Stavropol Krai, Russia

The Stavropol Territory is located in the south of Russia, in the central part of the Ciscaucasia. In the west, it borders on the Krasnodar Territory, in the north - on the Rostov Region, in the northeast - on Kalmykia, in the south - on the republics of the North Caucasus: Karachay-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia, Chechnya, Dagestan.

In 1774, as a result of another Russian-Turkish war, Russia annexed the Kuban and Kabarda. The Azov-Mozdok defensive line of 10 fortresses is being laid along the new border, the annexed territory is gradually being colonized. Having briefly been part of the Astrakhan province, by decree of Alexander I, the steppes of Ciscaucasia form the Caucasian province with the center in the most developed fortified outpost at that time - Georgievsk. A few decades later, the administrative center was transferred to Stavropol, and a little later the province became Stavropol. Stavropol becomes the common name of the region.

The Stavropol Territory is divided into two very different parts: northern and southern. The north is occupied by flat, dry steppes, the population density is low, and the inhabitants are mainly employed in agriculture. The south of the region is foothills and mountains, most of them belong to the region of the Caucasian mineral waters. Kavminvody is one of the best recreational areas in Russia, the most interesting sights of the region are also located here.

 

Cities

Stavropol
Kislovodsk
Lysogorskaya Stanitsa

Mineralnye Vody
Pyatigorsk
Yessentuki

 

Other destinations

The main attractions of the region are natural, and most of them are located in the Kavminvod region. Although Kavminvody is primarily associated with narzan, vacationers will be offered both therapeutic mud and health paths - health walking routes. All this is complemented by beautiful landscaped parks. The Kavminvod Mountains belong to laccoliths (failed volcanoes) of an island type: they are not connected into a single mountainous country, but rise above the Podkumka valley separately. The mountains are low - from 700 to 1400 m - and compact, and therefore very accessible for climbing: in Kislovodsk and Pyatigorsk, you can climb to the top of the mountain in the morning, and return to the city center by lunchtime. On the slope of Mount Razvalka in the vicinity of Zheleznovodsk there is a unique geological monument - a permafrost grotto, and not far from it is a cave with bats. In total, there are 17 laccoliths in the region, all of them are natural monuments. Outside the Caucasian Mineral Waters, the steppe is rather monotonous. On it you can pay attention only to Strizhament - the highest point of the Stavropol Upland, on top of which a piece of virgin unplowed steppe has been preserved. The northern slopes of Strizhament are made of limestone layers and cornices, bizarrely broken by erosion - this place was nicknamed Stone Chaos.

The most significant cultural event of the region took place in 1840, when “our second everything” arrived in Pyatigorsk - M. Lermontov. All his later works were written in the Caucasus, they repeatedly describe the cities and nature of Pyatigorye. In each city of the Caucasian Mineral Waters, Lermontov places are included in the mandatory excursion program. Fans of the "Hero of Our Time" can visit the place of the duel between Pechorin and Grushnitsky - a rock in the vicinity of Kislovodsk - however, this will require an off-road vehicle or at least a bicycle.

There are no significant architectural antiquities in the region. Budyonnovsk, which is located on the site of the medieval Madjar, a major trade and hub on one of the branches of the Great Silk Road, can be considered the most ancient city with some stretch. The ruins of Madzhar were preserved until the beginning of the 20th century, when they were finally dismantled into bricks by local residents. In several cities of the region, the remains of fortresses from the time of the Russian conquest of the Caucasus have been preserved, but in Stavropol this is an unimpressive piece of the wall, in Georgievsk the artillery cellars are now in a closed area, and the Kislovodsk fortress is a later reconstruction. The oldest and most remarkable church in Stavropol is St. Nicholas Church in Georgievsk. According to one version, it was built even before the colonization of Stavropol: the Don Cossacks, moving to the Caucasus, dismantled the church in their village and transported it to Georgievsk. True or not, this is the only, albeit not rich, example of Baroque in the region. At the end of the 19th century, among the metropolitan public, it became fashionable to relax on the waters, and in the cities of Kavminvod, dachas and hotels began to be built in the then fashionable Art Nouveau style, which have partially survived to this day. There is also a bit of Art Nouveau in Stavropol. However, all this Art Nouveau has a deep provincial tinge; local architects were far from the capital's examples of this style. In the same period, graceful metal drinking galleries were erected in Pyatigorsk and Zheleznovodsk - at that time the largest metal buildings in the country - and a monumental empire-style mud bath similar to Roman baths was being built in Essentuki. The Soviet Empire did not bypass the Stavropol region either: in Kislovodsk in the 1930s-1950s, the best Stalinist architects built a dozen and a half sanatoriums; Unfortunately, now their territory is closed for free visiting.

 

What to do

The presence in the Stavropol Territory of a large balneo-resort region Kavminvod allows you to combine recreational tourism with health tourism. The minimum duration of a spa voucher is 14 days, it usually includes accommodation, three meals a day and treatment using mineral water, mud, therapeutic walking and climatotherapy. In total, there are more than a hundred sanatoriums in the region, and each resort in the region has its own specialization:

Zheleznovodsk - diseases of the digestive system, kidneys and urinary tract;
Pyatigorsk - diseases of the nervous system, musculoskeletal system, skin and blood vessels;
Essentuki - diseases of the digestive system, liver, biliary tract and metabolic diseases;
Kislovodsk — diseases of the cardiovascular system.

 

Getting in

There are two airports in the region. The largest of them, serving not only the Stavropol region, but also most of the North Caucasus, is Mineralnye Vody (IATA: MRV). In addition to numerous flights to St. Petersburg and three airports in Moscow, you can fly to Minvody from Yekaterinburg and a number of cities in the near abroad - Yerevan, Tashkent, Bishkek and Baku. There is also a convenient flight to Istanbul, from where you can find a transfer to any other destinations. Stavropol Airport (IATA: STW) is very inactive and, it seems, is not closed only for reasons of prestige: the regional capital is supposed to have its own airport. Three or four flights a day from Moscow are noticeably more expensive than to Minvody, flights to St. Petersburg and Istanbul periodically appear and disappear.

The Central-Northern Caucasus railway runs through the western part of the Stavropol Territory, through Nevinnomyssk and Minvody, with a dead-end branch to Kislovodsk. The regional center is located away from the main railway line: although you can get to Stavropol by train from Kropotkin (Kavkazskaya station), it is faster and cheaper to do this by minibus from Nevinnomyssk. Suburban traffic Georgievsk-Budennovsk is dying and can be canceled at any time; traffic on the branch Stavropol-Elista has long been closed.

The main road in the region is the federal highway P217/M29 "Caucasus", which starts in the Krasnodar Territory, crosses the Stavropol Territory and goes further to Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia, Ingushetia, Chechnya and ends in Dagestan. In the direction of Karachay-Cherkessia from Mineralnye Vody there is a picturesque highway A157. If you come to Stavropol from the Rostov region, feel free to choose not the M4, but the P269: the road is narrow, but of good quality, and most importantly, it is almost always empty.

 

Getting around

A large bus operator, Stavavto, offers e-tickets for all of its flights, both within the Stavropol Territory and to neighboring regions.

 

Eat

Due to the proximity to the North Caucasus, the cuisine in Stavropol has a distinct Caucasian accent: many, if not most, establishments will offer you shish kebab and lyulya. In the dairy departments of stores you can find Kabardian milk and Karachay ayran - they are not stored for long, and therefore they rarely get outside the North Caucasus and the Stavropol Ciscaucasia. Unlike them, alcoholic products of Stavropol factories are supplied throughout Russia. Wines and cognacs of the Praskoveya winery will please only the most unpretentious consumer; on the contrary, the products of the Strizhament factory - balms, tinctures and vodkas - deserve high marks and will become a good souvenir from Stavropol.

The resorts of Kavminvod have their own specifics of public catering: the Soviet system of sanatorium recreation assumes that holidaymakers live in a sanatorium with full board, because of this, there are fewer canteens and cafes in these cities than, for example, in the resorts of Crimea and the Krasnodar Territory. This feature is less pronounced in Pyatigorsk, but very clearly visible in sleepy Zheleznovodsk.

 

Precautionary measures

A large number of plants grow in Stavropolsky, the pollen of which can cause allergies, including birch, poplar, and ragweed.

When going out into nature, measures should be taken to protect against ticks. Unlike central Russia, local ticks live in open areas, not in forests, and carry Crimean hemorrhagic fever, for which there is no vaccine yet.

 

Physical and geographical characteristics

Geography

It is located in the central part of Ciscaucasia and on the northern slope of the Greater Caucasus. The Stavropol Territory stretches for 285 km from north to south and for 370 km from west to east.

The extreme northern point of the region (46°14′ N) is located 21 km northwest of the village of Manychskoe; extreme southern (43°59′ N) - south of the village of Galyugaevskaya; extreme western (40 ° 48′ E) - 5 km west of the village of Raduga; the extreme eastern (45 ° 47′ E) - 18 km northeast of the village of Bakres.

In the west and southwest, the Stavropol Territory borders on the Krasnodar Territory, in the northwest on the Rostov Region, in the north and northeast on Kalmykia, in the east on Dagestan, in the southeast on the Chechen Republic, in the south on North Ossetia-Alania , Karachay-Cherkess and Kabardino-Balkarian republics.

 

Relief, geology and minerals

Most of the territory of the Stavropol Territory is occupied by the Stavropol Upland, which passes in the east into the Terek-Kuma Lowland (Nogai Steppe). In the north, the upland merges with the Kuma-Manych depression. In the strip of foothills, the region of the Caucasian Mineral Waters stands out with laccolith mountains, up to 1401 m high (Beshtau). The highest point of the region reaches 1603 meters above sea level.

Minerals - natural gas, oil, polymetals containing uranium, building materials. The most famous gas fields are Severo-Stavropolsko-Pelagiadinskoye (reserves of about 229 billion m³) and Sengileevskoye; gas condensate - Mirnenskoe and Rasshevatskoe; oil - Praskoveyskoe.

The potential of the geothermal waters of the region is high, four large deposits have been explored: Kazminskoye, Georgievskoye, Tersko-Galyugaevskoye and Nizhne-Zelenchukskoye with a total debit of 12 thousand m³ / day.

Stocks of building raw materials at the end of the 1990s: clay for the production of bricks and tiles - 90 million m3, expanded clay - 12 million m3, silicate products - 125 million m3, sand and gravel materials - 290 million m3, building stone - 170 million m3, glass — 4.6 million tons.

The special wealth of the region is mineral healing waters. In the 2000s, about 1370 m³/day is used, which is only 10% of the potential.

 

Climate

The climate is temperate continental. The average temperature in January is -5 °C (in the mountains up to -10 °C), in July from +22 ... +25 °C (in the mountains up to +14 °C). Precipitation falls: on the plain 300-500 mm per year, in the foothills - over 600 mm. The duration of the growing season is 180-185 days. There are 16 meteorological stations of Roshydromet operating on the territory of the region (as of the beginning of 2018).

 

Hydrography

The main rivers are Kuban, Kuma, Malka, Podkumok, Zolka, Kalaus, Yegorlyk, Bolshoi Zelenchuk, Kura, Manych, etc. There are few lakes: Tambukan Lake (with reserves of therapeutic mud), part of Manych-Gudilo Lake, Tsagan-Khak Lake, Sengileevsky reservoir, Kravtsovo Lake, etc. There are 25 hydrological posts on the territory of the region that monitor water levels and other important parameters of rivers and reservoirs, and 1 hydrological station (in Pyatigorsk).

The rivers and waste channels of the region have a significant energy potential, realized in the 2000s in the amount of up to 750 million kWh/year.

 

Soils

The Stavropol Territory is located mainly in the steppe and semi-desert zones. Soils are mainly chernozems (southern and ordinary) and chestnut (light chestnut, chestnut and dark chestnut). Forb-grass and cereal steppes predominate, in the east and northeast - sagebrush-grass vegetation with solonetzes and solonchaks. The steppes are mostly plowed up.

 

Animal and plant world

In the high areas of the Stavropol Upland there are massifs of broad-leaved oak-hornbeam forests (areas of the forest-steppe). Rodents (ground squirrels, voles, hamsters, jerboas, etc.) live in the steppe, eared hedgehogs, weasels, foxes, and wolves live. In the floodplains of Kuma there are reed cats and wild boars. There are a lot of waterfowl on lakes and swamps.

 

State natural monuments of regional significance

On September 15, 1961, a resolution was adopted on conferring the status of a state natural monument of regional significance: Oak forest on the Prikalausky heights, Stone Sheds cave, Semistozhki tract, beech forest on Vorovskolesky heights (Chumatsky forest), St. the Kuban River near the village of Barsukovskaya, the Belomechetsky sand pit, the Karmalinovsky sand pit, the Batalinsky mineral spring, the Batalinsky cave, the areas of yew berry in the Bekeshevsky and Borgustansky forestries, the rocks "Battleship" and "Destroyer", a beech site on Mount Strizhament, Lopatinskaya forest dacha, Stone chaos on the northern slope of Mount Strizhament, a strip of rocks and slumped blocks of Middle Sarmatian limestone in the upper reaches of the Tatarka beam, the Fourth beam, the Kosyakinsky sand quarry, the Lermontov rock, the Lermontov waterfall, the group of rocks "Red Stones", "Ring-mountain", Pyatigorsk large failure, mountains : Mashuk, Dubrovka (Shaved), Beshtau, Sharp, Dumb, Honey, Iron, Razvalka, Bryk, Kutsai, Camel, Dagger, Kokurtly, Snake, Bald, Golden Mound, Dzhutsa, Bull, Yutsa, Sheludivaya.

 

Reserves

On August 17, 2001, state nature reserves of regional significance were formed: "Alexandrovsky", "Arzgirsky", "Debri", "Forest Dacha", "Beshtaugorsky", "Vostochny", "Novoselitsky", "Priozerny"

 

History

The Stavropol Territory was formed on February 13, 1924 as the South-Eastern Region (krai). April 18, 1926 the beginning of the work of the regional radio. Oct 16 1924 - March 13, 1937 - North Caucasian region. On March 13, 1937, after the death of Sergo Ordzhonikidze, to perpetuate the memory of the revolutionary, the North Caucasian Territory was renamed Ordzhonikidze. On February 22, 1938, five northern regions of the Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Achikulaksky, Karanogaysky, Kayasulinsky, Kizlyarsky, Shelkovskaya) were transferred to the region. Of these, the Kizlyar Autonomous Okrug was formed with the center in the city of Kizlyar. Thus, the territory began to include 2 autonomous regions (Karachaevskaya and Cherkesskaya), 1 district, 39 districts and 8 cities of regional subordination.

On January 12, 1943, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the administrative center of the region, the city of Voroshilovsk, was renamed Stavropol, and the Ordzhonikidze Territory was renamed Stavropol.

On January 23, 1943, the region was liberated from the Nazi invaders.

On October 12, 1943, the Karachaev Autonomous Region was abolished.

On December 27, 1943, the Priyutnensky district was transferred from the abolished Kalmyk ASSR.

On March 22, 1944, after the abolition of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, the Grozny region was formed, which included all the districts of the liquidated Kizlyar district.

On January 14, 1952, the Stepnovsky District was transferred to the Stavropol Territory from the Astrakhan Region and renamed Stepnoy.

On March 14, 1955, by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces, the Klukhorsky district was transferred to the region from the Georgian SSR.

On January 12, 1957, the Kalmyk Autonomous Region was formed as part of the Stavropol Territory, to which the Stepnoy and Chernozemelsky regions were transferred, and the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Region, to which Zelenchuksky, Karachaevsky and Ust-Dzhegutinsky regions were transferred.

On July 19, 1958, most of the territory of the Kalmyk Autonomous Region was separated from the Stavropol Territory and transformed into the Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

On September 30, 1958, by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, the Spitsevsky district of the Stavropol Territory was renamed the Staromaryevsky district; abolished: Kayasulinsky district (with the transfer of its territory to the Achikulaksky district), Novoselitsky district (with the transfer of its territory to the Aleksandrovsky and Prikumsky districts), Stepnovsky district (with the transfer of its territory to the Vorontsovo-Aleksandrovsky district) and Shpakovsky district (with the transfer of its territory is part of the Staromaryevsky and Trunovsky districts.

On October 8, 1958, by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the Stavropol Territory was awarded the Order of Lenin.

On February 1, 1963, by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, the following districts were formed in the Stavropol Territory (instead of the existing ones):
Aleksandrovsky, Apanasenkovsky, Blagodarnensky, Georgievsky, Izobilnensky, Ipatovsky, Kochubeevsky, Krasnogvardeysky, Kursk, Levokumsky, Mineralovodsky, Petrovsky districts, Prikumsky, Sovetsky and Shpakovsky rural areas;
Neftekumsk industrial region.

On January 12, 1965, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR decided:
to form districts: Neftekumsk district - the center is the working settlement of Neftekumsk; Piedmont - the center of the village of Essentukskaya;
abolish the Neftekumsk industrial region;
Arzgirsky, Alexandrovsky, Apanasenkovsky, Blagodarnensky, Georgievsky, Izobilnensky, Ipatovsky, Kochubeevsky, Krasnogvardeisky, Kursk district, Levokumsky, Mineralovodsky, Novoaleksandrovsky district, Petrovsky district, Prikumsky, Sovetsky and Shpakovsky rural areas shall be transformed into districts.
On July 3, 1991, the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Region seceded from the Stavropol Territory and became the Karachay-Cherkess Soviet Socialist Republic.

 

Awards

On July 17, 2014, the Duma of the Stavropol Territory adopted the Law "On awards in the Stavropol Territory", which regulates relations in the field of awards in the Stavropol Territory, determines the legal and organizational basis for awarding awards in the Stavropol Territory, their presentation, wearing, storage, as well as the powers of the executive authorities of the Stavropol Territory Territory, state bodies of the Stavropol Territory, local governments of municipalities of the Stavropol Territory on the establishment of departmental awards and awards of local governments and awarding them.

Awards of the Stavropol Territory are the highest form of encouragement of citizens, organizations, teams of organizations for merit and special achievements in various fields of activity aimed at the socio-economic development of the Stavropol Territory, ensuring the well-being of the population of the Stavropol Territory, and other merits to the Stavropol Territory.

The awards of the Stavropol Territory can be awarded to residents of the Territory and other citizens of the Russian Federation, foreign citizens, stateless persons, organizations, teams of organizations, administrative-territorial formations and municipalities of the Territory.

In 1997-2005, 15807 people, 1432 teams of enterprises, 2 municipalities were awarded.

On June 28, 2018, the Duma of the Stavropol Territory adopted the Law “On Honorary Titles of Settlements of the Stavropol Territory”, which establishes the legal basis for conferring honorary titles on the settlements of the Stavropol Territory in order to perpetuate the memory of those who died defending the Fatherland on the territory of the Territory, events that played a significant role in the Great Patriotic War war and other historical periods of national history, the preservation of the military-historical heritage, as well as the patriotic education of citizens.

The honorary title "City of military valor", "Settlement of military valor" is awarded respectively to cities, other settlements of the Stavropol Territory, on the territory of which or in the immediate vicinity of which, during the hostilities, the defenders of the Fatherland showed courage, steadfastness and heroism;
The honorary title "City of the military-historical heritage", "Settlement of the military-historical heritage" is assigned respectively to the cities, other settlements of the Stavropol Territory associated with events that played a significant role in the military history of the Fatherland;
The honorary title "Frontier of Military Valor" is awarded to several settlements of the Stavropol Territory, on the territory of which or in the immediate vicinity of which the defense line passed, where during the hostilities the defenders of the Fatherland showed courage, steadfastness and heroism.

 

Science, education and culture

Scientific institutions

North Caucasian Engineering and Geological Center (SKIGTS). Formed in 1957 in Stavropol. It is the head research organization of the Gosstroy of Russia for engineering surveys, geoecology, hydrogeology and the fight against dangerous geological processes in the North Caucasus.
North Caucasian Research Institute of Natural Gases (SevKavNIPIgaz). Created on the basis of the Stavropol integrated research laboratory of the All-Russian Research Institute of Gas (opened in 1962 in Stavropol).
North Caucasian Federal Scientific Agrarian Center (until 2017 - Stavropol Research Institute of Agriculture (SNIISH)). It was formed in 1912 on the basis of the Svyatokrestovsky experimental and demonstrative field. In 2013, he entered the structure of the Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations with the status of a federal state budgetary scientific institution.
Stavropol Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Land Reclamation (StavNIIGiM). Created in 1971 on the basis of the Stavropol Experimental Reclamation Station. Currently not active.
Stavropol Research Institute of Animal Husbandry and Forage Production (SNIIZhK). It was founded in 2001 in Stavropol during the merger of the All-Russian Research Institute of Sheep and Goat Breeding, the Stavropol Research Institute of Animal Husbandry and Feed Production, the Research Institute of Harvesting and Primary Wool Processing and the Research Veterinary Station. It is a state scientific institution of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the largest scientific institution of animal husbandry in the Russian Federation.
Stavropol Research Institute for the Integrated Use of Dairy Raw Materials (NIIKiM). Currently not active.
Stavropol Research and Design and Survey Institute for Land Management (StavropolNIIgiprozem). Currently not active.
Stavropol Anti-Plague Institute of Rospotrebnadzor. It was formed in 1952 on the basis of the Stavropol anti-plague station (founded in 1934).

 

Higher education

North Caucasian Federal University
Pyatigorsk State University
Nevinnomyssk Institute of Economics, Management and Law
Stavropol State Agrarian University
Stavropol State Medical University
Stavropol Institute of Management
Institute of Friendship of the Peoples of the Caucasus
Stavropol Commercial Social Institute
Stavropol Institute of Service
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - branch of VolgGMU
Since April 1, 2010, the Stavropol Territory has been participating in an experiment in teaching the course "Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics" (includes "Fundamentals of Orthodox Culture", "Fundamentals of Islamic Culture", "Fundamentals of Buddhist Culture", "Fundamentals of Jewish Culture", "Fundamentals of World Religious Cultures, and Fundamentals of Secular Ethics).

 

Culture

North Caucasian State Academic Philharmonic named after V. I. Safonov
The Stavropol State Philharmonic Society is the oldest musical and educational organization in the region. Founded in 1902.
Almanac "Literary Stavropol". The first issue came out on January 28, 1941

 

Mass media

Young Leninist (03/16/1934-1941, 1950-1992) - Komsomol newspaper of the Stavropol Territory. In 1990 it was called "Morning". Closed

 

Resorts

Caucasian Mineralnye Vody is one of the largest resort regions of the Russian Federation, which has no analogues in Russia in terms of the richness, variety, quantity and value of mineral waters and therapeutic mud.

 

Economy

The special economic zone of tourist and recreational type "Grand Spa Yutsa" was created in accordance with Decree No. 71 of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 3, 2007 on the territory of the Stavropol Territory. Since December 2012, the Tourist and Recreational Special Economic Zone "Grand Spa Yutsa" of the Stavropol Territory has been included in the North Caucasus Tourism Cluster, which is managed by OJSC "Resorts of the North Caucasus".

Industry
The main industries are mechanical engineering (electrotechnical equipment, machine tools, instruments, truck cranes, trailers), electric power, oil and gas production and processing, food (wine, oil and fat and canning in Georgievsk, sugar in Izobilny), chemical (mineral fertilizers in Nevinnomyssk, orgsintez in Budyonnovsk), building materials (glass in Mineralnye Vody), light (woolen in Nevinnomyssk, leather in Budennovsk), furniture, microbiological (Stavropol).

 

Energy

As of June 2021, there are 21 power plants in operation in the region with a total capacity of 4,506.45 MW, including ten hydroelectric power plants, one solar, eight thermal and two wind power plants (Kochubeevskaya and Karmalinovskaya) power plants. In 2019, they produced 14,690 million kWh of electricity (including the Kuban HPP-1, HPP-2 and PSP, located on the territory of Karachay-Cherkessia, but organizationally included in the Stavropol energy system).

The largest objects:
Stavropolskaya GRES — 2400 MW
Nevinnomysskaya GRES — 1530 MW
Budyonnovskaya CCGT-TPP - 135 MW)
Kochubeevskaya WPP — 210 MW
Bondarevskaya wind farm - 120 MW. Launched September 1, 2021
Karmalinovskaya WPP – 60 MW
Kuban HPP-3 - 87 MW
Kuban HPP-4 - 78 MW
Egorlykskaya HPP - 30 MW
Kislovodsk CHPP — 12 MW
The volume of thermal energy production per year is about 11 million Gcal.

Energy consumption for 2006:
Natural gas — 10 billion m³
Oil products — more than 1.2 million tons.

 

Agriculture

It specializes in the cultivation of grain and sunflower, the leading role in animal husbandry belongs to cattle breeding, fine-wool sheep breeding. Horticulture, viticulture, poultry farming, pig breeding, and beekeeping are widely developed.

 

Crop production

Stavropol is one of the leaders in the production of tomatoes in protected ground: the region accounts for more than 14% of the total Russian volume of greenhouse tomatoes. In addition, the production of salad crops: arugula, mizuna, spinach, corn, chard, tatsoi, oakleaf lettuce. Also, cucumbers, sweet peppers and eggplants are grown in the greenhouses of the region.

In 2020, the harvest of grains and legumes amounted to 5.2 million tons (excluding corn). Corn harvested 376.8 thousand tons.

In 2022, as of August 8, the harvesting of grain and leguminous crops was completed on an area of 2,216.2 thousand hectares, the gross harvest was 8,529.2 thousand tons (excluding corn). In particular, winter wheat was harvested from 1,792.5 thousand hectares, with an average yield of 38.1 q/ha, 6,836 thousand tons of grain were obtained; barley was threshed on 204.7 thousand hectares, with a yield of 44.1 centners per hectare, the harvest was 903 thousand tons. As of November 21, 675 thousand tons of corn were harvested from 80% of the area, the yield was 62.6 centners per hectare.

 

Gardening

Peach and apricot orchards were planted in the Petrovsky District. In the spring of 2021, it is planned to plant 328.6 hectares of perennial plantations of apple, pear, cherry, plum, peach and apricot trees. The nurseries of Plodoobedinenie Sady Stavropolye LLC of the Mineralovodsky District, Voskhod Agricultural Enterprise of the Kirov District, K (F) Kh Usov from Georgievsky District annually produce 4 million seedlings for laying gardens. In the spring of 2020, 528 hectares of gardens were planted, and in total by the end of 2020 years - 807 hectares.

The region entered the top 10 subjects of the Russian Federation in terms of the gross harvest of fruits and berries. In 2022, 74.1 thousand tons of apples were harvested from 3,500 hectares, which is 1.5 times more than in 2021. In total, 50 farms in 19 districts are engaged in the cultivation of fruit crops in the Stavropol Territory. The total capacity of fruit storage facilities in the region is 50 thousand tons. By 2024, provided that the annual planting area of more than 600 hectares is maintained, Stavropol farmers can plant up to 7 thousand hectares in gardens and increase production to 100 thousand tons of fruits.

For 2022, 188 hectares are occupied by industrial plantings of walnuts, hazelnuts and almonds. The main enterprises where young walnut orchards are established are concentrated in the Predgorny, Novoaleksandrovsky, Kursk, and Kochubeevsky districts. In the Izobilnensky District, in 2022-2023, it is planned to lay a hazelnut garden with an area of 400 hectares. Nut growing, under suitable climatic conditions, is considered one of the most profitable areas for the development of horticulture.

In 2020, 26.6 thousand tons of apples were harvested. On an industrial scale, the region is actively engaged in summer and autumn-winter varieties of apples: "Gala", "Golden Delicious", "Red Delicious", "Geneva", "Jeromini", "Granny Smith".

 

Animal husbandry

As of January 1, 2022, there were 265.2 thousand (-4.7%) heads of cattle in farms of all categories, of which 134.0 thousand (-4.2%) heads of cows, 370.6 thousand (-2.9%) pigs, 1195.5 thousand (-13.0%) sheep and goats, 24126.7 thousand (+16.3%) birds, 5817 horses (-6.2%), 30056 bee colonies (-14%).

At the moment, there are 11 dairy breeding farms in the Stavropol Territory, three breeding plants, a gene pool farm and seven breeding reproducers. In the breeding farms of the region, cows of six breeds are bred: Ayrshire, Holstein black-and-white, black-and-white, red steppe and Jersey. Tribal organizations annually sell at least 10% of young breeding stock for the peasant farms of the region. As of January 1, 2021, 45.9 thousand heads of cattle were kept in the agricultural enterprises of the Stavropol Territory, including 17.5 thousand breeding stock. The share of breeding enterprises accounts for 54.4% of the total volume of milk produced by agricultural enterprises. In general, in the region in all forms of management at the beginning of 2021, there were 120 thousand heads of dairy cows. Milk production in farms of all categories in 2020 amounted to 507 thousand tons. Increasing the productivity of dairy cattle and increasing their number is one of the priority tasks for the development of animal husbandry in the near future.

 

Transport

Railway transport

The railway transport of the region is a single production and technological complex, which includes more than 30 structural divisions, 7 railway stations and 47 line stations. The railway network in the region covers 18 out of 26 municipal districts

The main railway is the section Armavir - Nevinnomyssk - Mineralnye Vody - Georgievsk - Novopavlovsk - Prokhladny of the double-track electrified line Moscow - Rostov-on-Don - Baku with single-track diesel locomotive branches to Ust-Dzheguta and Budyonnovsk, as well as a double-track electrified branch to Kislovodsk.

In addition, non-electrified single-track lines were laid through Stavropol and Svetlograd from the Kavkazskaya station to Elista with a branch to Budyonnovsk. There is also a railway line Peredovaya - Krasnaya Gvardiya.

Large locomotive depot: Mineralnye Vody.

The entire railway sector belongs to the North Caucasian Railway.

Automobile transport
The main highway M29 "Caucasus" passing through Nevinnomyssk, Mineralnye Vody and Pyatigorsk, with approach roads to Stavropol and further to Elista and Astrakhan; to Cherkessk; to Kislovodsk; through Georgievsk, through Zelenokumsk and Budyonnovsk to Neftekumsk and further to Dagestan and Kalmykia.

The main automobile hubs: Mineralnye Vody, Nevinnomyssk and Pyatigorsk.

Air transport
The air transport of the region is represented by the State Unitary Enterprise of the Stavropol Territory "International Airport Mineralnye Vody" and the State Unitary Enterprise of the Stavropol Territory "International Airport Stavropol".

The main air transportation is carried out through international airports:
Stavropol (Shpakovskoye) (asphalt concrete 2600×48, soil 2500×80) is located 12 kilometers northeast of Stavropol
Mineralnye Vody (reinforced concrete 3900×60 and 4100×48).

Pipeline transport
The region has a very dense and extended network of field and main pipelines:
Oil pipeline of the Caspian Pipeline Consortium pumping more than 30 million tons of oil per year to the Black Sea terminals
North Caucasian oil pipeline Baku-Makhachkala-Malgobek-Tikhoretsk with a branch connection to PS Komsomolskaya (Kalmykia)
Gas pipeline "North Caucasus - Center"
The Blue Stream gas pipeline with a working capacity of 7.5 billion m³ starts from the city of Izobilny (2006)
Product pipeline Mozdok - Rostov-on-Don with branches to Stavropol and Budyonnovsk
Dense network of field oil, gas and product pipelines, consumer gas pipelines.

Electric transport
The main transmission line 500 kV Rostov NPP - Stavropolskaya GRES - Ingurskaya HPP passes through the territory of the region.

The largest substation in the region is located in Budyonnovsk (500 kV) connecting the systems of the North Caucasus and Dagestan with the Rostov NPP.

Urban transport
From urban transport, the Pyatigorsk narrow-gauge tram and the Stavropol trolleybus are interesting.