New Hampshire is a state of the United States in the New England
region. It borders the state of Vermont to the west,
Maine to
the east, Massachusetts to the south and the Canadian province
of Québec to the north. With an area of 24,216 km², the state
has around 1.3 million inhabitants. The majority of the
population lives in the south of the state, the north is
characterized by low mountain ranges. The capital is Concord
with almost 43,000 inhabitants, but the largest city is
Manchester with 110,000.
The first traces of human
settlement go back over 10,000 years. The vast majority of the
population is of European descent, with Native Americans only a
few remaining since the 1740s. From the 1630s, contacts with
Europeans led to severe population losses among the natives,
mainly due to smallpox epidemics, and finally battles with the
Iroquois and the English drove the survivors to Maine and
Canada.
England had been a colonial power since 1629, and
the colony was named after English Hampshire. According to the
principles of English feudalism, land was allocated and settlers
appointed. In the years from 1641 to 1679 New Hampshire belonged
to Massachusetts, was then directly under the king for two
decades and came back to Massachusetts from 1691 to 1741, whose
governors were responsible for the northern neighbor.
In
1776, New Hampshire became the first colony to establish a
government, adopt a constitution, and become independent with
the newly formed United States. In 1808 Concord became its
capital. An independent republic existed on the Canadian border
from 1832 to 1835; Great Britain only gave up its claims in
1836. The state benefited economically from industrialization
and the civil war, but major branches of industry collapsed with
the global economic crisis. Only the connection to the Boston
economic area brought new branches of industry, especially to
the south of New Hampshire.
The state is also called The
Granite State because of its quarries. At the same time, the
nickname also reflects the preservation of traditions and the
history of a frugal government. There are no general sales or
income taxes, which corresponds to the state motto "Live free or
die".
1 Ashlands
2 Concord - Capital. The town was originally called
Rumford and later Penacook.
3 Glens
4 Manchester
5 Meredith
6
Nashua
7 Portsmouth
8 Tilton
9 Berlin
10 Hanover
11 Keene
America's Stonehenge arguable the most mysterious places in USA that is still in the middle of the debates on the age of the construction.
White Mountain National Forest is a picturesque range of mountains covered by beautiful virgin forests. Besides the land is full of stories of haunting and ghosts of former inhabitants of this land.
Mount Washington State Park. The mountain was called Agiocochook,
"the home of the Great Spirit," by the Indians.
Mount Monadnock. a
965 m high inselberg in the south of the state. It is a designated
national natural landmark and is the second most climbed mountain in the
world after Mount Fuji in Japan.
Waterville Valley — A resort town in
the White Mountains.
Manchester has been revitalized as a historic mill town.
The White
Mountains offer beautiful nature, hiking, and skiing.
Dartmouth
College is an Ivy League school in Hanover with a beautiful campus. The
Hopkins Center features many acclaimed performers. Local interest in
culture is low, so seats at the Hopkins Center are easy to come by.
Visit a small town outside the "Golden Triangle" (the area from Salem to
Nashua to Manchester) and check out the atmosphere.
At 6,288 feet
(1,917 m), Mount Washington is the largest mountain in the Northeast and
the site of record wind speeds of 231 mph (372 km/h). Mt. Washington is
home to Tuckerman's Ravine, a popular difficult ski area accessible only
by foot that offers a great experience for hikers.
Lake Winnipesaukee
Portsmouth is a historic seaside town and the birthplace of
Revolutionary War naval hero John Paul Jones.
American Classic Arcade
Museum Located in the Fun Spot Family Entertainment Center (or simply
Fun Spot), ACAM is recognized by Guinness World Records as the "World's
Largest Arcade." The museum has approximately 180 playable games and
over 100 more in storage; it has also been called the "Louvre of the
8-bit world.
On Monday, April 8, 2024, a total solar eclipse will
cross the northern tip of the state at approximately 3:30 p.m. local
time. There is barely a 20% chance of clear skies. The course of the
total solar eclipse will be from Mexico and Texas northeast across Ohio,
across the Canada-New England border, and across Maine, New Brunswick,
and Newfoundland.
The residents of the state are proud of the nature around them, and they also take care that their environment is not harmed by careless tourists. However, since tourism is the main industry in New Hampshire, tourists are generally valued. Planning is a must when planning a hike in the White Mountains, as volunteer rescue teams don't appreciate being called in the middle of the night to find lost tourists
By Airplane
Manchester - Boston Regional Airport, Brown Av. Route
101 exit 2, Manchester, +1 603 624-6556, provides convenient access to
Manchester city and southern New Hampshire. Sometimes used as a
low-cost, hassle-free alternative to Boston's Logan International
Airport.
By bus
Greyhound, +1-800-231-2222; service from
Montreal, Boston, Vermont, and Maine.
Concord Trailways,
+1-800-639-3317; operates from Boston.
By Train
Train access
to New Hampshire is limited; there are no trains to major cities. There
are at least two Amtrak routes across New Hampshire:
The Downeaster
serves the oceanfront region, passing from Boston North Station to
Portland, Maine. Note that if you are using the NE Corridor from south
of Boston, the train terminates at Boston South Station and you must
take a T or cab to North Station. Alternatively, buses (see above) leave
directly from South Station.
Vermonters primarily serve eastern
Vermont and also serve Claremont, but also Bellows Falls (across from
Walpole), White River Junction (across from Hanover and Lebanon), and
Brattleboro (across from Hinsdale) across the Connecticut River. There
are also stops across the river in New Hampshire.
New Hampshire consistently ranks among the safest states in the nation. Crime is usually not a problem, but be careful when driving. Be especially careful if you are not used to winter driving. Moose can be an occasional hazard in the White Mountains and on roads north of the area. Hikers may encounter bears, and weather conditions can change rapidly, especially at higher elevations, such as in the Presidential Mountains. The area around Mt. Washington is known to have some of the worst weather in the country. Plan ahead when hiking.
New Hampshire's LGBT community is relatively unknown compared to other New England states, but according to the U.S. Census, New Hampshire has one of the highest concentrations of gay and lesbian residents of any U.S. state. While the urbanized south has gay-friendly institutions, the heavily forested north still has a pronounced homophobic streak. Overall, New Hampshire is less LGBT-friendly than its neighboring states.
New Hampshire is part of the New England region. It is bordered by
Canada to the north, Maine to the northeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to
the east. It borders the state of Massachusetts to the south and Vermont
to the west.
New Hampshire is part of the so-called Great North
Woods, along with New York, Maine, Vermont and Quebec, the White
Mountains, the Great Lakes, the coast, the Merrimack Valley, the
Monadnock region.
New Hampshire was home to the rock formation
known as the Old Man of the Mountain, a face-shaped rock located in
Franconia Notch, until in May 2003 the formation collapsed and
collapsed, tumbling down the hillside, disappearing from view. This
forms one of the icons of the state.
The White Mountains mountain
range runs from north to center across the state, with its highest point
being Mount Washington, which is also the highest point in the
northeastern United States. The mountain range has numerous minor peaks,
including Mount Madison (New Hampshire) and Mount Adams. The winds that
are recorded in this area are hurricane force three out of every hundred
times. At the top there is a meteorological observatory for observing
these climatic conditions.
In the southwest corner, in the
flattest area of New Hampshire, another geographic feature is the
prominent landmark and tourist attraction called Mount Monadnock, which
has given its name to a general class of land known as monadnock
meaning, in geomorphology, any Isolated rugged peak rising from a less
resilient eroded plain.
The Appalachian National Scenic Trail
crosses New Hampshire located in the town of Cornish.
Major
rivers include the 177-kilometre Merrimack River, which cuts the lower
half of the state north-south and ends from above to Newburyport,
Massachusetts. Its main tributaries are the Contoocook River,
Pemigewasset River, and the Winnipesaukee River. The 400-mile
Connecticut River, which rises in the Connecticut Lakes of New Hampshire
and empties into the sea in the south in the state of Connecticut,
defines the western border with Vermont. Strangely, the state border is
not in the center of that river, as is usually the case in these types
of cases, but is located in an underwater mark on the river bank in
Vermont so the river belongs completely to the state of New Hampshire.
The Connecticut River also defines the Canadian border with New
Hampshire.
The Piscataqua River and most of its tributaries
define the southern border with the state of Maine with the port of
Portsmouth. The Salmon Falls and Piscataqua Rivers define the southern
part of the Maine border. This state is currently in dispute with its
neighbor Maine over the sovereignty of an area located within Portsmouth
Harbor, which is made up of the Seavey Islands, including the Portsmouth
Naval Shipyard as well as the cities of Kittery and Berwick.
The
largest lakes are Lake Winnipesaukee, with an area of 186 km² (72 sq mi)
in east-central New Hampshire.
Hampton Beach is the most popular
destination for summer vacations. Located 16 kilometers (10 miles) from
the coast are the Shoals Islands, nine small islands, of which only four
belong to this state, which is known for having formed an art colony
founded in the 19th century by the poetess Celia Thaxter, as well as the
supposed location of one of the buried treasures of the pirate Edward
Teach, better known as Blackbeard.
This state is the second most
forested state in the entire country behind Maine in terms of percentage
of land covered in forests. This fact is a consequence of the
abandonment of farms that occurred in the 20th century by farmers who
moved to cities and industrial areas in search of work. These abandoned
lands were covered with forest mass with the consequent recovery of
forests. This return of the forests has been captured in various poems
written by Robert Frost. The northern third of the state is called
"north of the notches" in reference to the abundant gorges of White
Mountain or as "the north country." Less than 5% of the state's
population lives in this area; this population suffers from relatively
higher poverty rates than the rest of the state. This fact is a
consequence of the population decline and the decline of the paper
industry in the area. However, the tourism industry is growing. Tourist
visits are increasing, especially so-called white tourism. This tourism
reaches the northern region during the winter season to enjoy the ski
slopes. This new industry is alleviating the economic effects of paper
mill closures.
Paleo indians
During the ice ages, the last of which is known as
the Wisconsin Glaciation, hardly any people could live in New Hampshire.
The area was continuous only from the 8th millennium BC. BC inhabited,
but the first people came about three millennia earlier.
A
systematic archaeological investigation of the national territory does
not exist. Half of the 16 Paleo-Indian sites (as of 2012) were
discovered by accident, the rest due to investigations prior to
construction, and only one (Thorne) was discovered as a result of a
targeted search for corresponding sites. There are also 8 other
well-documented artefacts from this earliest era of Indian settlement.
Exploration of Paleo-Indians in New Hampshire only accelerated in 1995
with the discovery of several encampments on the Israel River. Until
then, the Whipple site above the Ashuelot River, discovered in the
mid-1970s, was the only well-documented site, but it was severely
damaged by souvenir hunters. It has been suggested that 10,000 to 11,000
radiocarbon years ago, caribou and beaver hunters inhabited the region.
They left a larger camp on the Israel River, which was probably used by
several family groups, a quarrying and stone processing site (another
was found at Colebrook), and several temporary camps. A small rhyolite
quarry was also found at Tamworth. Discovered in 2003, the Potter Site
at Randolph covers 8 acres and contains at least eight high density
sections. Intensive wood processing took place on at least two. The
site, which was used for a long time, contained two types of projectile
tips, namely the Michaud/Neponset (Middle Paleo-Indian, sometimes very
long tips) and the Bull Brooke/West Athens Hill type, most common in New
Hampshire; fluted points, used to fix the shaft, were found in Auburn in
the Kings Road/Whipple style. The hand axes, some of which have been
known for a long time, were also re-examined. Sites are occasionally
over an acre (Potter, Jefferson III), but the smallest is just 25 square
meters. This is the Colebrook site where 3,200 tees were found. This is
probably where a group of hunters prepared their weapons for an upcoming
hunt. In doing so, archeology says goodbye to the widespread notion that
the Paleo-Indians, in contrast to the Archaic Indians, lived mainly from
the megafauna. The only thing that is clear is that with the
disappearance of mammoths and mastodon in particular, a specialization
on smaller animals that occur in large herds, on caribou and bison,
began.
The rhyolite from Mount Jasper in Berlin is related to
finds in Massachusetts (Neponset site) and Maine. So far, no
slaughterhouses (“kill sites”), graves or ritual sites have been
discovered, only large camps and small hunting camps, as well as stone
quarrying and processing sites. The most significant stone quarrying
site is Mount Jasper, which is listed on the National Register of
Historic Places. While the rhyolite on the Israel River is similar to
that on Mount Jasper, it is not from the mountain but from an unknown
source. On the other hand, the Stone's Throw artifacts come from Mount
Jasper. Of similar importance in providing the base material was the
neighboring north slope of the Ossipee Mountains at Tamworth. There was
a rock known as Ossipee hornfels containing large amounts of flint -
found alongside the rhyolite from Mt. Jasper in Stone's Throw, but of
the post-Paleo-Indian Archaic period. Rough hand axes made from this
material, which is more like an andesite, a volcanic rock, were found
about 15 km to the south-east at the Thornton site. Something similar
was found 60 km north at the Porter site.
The Whipple site is
considered one of the most important sites in the Northeastern United
States and also provided radiocarbon data. As in the case of the Porter
site and Jefferson II on the Israel River, it was a "base camp" that was
used repeatedly over a long period of time. These camps were preferably
established at the edge of wetlands near lakes, especially dead lakes.
Finds from the Archaic period, mainly tool remains made of quartz,
could be dated to around 9000 BP. Archaeological excavations have shown
the mining of rock types that were used for tools and weapons. North of
Lake Winnipesaukee, hornfels deposits were mined as early as the Late
Archaic period. One of the reasons for the early use of the lake, along
with the hornfels, was a deposit of rhyolite, a rock used to make tools
in workshops found at Belmont (NH 31-20-5). Various preforms, so-called
cores for scrapers, scrapers, drills and blades were made in two
workshop centers, which were mainly used between 6000 and 5000 BC.
arose. A total of around 30,000 artifacts were found. Skins and wood
were also processed there, so that these were probably permanently
inhabited villages. In 1999, similar workshops were discovered at Silver
Lake. These workshops provided the surrounding area with finished tools,
such as the Merrimack Valley.
Another important site, a rescue
dig site located on the west shore of Lake Winnipesaukee, is in the
Lochmere Archaeological District. The Lodge Site (NH31-6-6) spans the
Middle Archaic Period and extends into the Late Woodland Period. In
addition to tools, 145 potsherds were found from the younger woodland
period, which is characterized by land cultivation and the manufacture
of clay vessels.
The western Abenaki
lived in what is now New Hampshire and Vermont and adjacent areas of the
New France colony in the early 17th century. They lived in the Valley of
Lake Champlain, the Green Mountains, the Valley of the Connecticut, and
the White Mountains whose adjacent highlands bisect the valleys of Lake
Winnipesaukee and the Merrimac River to the south.
Abundant
rainfall, very cold and long winters made cultivation of the soil, such
as the cultivation of pumpkins, difficult. Hunting and fishing were
therefore the main sources of food. Maple trees provided syrup and
sugar, and the lake provided fish. The men set up traps, traps, fishing
rods and nets. Field work and gardening were women's work, apart from
tobacco. The women gathered wild berries, especially blueberries. In the
mixed forest area, rich in game, hemlock and white pine grew in addition
to deciduous trees, on the mountains and mountain slopes mainly northern
deciduous trees and red fir, in the swamp areas balsam spruce, black
spruce, larch and white cedar. As for large mammals, the Abenaki hunted
elk, deer, and black bear, but also rabbits, weasels, squirrels, and
birds; they also hunted beaver, muskrat, otter, mink, fisher marten,
raccoon, fox and skunk for the fur trade, hunting in winter and with
snowshoes and sleds. They were not in competition with wolves and
bobcats.
The Penacook, living further south between Concord and
Manchester, enjoyed a milder climate. They grew corn, beans and squash.
They were the first to come into contact with the European colonists. At
this early stage of European settlement, the Penacook were part of a
large confederacy that was named after them. It served to repel the
Mi'kmaq to the north and the Mohawk to the west. Their center was around
Concord, where they built three forts around 1600, but they could not
stop the Mohawk. They fell victim to a significant proportion of the
tribe, so that some authors spoke of the "annihilation" (destruction) of
the tribe. The 1617 epidemic, which swept from the Saco River to Cape
Cod, struck every tribe along the coast. Whether they have already
reached the Concord area can only be assumed. At least 17 Penacook
village groups are known, but a myriad of assumptions and contradictions
appear in the literature. Cook (p. 16) assumes that at least 2500
Penacook lived on the Merrimac around 1600. On Lake Winnepesaukee, which
was named after the tribe of the same name, there were nine villages,
seven of them in the southwest, probably with at least 1500 inhabitants.
Probably around Newbury was perhaps the only large Coosuck village in
the sparsely populated north.
A smallpox epidemic struck the
tribes of New England in 1633 and 1634. It spread north to the Abenaki
and St. Lawrence tribes, and finally to the Iroquois. Around 1637, the
Abenaki received their first guns from English traders, who in 1638
established a trading post on the Merrimack River with the Pennacook. In
1642 the western Abenaki allied with the Mahican and their former
enemies, the Mohawk, against the Montagnais or Innu of the north. While
Jesuits managed to secure peace between eastern Abenaki and Innu,
conflicts arose with the Mohawks to the west. The Pocumtuc left the
Connecticut Valley in Massachusetts and headed north, leaving only
Missisquoi and Cowasuck in Vermont as the last major Western Abenaki
villages. In 1668 the Mohawk drove the Pennacook through New Hampshire
into southern Maine.
First English settlements
In 1629, the Council for New England, or
King Charles I of England, granted lands in the New World to Captain
John Mason and Sir Ferdinando Gorges. The colony was named New Hampshire
after English Hampshire, which in turn derived its name from Southampton
or Hampton.
The first settlement arose at Odiorne's Point near
present-day Portsmouth, where Odiorne Point State Park now stretches. A
group of fishermen worked under the leadership of David Thompson, also
known as Thomson. Thompson's father worked for Sir Ferdinando Gorges of
Plymouth, who had been granted the right by King James I to establish
plantations near Jamestown and Plymouth in 1623. Thompson's settlers
built a fort, manor house and some cottages on Flake Hill in 1623, three
days after the Pilgrims landed in Plymouth. The settlement was named
Pannaway Plantation.
David Thompson had been sent by Mason,
followed a few years later by Edward and William Hilton. Their
expedition reached Dover, which they named Northam. Mason, who died in
1635, never saw his colony. Settlers from Pannaway later moved to the
Portsmouth area, where they encountered the Laconia Company's
expedition, founded in 1629, under Captain Neal. They named their
settlement Strawbery Banke. In 1638 Exeter was founded by John
Wheelwright.
As early as 1631, Captain Thomas Wiggin was
appointed first governor of the Upper Plantation, which included Dover,
Durham and Stratham.
Annexation to Massachusetts (1641–1679)
Although the small colonies agreed to unify in 1639, Massachusetts made
claims to the territory. In 1641 the colony came under his jurisdiction,
but Boston left them a certain degree of self-government (home rule). In
1653, Strawbery Banke petitioned the Massachusetts General Court to
change his name to Portsmouth.
Royal Province (1679–1691), part
of Massachusetts (1691–1741)
In 1679 Charles II separated New
Hampshire from Massachusetts and made the former a royal province of New
Hampshire. John Cutt became the first governor. New Hampshire belonged
to the Dominion of New England from 1686, which dissolved again in 1689.
After a brief period of governmentlessness, with Massachusetts in charge
of foreign affairs, "William and Mary," meaning the rulers William of
Orange and Mary II, issued a new charter in 1691. From 1699 to 1741 the
governors of Massachusetts were also responsible for New Hampshire.
The alliance between the English and the Iroquois had forced the
Abenaki to side with the French and their allies. When Chief Metacomet,
or "King Philip," attacked the English colonies in 1675, most of the
Abenaki remained neutral, but at least the southern groups, who were
hardest hit by English settlement pressure and land grabs, supported
him. The English responded with a punitive expedition, and even
Penobscot and Kennebec, living further north, were drawn into the war,
which degenerated into a massacre. After 1676 there were only about
4,000 Indians left in southern New England, and the number of adult
males in the Merrimack area had fallen from several thousand to about
300. Many Abenaki had fled to French territory. The battles between
France and England were so ruthless that by 1695 the entire border area
was depopulated. A peace agreement was not reached until 1727.
By
1680 the Pemigewasset population had been decimated by smallpox.
Survivors settled at Plymouth. One of their most important camps was at
Profile Falls on the Smith River, another on the old Bristol-Hill
highway. At Bristol, the Pemigewasset and Pass aqua-nik trails met the
Mascoma trail, which followed the Smith River. The Kancamagus Trail met
the Pemigewasset Trail at Woodstock, and the Asquamchumaukee Trail met
it where their ancient village had stood at the mouth of the Baker
River, just above Plymouth.
In 1696 the few remaining families on
Lake Winnipesaukee left their village of Aquadoctan, accompanied by two
young English prisoners. They joined the Pequaket tribe on the Saco
River near present-day Fryeburg (in Oxford County, Maine). By 1740 the
province was virtually depopulated of all indigenous groups.
In
the 1730s Lieutenant Governor John Wentworth was able to plead boundary
disputes in London, while Massachusetts Governor Jonathan Belcher
continued to issue land to settlers in the disputed areas. In 1741, King
George II laid down the current border and also separated the
governorship. Benning Wentworth became the first non-Massachusetts
governor of New Hampshire since Edward Cranfield. For his part,
Wentworth granted land further west, which also claimed the province of
New York. In 1777, Vermont declared itself an independent republic
(still known as "New Connecticut" for the first six months, then as
"Vermont" from July), and Vermont's first constitution was adopted and
ratified.
New Hampshire was one of the Thirteen Colonies that rose up against British colonial rule. In January 1776, New Hampshire was the first colony to establish a government and adopt a constitution, but unlike Rhode Island, which was the first to declare independence, New Hampshire was not about to shake off London's rule. The attack on what is now Fort Constitution (then Fort William and Mary) provided ammunition for the Battle of Bunker Hill, which took place just north of Boston. New Hampshire provided three regiments for the Continental Army. The New Hampshire Militia also fought at Bunker Hill, at Bennington, in the Saratoga Campaign, and the Battle of Rhode Island. In 1788, New Hampshire was admitted to the United States as one of the 13 founding states.
In 1808 Concord became the state capital.
Boundary disputes,
abolition of slaves, land dispute (1815–1860)
In the 1830s the
border issue with Canada, which remained British, had still not been
settled. Thus, from 1832 to 1835, the Republic of Indian Stream was
formed on the border. The New Hampshire Militia occupied the area in
1835, but Britain did not relinquish its claims until January 1836. Only
the Webster-Ashburton-Treaty regulated the border in 1842 and assigned
the area to New Hampshire.
Abolitionists, pro-slavery advocates
from Dartmouth College championed black education, founding Noyes
Academy in Canaan in 1835, equally accessible to whites and blacks;
however, after a few months, local opponents removed the school building
with oxen before setting it ablaze.
Although the abolitionist
Free Soil Party led by John P. Hale had many supporters, Jackson's
Democratic supporters remained in the majority. They were run by editor
Isaac Hill, who believed their land distribution plans served only their
own interests. In 1856 the Free Soil Party merged with the Republican
Party.
New Hampshire contributed 18 regiments of infantry to the Civil War,
plus two regiments of cavalry, three companies of artillery, and three
companies of sharpshooters. Of the 5th Infantry Division's 1,051 men
mustered in October 1861, only 477 returned.
Industrialization,
world economic crisis, Second World War, post-war period
Southern
textile competition was troubling New Hampshire. In 1935 the Amoskeag
Manufacturing Company in Manchester was closed. 1949 followed the Nashua
Manufacturing Company in Nashua and the bankruptcy of the paper mill of
the Brown Company in Berlin. Improvements in infrastructure, especially
road construction at this time, led to a stronger connection to Boston's
industrial region. The supplier for weapons electronics Sanders
Associates settled in the south of the state in 1952; Digital Equipment
Corporation followed in the early 1970s.
The Bretton Woods Conference, or officially the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference (eng. The United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference) is an international conference held in July 1944 in New Hampshire, Bretton Woods, Mount Washington Hotel ".
In 2005, New Hampshire has an estimated population of 1,309,940,
which increased by 10,771 people, or 0.8%, from the previous year and an
increase of 74,154 people, or 6.0%, since 2000. This includes a natural
increase since the last census of 23,872 people (that is 75,060 births
compared to 51,188 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of
51,968 people in the state. Immigration outside the United States
resulted in a net increase of 11,107 people, and migration within the
country resulted in a net increase of 40,861 people.
Currently
the state of New Hampshire has a population of 1,314,895 people, of
which:
93.6% are white (European or of European descent).
2.3% are
Latino or Hispanic (among whom Mexicans predominate).
2.0% are Asian.
1.1% are black.
The rest are made up of people of other ethnicities.
The population center of New Hampshire is located in Merrimack County in
the town of Pembroke.
Richard and Maurice McDonald, brothers who founded the McDonald's
fast food chain in 1940.
Triple H, professional wrestler and director
of operations of the WWE wrestling company since 2011, born July 27,
1969.
Ronnie James Dio, Heavy Metal singer known for having been
vocalist of the bands Dio, Rainbow and Black Sabbath.
Toby Fox,
composer and video game developer known primarily for being the creator
of the video games Undertale and Deltarune.
GG Allin, punk musician
and singer-songwriter remembered mainly for his controversial and
extreme performances.
The metropolitan areas in the New England area
are defined by the United States Census Bureau and are called NECTAs
("New England City and Town Area").5 The list of these areas belonging
to the state of New Hampshire are:
Small metropolitan areas
Berlin, NH.
Claremont, NH.
Concord, NH.
Franklin, NH.
Keene,
NH.
Laconia, NH.
Lebanon, NH-VT.
Large metropolitan areas
Manchester, NH.
Nashua, NH This area is part of the Boston
metropolitan area.
Portsmouth, NH-ME.
Rochester-Dover, NH-ME.
In 2004, the population included 64,000 foreigners (4.9%).
Ethnic groups
The major ethnic groups in New Hampshire are:
26.6%
French or French-Canadians
21.1% Irish
20.1% English
10.3%
Germans
10.4% Italians
7.8% Scottish
Most Irish, Canadians
and Italians are descendants of early factory workers who lived in
working-class cities like Manchester. New Hampshire now has the highest
percentage of residents with French-Canadian ancestry in the entire
country. The greatest population growth was centered on the southern
border, which includes the area of influence of Boston and other cities
in the state of Massachusetts.
According to the 2000 census,
3.41% of the population over five years of age speaks French at home
while 1.60% speak Spanish.
The religious affiliations of New Hampshire residents are:
Religion 2018
Christians – 59%
Protestants – 33%
Catholics –
26%
Other religions – 5%
No religion – 36%
Official language:
American English
Semi-official:
Cajun
French
Abenaki language
Unofficial:
Spanish language in the
United States
The Bureau of Economic Analysis estimates that the state of New
Hampshire's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2003 was $49 billion. Per
capita personal income rose to $37,835 in 2005, sixth in the nation and
one hundred and ten percent of the national average of $34,495. Its
agricultural exports are dairy products, livestock, eggs and apples. Its
industrial exports are machinery, electrical equipment, rubber, plastic
products and tourism.
New Hampshire has experienced a significant
change in its economic base over the last century. Historically the
basis of the New England economy was the textile industries, shoe
factories and small machine shops for farms, which represented a
low-wage economy. Today, these sectors contribute very little to the
state economy, thus the textile industry contributes 2%, 2% for leather
products, and 9% for machinery. This base economy experienced a sudden
correction due to the aging of the factories that left them obsolete and
the low prices applied by the southern states to their textile products
thanks to their cheap labor.
The state does not generally impose
any sales tax or personal taxes (income tax) but rather the state levies
a 5 percent tax on income earned from interest and dividends. This
policy of tax benefits has attracted entrepreneurs and companies from
other states, especially light industry, horticulture, retail sales and
service companies. The entry of companies from other neighboring states
has been high, as in the case of the states of Massachusetts, Maine and
Vermont and, to a lesser extent, New York. Efforts are being made to
diversify the economy.
The governor of New Hampshire is Chris Sununu (Republican). The two
senators from New Hampshire are Maggie Hassan and Jeanne Shaheen, both
Democrats.
The executive power of the state is in the hands of
two institutions, the governor and the five-member New Hampshire State
Executive Council. The executive council votes on state contracts worth
around $5,000 and advises and consents to the governor's appointments to
top positions, such as department heads and all judges, as well as
requests for clemency. New Hampshire lacks the administrative position
of lieutenant governor; The president of the Senate assumes the
executive direction of the state in cases where the governor is unable
to perform the duties of his office.
The New Hampshire General
Court is a bicameral legislative court, consisting of the House of
Representatives and the Senate. The House of Representatives is the
fourth largest house in the English-speaking world with four hundred
members, behind only the United States House, the United Kingdom House
of Commons and the Indian Parliament. This probably happens this way
because the seat fee is one hundred dollars plus travel and many of the
members are retired. An examination published by the Associated Press in
2005 found that about half of the members of the House of
Representatives are retired, with an average age close to sixty years
old. The general court is located in the New Hampshire State House .
The sole court of appeal is the New Hampshire Supreme Court. The
Superior Court is the court of general jurisdiction and the only court
that provides for jury trials in common civil law or criminal law cases.
The state's other courts are the Probate Court, New Hampshire District
Court, and Family Division.
The New Hampshire Constitution is the
supreme law of the state, followed by amendments. The state constitution
is the only national constitution that recognizes the right of
revolution, and one of the few that does not expressly indicate the
mandatory nature of a public school system.
New Hampshire is also
the only state that does not have a mandatory seat belt law for adults,
and there is also no law requiring helmets on motorcycles for adults,
nor mandatory automobile insurance.
This state is a "Dillon Rule"
state, meaning that the unspecified powers of the municipalities are
managed by the state government. Even so, there is strong sentiment
within the state legislature favoring local control, particularly with
respect to land use regulations. Local governments in New Hampshire are
traditionally run by city councils in which all residents meet, often
for a political or administrative purpose, but in 1995, municipalities
were given permission to use an official vote to resolve local election
and budget questions, compared to the town meeting which was a more open
and more public form.
New Hampshire is a state that participates
within the group of states with alcoholic beverage control, and through
the state liquor commission that collects 100 million dollars from the
sale and distribution of liquor. The state leads the sale of all types
of alcohol per capita of the country.
New Hampshire within the world of politics is known for the New
Hampshire primary, the first primary in the American presidential race.
The primaries receive much more attention than the rest of the other
primaries in other states and are usually the benchmark for their
development, greatly marking the presidential race within the political
parties.
Critics in other states have repeatedly tried,
unsuccessfully, to reduce the outsized influence of the primaries. In
Dixville Notch, Coos County, and Hart's Location, Carrol County, the few
residents of these dozen small towns vote at midnight on primary day.
According to the law, if all registered voters have exercised their
right to vote, the polling station can be closed and the results of the
vote count can be made public. These cities are traditionally the first
cities in New Hampshire and therefore in the entire United States to
vote in primaries and presidential elections.
New Hampshire has
historically been dominated by the Republican Party (some sources
actually trace the founding of the Republican Party to the city of
Exeter in 1853) and is considered the most conservative state in the
Northeast. The state supported candidate Bill Clinton in 1992 and 1996,
but before him, Republican Party candidates—Woodrow Wilson, Franklin D.
Roosevelt and Lyndon B. Johnson—had lost only three other times.
In recent years, however, in national and local elections it has become
a swing state. This made it the only state that gave its vote to George
W. Bush in the 2000 presidential elections and in the 2004 elections it
gave its votes to the Democratic party.
Thus New Hampshire gave
its four electoral votes to John Kerry in 2004 with 50.2% of the vote.
The change in political trend has been consolidated in the 2006
elections, in which the two votes for Congress were won by the two
Democratic candidates, Charlie Bass was defeated by Paul Hodes, and Jeb
Bradley was defeated by Carol Shea. Porter); Democratic Governor John
Lynch was re-elected in a historic vote as he reached 74% of the votes;
The Democrats in turn also won in the vote for the Executive Council so
they won a majority of members on the council. This has resulted in the
two executive branches of the state, the governor and the executive
council, being governed by Democrats, a fact that has not happened since
1911.
Republicans, however, won both seats in the 2006 United
States Senate elections. Before the 2006 elections, it was the only
state in all of New England in which Republicans held a majority in
both. Houses of Representatives, Congress and Senate.
The New
Hampshire state legislature is the largest of any in the United States,
with four hundred elected members, and has the fewest inhabitants per
representative with an approximate average of 3,200 citizens for each
one.
New Hampshire is known for the freedom of individual values,
such as the political tradition of promoting the values of individual
freedom and limited state power. In fact, the free state project, which
is a project to create a large community with those libertarian values,
was chosen in a vote that was held in New Hampshire and in turn they
chose New Hampshire as the place to carry out the project.
Secondary education
New Hampshire has more than 150 public high
schools, many of which serve students from various towns. The largest is
Pinkerton Academy in Derry, which is owned by a private, non-profit
organization but serves as a public school for neighboring towns. In
March 2007, Governor John Lynch and legislators proposed a
constitutional amendment that would require the state to provide at
least 50% of the cost of an adequate education.
New Hampshire has
many private schools, including:
Bishop Brady High School, Concord
Bishop Guertin High School, Nashua
Brewster Academy, Wolfeboro
Cardigan Mountain School, Canaan
Derryfield School, Manchester
Dublin School, Dublin
High Mowing School, Wilton
Holderness
School, Holderness
Holy Family Academy, Manchester
Kimball Union
Academy, Meriden
New Hampton School, New Hampton
Phillips Exeter
Academy, Exeter
Proctor Academy, Andover
Sant Bani School,
Sanbornton
St. Paul's School, Concord
St. Thomas Aquinas High
School, Dover
Tilton School, Tilton
Trinity High School,
Manchester
White Mountain School, Bethlehem
Antioch University of New England
Chester College of New England
Colby-Sawyer School
Granite State School
Daniel Webster School
Dartmouth College
Franklin Pierce School
Franklin Pierce Legal
Studies Center
Hesser School
Lebanon School
McIntosh School
New England School
New Hampshire Technical Community College
New
Hampshire Art Institute
Southern New Hampshire University
Rivier
School
Saint Anselm School
Thomas More Art School
New Hampshire
University System:
University of New Hampshire
Southern New
Hampshire University
Keene State School
Plymouth State University
University of New Hampshire in Manchester
Berlin Daily Sun
Concord Monitor
Conway Daily Sun
Eagle
Times de Claremont
Eagle Tribune (Lawrence (Massachusetts), área,
incluye la zona meridional de NH)
Foster's Daily Democrat de Dover
Keene Sentinel
Laconia Citizen
Laconia Daily Sun
New Hampshire
Union Leader de Mánchester
The Portsmouth Herald
Telegraph of
Nashua
Valley News de West Lebanon
The Baysider
The Bedford Bulletin
The Bow Times
Milford
Cabinet, parte de The Cabinet Press (además Hollis, Brookline, Bedford,
Merrimack)
Carriage Towne News (zona de Kingston)
The Carroll
County Independent
The Clock - Universidad estatal de Plymouth
periódico estudiantil
The Coös County Democrat
The Exeter
News-Letter
The Goffstown News
Hippo Press (Ediciones para
Mánchester, Nashua y Concord)
The Hooksett Banner
Keene Free Press
The Littleton Courier
The Londonderry Times
The New Hampshire -
Universidad de Nuevo Hampshire periódico estudiantil
New Hampshire
Bar Journal
New Hampshire Bar News
New Hampshire Business Review
The New Hampshire Gazette Portsmouth bisemanal que reclama ser el más
antiguo de América.
New Hampshire magazine
The Nutfield News
(Derry)
The Record Enterprise de Plymouth
The Salem Observer
The Tri-Town Times (Hampstead, Sandown, Chester)
ABC afiliado: WMUR, Canal 9, Mánchester
PBS afiliados en Durham,
Keene y Littleton (Nuevo Hampshire Televisión Pública )
MyNetworkTV
afiliado: WZMY, Canal 50, Derry (también emite para el área de Boston)
In New Hampshire, local company Spinelli Cinemas owns movie theaters in seven different cities, while several national chains have multiple complexes. There are also independent theaters such as the IOKA Theater in Exeter, Wilton Municipal Theatre, and Portsmouth Music Hall. Three drive-in theaters still operate in the state, located in the towns of Laconia, Milford, and Hinsdale.
Portsmouth is the city where Heavy Metal and Hard Rock vocalist Ronnie James Dio was born. Dio is considered one of the most influential voices in metal, being considered the 'Voice of Metal' and 'Godfather of Metal' like Ozzy Osbourne. He is also the one who introduced Mano cornuta to heavy culture.
New Hampshire is the home of United States President Josiah Bartlet
in the fictional television series The West Wing of the White House
Peterborough is the town on which Thornton Wilder based himself to
create the town of Grover's Corners, in his work Our Town.
The novel
Peyton Place is inspired by the town of Gilmanton (New Hampshire).
John Knowles based the Devon School in A Separate Peace at Phillips
Exeter Academy in Exeter.
Joyce Maynard grew up in Durham, New
Hampshire, and based many of her novels on life in the state, the best
known of which was To Die For, which is based on the Pamela Smart murder
case.
Parts of the movie Jumanji starring Robin Williams were filmed
in Keene, the best known of the scenes filmed in this state is the
animal stampede scene.
The majority of the independent film Live Free
or Die was filmed in Claremont, New Hampshire.
Gravesend Academy,
from the book A Prayer for Owen Meany, was based on Phillips Exeter
Academy. The book's author, John Irving, studied at the school as well
as the University of New Hampshire.
The novel The World According to
Garp, by the same author as well, mostly takes place in New Hampshire.
The New York Times bestselling saga Asylum, by author Madeleine Roux,
takes place in New Hampshire, telling a book of mysterious and
paranormal themes that occur in what was once a psychiatric hospital.
New Hampshire was the destination of Walter White, protagonist of
Breaking Bad, when he was a fugitive from justice. During his stay in
said state, the cancer he suffered from took a terminal form.
The New Hampshire Motor Speedway is an oval circuit opened in 1990,
where NASCAR Cup, CART and IndyCar Series motorsports races have been
held.
The New Hampshire Phantoms are a soccer team founded in
1996, currently playing in the USL League Two.
The Manchester
Monarchs ice hockey team played in the American Hockey League from 2001
to 2015, and the ECHL from 2015 to 2019.