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Kanash (Chuvash. Kanash - “council”) is a city (since 1925) in
Russia, the administrative center of the Kanashsky district of
Chuvashia. An industrial city, the transport center of Chuvashia, a
major railway center of the republic. In terms of share in the total
volume of shipped products, the city ranks third among the cities of
the Chuvash Republic. The administrative center of the Kanashsky
district, which does not include. Forms the urban district of the
city of Kanash.
By Decree of the Government of the Russian
Federation of July 29, 2014 No. 1398-r (as amended on May 13, 2016)
“On approval of the list of single-industry towns”, it is included
in the list of single-industry towns of the Russian Federation with
the most difficult socio-economic situation.
Kanash City Day
is celebrated on the Day of the Railwayman - the first Sunday of
August.
By plane
There is no airport in Kanash, the nearest airport is
Cheboksary (about 80 km.)
By train
Kanash is the largest
railway station in Chuvashia. From Kanash you can get directly to many
major cities of the country by transit trains to
Moscow,
St. Petersburg,
to the southern cities: Sochi,
Adler, Novorossiysk and many other cities
of Russia. You can also get to foreign cities:
Brest,
Kyiv,
Berlin in
summer
By car
The federal highway A151 "Tsivilsk - Ulyanovsk"
passes through Kanash.
By bus
Kanash is connected by bus with
all cities of the republic. Buses to Moscow run daily.
On the
ship
There are no rivers in Kanash.
The transport system of the city is represented by buses and taxis.
Located 77.8 km from the city of Cheboksary. Kanash
is the railway capital of Chuvashia. On the map of the Chuvash
Republic, the city of Kanash occupies a very favorable geographical
position. It is located almost in the very center of the republic.
Kanash is located in the elevated part of the watershed of the
Maly Tsivil and Kubni rivers and occupies an area of 1720
hectares. The area adjacent to the city has a rectangular shape.
From north to south it stretches 70 km, from west to east - 40 km.
The relief is a gently hilly plateau, dissected by ravines and
valleys. 18 small rivers and streams flow through the territory of
the district. There are deposits of clay and loam, building sand
near the city. The area is rich in forests. In the forests grow
birch, maple, oak, spruce, pine, linden, aspen, hazel, bird cherry,
red mountain ash, dog rose, ash, willow, other trees and shrubs,
elks, wolves, hares, foxes, badgers, wild boars, black grouse, hazel
grouses, various waterfowl, in reservoirs - muskrat, beavers.
The climate is continental with moderately hot summers and cold winters, with unstable weather, frequent precipitation in the form of rains and snow, fogs and clear sunny days. In summer, the average temperature is 25-35 degrees Celsius, in winter - minus 15-20, sometimes below -35. However, every year the winter becomes milder, the warmth is mainly carried by the southern and south-western winds, rain and cold - the northern and north-western cyclones.
In 1588, the village of Atishchevo arose on the site of modern
Kanash. In the 60s of the 17th century, the village of Shikhrany
appeared nearby; soon the two villages were merged into one under the
name Atishchevo-Shikhrany, which in everyday life was called Shikhrany
(Chuvash. Shăkhran - after the founder of the settlement - Shykhran
(Chuvash. own name). The village was enrolled in the Tsivilsky district
of the Kazan province. In 1892 Shikhrany railway station was
organized.In 1905, the village became a village.
In 1921, the
first nursery was opened.
In 1925 it was renamed Kanash.
In 1926, the construction of the second Kanash station was completed, to
which the main cargo work was transferred. On November 7, 1929, the
first power station went into operation, which subsequently supplied
electricity to the railway station, part of the city and 13 nearby
villages. A new stage in the development of the city was the
construction of a car repair plant, which began in March 1934. The plant
was designed to repair 6,000 freight cars a year. On September 1, 1935,
the plant produced the first batch of overhauled cars.
In 1936, a
pioneer camp for 200 places was opened on the Tsivil River.
In
1939, the Kanash-Cheboksary railway line went into operation, Kanash
becomes a large railway junction operating in 4 directions. By 1940,
17.3 thousand people lived in the city, there were 4 schools, a
financial college, a medical school, a new building of a pedagogical
school was built. April 10, 1942 Kanash received the status of a city of
republican subordination.
The structure of local governments of the city of Kanash includes:
The head of the city of Kanash is elected by the Assembly of Deputies of
the city of Kanash from its composition for a period until the end of
the powers of the Assembly of Deputies of the city of Kanash;
Assembly of deputies of the city of Kanash of 21 deputies elected in
municipal elections in single-mandate electoral districts on the basis
of universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot for a period of
5 years;
The Kanash city administration is a local self-government
body that performs executive and administrative functions to resolve
issues of local importance and exercise certain state powers transferred
to local self-government bodies by federal law or the law of the Chuvash
Republic;
Other local governments of the city of Kanash, which are
part of the structure of the administration of the city of Kanash and
have their own powers to resolve issues of local importance, which, in
accordance with this Charter, are legal entities and act on the basis of
the relevant provisions approved by the decision of the Assembly of
Deputies of the city of Kanash.
Kanash is an industrial city, the transport center of Chuvashia, and
a major railway center of the republic. The volume of shipped goods of
own production for 2019 amounted to 13,737.1 million rubles, or 157.7%
compared to 2018. The retail trade turnover for 2019 amounted to 3,040.7
million rubles, or 112.9% compared to 2018.
There are 13 large
and medium-sized enterprises and 13 small enterprises in the city, 5.9
thousand people working (29.9% of the employed population).
Main
enterprises :
Arkto is engaged in the production of commercial
refrigeration equipment.
Kanash industrial equipment plant. Until
1966, a boiler and welding plant. It produces small road and
construction equipment (vibrating screeds, seam cutters) with the
preservation of traditional products - mailboxes
The Kanash Car
Repair Plant specializes in the construction of new freight gondola
cars, other types of rolling stock, the overhaul and depot repairs of
freight cars, the production of wagon bogies, wheelsets and their
repair, and the production of spare parts.
The Kanash Electric
Forklift Plant manufactures handling equipment (electric forklifts,
electric carts) and provides industrial services - processing of metal
products using the main technological processes of mechanical
engineering.
Kanash Auto-Aggregate Plant is one of the leading
specialized enterprises of the Russian Federation for the production of
units and assemblies for buses (pneumohydraulic brakes, front axles for
PAZ-3205, LiAZ-5256 buses) and trolleybuses, timber trailers for KrAZ
and MAZ heavy trucks.
Mechanized column No. 33. Deployed at Kanash
station in 1971.
Kanmash DSO LLC specializes in the production of
crushing and screening equipment - screens, crushers, conveyors, spare
parts for crushing and screening equipment, lifting equipment - beam
cranes.
The Kanash cutter plant specializes in the production of
metal-cutting tools - brazed turning cutters for external face machining
of parts made of steel, cast iron and other materials, trimming and
grooving, cutting metal threads; internal turning, surface treatment of
blind holes.
LLC "Develey" - production of sauces and mustards.
Kanmash Agro LLC is engaged in the production of agricultural machinery
- disc harrows, cultivators, grabs, plows and spare parts for
agricultural machinery.
Kanash plant "Lakokraska". Founded March 3,
85, 1936
AvtoSpetsTehnika-Kanash
Kanash ceramics
Kanash felting
factory "Sever"
Kanash Metal Shot Plant
DOOO "Kanashstroy" OJSC
"Stroytrest No. 3"
DOV LLC
AURAT-SV LLC
Heat supply
Heat supply and provision of hot water is carried out
by MP "MC Housing and Communal Services" MO "Georgia". Kanash Chechnya,
OOO Kanash Technological Equipment Plant, Gorky Railway - a branch of
JSC Russian Railways (Directorate for Heat and Water Supply).
Water supply
Water supply and sanitation is carried out by Water
Supply LLC, Water Disposal LLC, Vodokanal Management Company LLC,
Vodokachka LLC. The source of the city’s water supply is groundwater.
thousand m³ per day each.On the third lift, five units of UVR
(ultraviolet disinfection) with a capacity of 150 m³ per hour each.
Water disinfection was switched to hypochlorite, which made it possible
to abandon liquid chlorine and reduce the risk of emergencies associated
with the storage and use of liquid chlorine.
The city sewerage
system covers all apartment buildings and enterprises of the city. Due
to the peculiarities of the relief of the city, wastewater is pumped to
the treatment plant by nine pumping stations. The pumping stations that
have existed since the early 1950s are extremely worn out and need to be
reconstructed. The capacity of biological treatment facilities is 10
thousand m³ per day. At the same time, more than 15,000 m³ of sewage
flows from the city per day.
Gasification
Gasification is
almost completed in Kanash. Since the beginning of gasification, high
and low pressure gas pipelines with a total length of 181.45 km have
been built, 18,305 apartments and individual residential buildings have
been gasified, 32 gas distribution points, 46 cabinet gas control points
have been built, 12 industrial enterprises, 108 household enterprises,
29 gas distribution boiler plants have been gasified. The conversion of
boiler houses to natural gas led to significant savings in the budget of
the city and the population.
Power supply
The total length of
transmission lines serviced by OJSC Kanash City Electric Networks is
over 400 km. Depreciation of facilities and electrical equipment of the
enterprise - 87%.
Housing stock
There are 40 construction
organizations operating in the city.
The total area of the
housing stock as of January 1, 2011 amounted to 971 thousand m²,
including 452 apartment buildings with a total area of 808.4 thousand
m². The provision of housing for the population is 21.3 m² per person.
The largest part of housing (784.9 thousand m²) is privately owned, 26.4
thousand m² is state property, 156.3 thousand m² is municipal property,
and another 3.4 thousand m². As of January 1, 2011, 95.8% of the total
area of the housing stock is equipped with water supply, 95.1% - with
sewerage, 97.1% - with heating (including 86.1% - centralized heating),
98.0% - gas, 88.1% - baths (showers), 84.3% - hot water supply, 2.5% -
floor electric stoves, 84.1% - simultaneously water supply, drainage,
heating, hot water supply, gas (floor stoves).
Trade
The state
of the trade sector in the city of Kanash is characterized as stable,
with a rapid pace of development of the material and technical base, a
high level of saturation for all product groups.
The
infrastructure of the consumer market and services has been formed in
the city, which includes 557 objects: 281 objects for the retail sale of
goods (including 8 shopping malls), 77 catering facilities, one
Universal Fair, on the premises of two enterprises (LLC "
Kanashopptprodtorg” and LLC “ORO Chuvashpotrebsoyuz”) organized
wholesale warehouses, 29 retail trade facilities, 169 facilities for the
provision of personal services to the population. The number of consumer
market facilities did not include facilities for receiving payments for
cellular telephone communications and pharmacies. Almost all types of
trade facilities are represented in the city - from shopping centers to
small shops.