confluence of the Sheksna and Volga
rivers). On the right bank of the Sheksna, at its confluence with the
Volga, there is the archeological monument “Ust-Sheksna”. Here, on the
935th anniversary of the first chronicle mention of Ust-Sheksna, a
memorial sign was erected - a stylized watchtower with a palisade. Built
on the site of a similar structure from the 12th century, this
architectural landmark not only adorns the famous Ustye, but is the
first stage in the creation of an interactive archaeological museum, a
future tourism center.
Piano Museum (In the building of the Red
Gostiny Dvor on the Red Square of the city) (Entrance to the museum from
V. Naberezhnaya Street). ☎ 8 (4852) 33-33-00; 8 (910) 973-33-00. 16:00 -
18:00. The first such museum in Russia, visiting by appointment. The
museum occupies two halls in the building of the Red Gostiny Dvor. In
one room there are ancient foreign instruments - German, French,
Viennese, English. In the second - Russian grand pianos and upright
pianos, made before the revolution and during Soviet times. The oldest
instrument is 180 years old.
Rybinsk Museum of Admiral F. F. Ushakov
and the Maritime Museum, st. Krestovaya, 30 (TH "Medved", 2nd floor). ☎
8 (4855) 28-23-45; +7(962) 200-17-45; +7(920) 131-18-11; +7 (920)
129-39-22. Tue. - Fri: from 10:00 to 18:00; Exit and holiday days: from
10:00 to 16:00. Ticket prices are on the museum website.
Museum
"Rybinsk-cinema-Hollywood", st. Volzhskaya embankment, 53 (second
floor). ☎ 8 (4855) 28-05-79; 8 (905) 132-25-89; 8 (920) 110-33-22; 8
(909) 277-03-15. Opening hours: by appointment. The museum consists of 3
exhibitions: the Rybinsk founders of Hollywood - the Sheinker brothers
(Schenks); famous films filmed in the city; famous actors associated
with the city. It turns out that it was in Rybinsk at the end of the
19th century that the Schenk brothers, Nicholas and Joseph, grew up. In
1893, they immigrated to the United States, where they became
co-founders of the two largest American film studios that make up
Hollywood - XX Century Fox and Metro-Goldwin-Mayer (MGM).
Museum of
Living Antique Signs, st. Krestovaya (Ancient signs of various
institutions, decorated in the style of the late 19th century on
buildings in the historical part of the city). around the clock. for
free.
Nobel Museum and Nobel Movement, st. Volzhskaya embankment, 53
(5 minutes walk from Cathedral Square). ☎ 8 (909) 277-03-15. Mon. - Fri.
12:00 - 18:00; Sat. and Sun. 11:00 - 19:00; Tue. - CLOSED. You can visit
the museum by prior request. The private museum operates in the building
of the former office of the Nobel Brothers Petroleum Production
Partnership.
Exhibition - museum "Rybinsk fish", st. Volzhskaya
embankment, 99A. ☎ 8 (960) 533-09-54. 10:00 - 17:00. The river
inhabitants of the museum are represented in items from Gzhel, Palekh,
original key holders and wallets made in Samara, Plyos, Nizhny Novgorod,
the Baltic states, Europe, Asia, America and Oceania.
The museum is
designed to be interactive, here everyone can take part in the “Draw and
Color the Fish of Your Dreams” master class and purchase an original
Rybinsk Drama Theatre, st. Krestovaya, 17a (located next to Cathedral
Square). ☎ 8(4855) 28-90-93 (theater shift); Cash desk - 8(4855)
22-28-49.
Rybinsk Puppet Theater, st. Vokzalnaya, 14 (opposite the
station). ☎ Box office - 8 (4855) 21-70-27. The Puppet Theater is known
as one of the first puppet theaters in Russia.
Club complex
"Aviator", Lenina Ave., 148. ☎ +7 4855 21-15-39. Concerts of touring
artists usually take place here.
Merchant's Day. As a rule, it is held on City Day.
Day of the
city.
Ushakov Festival.
Deminsk ski marathon, Demino village (left
bank, 15 km from the city), Rybinsk district. It is held in late
February and early March at the Demino ski and biathlon center.
Round-trip bus travel is organized for fans from the city station.
INVASION of Santa Clauses (thousands of Santa Clauses take part in the
holiday), Krestovaya Street, Derunova Square (city center).
By plane
Staroselye Airport is located north of the city. Regular
passenger flights to Moscow, St. Petersburg and the region were closed
in 2010. The nearest operating airport is Tunoshna in Yaroslavl.
By train
Despite the fact that a railway line passes through the
city, Rybinsk lies away from active railway lines. Direct branded train
No. 601/602 runs from Moscow to Rybinsk twice a week. The train departs
from the Belorussky station and travels through Savelovo, Kalyazin,
Kashin and Sonkovo. Travel time is overnight, departure around 21.00,
arrival around 9 am. Departure back around 18:00, arrival in Moscow at
half past seven in the morning. Ticket prices range from 750 to 2000
rubles.
The easiest way to get to the city is to travel by train
from Moscow through Yaroslavl (including high-speed trains Moscow -
Yaroslavl 3 times a day), and then by commuter train from
Yaroslavl-Glavny station (travel time one to two hours and the ticket
price is 260 or 307 rubles depending on the train) or by intercity bus
to Rybinsk (travel time 1.5 - 2 hours). Buses depart from the bus
station at the Yaroslavl-Glavny railway station every half hour from 6
a.m. to 10 p.m., and from the Yaroslavl bus station. The ticket price is
about 306 rubles. The distance between the cities is 82 kilometers. For
almost the entire year 2023, instead of the usual morning commuter train
from Yaroslavl to Rybinsk (and back in the evening), a retro train (with
regular carriages, like in commuter trains) will run on Saturdays. The
P36 steam locomotive, nicknamed “The General,” drives a regular commuter
train with stops.
Railway station building, Passazhirskaya
street, 1a. One of the oldest train stations in Russia, which is an
architectural monument of federal significance. A complete restoration
of the station was carried out, returning it to its original appearance
and restoring the covered platform based on historical photographs. The
bus station is located in the eastern wing of the station building.
By car
Arriving in the city by car is the most convenient. The
following roads pass through the city:
P104 passes through the city
from south to north and connects Rybinsk with the cities of Uglich,
Myshkin, Kalyazin, Taldom and Sergiev Posad in the south, and with the
cities of Poshekhonye and Cherepovets in the north.
P151 comes to the
city from the southeast, connecting Rybinsk with the cities of Tutaev
and Yaroslavl.
There are two ways to get from Moscow to Rybinsk:
along the Yaroslavl highway and the M8 highway “Kholmogory” through
Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov, Yaroslavl, then before the Volga, exit onto
the P151 highway leading to Tutaev and Rybinsk. The advantage of this
road is that it allows you to travel along the highway at a higher
speed, although transit travel through cities and the road after Tutaev,
which is in a deplorable state, sharply reduce the average speed.
along the Yaroslavskoe highway, then along the P104 highway through
Sergiev Posad, Kalyazin, Uglich. You can drive along Dmitrovskoye
Highway to Taldom, then along P104 through Kalyazin, Uglich. This
shorter road passes through populated areas, where along the entire
length there is one good TNK gas station at the exit from Uglich. The
quality of the asphalt is good, with the exception of a few small areas,
for example, in Uglich itself or near Rybinsk, and local unevenness.
Travel time by car at average speed will be from 4.5 to 5.5 hours.
By bus
Bus and minibus routes are a more common alternative to
the train. Flights from Moscow to Rybinsk depart about ten times a day
from the VDNH bus station, travel time is 5 hours 15 minutes. Regular
direct flights Moscow - Rybinsk are also carried out by high-capacity
buses from the Shchelkovsky central bus station of the capital. Travel
time is six hours. Cost 1000 rubles.
On the ship
Although the
city sits on the Volga near the huge Rybinsk Reservoir, commercial water
transport is in decline. You can get to Rybinsk by ship on cruise ships,
provided they stop in the city at berth No. 1. There are also small
excursions along the Volga with visits to surrounding cities. Local
suburban and intercity routes operate (from the berth at the reservoir
in the Perebory microdistrict and city pier No. 1), daily during the
navigation period the Rybinsk "Meteor" runs along the route Breytovo -
Rybinsk - Tutaev - Yaroslavl with a stop in Rybinsk at berth No. 1.
There are trolleybus and bus networks in Rybinsk; fares are paid in cash or using contactless bank cards. From the railway station you can get to almost any part of the city by public transport (except Slip and Kopayevo) and to the suburbs. There is a network of minibus taxis (fare 31 rubles) and private taxis with an average cost of a trip around the city of about 130 rubles. The Yandex.Taxi and Taxi Maxim applications work.
The city has many modern small shopping centers, shops, and supermarkets. There are three large markets. To take fish with you, you need to visit the fish stalls in the city markets, which are located outside in the open air.
Sennoy (Central) market, st. Lunacharsky, 16. ☎ +7 (4855) 28-41-18.
8:00–17:00. Food and manufactured goods market
Mytny market, st.
Krestovaya, 12 (buses No. 2, 3, 5, 15, 29; trolleybuses No. 1, 4, 6). ☎
+7 (4855) 21-10-13. 8:00–18:00. Food and manufactured goods market with
more than 100 years of history.
Veretyevsky market (market no. 3), 9
May street (buses no. 1, 12, 25; trolleybuses no. 1, 5, 6). 8:00–17:00.
Food and manufactured goods market.
Department store "Yubileiny", st. Krestovaya, 117 (By public
transport to the “Univermag” stop). Mon–Fri 10:00–19:00, Sat
10:00–18:00, Sun 10:00–16:00. The former main and largest department
store of the city and region during Soviet times. The original
appearance of the department store after construction has been
preserved.
Shopping center "Vikonda", st. Babushkina, 29 (buses No.
3, 9, 12, 16, 25, 111; trolleybuses No. 1, 5, 6). ☎ +8 (4855) 23-88-20.
10:00–21:00. The largest shopping center in Rybinsk. In addition to the
MAXI hypermarket and other shops, there is also a fitness club, a hotel,
a bowling alley, fast food restaurants McDonald's and Burger King, the
Roshcha restaurant, a beauty salon, a modern cinema, dry cleaners, many
ATMs of different banks, separate from the shopping center "People's
Fair" tent (various products). The area of the shopping center is 38,700
sq. m.
Hypermarket MAXI , st. Furmanova, 4; microdistrict
Skomorokhova Gora (buses No. 2, 6, 10, 25; trolleybuses No. 4, 5).
8:00–23:00. Hypermarket with a total area of 11,000 sq. m. and a wide
range of food and household goods; On the territory of the complex there
are also clothing and shoe stores, an optics store, a cosmetics store, a
store for oriental sweets (nuts, spices, etc.), and a hairdresser.
Supermarket ATAK, st. Zakharova, 38; microdistrict Zacheremushny (buses
No. 1, 2; trolleybuses No. 1, 4, 6). 8:00–23:00.
Supermarket Major
League, st. Shipbuilders, 18; microdistrict Severny (bus no. 6).
8:00–22:00.
Hypermarket Magnit, st. Priborostroiteley, building 3a
(buses No. 1, 6, 25; trolleybus No. 5). 7:30–23:00.
Shopping center
"Cosmos" , st. Maxim Gorky, 10 (buses No. 2, 3, 10, 15; trolleybuses No.
1, 4, 5, 6). 10:00–20:00. The shopping center has an area of 15,000 sq.
meters. On the ground floor there is the Druzhba hypermarket, on the
second floor there is a large furniture store and the Detsky Mir mall.
Shopping center "Sennaya Ploshchad" , st. Herzen 62/9 (located in the
center next to the Yubileiny department store and the Sennoy market). ☎
8 (4855) 28-05-25. There is an Auchan supermarket on the ground floor of
the shopping center. The total area of the shopping center is 22,000 sq.
m. meters
Shopping center "Europe", Pushkin street, building 63 (near
the railway station). Mon-Sun 08:00-21:00. The area of the shopping
center is 5000 sq. m. What’s interesting is that the entire second floor
is locked (an incomprehensible organization called AudioTele is located
there). The ground and first floors are open to the public and open.
There is surface parking
Shopping center "Epicenter", Lunacharsky, 10
(next to the department store "Yubileiny"). 08:30 to 00:00. The
building, with an area of 4,618 m², houses shops, cafes, a games room, a
photo salon, and ATMs. There is a small surface parking lot nearby.
Shopping center "Fabrikant", Volzhskaya Embankment, 163 (entrance from
Krestovaya Street - Krestovaya St., 94). daily from 10.00 to 19.30, sun
from 10.00 to 18.30. The shopping and office center has a shopping area
with a Chizhik store, an ice cream parlor, and offices. There is a small
surface parking lot nearby.
Within the historical center, especially along Krestovaya Street,
there are many cafes, restaurants, pizzerias and other food
establishments where you can have a snack and relax. Many food outlets
offer delivery of ready-made meals by online ordering and by phone.
Fast food
McDonalds (Delicious, period).
1 Lenina Ave. 161-b
(near the plant of PJSC "ODK-Saturn" outside the historical part).
29
Babushkina street (in the Vikonda shopping center among five- and
nine-story buildings on the western outskirts).
2 Burger King,
Babushkina str. 29 (in the Vikonda shopping center among five- and
nine-story buildings on the western outskirts). Jun 2023 edit
✦ KFC.
62/9 Herzen St. (in the Sennaya Square shopping center in the city
center).
29 Babushkina str. (in the Vikonda shopping center).
Cheap
3 Cafeteria-bakery “Good Buns”, Krestovaya St., 4. 11:00 -
23:00. Large selection of baked goods and confectionery products
4 Cafe-bakery “Via Romano”, Krestovaya St., 31. 9.00-21.00. Pizza,
coffee, large selection of pastries, small cozy cafe. Excellent location
in the very center, quite tasty and inexpensive.
Cafe “Coffee Jazz 12
chairs” , st. Stoyalaya, 4. Cozy cafe with good food, large selection
of coffee. Named after the film of the same name directed by Leonid
Gaidai, filmed in Rybinsk.
Cafe-confectionery-bakery “5 minutes of
happiness” , st. Stoyalaya, 13 (at the corner of Volzhskaya embankment
and Stoyalaya). 10:00-21:00.
Cafe "FAETON-lunch" , Krestovaya st.
61. 8–20 (Sun, 9–19). Cheap self-service cafe with plastic utensils and
heated food. Suitable for a quick snack, but the food leaves much to be
desired.
Cafe-grill “Old Town”, st. Krestovaya, 22. 10–22.45 (Sat and
Sun, from 11). For a very unpretentious visitor.
Coffee house
"Karakol", st. Stoyalaya, 14. 8–22. Not a bad coffee shop with hot food,
but no alcohol. Good coffee.
Cafe “Sushi good”, Krestovaya st., 137.
☎ +7 4855 25 34 00. Mon-Sun 10.00–23.00. All-Russian chain of cafes with
delivery in Rybinsk.
Cafe “Blinnaya”, st. Chkalova, 64. located in
the Atrium shopping center.
Ice cream parlor “33 penguins” (Fabrikant
shopping center) , st. Krestovaya, 94-a. Mon-Sat 10.00–19.30, Sun
10.00–17.00. A large selection of delicious ice cream and lemonade made
only from natural ingredients. Located in the Fabrikant shopping center,
entrance from the street. The cross between the houses, in the depths.
Cafe "Veteran", st. Kirova, 4. ☎ +7 4855 21 35 04. According to the
Rybinsk residents, “the surroundings are soviet, but the food is
delicious.”
Cafe “Teplo”, st. Chkalova, 60. 08:30 - 23:00. There are
set lunches, pancakes
Average cost
Eurobuffet “Tarelochka”,
st. Krestovaya, 51. ☎ 8 (4855) 21-94-88. 9–23 (Fri, until 1; Sat, until
24). There is a self-service cafe on the ground floor, and a regular
provincial restaurant on the second floor. Mostly good reviews. Free
Wi-Fi.
Cafe and restaurant “Melnitsa”, st. Krestovaya, 103. ☎ 8
(4855) 28-22-80. 1st floor is open seven days a week 09-23, Fri, Sat
09-01; 2nd floor: Thu 12 - 23; Fri, Sat 12 - 03. It is distinguished by
a large mill at the end of the building. There is a cafe on the ground
floor, a restaurant and bar on the second. Tasty and cozy.
Restaurant
"Mamuka", st. Krestovaya, 120 (restaurant, bakery, cheese factory). ☎ 8
(964) 136-11-11. 11–02. Hot dishes: 200–300 rubles (2011). A good
restaurant of Georgian cuisine at the Rybinsk hotel. The restaurant is
in the hotel building, and the cafe is located in the attached closed
veranda. There is probably Wi-Fi.
Restaurant and Culinary “Steak” ,
st. Chkalova, 56. ☎ 8 (4855) 28-18-03. 11–24 ; Cooking from 8-00 to
20-00. As the name suggests, the restaurant specializes in meat dishes.
There is a lot of baking in cooking.
Restaurant of the Volga Hotel,
Prospekt 50 Letiya Oktyabrya, 32a. ☎ +7 (4855) 200-248. Russian kitchen.
Very high quality and performance. Even compared to restaurants in the
capital, this is truly the highest level. The average bill for two of 3
courses and a pot of tea is 1000 rubles.
Cafe “Golden Fish”,
Krestovaya street, 128a. ☎ +7 (4855) 22-20-75. Mon-Wed 9.00–23.00,
Thu-Sat 9.00–2.00, Sun 9.00–23.00. The cuisine is European. Breakfasts
and business lunches are available. There is no payment by plastic
cards. The average bill is up to 500 rubles.
Gastropub SoupBerry ,
st. Stoyalaya, 16. ☎ +7 (920) 114-52-64. 11:00 - 23:00. Seafood,
European, Central European cuisine, there is a menu for vegetarians,
gluten-free dishes. Feedback from visitors is mostly positive.
Cafe-pizzeria Pizzapan, st. Krestovaya, 99. ☎ 8 (800) 234-99-33; +7
(980) 772-80-37. Pizzapan - delicious hot pizza, inexpensive rolls,
which can be ordered with free home delivery. Delivery is available from
10 am to 11 pm within an hour.
Dining room on Magma "Obedikoff",
Rybinsk, Yaroslavsky tract no. 72 (stop *Magma*). ☎ 8 (920) 141-26-71; 8
(910) 972-91-92. Orders are accepted from 10-00 to 17-00 hours. Ordering
and delivery of food. Payment in cash (to the courier upon delivery and
to the cashier upon pickup) and by credit card (only online and for
pickup).
Expensive
Cafe “SusheBushe” , st. Pushkina, 2. ☎ 8
(800) 500-09-10. Mon-Sat: 08:00–21:30; Sun: 10:00 - 20:30. The average
check is 1000 rubles. The establishment is popular among tourists and
city residents, so you need to make reservations in advance.
Restaurant “Old Rybinsk”, Lenin Ave., 148. ☎ 8 (4855) 21-32-91. 12–23
(Fri, Sat, Sun until 01:00). The restaurant with a cozy design using
maps of old Rybinsk is located in the Aviator club complex.
Restaurant "Eldorado", st. Krestovaya, 46. ☎ 8 (4855) 22-20-09. 18:00 -
06:00. Loud live music in the evenings. Free Wi-Fi.
Restaurant
"ROSHCHA" , st. Babushkina, 29. ✉ ☎ 8 (4855) 23-88-18. Mon-Thu, Sun:
08.00 - 01.00; Fri-Sat: 08.00 - 03.00. Restaurant in the shopping center
"VIKONDA". Russian, European and signature cuisines are presented. Beer,
bowling, billiards and entertainment programs.
Club-restaurant “House
of Culture and Rest” , st. Krestovaya, 80. ☎ +7 (4855) 32-00-12.
Sun-Thu: 12.00 - 01.00; Fri-Sat: 12.00 - 03.00. The city’s iconic place
with Russian, Italian and oriental cuisine is located in the ancient
mansion of the former mayor K.I. Rastorgueva.
Gastrobar “ZAVOD
food” , st. Volzhskaya embankment, 19. ☎ 8 (800) 550-90-30. Sun-Thu:
11:30 - 00:30; Fri-Sat: 11:30 - 04:00. Located near the Volzhsky Bridge
in the building of a former mill, 7 - 10 minutes on foot. European,
Italian, Russian, Japanese cuisines. You can order ready-made meals and
pizza on the website with home delivery by courier. Free shipping
available.
Restaurant of Georgian cuisine “Satsivi”, st. Krestovaya,
86. ☎ 8 (931) 521-14-51. accepting orders 12.00 - 24.00. Home delivery,
average delivery time 60 minutes
Mill , Volzhskaya embankment, 19. ☎ +7 (4855) 25-03-50. Mon. - Thu:
CLOSED; Fri, Sat, Sun: 10:00 - 04:00. The club is in the historical
building of the former mill of the merchant Efrem Kalashnikov, about 10
minutes walk from Cathedral Square.
Art club “Crossroads” , Chkalova
st., 93. ☎ 8 (800) 201-12-03. Mon-Thu: 12:00–23:00; Fri: 12:00 - 04:00;
Sat: 18:00 - 04:00.. The main concert venue for alternative music and
original songs in Rybinsk since 1996. On Fridays - Live concerts from
21.00 to 22.00 Admission is free.
Friday and Saturday - Dance project
"Music of all generations" from 22.00 to 4 am. Girls have free entry
until midnight.
Budapest Club No. 1, 50th Anniversary of October
Ave., 23. ☎ 8 (4855) 59-80-50. The very first club in the city of
Rybinsk. Since opening in 1990, one of the best video discos in the
country has operated here. Seats up to 200 people!
Club "Joker" , st.
Kirova, 18. ☎ +7 (4855) 28-31-08. Mon. - Wed: 12:00 - 00:00; Fri, Sat:
12:00 - 06:00; Sun, Thu: 12:00 - 04:00. There are billiards, bowling,
sports bar, and attractions. Disco.
Cheap
Guest house (hotel "On the Volge"), st. Collectivization,
3-4 (left bank, next to the bridge over the Volga). ☎ +7 (980)
653-35-55, (4855) 25-30-30. Single/double/triple rooms: 1700/2000/2200
rubles (2020). The hotel has a good view of the cathedral and the
Rybinsk embankment, but to get to the center you will have to cross the
Volga. Rooms with amenities. Free parking.
Hotel on Botkina (NPO
Poligrafmash), st. Botkina, 5. ☎ +7 (4855) 26-63-33. An apartment turned
into a hotel on the ninth floor of a residential building. Authentic 70s
interiors, amenities in the hallway.
Aviation College Dormitory, st.
Svobody, 25 (in the center). ☎ +7 (4855) 52-39-25, 22-29-25. Rooms for
1–5 people, amenities in the hallway, there is a shared kitchen.
Hotel of the sports complex "Meteor", Serova Ave., 21. ☎ +7 (4855)
55-35-59. The hotel is located in the building of the sports complex of
the same name, mainly used by visiting athletes. Economy category from
550 rub. per day.
Hotel UVD, st. Karyakinskaya, 51 (located next to
the city police). ☎ +7 (4855) 24-25-25; 8 (4855) 22-20-02; +7 (4855)
24-26-76. daily, around the clock. A separate five-story hotel building,
entrance from the courtyard of a multi-story residential building
nearby, 50 economy class rooms. There are many shops nearby.
Average cost
12 Hotel “Maxrooms Volga Hollywood” , 50 Letiya
Oktyabrya Ave., 32A (buses No. 3, 9, 111) (Perebory microdistrict). ☎ +7
(4855) 20-02-48, 20-03-99. Economy double room: from 1400 rubles (2020).
This hotel allows you to fully experience the industrial side of
Rybinsk: in the immediate vicinity are the cable plant and the Volzhsky
microdistrict (7-10 minutes by car), r. Volga, reservoir and lock of the
Rybinsk hydroelectric power station; It's half an hour by bus to the
center. The quaint Soviet building, built in 1990, is a bit
intimidating, but the rooms have been renovated in the original style
and make a good impression. This hotel is very popular among tourists;
there are almost never empty rooms, so you should make a reservation in
advance. Meals are available for a fee; there is a pizzeria, restaurant,
sauna, and cable TV. Parking next to the hotel. In 2 - 10 min. walk from
the hotel - shops, pharmacies, Children's Park, Perebory recreation
center, Sberbank branch, city beach on the reservoir.
Hotel
"Rybinsk", st. Krestovaya, 120 (in the center). ☎ +7 (4855) 22-25-88.
Double room without amenities/with amenities: 1500/2100 rubles (2020).
Once the main hotel of the city with a colorful retro-style website and
an equally remarkable price list. Both expensive renovated double rooms
and numerous economy class rooms (for 1–4 people), with or without
amenities, are available. A touch of the Soviet past remained, long
waits at the reception desk, security guards with Soviet rules.
Restaurant, cafe, free Wi-Fi. Unguarded parking lot.
Hotel "YurLa",
Volzhskaya embankment. 201 (not far from the center, opposite the Poljot
sports palace). ☎ +7 (4855) 28-90-63. Double room: 3000 RUR (2020).
Business hotel with a good price/quality ratio and an exclusive
two-story luxury room. Breakfast, guarded parking, restaurant, free
Wi-Fi; good feedback.
Hotel "On Vvedenskaya" , st. Volzhskaya
embankment, 13. Hotel "On Vvedenskaya" is located a 5-minute walk from
Cathedral Square and Krestovaya Street. It offers free Wi-Fi, free
private parking and an on-site restaurant, with some rooms offering
Volga views. Each room has a private bathroom.
Expensive
Guest
house "Royal" (PJSC "ODK-Saturn"), st. Lunacharsky, 40 (in the center).
☎ +7 (4855) 28-21-17, 28-21-09. Double room: 2800 RUR (2020). Single and
double rooms with private facilities. Breakfast. Paid guarded parking.
Conflicting reviews about the restaurant.
Guest house “Burlak”, st.
Pushkina, 1. ☎ 8 (4855) 32-79-37; 8 930-122-10-60. Located in the city
center next to Volzhsky Park, superior rooms, restaurant, minibar,
sauna, laundry service, billiards, safe, internet, pets allowed.
Hotel VIKONDA , st. Babushkina, 29 (bus No. 12). ☎ 8 (4855) 23-88-08. A
modern hotel of the same name as part of a shopping center. Guests are
offered rooms with different price ranges.
In the country
Recreation center "Yakuniki", village. Yakuniki (south of Rybinsk, near
the ring road). ☎ +7 (4855) 26-32-50. Located on the Cheremukha River
Hotel "Brigantina" (Currently the hotel is not operating and is for sale
on AVITO), village. Shipyard, st. Sudostroitelnaya, 1A (bus No. 111)
(northwest 2 km from the city, beyond Perebory). ☎ +7 (4855) 29-57-27.
single/double room: from 2000/2800 rubles (2020). The hotel at the yacht
club with a clean beach is located on the shore 50 meters from the
Rybinsk Reservoir. Bar, billiards, surfing station, sauna. Free Wi-Fi.
Nearby there is a large forest park on the shore of the reservoir, and
the Pyaterochka supermarket. Atmospheric, quiet and relaxing place to
relax.
Country club "Koprino", village. Koprino (30 km west of
Rybinsk). ☎ +7 (901) 999-54-80, 199-62-52. Double room: from 2600 rubles
(2020). Nice wooden houses: hotel with double rooms and separate
cottages.
Park Hotel "Big Fish", village. Pochinok and Bolshie
Zaimishchi (35 km northwest of Rybinsk). ☎ +7 (903) 827-99-99.
Economy/standard rooms: 1500/2500 rubles (2020). A recreation center on
the shore of the Rybinsk Reservoir with a developed hunting and fishing
infrastructure. Triple rooms economy (facilities on the floor) or
standard (with amenities and meals). 3 meals a day +900 rubles.
Restaurant.
Sanatorium named after Vorovskogo, village. Kstovo (bus
No. 114) (3 km south of the Rybinsk ring road). ☎ +7 (4855) 29-92-20,
26-63-26, 28-42-64. Accommodation: from 800 rubles/person (2011).
Accommodation with treatment and meals according to a custom menu
system, the sanatorium provides treatment using mineral baths and other
methods, there is a swimming pool with mineral water, excursions around
the Yaroslavl region to Myshkin, Yaroslavl, Uglich, Rybinsk are offered
for a fee. A large natural well-kept park, the Cheryomukha River flowing
through the territory of the sanatorium, beautiful nature. Sports
equipment rental.
Sanatorium "Kstovo", village. Kstovo, st.
Zagorodnaya, 20 (bus No. 114) (2.5 km south of the Rybinsk ring road). ☎
+7 (4855) 26-18-15 and 25-32-77 (reservations); 23-34-67, 25-30-23 and
28-03-21 (administrator). Accommodation: from 1400 rubles/person (2020).
In summer - rental of bicycles and sports equipment. Tennis, small
towns, children's playground, near the Cheryomukha River. In winter
there is a skating rink, snowmobiling, and an excellent hill for
cheesecake riding. All year round - swimming pool 25 m.
Center for
Sports and Recreation "Demino", village. Demino (15 km east of Rybinsk).
☎ +7 (4855) 29-40-30 (reservation), 29-40-00 and 29-40-40
(administrator). Double room/cottage: from 2800/8000 rubles (2011).
Hotel and individual cottages. In winter - skating rink, slides. Various
sports services. Restaurant of a high price category. There is a
canteen, prices are moderate.
Park-hotel "Koprino Bay" , village.
Yasenevo (30 km west of Rybinsk). ☎ +7 (4852) 37-03-70, (920) 117-55-55.
Double room: from RUB 5,500 (2020). Hotel-type rooms and luxury cottages
on the shore of the Rybinsk Reservoir, children's club, Russian
bathhouse, gym, rental center, restaurants. Access to the Internet.
A large number of industrial enterprises in the city do not harm the environmental situation (since there are no chemical or other air-polluting industries in the city), they are located in industrial zones and are not noticeable. There are a lot of cars, but at the same time life in the city is much calmer and more measured than in the regional center. The air in the central part of the city near NPO Saturn from the street. Dimitrova is sometimes a little heavy, the environment is normal. You should be careful at night in outlying areas.
Mobile operators operating in the city: Beeline, Megafon, MTS,
Tele-2, Yota, Rostelecom. Wi-Fi is available in some cafes, hotels, as
well as on the Volzhskaya embankment near the Volga River closer to the
FLIGHT sports palace on special benches, on Marshal Zhukov Square.
Post office Rybinsk (152900), st. Zakharova, 14 (bus No. 1 to the
stop Zakharova Street). ☎ 8 (4855) 21-56-28. Mon-Fri 8:00-20:00; Sat
9:00-18:00; Sun 9:00-14:00.
Rostelecom Rybinsk branch, st. Chkalova,
73. ☎ 8 (800) 100-08-00. Mon. - Fri: 09.00-19.00; Sat: 10.00-15.00;
Sun.-out.
Beeline (head office), st. Lunacharsky, 11. ☎ 8 (800)
700-80-00. 09:00 - 21:00.
MTS. ☎ 8 (800) 250 05 05.
Megafon, st.
Krestovaya, 51; st. Babushkina, 29. ☎ 8 (800) 550-05-00. 10:00-18:00;
10:00-20:00.
Rybinsk (formerly Rybnaya
Sloboda) arose on the right bank of the Volga River at the
confluence of the Cheryomukha River. The sharp cape between them is
called the Arrow. The mouth of the Sheksna River, a left tributary
of the Volga, like other left-bank areas, became part of the modern
city only in the 20th century, due to its rapid growth during the
period of industrialization. A Stone Age parking lot was found in
the historic center of the city.
The oldest settlement at the
confluence of the Sheksna with the Volga (on the other side of the
Volga from the future Rybinsk) was called Ust-Sheksna. The first
mention of him in the Laurentian Chronicle is associated with the
Rostov uprising of 1071: Yan Vyshatich “stash on Ust-Sheksna” for
the trial and reprisal of the rebellious Magi. Excavations have
revealed traces of a settlement of the early 11th century (an area
of over 3 hectares) with items of Byzantine and Scandinavian
origin and treasures of Arab silver from the 10th century. By the
13th century, the area of the trade and craft center increased to
30 hectares. A manor-yard building with palisades and streets
running parallel to Sheksna, a blacksmith's and metallurgical
complex and the remains of jewelry workshops, writing tools (wrote)
were found. In Ust-Sheksna, material traces of pottery, woodworking
and bone-carving crafts, fishing and hunting, agricultural tools
were found. Numerous lead trade seals and hanging seals found at the
excavation site are evidence of the administrative powers of the
ancient settlement, including the seal of Davyd Svyatoslavich, the
seal of the Suzdal prince Yuri Dolgoruky, the seal of the Greek
church hierarch. It is obvious that on the site of the modern city
there was a major point of the Volga trade route.
Ust-Sheksna arose in Kievan Rus as a Slavic
churchyard in the north of the ancient Russian state during the
period of the accession of the Finno-Ugric peoples to it and was
part of the Rostov volost and the Rostov-Suzdal principality. The
favorable location at the confluence of the Volga and Sheksna made
it possible to control the water and trade route to the north of the
state along Sheksna, to be on the international route Caspian -
Sheksna - Baltica and connected the settlement with the rest of the
territory of Ancient Rus. During the period of feudal fragmentation
(Udelnaya Rus), Ust-Sheksna was part of the Yaroslavl principality
and lay on the way to the Belozersk principality, the northern lands
of the Rostov and Yaroslavl principalities and the territory of the
Novgorod republic. Ust-Sheksna was seriously damaged during the
Mongol invasion in 1238. The cultural layer of the 2nd quarter of
the 13th century preserved traces of a large fire, in which most of
the excavated buildings in the northern part of the settlement
perished. Excavations have found a large number of weapons (dozens
of arrowheads, spears (spears), battle axes, etc.) and several
arrowheads, which are considered characteristic of the weapons of
Mongol warriors. In the XIV - XV centuries. Ust-Sheksna was part of
the possession of small appanage principalities of the Yaroslavl
princes Romanovsky and Shekhonsky, who in 1460 sold their
inheritance to Maria Yaroslavna. During the time of appanage
principalities, settlements and lands were transferred from one
princes to others as a result of redistribution, sale and purchase,
donations and inheritance. Vasily II the Dark in the spiritual
charter of 1462 granted (approved) to Maria Yaroslavna "her
purchase" - the town of Romanov near Yaroslavl (it was acquired by
Maria from the princes M.I.Deev and the children of L.D. Zubaty) and
Ust-Sheksna (the former possession of princes Semyon and Vasily
Shekhonsky). It says: “And I give my princess ... And that her
purchase is the town of Romanov, Prince Mikhailovo Deev, and the
prince's Lvov children, and Prince Davydovo Zasekina, and
Ust-Shokstna, which I bought from the Prince from Semyon and from
the Prince from Vasily Shokhonskikh, otherwise she is, then my
children do not enter into her ... But what about buying it, Romanov
town, and Shokstna, and other volosts and villages in which the town
does not wake up, in that will my princess, after his belly to which
his son desires to give, ina will give ... And you, my children,
listen to your mother in everything, and do not act out of her will
in anything. And whoever my son does not have to listen to his
mother, but will not be in her will, on that do not wake my blessing
... But whoever will overstep my letter, but according to the
Euangil word, who will disobey his father and mother, and does not
keep their commandments, let him die ... ”In the 1470s. In
connection with the dramatic internal political events, the Grand
Duchess was forced to share part of her font (acquisitions) with her
son, the appanage prince of Uglitsk, Andrey Vasilyevich Bolshoi. By
September 1473, Maria Yaroslavna transferred the town, Ust-Sheksna
and many other settlements to the Andrei Bolshoy and Uglitsky
principality of Romanov. On September 20, 1492, Ivan III ordered to
seize Andrey the Bolshoi and throw him into prison along with his
heirs - Ivan (14 years old) and Dmitry (7 years old). After the
death of Prince Andrei in November 1493, Ust-Sheksna actually began
to belong to the created Russian state and the Grand Duchy of Moscow
as part of it and finally lost its administrative functions and its
former trade and economic importance due to the liquidation of the
appanage principalities.
Rybnaya Sloboda and Ust-Sheksna are
mentioned in 1504 in the spiritual letter of Ivan III. As can be
seen from the spiritual letters, Ivan III fulfilled the will of
Vasily II and did not enter the possession of Ust-Sheksnaya. In his
bequest, he transferred Ust-Sheksna to his son Vasily III on the
grounds that it belonged to his mother and there are no other heirs.
The Rybnaya Sloboda arose at the end of the 15th century under Ivan
III, and in 1526 for the first time appears on one of the maps of
the Moscow state, which were compiled at that time by foreigners. In
the XVI-XVII centuries, the settlement belonged directly to the
Moscow tsars (it was a palace) and provided the royal court and
Moscow nobles with fish. Documents on the natural fish tax on
residents have been preserved (the residents of the Slobozhan paid
their dues with red fish in the established amounts). In the 16th
century, the Slobozhan people had a monopoly on catching red fish
(sturgeon, beluga, white fish, sterlet) for tens of miles around.
They owned fishing on the Volga, Sheksna and Mologa, for which the
royal charter was issued. The settlement was made of wood, and no
monuments have survived from this era in the city.
The evidence of the connection between the two
settlements is the existence of the "double name" of the Rybnaya
Sloboda in the sixteenth century. Ivan the Terrible, who visited her
during the "Cyril's Ride" in pious places (during which Tsarevich
Dmitry, the eldest son of Ivan the Terrible, died), in 1553 rode
(sailed) on ships along the Volga from Uglich "to the Sheksna Ustye
(Ust-Sheksna) to Rybnaya "and then along the Sheksna up to the
Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery. On the way back from the monastery to
Moscow, the Tsar and Sovereign of All Russia again went down
Sheksnoy, and down the Volga down to Romanov and Yaroslavl. The
"double" name could be brought only by the inhabitants of the left
bank, who moved to the right bank and signed up as fish fishers in
the grand ducal settlement. This resettlement was facilitated by the
transfer of fishing along the Sheksna Pravoberezhnaya Sloboda.
Archaeologists managed to reveal the explosive growth of the Rybnaya
Sloboda territory at the beginning of the 16th century, with a
simultaneous sharp reduction in the area of Ust-Sheksna in the
same period. The royal family in the 16th century visited the
shrines of Rostov, Yaroslavl and Beloozero many times, passing along
the Volga and Sheksna through Romanov, Rybnaya Sloboda, Uglich and
Mologa in 1503, 1511, 1529, 1531, 1545, 1553 and 1563. These trains
(trips) were accompanied by generous royal favors, justice and
improved order in all places visited. In the spiritual charter of
Ivan the Terrible, Ust-Sheksna is no longer mentioned.
In the
17th century, the first stone buildings were built in the
settlement. In St. Petersburg, in the department of manuscripts of
the Russian National Library, documents of the Rybnoslobodskaya
zemstvo hut are kept. These documents, as well as the scribe book of
the palace Lovetskaya fish settlement 1674 - 1676. allow you to
imagine the appearance of the settlement, the occupations of its
inhabitants, the way of life. In the center, on the main square,
there was a stone church - the Church of the Transfiguration of the
Lord (1654-60). The five-domed church, built in the traditions of
Yaroslavl architecture, on a high basement, with galleries, a bell
tower and a porch. There was a cemetery adjacent to the church. In
the center of the settlement there was a congress yard, a zemstvo
hut, customs, a kruzhechny yard, taverns. And like everywhere else
in Russia - a trading square with shops, benches, huts, shop places
and shelves. There were two shopping areas in Rybnaya Sloboda: one
area for constant trade with shops and stalls of the townspeople of
Rybnaya Sloboda, where "they trade a week one day on Saturday,"
trade people from different cities to trade at a fair on Petrov and
on the Transfiguration Day. " The center of the settlement was
adjoined by rows of suburban yards (fish catchers and townsmen),
which continued beyond the Cheremkha River. They were mainly
occupied by fishermen, as well as traders and artisans. All fishing
trades in Rybnaya Sloboda belonged to Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. A
special emphasis in the scribal book is made on the fact that
blacksmiths, shoemakers, dye workers, a sveshnik, a tailor, a
shapersman also lived in the settlement. Near the settlement there
were meadows and mows that belonged to it.
A church in the
name of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God (1697), the oldest
building in the city, has survived to this day.
In 1777, Rybnaya Sloboda, becoming the center of the
district of the Yaroslavl province, received the status of a city
and the name Rybnaya. Under the influence of the name of the county,
the form of Rybinsk was fixed.
After the transfer of the
Russian capital to St. Petersburg in 1712 and the increase in trade
through the Baltic ports, Rybnaya Sloboda found itself in a very
advantageous geographical position - at the crossroads of routes
from St. Petersburg to the Caspian Sea and from Siberia (through the
Kama) to the Baltic. The opening of the Vyshnevolotsk water system
dramatically increased the amount of cargo passing by the
settlement. This was the main reason for the rapid growth of the
city in the 18th-19th centuries. Peter I's decrees on the
construction of large "new-mannered" vessels forced all this cargo
traffic to stop at Rybnaya Sloboda because of the shallow water in
the upper Volga.
The deep-water route from the lower reaches of the Volga ended here. Several rivers merged in the settlement: the Volga (which received the waters of the Mologa River 32 km upstream of the city of Mologa), Sheksna and Cheryomukha. Above the Rybnaya Sloboda on the Volga, the river was in places so shallow that it was forded. Heavy barges with a large draft and sailing from the Middle and Lower Volga with loads of grain, salt, timber, iron and other goods, could not go further. Therefore, in the settlement, they had to be reloaded onto small vessels suitable for sailing in shallow rivers, along the narrow and cramped channels of the Vyshnevolotsk water system. At the beginning of the 18th century, a special plow pier was established in Rybnaya Sloboda, where cargo was transshipped onto small "Zaryben ships". On the banks of the Volga, grain and salt barns appeared, the number of shops and inns increased. With the fall of fishing, the number of fish fishermen decreased, the number of traders and artisans increased. The Mariinsky and Tikhvin water systems discovered later, connecting the Volga with the Baltic, St. Petersburg and Arkhangelsk (through the Alexander Württemberg canal), increased the flow of goods. In Rybinsk, the water and trade route to the north of Russia began - along Sheksna. All this attracted a huge number of barge haulers to the city. Fishing, as the main source of income for local residents, had become a thing of the past by this time. Trade took the first place. Local merchants sold bread, which they bought here in the city, brought by villagers on trading days, and more they were brought from the regions of the lower reaches of the Volga, as well as from the regions of the rivers: Oka, Kama, Sura, Vyatka, Tsna. From the purchased bread, some of the wheat and rye was ground here into cereal, wheat and rye flour, which, like other bread, was sent to St. Petersburg and other cities lying along the waterway. At the beginning of the 19th century, the turnover of local merchants was more than 700,000 rubles, which was a colossal amount. V. A. Gilyarovsky in his "Guide to the cities of Russia" called Rybinsk "the grain capital of the Volga region" and gave the following description to the city - "This is a huge storehouse of bread going from the lower reaches of the Volga to the north. The bread trade of Rybinsk is so great that all of Russia has to reckon with it. In 1863, a railway was built along Sheksna. In 1868, the created "Society of the Rybinsk - Bologovskaya Railway" began and in 1870 completed the construction of the Rybinsk - Bologoye railway line, which played an important role in the economic and transport development of the region. With the advent of the railroad, the transshipment of goods and cargo began to be carried out into trains. Further, the cargoes went to all parts of Russia and abroad. Thanks to the Rybinsk-Bologoye railway, a railway station, a bridge across the Cheryomukha and railway workshops (on the basis of which the Raskat road machinery plant is currently operating) appeared in the city. At the beginning of the 20th century, up to 1.5 million tons of bread and goods were brought to Rybinsk, worth about 75 million rubles. Only a relatively insignificant part of the bread was ground in local flour mills and used to brew beer. The city had a large storage facility. At this time, residents of neighboring cities, which economic development have bypassed, are moving to Rybinsk: Uglich, Bezhetsk, etc. The transshipment of goods in the summer attracted a large number of scrapers, hookers and goat workers to the city (loaders who wore a special device on their backs, similar to on the back, goat horns on a frame, thanks to which they carried bags of grain and other bulk cargo from pier to pier), which lived right on the shore and many times exceeded the number of permanent residents. So, at the beginning of the 20th century, in the winter season, the city's population was 25 thousand people, and during the navigation period it quadrupled. There were many marinas in the city along the coast, including the steamship marinas of all the largest companies: Airplane, On the Volga, Caucasus and Mercury, Nadezhda, Rus, etc. Massive development of the shipping company on the Volga, cargo transportation up the Volga and Sheksna with the help of tuers, as well as the appearance of the railway, led to the fact that by the end of the 19th century there were no barge haulers on the Volga.
Industry also developed in the city. By the 70s of
the 18th century, there were two factories in Rybnaya Sloboda -
linen and glass, founded by the Nechaev brothers. At the beginning
of the 19th century, small enterprises and factories functioned in
the city: leather, butter, cereals, candle, rope, dyeing and brick
factories. Since the second half of the 19th century, the
development of industry has accelerated. The merchant Nikolai
Mikhailovich Zhuravlev in 1859 built in the vicinity of the city in
the village of Abakumovo the largest rope-spinning mill and a steam
sawmill in Europe. Here, in 1863, the merchant Zhuravlev founded an
iron foundry mechanical and shipbuilding factories, a brick factory
was also built (the enterprises were located on the Sheksna river in
the area of the Rybinsk hydroelectric power station building and
were flooded during the construction of the reservoir in 1940). His
work was continued by his son, Mikhail Nikolaevich Zhuravlev, who
turned the village of Abakumovo into "little England" and became an
honorary citizen of Rybinsk.
In the city, the iron foundry of
Golovkin (1862) (later became known as the Rybinsk plant of
woodworking machines), large flour mills and mills of merchants E.S.
Kalashnikov and the Heirs of A.I. A. V. Zhilova. The city also had
mills with a small number of workers: the Shustov and Co.
Partnerships, NV Rastorguev, NI Myrkin, and others. In 1879, the
Bohemia brewery was founded by the Rybinsk merchant Ivan Durdin. The
author of the project was the architect from St. Petersburg V.F.
Gekker. The plant became the largest in the Yaroslavl province and
brought its owner the fame of the "Beer King".
In Rybinsk in
1893, oil depots were built by the Nobel Brothers Oil Production
Partnership (BraNobel), and in 1907 the Nobel brothers founded ship
repair shops to service their fleet to service their fleet. This
enterprise still exists (the Nobel Brothers Shipyard).
During
the First World War, the enterprises that gave rise to the existing
factories were evacuated to the city (on the basis of the Phoenix
enterprise, Polygraphmash arose, and on the basis of the Resora
plant, the Vympel shipbuilding enterprise). In 1916, the
construction of the Russian Renault automobile plant began, from
which the engine-building plant later "grew".
Since the 18th
century, the city has been built up according to a single plan
created by the Yaroslavl provincial architect I. Levengagen in 1784:
some streets are parallel to the Volga bank, others are strictly
perpendicular, the quarters are square in the plan. The main street
of the city was Krestovaya, stretched along the Volga. In Rybinsk,
two- and three-story mansions were erected, standard designs of
which were adopted in the Russian Empire.
Due to the large
number of merchants, the city was distinguished by the high
prosperity of its inhabitants. With its small size, small population
and county status, Rybinsk had many institutions characteristic of
large cities: gymnasiums, schools, libraries (1864 - a public
library at the grain exchange, 1880 - a zemstvo library), a
comfortable embankment, city parks, temples of all denominations
(except for the Orthodox - Old Believers, a church, a Lutheran
church, a synagogue). In the second half of the 19th century, in
connection with the further development of trade and the emergence
of large-scale industry in the city, the largest banks of Russia
open their branches: the State, Volzhsko-Kamsky, Russian-Asian and
others.
In 1860, a printing house was built, which developed
into a large enterprise that still functions today (currently under
the name of OJSC Rybinsk Printing House).
A newspaper has
been published in the city since 1864. In 1876, according to the
project of the architect V. A. Schroeter, a large theater was built,
on the stage of which almost all famous artists of pre-revolutionary
Russia visited on tour (burned down in 1921 and dismantled into
bricks). The Rybinsk Bread Exchange, opened in 1842, was the third
exchange in Russia and the first in the province; in 1912 a new
exchange building was built next to the old one. At the beginning of
the 20th century, a power plant, a water supply system, and electric
street lighting appeared in the city.
The future rector of
the People's University in Turku S. Nyman described Rybinsk through
which he passed in 1889: “Rybinsk is located on the left bank of the
Volga, it is a real Russian provincial city. I compare its dirty
streets to fields strewn with stones. Most of the buildings are low,
hastily hammered together from rough logs, and the cutting of the
corners is such that the logs protrude outward. Stone buildings are
modest, if you do not take into account the city's seven churches,
some of which are impressive in their stateliness. Nevertheless,
Rybinsk is of great importance as a port city on the Volga.
Soviet power in Rybinsk was
established on March 2, 1918. On July 8, 1918, the White Guard
Rybinsk uprising took place in the city, which was suppressed for
several hours.
In 1921-1923 the city was the center of the
Rybinsk province, and in 1929-1930 - the Rybinsk district. Since
1936 - part of the Yaroslavl Region.
A new stage in the
development of Rybinsk began with the industrialization of the
country. Since the early 1930s, the city has grown rapidly, turning
from a commercial to an industrial one. On the basis of the Russian
Renault plant, the largest engine-building plant in the city is
being created, mainly producing aircraft engines. In 1932, the
Rybinsk Aviation Institute named after V.I. S. Ordzhonikidze.
Unlike many Soviet cities, this enterprise was never
"city-forming"; there were many other large enterprises in the city:
a printing machine plant, shipbuilding plants, and a road machinery
plant. The river port and associated warehouses, including grain
elevators, continued to play an important role. In 1936, a terminal
elevator was built near the Rybinsk-Tovarny railway station, the
largest in Europe at the time of construction.
Around the
factories, workers' settlements grow, which gave names to the city
microdistricts: Vostochny, Severny and Zapadny around the
engine-building plant, Old and New - near the shipbuilding
boat-building plant, Volzhsky - next to the Mechanical plant. In the
1930s, the city's territory takes on a modern shape, many
settlements are part of Rybinsk: the villages of Perebory, Kopaevo,
Volzhsky, the village of the hydroelectric power station GES-14, as
well as the Trans-Volga region, where many people were resettled
from the flooded zone.
In 1936, within the framework of the
Big Volga project, the construction of the Rybinsk hydroelectric
power station and the hydroelectric complex began. The project
pursued several goals: to provide a deep-water route from the Volga
to the Baltic and to the Moskva River, as well as to provide the
growing industrial center with electricity. The construction was
carried out by the Volgostroy organization, with the involvement of
a large number of Volgolag prisoners.
In Perebory, in the
place where the Volga was especially shallow, a two-line sluice and
an overflow dam of the Rybinsk reservoir were built. The dam of the
hydroelectric power station blocked the bed of the Sheksna, which
now merged with the Volga into one reservoir above the dam. The
Rybinsk reservoir is unusually wide and shallow, it flooded large
areas of land in the floodplains of the Sheksna and Mologa rivers,
for which this project is criticized. The reservoir, in addition to
many villages and villages, flooded the city of Mologa, whose
population was mostly relocated to Rybinsk.
The construction
was almost completed before the start of the Great Patriotic War; in
1941, filling of the Rybinsk reservoir began. The unfinished
hydroelectric power station still gave current during the war: on
November 18, 1941, the first hydroelectric unit was launched, and on
January 15, 1942, the second; in 1942, after the construction of a
power line, the Rybinsk current came to Moscow.
During the
Great Patriotic War, residents of the city with technical
specialties especially often served in aviation and tank forces.
Many of them were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In
1941, the Pushkin Tank School was evacuated to the city of Rybinsk.
The hostilities did not directly affect the city, but defensive
structures were erected on the approaches along the Volga, the
remains of which have survived to this day. The city, enterprises,
warehouses were bombarded by German aviation. A number of strategic
facilities, including the aircraft engine plant and the aviation
institute, were evacuated to the city of Ufa, where they gave rise
to local facilities (Ufa Engine-Building Production Association, Ufa
State Aviation Technical University). Many residents of the city,
evacuated to Ufa, settled there forever. However, after a while,
these objects were recreated in Rybinsk.
In early June 1942,
a single German aircraft, unnoticed by VNOS posts, flew 450 km from
the front line and freely dropped a VM1000 mine at the aircraft
engine plant in Rybinsk.
Although the city was not in the front line, there
were 3 GSS: fighter pilots who shot down more than 10 German
soldiers each. German massive raids aimed at destroying the building
of the hydroelectric power station with turbines or at least the dam
continued until mid-1942. To counter these raids, the Rybinsk
squadron was created with about 15 fighters: Yak-1 and Yak-3. Its
peculiarity was that they did not draw stars on the fuselages for
the downed aircraft - because there were about 40 pilots in this
detachment, they were on duty according to the schedule, and they
were given another aircraft ready for battle (today one, tomorrow
another). In 1941 there were a couple of YAKs on duty hanging over
the hydroelectric station around the clock; when bombardier officers
were spotted, they started a battle - even with a much superior
enemy, knowing that in a maximum of 7 minutes, 3 more deuces of
fighters on duty would take off to their aid. Such an organization
led to the fact that about 50 bombers were shot down over Rybinsk in
1.5 years, which managed to drop only 2 bombs on the target: one
damaged the road along the dam, and the other destroyed part of the
wall of the hydroelectric power station building. without damaging
the turbines themselves.
In 1946 the city was renamed
Shcherbakov (in honor of the politician Alexander Shcherbakov), but
already in 1957 the historical name Rybinsk was returned to it.
However, in 1984 the city was renamed again - already in Andropov
(in honor of General Secretary Yuri Andropov), and in 1989 the name
of Rybinsk was returned again. The renaming of the city to Andropov
was formal: road and other signs did not change, as did the names
and seals of city organizations, enterprises and postal addresses.
The return of the historical name Rybinsk was just as formal.
Although at the beginning of World War II the Rybinsk Reservoir
was not completely filled, and in 1941 only one turbine supplied
current (and since the spring of 1942, two were already connected),
it was originally conceived as a strategic object - a backup source
of electricity for the most important facilities in Moscow: The
Kremlin, General Staff, radio broadcasting, railway stations.
Therefore, unlike other power plants, electricity from the Rybinsk
hydroelectric power station was supplied to a special substation in
Moscow not by power lines, but by an underground armored cable. It
was due to this underground backup cable that the supply of
electricity to Moscow's strategic facilities was never interrupted,
despite the fierce bombing of enemy aircraft, even when the thermal
power plants near Moscow were disabled.
On
September 13, 1946, the city was renamed into Shcherbakov in honor
of the politician A.S. Shcherbakov, but already in October 1957 the
historical name of Rybinsk was returned to it. However, on March 15,
1984, the city was renamed again - already in Andropov, in honor of
the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee Yuri
Vladimirovich Andropov (who at one time lived and studied here), and
in March 1989 the name Rybinsk was returned again.
After the
war, instrument-making (Rybinsk Instrument-Making Plant), an
electrical industry (Rybinsk Cable Plant, Electromechanical Plant
"Magma"), a large optical-mechanical plant "Prism" appeared in the
city. The woodworking (furniture and woodworking plant "Svoboda",
the match factory "Mayak") and the food industry, as well as
mechanical engineering developed: a hydromechanization plant, a
plant of woodworking machines appeared, and on the basis of the
mechanical workshops of Volgostroi in the village of Volzhsky, the
Volzhsky machine-building plant, specializing in medium mechanical
engineering. Due to the large concentration of enterprises that were
of a strategic nature and worked, among other things, for the
military-industrial complex, Rybinsk was a “semi-closed” city
(although it was not officially closed): it was hardly visited by
tourists (especially foreign ones).
The city was actively
developing: new residential neighborhoods were built (Veretie-1,2,3,
Skomorokhova Gora, new Center), social facilities, and the transport
network expanded. To intensify housing construction, a
house-building plant was commissioned in the 1960s.
Since the
mid-1960s, construction of high-rise buildings began in the city. In
1966, the first nine-storey buildings appeared in Rybinsk, and
already in 1967 the first 12-storey building in the Yaroslavl region
was built. In the 1970s, massive construction of 14-storey
tower-type buildings was carried out, in the 1980s, 16-storey
buildings were erected. Along with typical regional houses (1-447,
1-464, 111-121, 114-85, 114-86), high-comfort houses were built in
Rybinsk according to Leningrad projects (1-528KP-41, 1-528KP-84E,
Sh-5733, Shch-5416, 1LG-504D).
In 1963, an automobile bridge across the Volga was
put into operation in Rybinsk, which connected the city center with
the Zavolzhye-1 and Slip (Zavolzhye-2) microdistricts, in which one
of the city's shipyards is located. In 1963, the city was connected
to the main natural gas. In 1976 the trolleybus network was
launched, in 1977 - the city ring road.
The population of the
city grew steadily and in the late 1980s it exceeded 250 thousand
people.
In 1986 Andropov (at that time the name of Rybinsk)
received the status of a historical city.
Economic reforms and the crisis of the 1990s, a decrease in funding
for the defense industry had a negative impact on the social and
economic development of Rybinsk. The electrotechnical plant “Magma”,
the optical-mechanical plant “Prizma”, the Rybinsk plant of
woodworking machines, the match factory “Mayak”, the Rybinsk
confectionery factory, and construction trust No. 16 with a
house-building plant ceased to exist. One of the largest in the
city, the Volzhsky machine-building plant, has disappeared, on the
site of which OEC UEC - Gas Turbines and JSC Russian Mechanics are
now operating. Many enterprises have undergone downsizing, mainly in
the production of civilian products. The construction of many
residential buildings and social facilities was frozen. All this
caused an outflow of the population and, together with the
demographic decline of the 1990s, led to a sharp decline in the
city's population: over 25 years, the city's population decreased by
almost 60 thousand people (24%).
According to the results of
voting on September 4, 2005, the city has been endowed with the
status of an urban district since 2006. In 2010 Rybinsk was deprived
of the status of a historical city.
After 1991,
Rybinskelektrokabel CJSC (jointly with Prysmian) and the NPO Krista
software development company appeared in Rybinsk. In 2014, the
Russian Gas Turbines LLC plant was launched (together with General
Electric). Since 2010 There has been a revival in housing
construction, mainly with 3-5 storey brick elevatorless buildings
with gas heating for apartments.
In 2007, after restoration,
the Transfiguration Cathedral was reopened - the cathedral of the
Rybinsk diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church.
Since 2010,
work has been carried out at many objects: the Nikolskaya chapel has
been restored, the railway station and Vokzalnaya square have been
reconstructed, parks have been landscaped. Feigina, park on the
street. Dmitrova, Karjakinsky Garden, Red Square was reconstructed,
a new park was built in Marievka, a children's park in the Perebory
microdistrict was landscaped, a park in the Volzhsky microdistrict
was restored, new houses were built, hockey and sports grounds were
being revived, nursery buildings were built in different parts of
the city, built and repaired highways, bank protection of the Volga
river is being carried out.
In 2016, the city took part in
the regional program "We will equip the region for the anniversary"
(improvement of yards, park areas, municipal institutions, road
repair). Within the framework of Dmitry Mironov's governor's project
"We Decide Together!" in the period from 2017 to 2020, the city
carried out measures to improve the territories: repair of
courtyards and driveways to apartment buildings; repairs in
educational institutions, culture and sports schools, improvement of
parks, squares in different parts of the city.
In 2020, a new
school for 800 students was opened in the Slip microdistrict as part
of the Education National Project
Rybinsk is located on the Mologo-Sheksninskaya lowland
on the banks of the Volga River in a flat, sometimes swampy area, near
the river’s outlet from the Rybinsk reservoir, formed near the
confluence of the Sheksna River and the Volga River.
The city is
located at the northernmost point of the Volga. Before Rybinsk it flows
mainly to the northeast, and from Rybinsk it turns to the southeast. The
city is oriented along the river, lies on both banks, but the historical
part is located on the right bank. The length of Rybinsk along the Volga
is 22 kilometers with a width of no more than 6 kilometers.
The
conditional border of the zone of mixed forests and taiga passes through
the city.
The city is located 270 km north of Moscow and 82 km
northwest of Yaroslavl.
The historical center of the city is limited by the
Volga rivers, its right tributary Cheryomukha, the left tributary of
Cheryomukha Korovka and the left tributary of Korovka Dresvyanka or
Pakhomovsky stream. The area on the right bank of the Cheryomukha in the
city is called “Behind the Cheryomukha,” and the outskirts along the
right bank of the Pakhomovsky stream is called “Behind the Pakhomovsky
Bridge.” The small river Utkash, flowing into the Volga downstream of
Cheryomukha, separates the eastern part of the city - Kopaevo. Another
right tributary of the Volga, the Fominsky Stream, flows along the
northwestern outskirts and separates the Perebory microdistrict from the
city. The Krutets stream and the Selyanka river flow in the left bank
part of the city, separating its eastern outskirts - Slip - from the
Trans-Volga part of the city. A tributary of the Sheksna, the Inopash
stream, borders the Trans-Volga part from the north.
Within the
city limits there is a hydroelectric complex of the Rybinsk
hydroelectric power station, which forms the Rybinsk reservoir. The
peculiarity of the Rybinsk hydroelectric complex is that it is located
on two rivers: the Volga and Sheksna. The Sheksna, Volga and Mologa
rivers merged to form a wide but shallow reservoir. A rather long island
formed between the old bed of the Sheksna, the reservoir and the Volga.
Rybinsk is located in the MSC time zone (Moscow time). The applied time offset relative to UTC is +3:00. In accordance with the applied time and geographic longitude, average solar noon in Rybinsk occurs at 12:21.
The city is located in a temperate continental climate
zone, with a strong moderating influence of the Atlantic. Winter begins
in the second half of November and lasts four months, with frequent
thaws. The coldest month is January, when there are frosts down to
−30...35°C. There have been no severe winters in recent years. Spring
comes in the second half of March and lasts about 2 months. The weather
in spring is usually dry and partly cloudy, the temperature rises
quickly and the snow completely melts. Summer begins in the second half
of May, but short-term returns of cold weather are possible. Summer is
moderately warm and humid, lasting about three and a half months. The
warmest month is July, when the weather is often hot with daytime
temperatures up to +30 degrees. Autumn begins in early September, but
the temperature decreases slowly, so the weather is relatively warm and
sunny until the middle of the month. At the end of September the weather
becomes cloudy and it rains often. Frosts begin in October, and the
first snow may fall in the second half of the month. The average
temperature in October is +5 degrees. In November, the air temperature
is usually unstable and varies greatly from year to year. This can be
either the last month of autumn, with cloudy weather and frequent rains,
or the first month of winter, with frosts and stable snow cover. The
average temperature in January is −10.2°C, in July +18.3°C. Annual
precipitation is 650 mm.
In late fall and early winter, when the
reservoir is not yet frozen, lake effect snow may occur when a cold
front passes.
In the vicinity of Rybinsk, fossils of temnospondyl amphibians that lived in the Early Triassic period were discovered. Fossil remains of Thoosuchus and Benthosuchus were found in the upper part of the Rybinsk horizon of the Lower Olenek substage.
The coat of arms of the city of Rybinsk was granted by
decree of August 3, 1777 by Empress Catherine II (as was the status of
the city). Approved by law of June 20, 1778. “A shield in a scarlet
field: the main part of the Yaroslavl viceroyal coat of arms: a bear
emerging from across the river, holding a golden ax in its left paw, a
pier at that river; two sterlet prove the abundance of that fish.”
The Rybinsk coat of arms is a red shield divided into two parts. At
the top there is a bear coming out from behind the river with a golden
ax on his left shoulder, showing that the city belongs to the Yaroslavl
region. The red color of the field symbolizes courage, courage, and
fearlessness. In the lower part there is a blue belt and two sterlets,
indicating an abundance of water and fish. Two staircases go from the
water to the hill, marking the pier from which Catherine II went up to
the Rybinsk Cathedral on May 9, 1767 to listen to the Divine Liturgy.
The sterlet on the coat of arms of Rybinsk is associated precisely
with the presence of rifts on the Volga above Pereborov. This “royal”
fish of the sturgeon family was delivered to the royal table from
Rybinsk.