Khamovniki is the southwestern part of the center of Moscow, located
behind the Garden Ring in the bend of the Moskva River.
The name
Khamovniki came from the Old Russian word ham, which was the name of the
linen cloth. There were several weaving settlements in Moscow, and there
was a Hamovny yard, for example, in Kadashevskaya sloboda of
Zamoskvorechye, however, the name Khamovnicheskaya Sloboda was fixed for
the area southwest of the borders of the Earthen City, that is, the
current Garden Ring. Although the modern Khamovniki microdistrict
stretches along Prechistenka and Ostozhenka to the Kremlin itself, in
ordinary urban life, Khamovniki is called only that part of the district
that is located behind the Garden Ring. In this guide, Khamovniki is
limited to the Garden Ring and the bend of the Moskva River, from the
Crimean Bridge to Novoarbatsky.
Metro Sportivnaya.
Metro station: Park Kultury
1 Chambers of the Khamovny
Dvor, 10 Lva Tolstogo str.
2 St. Nicholas Church in Khamovniki, 2 Lva
Tolstogo str.
Metro station: Park Kultury, Smolenskaya
3 Pogodinskaya
hut, Pogodinskaya str., 10.
4 Church of the Archangel Michael on
Devichy Pole (1897) , Elansky str., 2.
5 Church of St. Dimitry
Prilutsky on Devichy Field, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya str., 6.
6 Church
of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross on Chisty Vrazhka (1708, 1895) , 1st
lane of Workers, 8.
7 The Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker on
the Chips, 1st Smolensky Lane, 20.
Metro station: Sportivnaya, Luzhniki
8 Novodevichy Convent,
Novodevichy passage, Luzhnetsky passage. The famous monastery in
Khamovniki with a cemetery where famous people are buried. edit
The word "khamovniki" comes from the word "ham", which since the XIV
century has meant linen (for example, they asked to sell "three cubits
to a boor").
Once upon a time there was a large Hamovnaya
settlement on the territory of the current Khamovniki, where weavers
lived. They were nicknamed "boors". Initially, in the 20s of the XVII
century, when the demand for Russian flax grew, craftsmen who had been
relocated from Tver lived in the settlement. They were in a special
position with Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, were subject to low taxes, were
exempt from certain duties and had no right to live anywhere except in
their village.
In memory of the weavers, the chambers of the
Khamovny Dvor, which are located on Lev Tolstoy Street, house No. 10,
building No. 2, have now been preserved.
Also, the "khamovniki"
store reminded the surrounding people of the "Russian Flax" store, which
was located on Komsomolsky Prospekt at No. 29, where all kinds of
weaving products could be purchased, including products from the Red
Rose factory. Currently, there is no shop or factory anymore.
The
word "khamovniki" was used in the names of streets and embankments. So,
in 1920, Bolshoy (Long) Khamovnichesky Lane was renamed into Leo Tolstoy
Street (after the name of the estate where the writer lived);
Khamovnicheskaya Embankment was renamed Frunzenskaya Embankment in 1925;
1-3 Khamovnicheskie Streets in 1956 became 1-3 Frunzensky Streets;
Khamovnicheskiy Kamer-Kollezhsky Val was long called Frunzensky The
Shaft, and now it is simply called the Khamovnicheskiy Shaft.
Within the limits of the modern municipal district there are: the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts, the Pushkin State Museum (literary), exhibition halls of the Russian Academy of Arts, the Museum of Moscow (in the complex "Grocery Stores"), the State Museum of L.N. Tolstoy, the Memorial Museum-Estate of L.N. Tolstoy "Khamovniki", the A.I. Herzen House Museum, the exhibition hall of the Federal Archives, the Luzhniki Sports Museum, the Burganov House Museum, the Zurab Tsereteli Art Gallery and other museums, galleries and exhibition halls.
The Novodevichy Monastery (founded in 1524) and the Zachatievsky Monastery (founded in 1584), the recreated Cathedral of Christ the Savior, the Church of Nicholas the Wonderworker in Khamovniki and others are located in Khamovniki. More than ten Orthodox churches in Khamovniki were destroyed during the Soviet era. Memorial chapels and commemorative signs have now been erected on the site of some destroyed temples. Khamovniki is also home to the working residence of the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia and the Publishing Council of the Russian Orthodox Church. In Turchaninov Lane (near Ostozhenka) there is the Church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos of the Old Believer community of Rogozhsky accord. In 2008, a Jewish community "Among its own" was organized in Khamovniki.
Among the largest green areas of the district, the following can be
distinguished:
The Trubetskoy Manor in Khamovniki Park is an 11.2
ha park between Usacheva and Trubetskoy Streets and Kholzunov Lane. The
former estate of the Princes Trubetskoy, with them a private garden with
a pond was formed. In Soviet times, the park was declared a place for
recreation, physical development and military training of children.
After the Great Patriotic War, the station of young naturalists was
located here. Today, the park is a place for people of all ages to walk.
There are paths, recreation areas, children's and sports grounds, and a
dog walking area.
Devichy Pole Square is a recreation area with
children's and sports grounds located between Bolshaya Pirogovskaya
Street, Elansky and Plushykha Streets and Devichy Pole Passage. The
square was laid out in 1948 according to the project of architect M. P.
Korzhev in collaboration with B. V. Belozersky and S. V. Chaplina. There
are monuments to L. N. Tolstoy, N. F. Filatov, M. V. Frunze and
long-range aviation pilots. There is also a fountain, which is also a
ventilation kiosk for underground communications of the Frunze Academy.
Novodevichy Ponds Park is a park area next to the Novodevichy
Monastery. It is a landscaped area around the Bolshoy and Maly
Novodevichy ponds. There are flower beds in the park, and there is a
playground for children. A separate attraction of this park is the
sculptural composition "Make way for ducklings!", installed in 1991. The
composition was a gift to Raisa Gorbacheva from Barbara Bush. "Make way
for ducklings!" in the park near the Novodevichy Monastery is a copy of
the sculpture installed in Boston in 1987.
Across the street from
the Novodevichy Ponds Park is the Novodevichy Embankment, which has a
wide walking area and a bike path. The space was equipped in 2015 as
part of a comprehensive landscaping near the Novodevichy Monastery.
The park of the Luzhniki Sports Complex is the landscaped territory
of the Luzhniki Olympic Complex. The garden and park ensemble was formed
simultaneously with the construction of a Large Sports Arena, being a
stylistic continuation of the ensemble of the Moscow State University
complex on the opposite bank of the Moskva River. The park has become a
place of sports glory of the country: memorial alleys, sculptures and
monuments to athletes are arranged here. On the eve of the 2018 FIFA
World Cup in Moscow, the park was renovated. Having preserved the
historical ensemble, the authors of the project emphasized its sports
orientation. So, a running and cycling track was laid on the
Luzhnetskaya Embankment, and workout areas were allocated. There are
also workout zones and playgrounds for sports games on the territory of
the park. Two playgrounds for children have been built.
There are
also squares in the Khamovniki district: on Khamovnicheskiy Val,
Usacheva Street, Timur Frunze Street. Gogolevsky Boulevard, part of the
Boulevard Ring, partially runs through the territory of the district.
The following secondary schools are located in the district:
GBOU
"Center of pedagogical Excellence" (Khamovnichesky Val, 6)
GBOU
Secondary school No. 588 (Timur Frunze str., 3, p. 2)
School No. 1231
(1st Neopalimovsky lane, 10, p. 10)
GBOU education center No. 57
"Fifty-seventh school" (Khamovnichesky Val, 26)
GBOU School No. 1535
GBOU special (correctional) secondary school No. 30
GBOU Secondary
School No. 1253 with advanced study of a foreign language
GBOU
gymnasium No. 1529 named after A. S. Griboyedov
GBOU SECONDARY school
No. 171
GBOU Secondary school No. 59 named after N. V. Gogol
GBOU
SECONDARY SCHOOL No. 54
GBOU SECONDARY SCHOOL No. 45
GBOU
Linguistic Lyceum No. 1555
GBOU SECONDARY SCHOOL No. 34
GBOU
gymnasium No. 1521
The following universities are located in the
district:
MIREA — Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA),
Frunzenskaya metro station, Malaya Pirogovskaya str., 1, p. 5
I. M.
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, admission Committee,
Frunzenskaya metro station, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya str., 2
Military
Institute of Military Conductors of the Military University,
Frunzenskaya metro station, Komsomolsky Ave., 18/1
Diplomatic Academy
of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Park Kultury metro
station, 53 Ostozhenka str./2s1
Moscow Pedagogical State University
(MPSU), Frunzenskaya metro station, Malaya Pirogovskaya str., 1, p. 1
Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the
President of the Russian Federation, Park Kultury metro station,
Prechistenskaya nab., 11
Moscow State Linguistic University, Park
Kultury metro station, 38 Ostozhenka Street
The basis of the district's road network is Komsomolsky Prospekt, which turns into Vernadsky Avenue to the southwest and flows into Leninsky Prospekt, which after the MKAD turns into the Kiev Highway. This highway leads, in particular, to Vnukovo airport and to New Moscow. When moving to the center, it turns into Ostozhenka Street, then into Volkhonka, and goes out onto the "Kremlin Ring". Ostozhenka and Komsomolsky Prospekt are crossed by three ring highways: Bulvarnoye, Sadovoye and the Third Transport Ring. Streets of regional significance run parallel to the avenue: Prechistenskaya and Frunzenskaya embankments; Rostovskaya, Savvinskaya, Novodevichy embankments; Prechistenka, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street and Luzhnetsky passage. Yelansky Street branches off from Bolshaya Pirogovskaya, turning into Ivy, which goes directly to Smolenskaya Street. In the southwestern part of the district, parallel to the Luzhnetskaya overpass of the Third Ring, passes Khamovnichesky Val - a large district street connecting all four radial roads. On the territory of the Luzhniki Olympic complex there are the Luzhnetskaya Embankment, Luzhniki Street, the Alley of Glory (a physical extension of the Luzhnetsky Passage), partially closed for personal transport.
Parallel to the axis of the district territory, along Ostozhenka and
Komsomolsky Prospekt, there is a section of the Sokolnicheskaya Line
from Kropotkinskaya to Vorobyovy Gory. At the Park Kulturypark
Kulturypark Kultury station, there is a transfer to the Ring Line.
Between the Luzhnetskaya overpass and Khamovnicheskiy Val there is a
line of the Moscow Central Ring and the Sportivnyaluzhniki Luzhniki
station. There is a free ground transfer from it to the "Sports" one.
For the surroundings of Plyushchikha and Savvinskaya Embankment, the
nearest stations are Kievsky Vokzalkievskayakievskaya Kievskaya,
Filevskaya Smolenskaya line and Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Smolenskaya line.
he composition of the Council of Deputies for 2017-2022 was
determined at the elections on September 10, 2017. 9 representatives of
the Yabloko party, 1 representative of the Communist Party and 5
self-nominated candidates have mandates. Khamovniki district is one of
the few districts of Moscow in which the United Russia party failed to
get a single mandate in the Council of Deputies of the district in 2017.
According to the results of the elections that took place on
September 9-11, 2022, 87% of representatives of the United Russia party
and 7% each from the Communist Party and Just Russia — For Truth parties
were elected to the Khamovniki District Council.