Tutaev is located in the Yaroslavl region. The city of the Golden
Ring of Russia is located on both banks of the Volga below the
Rybinsk Reservoir between Rybinsk and Yaroslavl. Administrative
center of the Tutaevsky district of the region.
Tutaev is a
“pearl on the Volga”; the city attracts with its well-preserved
temple architecture. Local residents claim that the city was built
on seven hills, seven ravines and seven springs.
Historically, Borisoglebskaya Sloboda was located on the right bank of the Volga, and Romanovskaya Sloboda was located on the left bank; currently, the names of the districts are preserved with the prefix side. There is no bridge across the river within the city, there is a ferry, so the areas are quite isolated from each other. The administrative center is located on the right bank of the Volga. Construction of the 20th century with modern multi-storey buildings touched the right bank Borisoglebskaya side, while the Romanovskaya side retained the atmosphere of a pre-revolutionary district town.
Tutaev's churches, picturesquely scattered along the hilly banks of
the Volga, attract the attention of tourists and architecture lovers.
Previously, it was possible to get only to the Church of the
Intercession and the Resurrection Cathedral, where unique frescoes of
the 17th century are located; The fresco dedicated to the construction
of the Tower of Babel deserves special attention. Now all the churches
have been transferred to the diocese, and services are held in them.
In the Cathedral of the Exaltation of the Cross, frescoes from the
17th century, made by Yaroslavl (under the leadership of Vasily Ilyin)
and Kostroma (under the leadership of Guriy Nikitin) isographers, have
been preserved (but are in a deplorable state). The problem with the
frescoes is their uniqueness: the painting can be seen in its original
form.
The landscapes of the city inspired the famous painter B.
M. Kustodiev to create the paintings “Walking on the Volga”, “Province”
and others.
Art Nouveau house
Board of Trustees building
Estate of the
noble Zatsepins (later Zherebtsov)
City gymnasium
Apakhov House
House of Shumilovs
House of Sazanovs
Dyagterev's mansion
House
of the merchant Rassolov
Fire Department
Museum "House on Novinskaya"
Museum "Yakovlev House, 16"
Media
Museum of Spiritual History of Romanov-Borisoglebsk (now Tutaev)
Museum of Bell Casting Art (opened in July 2019 in a building next to
the Italmas Bell Factory)
Monument (bust) to the righteous warrior F. F. Ushakov (2006)
Monument (bust) to Marshal of the Soviet Union Fyodor Ivanovich
Tolbukhin (installed in 2001 - the monument was transported from
Bulgaria, where it was dismantled[77]).
Monument to Russian
revolutionary Vladimir Ilyich Lenin
By train
The nearest station is Chebakovo (16 km from the city, 3
pairs of trains per day). There are no convenient bus transfers to
Tutaev further (the only possible connection when moving from Tutaev on
Fridays and weekends from Tutaev at 8:45 and then by train to Nekouz),
so it is more convenient to transfer to a bus in Yaroslavl or Rybinsk.
By car
Both parts of Tutaev are connected by roads with Rybinsk
and Yaroslavl.
From Moscow:
Take the M4 highway through
Rostov, then turn left at the Gavrilov-Yam junction.
From
Yaroslavl:
To the Borisoglebskaya side: along the P151 highway; to
the Romanovskaya side - along M8, after the village. Grasshoppers turn
left.
By bus
Bus service to Yaroslavl and Rybinsk. The bus
station is located on the Borisoglebskaya side, on the outskirts of the
city from Yaroslavl. It is not valid for 2020, so intercity buses stop
at two stops on the central highway of the city, 50th Anniversary of
Victory Avenue, passing through the city.
On the ship
During
the navigation season, the Meteor stops in the city, running daily along
the Breytovo-Rybinsk-Yaroslavl route and back.
Parts of the city on different banks of the Volga are connected by ferry (every hour from 07.00 to 22.00) and passenger boats.
Cafe "Carnelian", Sobornaya st. 40. A good cafe located in the city
park. During the day it has the status of a “children’s cafe”, and in
the evenings it turns into an ordinary provincial tavern with loud
music.
Pizzeria “Domino”, st. Rosa Luxemburg, 55. 11–22. Pizza:
200–250 rubles (2011). A classic combination of pizza and rolls - in a
cafe or delivered to your home.
Restaurant "Imperium", st. Rosa
Luxemburg, 44. According to reviews, Tutaev’s best restaurant.
Restaurant “Myasnoy Dvor”, 50 Let Pobedy Ave., 20a. Provincial
restaurant. Good feedback.
Dining room, st. Krasnoarmeyskaya, 93
(Romanovskaya side).
Hotel "Ekaterina"***, st. Sobornaya, 53 (Borisoglebskaya side). ☎ +7
(48533) 7-01-92, 7-01-55. Double rooms on weekdays/weekends:
2000–3000/2300–3500 rubles (2011). A modern hotel, each room of which is
dedicated to a specific country - Egypt, Greece, Spain, and for some
reason also Paris and London. The names, however, do not obligate anyone
to anything. Free Wi-Fi. Breakfast.
Hotel "Imperium". ☎ +7 (48533)
7-48-00, (901) 199-18-00. 1200–1500 rubles/issue (2011). The hotel has
eight double rooms, most of which are equipped with private amenities.
Restaurant.
Hotel "Manor of the Zatsepin Nobles", st.
Krestovozdvizhenskaya, 45 (Romanovskaya side). ☎ +7 (920) 109-11-25. 600
rub/person (2011). The recreated furnishings of a noble house completely
transport you back to the 19th century - from antique furniture to an
outdoor toilet. Parking in a closed area.
House of Creativity
"Romanovo", Pokrovskaya Sq. 8 (Romanovskaya side). ☎ +7 (903) 826-51-10,
(901) 485-74-22, (916) 242-01-69. 400 rub/person (2011). Rooms in a
village house are positioned as a place to relax for artists and
representatives of other creative professions. The meager amenities are
compensated by the cozy and authentic atmosphere, as well as the sauna
and the availability of meals (on request). Internet access is declared.
Tourist base "Volzhskie Prostory", st. Yaroslavskaya, 36a. ☎ +7 (48533)
2-20-74. From 210 rubles/person (2011). A station for young tourists
turned into a hostel: double rooms and dormitories.
Recreation center
"Birch Grove", 10 km towards Rybinsk. 400–600 rub/person. Summer houses
with kitchen.
Boarding house "Lesnoye", 5 km northwest of Tutaev.
800–1400 rub/person (2011). Rooms of different categories for 1-3
people.
You can also spend the night in the guest rooms of the
Nikolina Gora ski complex (apparently, all year round).
Internet access is declared at the post office (57 Krasnoarmeyskaya St.)
The city is located on both banks of the Volga River. It arose as a result of the unification of two independent cities - Romanov and Borisoglebsk, located on the opposite banks of the Volga and having their own administrative and economic structure; in memory of this, the left-bank part is called the Romanovskaya side, and the right-bank part - Borisoglebskaya.
The city of Romanov was founded in
the second half of the 13th century by the Uglitsky prince Roman
Vladimirovich, who was later canonized in the face of the faithful,
to whose name the city's name goes back. Built in 1283, about which
there are corresponding records in the chronicle. During one of the
raids of the horde, as well as repeated attacks by the Novgorod
ushkuyniks, the city was repeatedly completely destroyed. The main
means of defense is the tyn, periodically renewed by the forces of
the townspeople.
Later, the territory on which the remains of
the city were located was part of the Yaroslavl principality. In
1345, when the Yaroslavl prince Vasily Davydovich Groznye Ochi died,
his son Roman Vasilyevich rebuilt the city and made the center of
the independent Romanov principality. In the center of the revived
city there was a wooden Cathedral Church in honor of the Exaltation
of the Lord's Cross, built by the Prince of Uglitsk, the prince's
tower and outbuildings. Soon a posad grew up around the fortress,
also surrounded by a tynom.
In the 15th century, the
principality became part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. In 1468, the
Grand Duchess Maria Yaroslavna, whose personal possession was then
the city, renewed the defensive structures: there were ramparts, a
moat, a drawbridge, towers (according to various sources, 7-8
pieces). In 1472, she transferred the city to the possession of her
son, Prince Andrei Bolshoy of Uglitsk; after his arrest in 1491,
Romanov finally became part of the possessions of the Moscow prince.
Around 1468 Afanasy Nikitin visited the city.
In 1563, at
the behest of Ivan the Terrible, a mass resettlement of the Tatars
to the Yaroslavl land took place. The city of Romanov for two
hundred years was completely given over to the Tatar murzas. From
here came the princely family of the Yusupovs. According to I. Ya.
Gurland, professor of the Yaroslavl Demidov Lyceum, "... the
settlement of the original Russian area by Tatar immigrants is a
kind of historical whim that led to the rule of Tatars not only in
Romanovsky, but also in the neighboring Yaroslavl districts ...".
The state pursued a policy of Christianization of the Tatars. By a
decree dated December 13, 1760, the Romanov Tatars, who refused to
accept Orthodoxy, were resettled to a settlement near Kostroma (in
the so-called Black Village). During the stay of the Tatar Murzas,
Romanov acquired a Muslim appearance, several mosques were built on
the outskirts of the city, but after the resettlement of the
persistent Tatars in the vicinity of Kostroma, all mosques in
Romanov were dismantled. The development of sheep breeding here,
which gave the famous breed of the Romanov sheep, is associated with
the resettlement of the Tatars to the city.
During the Time
of Troubles (early 17th century) Romanov was plundered and burned,
but then he was revived. It developed shipbuilding, built ships -
"Romanovka", which were distinguished by speed and maneuverability.
Trade flourished.
In 1660, a stone Cathedral of the
Exaltation of the Cross was built in Romanov on the site of a wooden
church. The cathedral was built by Yaroslavl stone-cutters and
painted by Yaroslavl and Kostroma painters. A number of other
prominent temples were built in the 17th and 18th centuries. In
addition to them, merchants built stone dwelling houses.
In
1777 Romanov became the center of the district of the Yaroslavl
province.
The first mentions of settlements
on the Borisoglebskaya side were even before the construction of
Romanov.
Recent studies have shown that in 1238 Yaroslavl was
attacked by the Mongols. This is evidenced, including the Laurentian
Chronicle and the latest research by archaeologists. Part of the
Yaroslavl residents, fleeing the invasion, settled in Borisoglebsk.
And after that, Prince Roman Vladimirovich, having arrived in the
future Borisoglebsk, saw on the other side a place ideal for
creating a fortified settlement, and the first builders of Romanov
were Borisoglebsk and settled refugees from Yaroslavl.
By the
15th century, on the right bank of the Volga, opposite the city of
Romanov, the Borisoglebsk settlement had grown to the Borisoglebsk
fishing settlement, which bore the name of the first Russian saints,
martyrs-passion-bearers of princes Boris and Gleb. In the 16th
century, it was assigned to the Moscow palace order.
During
the Time of Troubles, the settlement was, like Romanov, plundered
and burned. Soon, life was reborn; fishermen living in the
settlement brought fish to the tsar's table.
In 1652, the first stone, tent-roofed temple in the name of the
Smolensk Icon of the Mother of God was built in the Borisoglebskaya
Sloboda on the site of a wooden male monastery; it was built,
however, was poorly and already in 1670 became unusable. In 1678, on
its basis, Yaroslavl craftsmen built the most famous temple of the
city - the Resurrection Cathedral, which was painted by Yaroslavl
artists around 1680. In 1660, a more modest Annunciation Church was
built by Moscow masons in the southern part of the Borisoglebskaya
Sloboda.
In 1777 Borisoglebskaya Sloboda was transformed into
the city of Borisoglebsk. At the same time, it was administratively
united with the neighboring Yamskaya Sloboda and the village of
Novo-Annunciation. The new city, like Romanov, became the district
center of the Yaroslavl province. At the end of the 18th century,
Romanov and Borisoglebsk, like many Russian cities, received regular
plans, but due to the complexity of the relief, these plans had
little impact on the development of both cities.
In 1822 Romanov and Borisoglebsk were united
into a single city of Romanov-Borisoglebsk; this was done in
accordance with the decree of Alexander I of May 30, 1822 and was
explained by the goals of economy in the management of cities.
During the 19th century, the united city developed slowly,
suppressed by the proximity of large Yaroslavl. Stone construction
decreased in the city - during the 19th century not a single
outstanding building was created, residential buildings were built
according to "exemplary projects". However, in some sectors of the
economy, certain success was achieved: in the vicinity of the city,
Romanov sheep, well-known throughout Russia, were bred, a sheepskin
and fur factory appeared in the city, the Romanov linen manufactory
and the Konstantinovsky plant of mineral oils functioned near the
city. At that time, according to data from foreign dictionaries that
mentioned Romanov-Borisoglebsk, there were 1440 industries in the
city with a population not exceeding 6.5 thousand.
At the
beginning of the 20th century, the city had about 8,500 inhabitants,
who worked in 12 local factories, of which the most important was
the "Partnership of the Romanov Linen Manufactory" with a turnover
of over a million rubles. Significant factories producing sheepskin
made Romanov-Borisoglebsk famous for the high value of its
processing.
On November 7, 1918, a solemn
meeting was held in Romanov-Borisoglebsk dedicated to the first
anniversary of the October Revolution. There were members of the
district committee of the RCP (b), the executive committee of the
district council, 3 factory committees, bureau of internationalist
teachers, councils of trade union organizations, representatives of
the Red Army. N. F. Dobrokhotov, secretary of the district committee
of the RCP (b), chaired, Lokhanin and Sharov were secretaries. The
main issue discussed was the renaming of the city and its county. It
was proposed to change the name of the city to Lunacharsk in honor
of the People's Commissar of Education A.V. Lunacharsky (1875-1933),
Leninsk in honor of the Chairman of the Council of People's
Commissars of the RSFSR V.I.Lenin (1870-1924), Razin in honor of the
leader of the peasant uprising Stepan Razin (1630-1671 ),
Kommunar-Spartak in honor of the participants of the Paris Commune
(1871) and the leader of the slave uprising in Rome Spartacus (about
120 BC - 71 BC), Volodarsk in honor of the revolutionary V.
Volodarsky (1891-1918), Tutaevsk in honor of private soldier IP
Tutaev (1897-1918), who died during the suppression of the Yaroslavl
rebellion. We stopped at "Tutaevsk", but at the end of the meeting a
certain Levchuk suggested adding "Lunacharsk" to the name. The
meeting unanimously adopted a new name - Tutaev-Lunacharsk, and the
double name was accompanied by the mark “for the second part”. On
November 9, 1918, the decision was consolidated at a plenary meeting
of the district executive committee (chairman Shashkin, secretary
Polikarpov).
On December 9, 1918, at a plenary meeting of the
district executive committee (chairman N. N. Panin, secretary
Polikarpov), in connection with the proposal of the Cheka to leave
"for the convenience of telegraphic communications" one word in the
title of the addition "Lunacharsk" was removed, and it was decided
to call the city simply Tutaev - "in memory of the Red Army comrade
Tutaev Lopatin, who died in the line of duty during the White Guard
mutiny at the hands of the White Guard gangs at the dacha [of the
Yaroslavl mayor] Lopatin." The announcement of the renaming appeared
in the press on December 18 in Izvestia of the Tutaevsk Executive
Committee of Soviets of Peasants 'and Workers' Deputies, No. 72.
Accordingly, the district was named Tutaevsky.
In March 1941,
the executive committee of the Yaroslavl Regional Council decided to
rename Tutaev to the city named after Mendeleev in honor of the
scientist D.I.Mendeleev, with whose participation the
Konstantinovsky Mineral Oil Plant was built near the city. The
document was signed by the chairman of the executive committee V.
Gogosov and secretary P. Kusmartsev. The reason was that the
renaming of Romanov-Borisoglebsk at one time was never formally
approved by the government of the RSFSR. However, the outbreak of
the Great Patriotic War prevented the implementation of the plan.
In the post-war period, traditional flax processing industries, sewing and furniture production continued to develop in Tutaev. In the early 1970s, the largest engine-building plant in the Yaroslavl region (Tutaevsky Motor Plant (TMZ)) was built.
The question of returning the old name
to the city arose, as in other cities renamed in Soviet times, at
the beginning of Perestroika. Attempts were made to put this idea
into practice several times, but in two referendums the townspeople
spoke out against the renaming. Opponents of the renaming believe
that it only distracts from more serious problems, will cause
disagreement among the townspeople, lead to a waste of budgetary
funds, money and time of residents who will have to change all
documents. It is indicated that the people who lived in
Romanov-Borisoglebsk are no longer there, and for the majority of
today's townspeople the modern name of the city is associated not
with the dead Red Army soldier, but with the place where they grew
up and lived. Supporters of the renaming, including the current head
of the urban settlement Sergey Ershov, believe that the return of
the previous name will have a positive effect on attracting
tourists. The whole event, according to their calculations, will
cost only 400 thousand rubles (as of December 2009); there will be
no special change of documents. It is indicated that the city
received the name of Ilya Tutaev spontaneously, the decision was
made by a narrow circle of people; moreover, it was never formally
fixed at the state level. There is an opinion that the majority of
citizens are indifferent to the issue of renaming.
On May 27,
2015, at the city council, a decision was made to rename the ancient
city of Tutaev to Romanov-Borisoglebsk. The city officials believe
that the new name will draw the attention of citizens and tourists
to the historical past of the city, and will contribute to the
growth of the city's attractiveness from a tourist point of view.
The documents on renaming the city were sent for consideration to
the Yaroslavl Regional Duma for subsequent appeal to the Russian
government.
Deputies of the Yaroslavl Regional Duma approved
the renaming of the city of Tutaev.
On December 2, 2015,
Rosreestr gave a positive expert opinion on the proposal of the
Yaroslavl Regional Duma to rename Tutaev to Romanov-Borisoglebsk.
On December 11, 2015, the Yaroslavl Regional Duma submitted a
legislative initiative to rename the city of Tutaev to the State
Duma of the Russian Federation.
On November 1, 2016, the
Committee of the State Duma of the Russian Federation on Regional
Policy and Problems of the North and the Far East voted to return to
Tutaev his historical name Romanov-Borisoglebsk. Federal deputies
supported the initiative of their Yaroslavl colleagues. At the same
time, it was decided that the Tutaevsky district will not be
renamed.
In November, at the suggestion of the Yaroslavl
Regional Duma, the State Duma adopted in the first reading a bill on
renaming the city: 385 deputies voted for the renaming, 37 voted
against, two abstained.
In the second reading, it was
supposed to be adopted in February 2017, but this did not happen. In
December 2016, the interim governor of the Yaroslavl region Dmitry
Mironov, at a meeting with residents of the city, promised that the
renaming should not take place without taking into account the
opinions of residents, and a referendum would be held on this issue.
As it turned out later, the renaming of the city does not apply to
issues of local importance, so the referendum will not be held.
It was decided to conduct a survey of the population on
September 10, the day of elections. However, polling at polling
stations, as planned by the organizers, is prohibited by law.
Therefore, they decided to place the voting places 50 meters from
the polling stations. The warring parties have agreed that this poll
will be the last, and its results will be recognized by both sides.
On September 2, 2017, the sociological agency AXIO conducted an
independent survey, polling 6641 people (more than 16.43% of the
city's population). Of these, 1,748 people (26.32%) voted for the
renaming of Tutaev into Romanov-Borisoglebsk. 4874 people (73.39%)
supported the preservation of the current name of the city, Tutaev.