Mordovia, or the Republic of Mordovia (Moksh. Mordovia Respubliki,
Erz. Mordovia Respublika), is a subject of the Russian Federation, a
republic within it. It is part of the Volga Federal District and is part
of the Volga-Vyatka economic region.
Area 26,128 km². The
population is 771,373 people. The capital is the city of Saransk.
Official languages: Russian and Mordovian (Erzya and Moksha)
languages.
Time zone MSK, offset relative to UTC is +3:00.
Divided into 22 municipal districts and 1 urban district. Head of the
Republic of Mordovia Artyom Alekseevich Zdunov, Chairman of the
Government Dmitry Aleksandrovich Pozdnyakov, Chairman of the State
Assembly of the Republic Vladimir Vasilyevich Chibirkin (since 2011).
Formed on July 16, 1928 as the Mordovian Okrug. On January 10, 1930,
the district was transformed into the Mordovian Autonomous Region.
Republic since 1934.
Reserve "Mordovsky"
Smolny National Park
Along with Russian, the official languages of Mordovia are two Finno-Ugric languages - Erzya and Moksha. Ethnic Mordvins are highly assimilated, and you will be very lucky if you hear Mordovian speech on the street. Street signs are one of the few examples of the use of Mordovian languages in public space.
By plane
Saransk Airport (IATA:SKX) receives Mordovia Airlines
flights five times a week from Moscow (Domodedovo).
By train
From Moscow from the Kazansky station on the company train No. 042Y
“Mordovia”.
By car
From Moscow along the M5 Ural federal
highway.
The republic is located on the eastern part of the East European
Plain, approximately halfway between Moscow and the Volga, and
geographically its territory can be divided into two parts: the western
part is located on the Oka-Don Plain, the central and eastern parts - on
the Volga Upland. The highest place in Mordovia is 324 m.
In the
north it borders with the Nizhny Novgorod region, in the northeast -
with Chuvashia, in the east - with the Ulyanovsk region, in the south -
with the Penza region, in the west - with the Ryazan region.
The
Republic of Mordovia is the closest Russian republic to Moscow: the
distance by road from the Moscow Ring Road to the western border of
Mordovia is 398 km, and in a straight line - 330 km. However,
administratively Mordovia belongs not to the Central, but to the Volga
Federal District.
The climate on the territory of the republic is moderate continental
(according to Alisov), moderate continental humid with warm summers, Dfb
according to Koeppen]. The average January temperature is −9... -12°C,
absolute minimums reach -42... -45°C. The average July temperature is
+19... +21°C, absolute maximums +39... +40°C. Due to the absence of
relief obstacles, the territory of Mordovia is open to both northern and
southern air masses. The average annual precipitation is 400-500 mm.
Hydrographically, the territory of Mordovia is also divided into two
parts: the western (53% of the republic’s area) belongs to the Moksha
basin, the eastern (47%) to the Sura basin. The total number of rivers
flowing through the territory of the republic (including very small
rivers) is 1525, of which only 10 rivers have a length of more than 100
km: these are the Sura and its tributaries Alatyr, Insar, Piana, as well
as Moksha with the tributaries Sivin, Issa, Vad, Partsa (tributary of
the Vad) and Vysha (tributary of the Tsna).
There are several
thousand lakes, ponds and reservoirs in Mordovia. The total water area
is 21,000 hectares, with 14,500 hectares of territory under swamps. Most
lakes are located in river valleys and are of water-erosive origin
(oxbow lakes). The largest of them are Vyachkishevo (near Temnikov) and
Inerka. There are few karst lakes, the largest of which are Piyavskoye
and Endovishche.
The western part of Mordovia is located in the zone of
coniferous-deciduous and broad-leaved forests; in the central and
eastern regions, shrub and meadow steppes predominate. The flora
includes more than 1,230 species of vascular plants from 495 genera and
109 families. Of these, 4 are species of clubmosses, 8 are horsetails,
18 are ferns, 3 are gymnosperms, and the rest are flowering plants.
Herbaceous plants predominate; the number of tree and shrub species is
small. The main forest-forming species: pine, spruce, larch, English
oak, ash, sycamore maple, elm, warty and downy birch, alder,
small-leaved linden, black poplar.
In Mordovia, 63 species of
mammals (of which 35 are rare), 267 species of birds (70 rare), and 44
species of fish live in the reservoirs of the republic. The world of
insects is very rich (more than 1000 species), but the diversity of
reptiles and amphibians is small. The fauna consists of representatives
of the forest fauna (elk, wild boar, lynx, marten, white hare, wood
grouse, hazel grouse, woodpeckers, blackbirds, tits) and, to a lesser
extent, steppe fauna (speckled gopher, steppe mole rat, common mole rat,
great jerboa ).
Two specially protected natural areas of federal
significance have been created on the territory of the republic: the
Mordovian State Reserve named after P. G. Smidovich and the Smolny
National Park. There are also nature reserves and natural monuments of
regional significance.
The Republic of Mordovia is located in a time zone designated by international standard as the Moscow Time Zone (MSK). The offset relative to UTC is +3:00. Time in the republic corresponds to geographic zone time.
The Mordovian people had their own statehood until the second half of
the 17th century. The works of Western European historians of the 13th
century speak of two Mordovian princes. Russian chronicles contain
references to the “Mordva Purgasova”, or “Purgasova volost”, in the area
between the Teshi and Marsha rivers, as lands inhabited possibly by
Finno-Ugric tribes of the Mordvinians.
In the 1920s, after the
end of the Civil War, the issue of forming national autonomies of
peoples who supported the new government and took an active part in the
civil war on the side of the Bolsheviks began to be resolved, as a
tribute for services rendered in the suppression of opponents of
Bolshevism. At this time, the problem of allocating a territory with a
predominant Mordovian population arose. By 1920, the Mordovians lived on
the territory of 25 provinces. From 1925 to 1928, more than 30 Mordovian
volosts were formed on the territory of Penza, Nizhny Novgorod, Saratov
and Ulyanovsk provinces.
The next stage in the formation of
Mordovian statehood is associated with the division of the Middle Volga
region into districts and the formation in 1928 of the Mordovian
district (with its center in Saransk) as part of the Middle Volga
region. The district included counties and volosts with a Mordovian
population, which were previously part of the provinces of Nizhny
Novgorod, Tambov, Penza and Simbirsk.
In 1930, the Mordovian
Okrug was transformed into the Mordovian Autonomous Region. To increase
the number of Mordovians in it, some administrative units with a Russian
population from the former Mordovian district were transferred to
neighboring territories and, conversely, the southern territories of the
Nizhny Novgorod Territory, densely populated by Mordovians, were
transferred to the Mordovian Autonomous Region. It is interesting that
initially they wanted to make the oldest city of the republic, Temnikov,
the capital of Mordovia, but due to the lack of a railway there, the
choice finally fell on Saransk.
On December 20, 1934, the
Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was created by a
resolution of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive
Committee. Also in 1934, four national districts were created as part of
the Middle Volga region. In 1936, the Mordovian ASSR was separated from
the Middle Volga Territory and included in the RSFSR as an autonomous
republic.
In Soviet times, the region was repeatedly awarded:
twice - the Order of Lenin (December 11, 1965 and July 10, 1985, for the
successes achieved by the workers of the MASSR in economic and cultural
construction, and in connection with the 500th anniversary of the entry
of the Mordovian people into the Russian state ), the Order of the
October Revolution (January 9, 1980) and the Order of Friendship of
Peoples (December 29, 1972).
In 1990, the Supreme Council of the
Mordovian ASSR adopted the Declaration on the state status of the
Mordovian Republic, according to which the Mordovian ASSR was
transformed into the Mordovian Soviet Socialist Republic. On December
25, 1993, in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation,
the MSSR became known as the Republic of Mordovia.
On March 30,
1995, the State Assembly (Parliament) of Mordovia approved the new coat
of arms and flag of the republic. On September 21, 1995, the
Constitutional Assembly of the Republic of Mordovia adopted the current
constitution.
The very first museum in Mordovia was opened in the city of Temnikov
with the support of local nobles (among the patrons were the descendants
of Admiral Ushakov, the grandparents of the writer Kuprin, the
descendants of the metallurgists Demidovs, etc.) The museum collections
included more than 3 thousand exhibits. In 1956, the museum was closed
(around the same time, all but one of the Temnikov churches were
destroyed), the exhibits were transferred to the Republican Museum of
Local Lore.
Modern largest museums: Mordovian Republican United
Museum of Local Lore with 9 branches in the regions of the republic,
Mordovian Republican Museum of Fine Arts named after S. D. Erzya with 3
branches, Temnikovsky Museum of History and Local Lore named after
Admiral F. F. Ushakov, Museum of Military and Labor Feat c branch - the
museum of A. I. Polezhaev. In addition to state ones, the republic has
more than a hundred small museums on a voluntary basis, including those
created at educational institutions and some enterprises.
The
largest library in the republic is the Pushkin National Library. As part
of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Higher Professional
Education "Mordovian State University named after. N.P. Ogarev" there is
also the largest Scientific Library named after. M. M. Bakhtin. M. M.
Bakhtin is the most prominent Russian philosopher and thinker, theorist
of European culture and art. Lived and worked in Saransk.
At the
beginning of the 20th century, the sculptor Stepan Dmitrievich Erzya,
who took his pseudonym from the name of the Mordovian people “Erzya”,
gained world fame. The significance of his work is widely promoted in
the republic, since in his works he paid significant attention to
Mordovian culture.
Composer Leonid Ivanovich Voinov became famous
in Mordovia. Streets in Saransk and Temnikov, music schools in Saransk
and Temnikov, and an orchestra of Russian folk instruments are named
after him.
The State Puppet Theater of the Republic of Mordovia
is famous in Russia. The main repertoire of the theater is folk tales.
National Erzya and Moksha culture is represented by several popular
performers performing modern songs in the Moksha and Erzya languages, as
well as several groups performing traditional music. Among them, the
Torama group, founded in 1990 by Vladimir Romashkin, stands out.
Performers of Moksha and Erzya songs present their repertoire in the
republic, as well as at events dedicated to Finno-Ugric culture in
Russia and abroad.
Funds are not provided for the creation of a
film studio in the urban district of Saransk.
The Republic of Mordovia is one of the recognized centers of the
Finno-Ugric world. Since July 2002, the central office of the
Association of Finno-Ugric Peoples of Russia has been located in
Saransk.
In 2006, on behalf of the President of the Russian
Federation V.V. Putin and with the participation of the Ministry of
Regional Development of the Russian Federation, the Volga Region Center
for the Cultures of Finno-Ugric Peoples was created in Mordovia. Its
structural unit is the Interregional Scientific Center for Finno-Ugric
Studies of Mordovian State University named after N. P. Ogarev, which
operates the cultural sector on the basis of the Institute of National
Culture of Moscow State University named after N. P. Ogarev. The
scientific journal “Finno-Ugric World” and “Finno-Ugric Newspaper” are
published in Saransk, which are circulated both in Russia and abroad.
In July 2007, the international festival “Shumbrat, Finno-Ugria!”
was held in Saransk, in which about 3,000 representatives of Finno-Ugric
peoples from all over Russia and foreign countries took part. In 2009,
the Republic hosted the IV Congress of Finno-Ugric Peoples of the
Russian Federation.
In August 2012, the Republic of Mordovia
celebrated the Millennium of the unity of the Mordovian people with the
peoples of the Russian state - an event of national significance.
In the republic, since the 1960s, the number of schools teaching
Mordovian languages has gradually decreased: in the 1960/61 academic
year there were 550, by 1988/89 there were 319 left. In the 1990s, there
was a sharp increase in the number of students studying the Erzya
language as a subject in state and municipal schools of the republic: in
1990 there were 5802, and in 2000 there were already 7640. On the
contrary, the number of children studying Moksha decreased: from 10774
to 7495. In 2010, out of 419 schools, 161st were taught in their native
language ( non-Russian) language: in 137 schools - in one of the
Mordovian languages, in 24 - in Tatar. In other schools, Mordovian
languages were taught in primary grades in 2010. There are 9 higher
educational institutions in the Republic of Mordovia.
Mordovian
State University named after Nikolai Platonovich Ogarev. Founded on
October 1, 1931 as a Pedagogical Institute, on October 2, 1957 it was
transformed into a university. Currently there are 10 faculties and 7
institutes. In total, about 25,000 students study at Moscow State
University. It is the largest classical university in the Volga region.
It ranks 42nd in the ranking of classical universities and 13th in the
ranking of universities that train the country's personnel for the
highest echelons of power. In 2010, it received the category “National
Research University”.
March 2, 2014 at the Information and
Situational Center of Moscow State University. N.P. Ogarev held a round
table, the result of the work was the opening in Mordovia of a regional
branch of the All-Russian Interethnic Union of Youth.
Mordovian
State Pedagogical Institute named after Makar Evsevievich Evseviev.
Founded June 30, 1962. Currently there are 9 faculties. About 6,000
students study. In the 2004 rating of the Russian Educational
Institution, the institute took 36th place among 78 pedagogical
universities.
Saransk Cooperative Institute of the Russian University
of Cooperation. Founded on September 23, 1976. About 7,000 students
study at SKI RUK. The Saransk Cooperative Institute provides three-stage
training: lyceum - technical school - university. The cooperative
technical school trains mid-level specialists in 5 specialties, higher
education is conducted in 4 specialties. In 2005, the university became
a diploma winner of the “Best Goods of Mordovia” competition in the
“Services” category.
Mordovian Humanitarian Institute. The Institute
began its work on November 19, 1993 as a branch of the Moscow External
Humanitarian University. Since 1994 it has been functioning as an
independent institution of higher professional education. Currently,
about 2000 people are studying at the university. Training of
specialists is carried out in 3 specialties in 9 departments. In April
2004, the institute was awarded the international award of the Global
Resources Management Association “Gold Ingot” as the most sustainable
enterprise in Russia and Eastern Europe.
Ruzaevsky Institute of
Mechanical Engineering (branch) of Mordovia State University. N. P.
Ogareva.
Saransk branch of the Modern Humanitarian Academy.
Middle
Volga (Saransk) branch of the Russian Legal Academy of the Ministry of
Justice of the Russian Federation.
Branch of the Volgo-Vyatka Academy
of Public Administration in Saransk.
Branch of the Samara State
Transport University in Ruzaevka.
Saransk Theological Seminary.
Mordovia is one of 15 regions in which, from September 1, 2006, the
subject of Fundamentals of Orthodox Culture was introduced as a regional
component of education.
The main world religions are represented on the territory of
Mordovia: Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Judaism, etc. Most residents of
the republic profess Orthodoxy. The region is represented by 3 dioceses:
Saransk, Krasnoslobodsk and Ardatovsk. The ruling bishop is Metropolitan
Zinovy of Saransk and Mordovia. The central cathedral of Saransk is the
Cathedral of the holy righteous warrior Theodore Ushakov.
On the
territory of the republic there are ancient monasteries that have become
places of pilgrimage for thousands of people from all over the country.
Monasteries of the republic: Sanaksarsky monastery (Temnikov), St. John
the Theologian (Makarovka village), Holy Trinity (B. Chufarovo village),
Alexander Nevsky (Kimlyai village); female: Paraskeva-Voznesensky
(Paigarm village), Svyato-Tikhvinsky (Kurilovo village), Svyato-Olginsky
(Insar). There are 3 spiritual administrations of Muslims in Mordovia -
the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of the Republic of Mordovia, the
Regional Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Mordovia and the Central
Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Mordovia.
In close
cooperation between traditional religious organizations and republican
ministries and departments, various events are regularly held to help
preserve and strengthen public harmony, interethnic and interfaith peace
in the republic.
In May 2010, a cooperation agreement was signed between the Republic
of Mordovia and the Ministry of Sports, Tourism and Youth Policy of the
Russian Federation, which provides for cooperation in the development of
22 sports in the region. Mordovia has been identified as the base center
for the development of 7 summer and 3 winter “core” Olympic sports. In
2013, it is planned to increase their number to 22. At a meeting of the
Council on Physical Education and Sports under the President of the
Russian Federation, the Republic of Mordovia was named among the four
best regions in the country for the development of mass physical
education movement.
The list of Mordovian athletes-candidates for
Russian national sports teams includes 112 people. Mordovia trained 150
athletes in various sports for the London Olympics. Per 100,000
inhabitants, Mordovia exhibits more than 18 national athletes. The
symbolic Mordovian team includes a large number of winners and
prize-winners of the most prestigious competitions. It includes 3
Champions and 3 Olympic medalists, 27 World Champions, 20 European
Champions, 21 World and European Cup winners, 19 European and World
Championship winners. Among the best are Olympic champions Alexei
Mishin, Olga Kaniskina, Valery Borchin, and Olympic medalist Denis
Nizhegorodov. At the youth and adult levels, the Mordovian sports school
has victories of Stanislav Emelyanov, Tatyana Shemyakina, Alexey
Bartsaykin, Vyacheslav Pakhomov, Alexey Yufkin and many others.
Among the athletes who moved to Mordovia from other regions of the
country are discus thrower Daria Pishchalnikova, track and field athlete
Yuri Borzakovsky, and shot putter Anna Avdeeva. Since August 2011, the
leading Perm figure skating coach, Lyudmila Kalinina, has been working
in Mordovia. Some of her students moved with her. Among them are
European Championship medalists and Olympic Games participants Vera
Bazarova and Yuri Larionov.
Athletes of Mordovia at the 2012
Olympics
At the 2012 Olympics in London, representatives of Mordovia
won five awards. In race walking, medals were won by students of the
Mordovian race walking school under the leadership of the Honored Coach
of Russia Viktor Chegin. “Gold” was won by Elena Lashmanova at a
distance of 20 km and Sergey Kirdyapkin at a distance of 50 km. “Silver”
goes to Olga Kaniskina. Two medals were won by the athletes of the
school of highest sportsmanship. Discus thrower Daria Pishchalnikova
opened the scoring for Mordovia with her “silver”, and runner Ekaterina
Poistogova finished it with “bronze”.
At the 2012 Paralympic
Games in London, Mordovian athlete Evgeny Shvetsov became a three-time
champion in the 100, 400 and 800 meters. At the same time, he set new
world records at all three distances.
The first newspaper on the territory of Mordovia was published in
1906, when the newspaper “Muzhik” began publishing in Saransk. Today,
about 100 print media outlets are registered in Mordovia; Branches of
major Russian newspapers operate.
The republic publishes 1 daily
newspaper - “Izvestia of Mordovia” (published on Tuesdays, Wednesdays
and Fridays) and the weekly newspapers “ProGorod”, “Stolitsa S”,
“Evening Saransk”, “Mordovia”, “Young Republic”, “Selskaya Gazeta”, “TV
Week”, “Telesem”, “Mokshen Pravda”, “Erzyan Pravda”, “Yuldash-Sputnik”.
22 regional newspapers are also published.
Printed publications
Newspapers
"Evening Saransk";
“Voice of Mordovian University”;
"From hand to hand";
"Izvestia of Mordovia";
“Moksha truth” - in
Moksha language;
"Young Republic";
"Capital C";
"Number six";
“Erzyan Mastor” - in Erzyan language;
“Erzyan truth” - in Erzyan
language;
"Rural newspaper"
“Yuldash” (“Sputnik”) - in the Tatar
language;
"Informagro" - industry newspaper;
"ZIL - Earth and
People"
Magazines
"Business world";
"Integration of
Education";
"Regionology";
A television
There are three
regional TV channels in the republic - the VGTRK Rossiya branch, the
private TV Network of Mordovia (channel 10) and the People's Television
of Mordovia (NTM). There are also 12 TVK “Saransk Television”, which is
a city channel.
In addition, in Saransk at the Mordovian State
University. N.P. Ogarev, there is Ogarev-TV, which broadcasts within the
university, as well as in the format of Internet television.
Internet publications
There are 3 regional news agencies in the
republic: “Vestnik of Mordovia” (http://vestnik-rm.ru),
“MordovMedia” (http://www.mordovmedia.ru)
and “Info-RM” (http://info-rm.com).
The Internet portal Website of government bodies of the Republic of
Mordovia (e-mordovia.ru) also operates in the format of an information
agency. Among the independent online publications in the region, we can
highlight the portal “City Ratings” (http://cityratings.ru/)
and the online newspaper “Zakonovest” (https://zakonovest.ru)
The basic law is the Constitution of the Republic of Mordovia.
In 1991, the post of president was established in Mordovia, like
some other former autonomous republics of the RSFSR (in the “wave” of
sovereignization).
In the popular elections that same year,
Vasily Guslyannikov, a physicist by training and a senior researcher at
the Institute of Power Electronics, who at that time headed the
republican branch of the Democratic Russia political movement, was
elected president.
In 1993, the Supreme Council of Mordovia
abolished the post of president, on the basis of which V. Guslyannikov
was removed from this post. Guslyannikov appealed the actions of the
highest legislative body of the republic to the Constitutional Court of
Russia, but the Constitutional Court recognized them as consistent with
the Constitution of Russia.
In September 1995, Nikolai
Merkushkin, who had held the post of Chairman of the State Assembly of
Mordovia since January 1995, was elected Head of the Republic of
Mordovia. N. Merkushkin won the elections of the head of the republic
also in 1998 and 2003. Despite the fact that Merkushkin’s third term was
expiring in 2008, he raised the issue of trust with the Russian
President, which was resolved in favor of the current head of Mordovia
and he remained for a fourth term.
On May 10, 2012, N.I.
Merkushkin left the post of Head of the Republic of Mordovia in
connection with his resignation and one-time appointment as acting
governor of the Samara region. Vladimir Volkov was appointed temporary
acting Head of the Republic of Mordovia. On May 14, 2012, the State
Assembly of the Republic of Mordovia approved Vladimir Volkov as Head of
the Republic of Mordovia. On November 18, 2020, Artyom Alekseevich
Zdunov was appointed acting head of the Republic of Mordovia.
The
Chairman of the Government of the Republic of Mordovia from 2012 to 2021
was Vladimir Sushkov. At the 53rd session of the State Assembly of the
Republic of Moldova, held on February 26, 2021, the resignation of the
government of the Republic of Mordovia was announced.
In the
Republic of Mordovia there are regional representations of the main
political parties: “United Russia”, Communist Party of the Russian
Federation, LDPR, “A Just Russia”, “Yabloko”, “Right Cause”. The
parliament of the republic - the State Assembly of the Republic of
Moldova - includes deputies from United Russia and the Communist Party
of the Russian Federation. However, other political forces have the
opportunity to work publicly, for example, in the Public Chamber of
Mordovia.
In 2016, positive dynamics were noted in all sectors of the economy,
including industry, agriculture, and construction. Investments in fixed
assets have increased, and interest in the republic from foreign
investors is increasing. The farmers of Mordovia achieved impressive
results - production growth in the industry amounted to 112 percent. For
the first time, processing industry enterprises have equaled the
production volumes of large-scale industry.
The volume of work in
the construction industry of the republic increased by 15 percent and
exceeded 27 billion rubles. This was largely facilitated by the
unprecedented program of preferential mortgages launched in Mordovia at
5 percent per annum. The program has proven its effectiveness, 2
thousand people have already taken advantage of the unique conditions,
thereby an additional 4 billion rubles have been invested in the
construction industry of the republic.
In 2016, the average
salary in the republic increased by 7 percent, and inflation was 5.5%.
Due to the active modernization of existing and the creation of new
modern production facilities, the republic has achieved results in
innovative development. Mordovia has become one of the leading regions
in the country in terms of the share of innovative products in the total
volume of industrial production, which today exceeds 28%. This is almost
twice the national average.
Positive dynamics are also observed
in the social sphere. From 2013 to 2016, the republic recorded a
migration increase in population. In 2016 it amounted to about 3
thousand people.
Transport routes connecting Moscow with the
Volga region, the Urals and Siberia pass through the republic. The
capital of Mordovia, the city of Saransk, became one of the cities that
hosted matches of the 2018 FIFA World Cup.
They grow grains
(59.3% of the sown area), feed crops (32.4%), potatoes and vegetables
(4.4%), and industrial crops (4%). There is meat and dairy cattle
breeding and poultry farming; They also raise pigs, sheep and goats.
At the end of 2011, Saransk was recognized as the winner for the
title of “The Most Comfortable Urban (Rural) Settlement in Russia” among
Category I cities. The competition commission assessed municipalities
according to 60 criteria, the main ones being improvement and
infrastructure development. Saransk has participated in the competition
since 2004, winning a II degree diploma 4 times and a III degree diploma
2 times.
In 2012, Saransk took second place in the World Bank's
Doing Business in Russia ranking. The results of the subnational study
by the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation (IFC) were
presented on June 21, 2012. The Doing business (investment
attractiveness) rating is one of the main ones used by investors when
making decisions about investing in the economy of a country or region.
The results of the study, containing a comparative analysis of the
regulation of business activities in 30 cities of Russia, showed that it
is easier to register a company, obtain construction permits, connect to
power grids and register ownership in the capital of Mordovia.
Alekseevskoe deposit of cement raw materials - used at the plants of
Mordovcement OJSC in the Chamza region.
Deposit of phosphorites, oil
shale and minor iron ores.
Atemar limestone deposit
The main industries of Mordovia are mechanical engineering and
metalworking. Also developed are iron foundries, chemical and
petrochemical industries, light and food industries. Energy is based on
the use of thermal power plants. According to 2016 data, the share of
innovative products in the total volume of shipped products amounted to
up to 30 percent. Leading industrial enterprises of Mordovia are among
the best enterprises in the Volga Federal District and Russia; they work
closely with foreign partners. There is a Saransk branch of the brewing
corporation "SAN InBev", a branch of the Danone-Unimilk group of
companies "Saransky Dairy Plant"
Enterprise "Lisma";
Saransk
plant "Rezinotekhnika";
Ruzaevsky glass factory;
Ruzaevsky
Chemical Engineering Plant;
Saransk dump truck plant of the GAZ
group;
Saransk Car Repair Plant;
Enterprise "Mordovcement";
Enterprise "Magma";
Enterprise "Lato";
Saranskkabel plant;
Enterprise "Electrovypryamitel";
Carriage Manufacturing Company of
Mordovia;
Saransk Instrument-Making Plant;
As of the beginning of 2020, 13 thermal power plants with a total
capacity of 433.5 MW were operating in Mordovia. In 2019, they produced
1,761.4 million kWh of electricity.
Agriculture
As of January
1, 2020, the rural population was 285,663 people, about 36% of the
population of the Republic of Mordovia.
According to natural and
climatic conditions, Mordovia belongs to the Middle Volga (7) region,
along with the Penza, Samara, Ulyanovsk regions and Tatarstan.
Agriculture is one of the main sectors of material production in the
republic.
Livestock
In terms of production of eggs, milk and
cattle meat per capita, the region ranks first in Russia.
In
January-December 2021 farms of all categories produced 390.9 thousand
tons of livestock and poultry for slaughter (in live weight), milk -
484.2 thousand tons, eggs - 1555.3 million pieces. Milk yield per cow in
agricultural organizations in 2021. amounted to 7610 kilograms (in 2020
- 7397 kilograms), the egg production of one laying hen was 294 eggs (in
2020 - 303 pieces).
As of July 1, 2021, the number of cattle in
farms of all categories amounted to 194 thousand heads (2.3% less
compared to the same date of the previous year), of which 72.2 were cows
(0.1% less) , number of pigs – 702.7 (33.2% more), sheep and goats –
36.8 (5.3% less).
In 2020, 473.1 thousand tons of milk were
produced (+4.4%).
In 2019, the average milk yield per cow was
7108 kg (+404 kg), the average egg production of laying hens was 313
pcs. 233.7 thousand tons of meat in live weight were produced (+5.2
thousand tons), eggs 1520.4 million pieces (+62.3 million)
(Mordoviastat)
CJSC "AgroArdatov" ("Talina");
Agrosoyuz LLC;
OJSC Poultry Farm Atemarskaya;
OJSC "Atyashevsky Butter Plant";
LLC Meat Processing Complex Atyashevsky (Talina);
LLC "Vector";
JSC "Yolochka";
OJSC "Cheese-making plant "Ichalkovsky"";
Municipal Unitary Enterprise "Krasnoslobodsky Butter Factory";
JSC
"Lamzur";
OJSC "Moloko";
LLC "Moloko";
LLC Agrofirm
Mordovzernoresurs;
JSC "Dream";
CJSC "Mordovian Bacon" ("Talina");
“Mordovian bacon-Kovylkino” (“Talina”);
OJSC "Mordovian Bread
Products Plant" ("Talina");
OJSC "Mordovian Agro-Industrial
Association";
JSC "Mordovspirt";
JSC "Nadezhda";
OJSC “Agrofirm
“Norov””;
State Unitary Enterprise RM “Meat processing plant
“Obrochensky””;
OJSC "Agrofirm "Oktyabrskaya""
Romodanovosugar
LLC;
OJSC "Sun Inbev";
OJSC Saransk Pasta Factory;
OJSC Saransk
Bread Factory;
OJSC "Saransky Cannery";
CJSC Meat Processing
Complex Saransky (Talina);
OJSC Saransky Dairy Plant (branch of
Danone-Unimilk);
Agro-industrial holding "Talina";
LLC "Agrofirma
Temnikovskaya";
CJSC "Tengushevskoye";
State Unitary Enterprise RM
“Teplichnoe”;
CJSC Meat Processing Complex Torbeevsky (Talina);
OJSC "Bread Factory";
OJSC APO "Elecom";
LLC "Bakhet";
LLC
"Agrofirm "Yubileinaya"";
LLC "Cheese plant "Sarmich"";
JSC
"Ruzovo"
In 2020, in farms of all categories, the gross grain harvest (in weight after processing) amounted to 1621.8 thousand tons, which is 32.2% more than in 2019. The gross harvest of open and protected ground vegetables increased by 2.0%, potatoes decreased by 15.3%. In the composition of grain and leguminous crops in farms of all categories in 2020. compared to 2019 There is a decrease in the gross harvest of barley with an increase in the production of wheat, rye, triticale, oats, corn for grain and leguminous crops.
As of the beginning of 2020, 13 thermal power plants (including the largest in the region Saranskaya CHPP-2 with 280 MW) and one small hydroelectric power station with a total capacity of 433.8 MW were operating in Mordovia. In 2019, they produced 1,761.4 million kWh of electricity.
“Historical” direction of the Trans-Siberian Railway, large
locomotive depot and wagon depot Ruzaevka, wagon depot Saransk, wagon
depot Red Knot
Double-track electrified direct current line Red Knot
- Saransk - Ruzaevka - Penza
Ruzaevka station is a major junction
of the Kuibyshev Railway, receiving trains in the eastern direction. In
fact, today Ruzaevka is becoming part of a single agglomeration with
Saransk. The journey from Ruzaevka railway station to the center of
Saransk takes 15-20 minutes.
Single-track non-electrified lines
Red Knot - Kanash, Red Knot - Arzamas and Kustarevka - Vernadovka
Saransk Airport
A section of the M5 Ural federal highway with access
to the city of Saransk.
Federal highways P178 Saransk - Surskoye -
Ulyanovsk, P158 Nizhny Novgorod - Arzamas - Saransk - Issa - Penza -
Saratov
Oil product pipeline Penza - Saransk
A network of main gas
pipelines, including the largest Urengoy - Pomary - Uzhgorod, compressor
stations in the villages of Barashevo and Yavas, and the town of
Torbeevo
Sections of the long-haul power transmission line Moscow -
Zhigulevskaya HPP and the main Penza - Arzamas
Regional and
intermunicipal roads.